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COSMOLOGY : OLD AND NEW
(That which helps all substances soul, etc., in undergoing modifications, is time.)
वत्तणहेदू कालो वत्तनगुणभविय दव्वणिचयेसु ।
कालाधारेणेव य वटुंति हु सव्वदव्वाणि ।। 249 Time is the cause of continuity in being. The attribute of continued existence is in all the six realities of the universe. And all substances undergo change through the support of time.)
ण य परिणमदि सयं सो ण य परिणामेइ अण्णमण्णेहि।
विविहपरिणामियाणं हवदि हु कालो सयं हेदू ।। (Time never alters itself into other substances nor does it change other substances into itself. It is merely the auxiliary cause of different kinds of modifications in other substances.)
दव्वपरिवरूवो जो सो कालो हवेइ ववहारो।
परिणामादीलक्खो वट्टणलक्खो य परमट्ठो।।। Practical or Apparent Time is that which is known from modifications produced in substances, while Real Time is that which helps to produce changes in substances and is understood from continuity.
According to Jainas, time is divided into two classes vyavahara kala and nis caya kala, i.e., Apparent and Real Time. Apparent Time is defined as
नवजीर्णादिपर्यायैर्द्रव्यानां यः प्रवर्तकः ।
समयादिमयः कालो व्यवहाराभिधोऽस्ति सः ।। 252 (Apparent Time consists of hours, minutes, seconds, etc., by which we call a thing to be new or old.) Or
व्यावहारिककालस्य परिणामस्तथा क्रिया।
परत्वं चापरत्वं च लिंगान्याहुमहर्षयः ।। 253 (The apparent time is known from the modifications (Pariņāma) that it produces in substances and from the relations of
249. Gommaja sära, Jivakanda, 568. 250. Ibid, 570. 251. Dravya-samgraha, 21. 252. Vardhamāna-purana, 16.34. 253. Tarivārtha-sāra, 3.45.
