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COSMOLOGY : OLD AND NEW
udyota, is the moon-light, the light emitted by the jewels or the phosphorescent light of the fire-fly. 296 The former predominates in heat rays and the latter in light rays. The efficiency of modern electric lamp is only 7-10% and that of an arc lamp 15% 297 In other words, only 7 or 15 per cent of energy is converted into light and the rest appears in the form of heat. Thus the light given by these sources has a much greater proportion of heat than light, and hence the name Atapa. The same is the case with the sun where only 35 percent of the radiation appears in the form of light. The efficiency of the tiny lamp in the body of the glow-worn is 99 per cent. In other words, the light given by a glow-worm contains 99 per cent of light rays and 1 per cent of heat rays; hence the most proper name given to it is udyota. Surely this division reflects credit on the keen observation and discriminative power of the ancient thinkers.
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SUTRA 25.
Tug: FOPFETT 112411
AŅAVAH SKANDHĀŚCA [25] (Matter exists in the form of indivisible elementary particles and their combinations.)
Some writers have translated anu as an 'atom' and skandha as a 'molecule' of modern chemistry. We have already discussed the definition of an anu as given by Jaina thinkers on pages 71 and 72 and pointed out that an anu is the last particle of matter which cannot be sub-divided any further by any means whatsoever. Hence it cannot be identified with the modern conception of atom although the word 'atom' originally meant something indivisible.
Following elementary particles are known to the modern science:
1. Negative elementary charges called the electrons.2. Positive elementary charges of the same mass called the
positrons.
296. 37TTT: sufrufen waTT: 1 उद्योतश्चंद्रमणिखद्योतादिप्रभवः प्रकाशः ।
(Ibid) 297. In the tube lightlamps the efficiency has reached about 60%
