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COSMOLOGY: OLD AND NEW
The Raman Effect"? enables us not only to distinguish between the different types of chemical bindings between atoms but also to go much further, and measure quantitatively the strength of the binding forces between the constituent atoms in a molecule.” For instance, measurements of Raman Effect, into the details of which we need not go, show that the structure of a molecule of carbon-di-oxide gas is of the form O=C=0, oxygen atoms are bound to the carbon atoms by double bonds, whereas the structure of a molecule of sulphur-di-oxide gas is of the triangular form as
where S stands for an atom of sulphur and for an atom of oxygen. Notice further that the bonds are single in this case.
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SUTRA 34. न जघन्यगुणानाम् ।।३४॥ NA JAGHANYA-GUŅĀNĀM (34)
(न जघन्यगुणानां परमाणूनां बन्धो भवति ।) (The ultimate elementary particles at the lowest energy level do not unite at all.)
In other words, we should expect to find electrons and positrons in perfectly free state as well and so it is. We quote the following from The Advanced Text-book of Magnetism and Electricity :
"Conduction of electricity in electrolytes and in gases is effected by positively and negatively charged carriers called ions. In liquids the ions are free charged atoms or groups of atoms; in gases the negative ion is an electron loaded up by having
337. Sir C.V. Raman was awarded the Nobel Prize for the discovery of this effect.
