Compendium of Jainism

Author(s): T K Tukol, A N Upadhye
Publisher: Prasaranga Karnatak University Dharwar

Page 83

CONCEPT OF GOD AND OF WORSHIP
He is accorded a high place of honour because it is he who inspires the people by his preachings to religious pursuits and practices.
A Sādhu is one who walks into the path of liberation with perfect faith and knowledge and with all purity of thought and conduct. He practises penances and engages in activities which are conducive to attainment of liberation.
These are five supreme beings who are 10 be praised and revered everyday. They are possessed of qualities which, when contemplated upon, are sure to conduce to peace of mind to moulding of conduct and lead to clear perception and real knowledge of the true nature of the soul. The first stage of meditation is attainment of steadiness in conduct while the second stage is reached when concentration in the contemplation of the soul is reached The mind is freed from attachment to or desire for acquisition of worldly possessions. Mental weaknesses like delusion, aversion, anger, hatred, pride, greed etc. are overcome so as to acquire complete equanimity of mind. This is the first stage of preparation for meditation. Then one should turn all his faculties inward with complete restraint of mind, thought and action in relation to external objects, and meditate on the nature of the soul. This is what is called Dhyāna. It is essential that the person who wishes to practise meditation should prepare the preliminary ground by acquisition of knowledge of scriptures, observance of the various vows and practice of penance.
This is the real conception of Jaina prayer and worship. It is impossible to know fully well the qualities of the Five Supreme Beings or the Panca-Parameşthis without regular study of the scriptures. Knowledge of the scriptures strengthens our faith in religion and creates an awareness of the inherent potentialities of the soul.
The special features of Jaina worship and prayer have been briefly noted by J. L. Jaini : "Four points must be noticed :