________________
264
COMPENDIUM OF JAINISM
prayers of the attributes so that his understanding of qualities of the soul might become clearer and his own life more spiritualistic. He gains more spiritual knowledge and becomes well-disciplined in his practices.
The other Mülaguņas relate to certain external observances. Nakedness is one of the conditions of a Digambara saint. Sogani has referred to some scriptural sources to say that nudity is prescribed in Svetāmbara texts as well, but the commentators say that it is learnt from Jinakalpi monks. Despite the constant references regarding nudity in Svetāmbara texts the rules of clothing are found in them but they are not required to be particular about them.13 A saint should neither take his bath nor cleanse his teeth. He must sleep on the ground or a wooden plank. He has to take his food only once in a day standing and that too in the plam of his hands. He has to remove his hair with his own hands. A Śvetambara monk uses a pot for taking his food and a wooden plank to sleep upon. According to sects and regions there are minor differences in receiving and taking food etc.
Besides observing these basic qualities, he has to bear patiently all the afflictions that face a wandering monk so that he does not swerve from the path of stoppage of Karmas and is able to annihilate them. These afflictions or hardships (parişahas are twenty--two : 1) Hunger (kşudhã) 2) thrist (pipāsā) 3) cold (sita), 4) heat (uşņa), 5) insect-bite (darśamaśaka), 6) nakedness (någnya), 7) absence of pleasures (arati), 8) woman (stri), 9) tired-feeling from roaming (caryā), 10) discomfort of continuous sitting (nisadyā), 11) discomfort in sleeping (sayyā), 12) censure and scolding (ākroša), 13) injury (vadha). 14) begging (yācanā), 15) failure to get food (alābha), 16) Disease (roga). 17) pricking of blades of grass (tļņasparśa), 18) dirt (mala), 19) reception and honouring (satkāra-puraskāra), 20) consciousness of intelligence (jñāna), 21) conciousness of ignorance (ajñāna) and 22) lack of faith (adarśana). 14
There is no need of any explanation about the first five hardships as their implications are clear. Nakedness is dispensed
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
