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THE CANONICAL LITERATURE OF THE JAINAS
[CHAP.
es atonements and penances by way of punishment for various transgressions against rules pertaining to begging of alms, etc. This work mentions exceptions to the general rules, too.
MAHANISIHA This Cheyasutta is divided into 6 sections known as ajjhayanas. A three-fold division referred to, in the beginning of this work, is not to be found. There are specific titles for the 1st, 2nd, 5th and 6th ajjhayaņas. They indicate the subject-matter. The 3rd and Be 4th ajjhayanas treat of Kusīla Sādhus. In the 4th, there is a narrative about two brothers Sumati and Nāïla. The 5th deals with the relation between a guru and his pupil. This ajjhayaņa has supplied some materials for composing Gacchāyāra. The 6th ajjhayaņa treats of prāyaścittas and contains a narrative pertaining to a teacher Bhadda and Rayyā, the Āryikā. The last two ajjhayaņas which are styled as Cūliyās, supply information about the daughter of Suyyasivi. Over and above these specific topics, this Cheyasutta has several topics in common with Nisīha.
VAVAHĀRA This Cheyasutta is divided into 10 uddesagas. It deals with prescriptions and interdictions. It points out what Jaina saints are expected to do and what they are expected to refrain from, and the prāyascittas they have to perform, in case they violate the prescribed rules. Further it deals with the desired type of spirit they should have at the time of expiations. It throws light as to what should be done when one or more saints go astray, while they itinerate with many more. It also informs us as to who do not deserve the status of an Acārya, an Upadhyāya and the like. Nuns holding padavīs like Pravartini have to lead their lives according to a set of rules. These are explained in this work. In the end we have the curriculum for a novice whose course of study ordinarily lasts for 20 years. This Cheyasutta, too, has been utilized for the composition of Gacchāyāra 2 1-2 Cf. "HEIGAEITE -qraît aaettrait nem a
साहुसाहुणिअट्ठाए गच्छायारं समुद्धिअं॥१३५॥"
