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212
THE CANONICAL LITERATURE OF THE JAINAS
[CHAP
grammatical information, which has its own importance', though it does not by any means add to our stock of knowledge by way of an original contribution. To begin with, Āyāra (II, 4, 1; s. 355) mentions 3 numbers, 3 genders, 3 tenses and 3 persons. Thana (s. 609) deals with 8 cases and their functions. The pertinent portion occurs almost rod verbatim in Aruogadtāra (s. 128). This latter work notes in s. 130 Thüvappamäng and its 4 varieties viz. samūsiya, tadahiya, dhāuya and niruttiya. Under the 1st variety, 7 kinds of compounds are noted along with their illustrations, The 2nd variety is cight-fold. Herein while explaining iloiinima Maladhārin Hemacandra Sūri says that since Śrbdaprūbhrta is extinct, it is not possible to explain it in its entirety. Under the 3rd variety we have "ANTİ PREÀ#191 gaat" etc., whereas under the 4th we have etymologies attended to e. g. "Hai ta Afya:" etc. This portion is to some extent in Sanskrta which is rather unusual. In s. 123 there is an exposition of genders and the corresponding endings (see pp. 1110-112"), and in s. 124 that of euphony. Verse 325 of Kappanijjutti mixed up with its Bhäsa mentions 5 types? of paya – a topic discussed in s. 123 of Anuogaidāra, and v. 320, 4 types of payattha such as sīmāsiya etc., already noted. In the com. (p. 3j to v. 2 of this work, it is noted that certains letters and the dual number have no place in Prākęta whereas in the com. (p. 99) on v. 326, are given the names of 7 kinds of compounds along with their examples, S varieties of touldhita etc. Kotyācārya in his com. (p. 129) on Viscsão quotes a verset whereby we learn that in Prākrta, the dual number is represented by the plural, and the dative case is replaced by the genitive.s 1 For instance, it is in Prākrta. Bharata's Nātyaśāstra (SVII, pp. 367-369)
is another example of this type; for, it mentions in Prakrta some characteristics of this language. Further the Agamas give its an idea about concorl in Prakrta works-a topic discussed by Prof. A. M. Ghatage in his article entitled Concord in Prakrit Syntax and published in the "Annals of B. O. R. I” (vol.
XXI, pts. I-II, pp. 73-96). 2 " नाम निवाउबसगं अक्खाइय मिस्सयं च नायव्वं । पंचविहं होइ पयं लक्खणकारेहि निद्दिद्रं ॥३२५॥" 3 See Visesão (v. 3455). It begins with "0.84 TomTTON" 4 Its 2nd foot is quoted by Haribhadra Sūri in his com. (p. 1b) on Da saveyaliya. 5 For details see my article Grammatical topics in Pārya to be published hereaftor,
