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VII ]
COMPARISON AND EVALUATION
Anuogaddara (s. 41) and Nandi (s. 42). Even the Dasaveyaliyanijjutti (v. 259-262) furnishes us with some materials in this direction. Four types of kama are treated in Thana (IV, 4; s. 357), and a detailed exposition of sexual indulgence is given in Thana (s. 116, 122 & 123), Viahapannatti (VII, 7; s. 289), Pannavaṇā (XXXIV) etc.
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Mathematics-In 1923 I was given a Research grant by the University of Bombay to carry on research on "Jaina Mathematics". The various results then arrived at have been dealt with at length by me in the intro. (pp. i-xlvii) to Ganitatilaka'. So I shall here mention only a few points:
(i) Viahapannatti (s. 90) and Uttarajjhayana (XXV, v. 7, 8 & 38) inform us that knowledge of sankhyana and jyotisa is one of the main accomplishments of a Jaina saint. (ii) Geometry is spoken of in Suyagadanijjutti (v. 154) as the lotus of Mathematics.
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(iii) Bhangas are likely to remind a student of Mathematics of 'Permutations and Combinations'. They are mentioned in Thana (X; s. 716), and their two varieties are noted and explained by Abhayadeva Suri in his com. (p. 478) to this Anga. Silanka Suri in his com. (p. 9") to Suyagadanijjutti (v. 28) has given us 3 verses which supply us with 3 rules. The first verse enables us to determine the total number of transpositions which can be made when a specific number of things is given, whereas the other two help us in finding the actual spread of representation. The problem known as Gangeya-bhanga and treated in Viahapannatti (IX; s. 372-374) may be specially mentioned as one of the typical problems connected with this branch of Mathematics.4
This is edited by me with the com. of Simhatilaka Suri, and it is published in Gaekwad's Oriental Series as No. LXXVIII.
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In this com. (p. 317) there is mention of Simandharasvamin. He is a Tirthankara living in Mahavidcha kṣetra according to the Jaina belief. Sce my intro. (p. xiii) to Ganitalilaka.
Viscsão (v. 942-943) gives us a method of working out ananupurvi, leaving aside pūrvânupūrvi and paścanupūrvi, a subject pertaining to bhangas.
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