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They believe that electromagnetic waves behave like waves in certain circumstances and in other circumstances they behave like particles. Thus modern science and scientists accept the dual nature of light.
On the other hand, the experiences or extrasensory perceptions of Shri Ashok Kumar Dutt prove that light, the electromagnetic field (Which is called aura of objects), mind, thoughts and sound - all these are in the form of matter i.e. pudgal or the masses of subtle particles i.e. the most micro atoms/particles and this fully supports the jaina philosophical view.
According to Jaina philosophy, there are only six kinds of fundamental substances in the whole universe. They are - 1. Soul. 2. Matter, 3. Space, 4. Time, 5. Dharma (The medium for motion) and 6. Adharma (The medium for rest). Some Jaina philosophers regard time as a substance and some do not. Of these all substances, five substances otherthan matter are formless. Only the matter (pudgal) has a form. In combination with element matter, the element soul seems to have a form. Jaina philosophers mention that the matter has the characterstics namely colour, smell, taste and touch. The subtlest part or atom of an element matter, which by any instrument could never be divided in the past, can never be divided in the present and is never going to be possible to be divided in the future, is called an atom. Though, in modern physics, the subtlest indivisible part of a substance is called an atom (paramanu), it can be divided into sub-atomic particles namely electrons, protons, neutrons, quarks etc. It is therefore, not proper to call it a real paramānu (atom).
An atom (paramānu) has a coulour, a smell, a taste and two touches. It means that it has a form. But it is so subtle that it cannot be seen with the naked eyes, nor can it be seen with any instrument such as an ul modern electro-microscope. It can be seen with the eyes or an instrument only after infinite atoms have gathered up in a mass.
Grouping of infinite atoms have been classified by Jaina philosophers into eight types. Their names and uses are as under : 1. The audārika type of grouping i.e. varganā - Every unit of this type of Varganā (grouping)' has infinite atoms. Bodies of all living beings in the whole visible universe are made of it, except the bodies of hellish beings and celestial beings. According to Jainism, earth, water, fire and wind are also living beings and therefore, their bodies are also made up of units of this type of vargana. 2. The Vaikriya Vargana - Every unit of this type of Vargana has also infinite atoms (paramānus). But unit of this type of Vargana has many more numbers
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Arhat Vacana, July 2000
