Anekantajay patakakhyam Prakaranam Part 2

Author(s): Haribhadrasuri, Munichandrasuri
Publisher: Oriental Research Institute Vadodra

Page 415

284
NOTES
[P. 80, 1. 10
designátion 88 Sarvāstivāda'. Further, this school believes that every thing lasts for four køcenas: origination, duration, old age and death. Even átman named as purigala, lasts for four ksanas. Further, knowledge is form-less, and it originates along with the object from the same material.
The literature of the Vaibhāşikas is available to-day in the Chinese language. It comprises Jnānaprasthānas'ästra (also known as Mahāvibhāşa) of Kátyāyaniputra. Dharmaskandha of Säriputra. Dhátulcãyo of Purua, Prajñaptis'dstra of Maudgalāyana and Vijñānakāya of Devaksema.
Vasubandhu bas written Abhidharmakos'a known as Vaibhās ikarikā, and has written a Bhäsya on it, and thereby refuted the Sautrantika doctrinos. Later on, Yas'omitra, a Sautrantika, has written a vyākhyā on it, and it is styled as Abhidharmakos'avyakhyā.
Yogācāra is so named as its leaders practised yoga; for, according to this school, only those who by practising yogal attain the ten bhūmis of Boddhisattva, acquire bodhi. The other view is that the Brahmanas gave this designation to this school on coming across Asariga's Yogăcarabhumis'āstra. Yogācāra asserts that there is no external reality either directly perceived or mediately inferred. This sort of idealism is a natural outcome of the practice of yoga which is mainly concerned with the mental life.
Asanga alias Aryasariga ( 480 A. D.), Vasubandhu, Nanda, Diánāga, Dharmapāla and S'ilabhadra are the principal äcāryas of the Yogācāra school.
The Madhyamika school denies reality of the ends, being (bhāvos) and non-being (abhāva) and affirm it of the centre (madhya) only, which is neither being nor non-being but simply s'ünya' or 'emptyness."
The doctrines of all the four schools are briefly 'noted in the following quotation occurring in Devabhadra's Tippana (p. 78) on Siddharşi's com. on Nyāyāvatāra (v. 29):
"अर्थो शानसमन्वितो मतिमता वैभाषिकेणेक्ष्यते
प्रत्यक्षो न हि बाह्य वस्तुविसरः सौत्रान्तिकैराश्रितः।
1
Yoga is assigned an important place in Buddhism. Lord Buddha had practised yoga before attaining bodhi. Those which are known as the five yāmas and the foar bhāranās in Jainism are looked upon as prominent constituents of dharma even in Buddhism. The latter has treated four ärya-satyas. In the Mahayana Sect there is a detailed description of dhyana, pāramita, samadhi etc. There are four schools of the Bauddha tantra: (i) kriya-tantra, (ii) caryat tantra, (iii) yoga-lantra, and (iv) anuttara-yoga-tantra. Amongsthem yoga-tantra is of great importance. The five daśas of yoga are treated in anutlara-yoga-lantra. See. p. 427 of SM edited by Jagadiscandra. See intro. (p. LXX) to SM,
2