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Five basic elements:
1) Earth 2) Water 3) Air 4) Fire 5) Space
Metaphysics is science of reality. We can get through pratkshya, anuman. Shabda, upman. Earthapathi, anauplabdi. There are nine drashans mainly astik and nastik. (Orthodox and Heterodox.)
Astik accept Vedanta, purv and uttar mimansa, vaisishakya, nyaya,, sankhya, yoga.
Nastik covers charvak and shramik budha and jain.
Vedanta is scripture in Upnishad. Upnishad means to sit near Guru and get knowledge. Vedanta is last part of Veda being quintessence of Veda (sar of the Veda). It teaches relation of Jiva- Sansar- Ishwar. Upnishad was given in sutra form by Badrayan or Vyas, called as brmhasutra. Upnishad, Bramhasutra, Bhagwatgeeta together are called Prasthantraya.
Each acharya had different concept of vedant.
Shankracharya:
He said about more conceptual issues. Like Bramha is satya. Jagat is mithya. The word bramha was replaced by Atma to understand easily.
The Bramha was described as neti neti indicating the description of matter with utmost vivek. (discretion). The evaluation of bramhan is in three stages called Utpatti, Sthiti and Laya.
We are ignorant in getting knowledge because of the existence of Maya. When Atma as Sakshi Purush (in witnessing condition) asks subjective question who am I? one can experience reality. Sakshibhav is immortal and any Atma can experience it.
Philosophy & Enlightenment
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