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large stretches of forest, open to all, separating most of the settlements; the absence of any custom of breeding cattle for the meat-market; the large demand for ivory, fur, sinews, creepers, and all the other produce of the woods; and the congeniality of the occupation, all tended to encourage the hun. ters. And there is no reason to suppose that the very ancient instinct of the chase was confined to the so-called savages. The kings and nobles also, whether Aryan by blood or not, seem to have taken pleasure in it, quite apart from the economic question of food supply. But men of good birth followed it as a trade; and when brahmins did so (868) they are represented as doing so for profit.
13. The cooks and confectioners, a numerous class, probably formed a guild. But there is no passage saying that they did.
14. The barbers and shampooers had their guilds. They dealt in perfumes, and were especially skilled in arranging the elaborate turbans worn by the wealthier classes. (Figs. 21, 22.)
15. The garland-makers and flower-sellers (866).
16. Sailors, occupied for the most part in the traffic up and down the great rivers, but also going to sea. In some of our earliest documents 'we hcar of sea voyages out of sight of land ; and in the later docuinents, such as the Jātakas, the mention of such voyages is frequent (872). So the earlier ciocuments speak of voyages lasting six months made in ships (nuīvä, perhaps “boats '') which could be drawn up on
"Digha, 1. 222 (trauslater in Dialogues of the Emhina, 1. 283), Anguiltara, 3. 369.
Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat
www.umaragyanbhandar.com
