________________ Xiy peculiar technical symbols such as Gha, Sas, Luk, slu, Lup, etc. Some of these may have been known to Panini from his predecessors, while others were probably of his own creation. Patanjali distinctly tells us that Ti, Ghu and Bha were known to him already. Then, the technical process called Adhikara and Anuvrtti comprised in framing of the sutras in such a way that all such words as may be conveniently supplied from the sense or from the preceding sutras were scrupulously omitted. Adhikara-sutras were those which have to be repeated, wholly or in part, each time any of the sutras dominated by it are to be interpreted; while Anuvrtti was effective similarly for a comparatively very short duration in the case of the succeeding sutras by way of certain words of the preceding sutras persisted in the succeeding ones. Lastly, in portions of the Astadhyayi, Panini has so arranged the sutras that where two sutras appear equally applicable, that which comes earlier in the order of the Astadhyayi must obtain precedence over the one which comes later; this holds good for the whole of Tripadi with reference to the sapada-saptadhyayi. There is yet one more device serving the same end, namely, the use of the Paribhasas or canons of interpretation, some enunciated by Panini himself, but a larger number he found already current in his day. 3. The Panca-granthi Concept and its Tradition 3.1. In addition to the Astadhyayi comprising about 4000 rules divided in eight chapters further subdivided into quarter chapters, Panini seems to have compiled other treatises accessory (khila) to it, viz., Dhatupatha, Ganapatha, Unadipatha and Linganusasana, all these five being considered to be essential constituents of one unified system of linguistic analysis, known in ancient India by the term Vyakarana. Among these the Astadhyayi is the principal text as it lays down the rules, which accomplish the task of describing the language, while the rest of the four types of the texts are auxiliary ones since they provide the linguistic data proper for the purpose. 3.2. Yudhisthira Mimamsaka 56 has for the first time pointed out that all the extant systems of Sanskrit grammar are known to have five aspects of their treatment. This is the reason why in the Vaiyakarana tradition the usage 'Pancanga-vyakarana' is popular for indicating the fullness of the Vyakaranas To indicate these auxiliary texts they call them "Khila-patha', since they constitute as the part and parcel of the whole process. Kasika includes them in the texts indicated by the term 'Upadesa' in the Paninian rule 'Upadese janunasika it' (P. Ast. 1.3.1)58. Similarly Narayana Dandanatha tdo quotes Kasika while explaining the term in Bhojadeva's sutra 'Aj upadese' (SKV. 1.2.7)
