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Jaina Community.come A Social Survey
tions exist between them though they follow different religions. - It is explained that all such castes formerly followed Jainism and though later on some of their members embraced other religions, the former marital relations were continued. But nowadays this practice is looked down upon and responsible and prominent associations like All India Śvetambara Jaina Conference are advising people to contract marriages within the Jaina members of their caste.78 In the Paravāra caste some are the followers of Tāranapantha and the others of different sub-sects of Digambara sect. Formerly, Paravāras were contracting marriages among themselves irrespective of religious differences. Recently, this has stopped and Tāranapanthi and other Digambara Paravāras have formed their own endogamous groups. The same is the case with Tāraṇapanthi Golālāre and other Golālāre, i. e., Golālāre following other sub-sects of Digambara sect.29 This can be called as religious or sectional endogamy. (3) Place or Local Endogamy :
* When' members of a particular caste are spread over a wide area, their internal contact gets slackened as a result of which marriages are not freely contracted by the members of the same caste if they reside in distant places. This gives rise to place or local endogamy, Hummadas are dispersed in Rajasthāna, Gujaratha and Mahārāshtra and there are hardly any marital relations between them. Saitavālas are found in Vidarbha, Marathwādā and Western Mahārāshịra regions of the present Mahārāshtra State but each of these three regions has been practically formed into an endogamous group. Jainas residing in the Ahmedabad City do not give their daughters in marriage to the non-residents of Ahmedabad.80 In the constitution of Visā Srimāli sub-caste of Saurāshtra (i. e., mainly from Junagadh, Dhoraji. Vanthali an Jetpur Talukas) it has been laid down that their members should keep matrimonial relations with Visā Srimālis residing up to Bhavanagar, Veraval, Porbunder, Jamanagar, and Mangrol and not beyond this limit even though the other party may be a Visa Srimāli.81 (4) Factional or Group Endogamy :
Due to difference of opinion on certain questions factions arise within the members of a caste or a sub-caste and sometimes
