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Jain.1 Ethics and Miscellaneous Customs and Manners
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not imply a complete annihilation of their natural properties, but only a suspension of their functions, in varying degree, according to the quality and quantity of the material absorbed. Thus, the effect of the fusion of the spirit and matter is manifested in the form of a compound personality which partakes of the nature of both, without actually destroying either. The causes of Bandha are as follows:
1. Mithyā darśana, i. e., wrong belief or faith, 2. Avirati, i. e., Vowlessness or non-renunciation, 3. Pramāda, i. e., carelessness, 4. Kashāya, i. e., passions, and 5. Yoga, i. e., vibration in the soul through mind, speech
and body. This bondage is of four kinds according to (i) Prakrti, that is, nature of Karmic matter which has invested the soul; (ii) Sthiti, that is, duration of the attachment of Karmic matter to the soul; (iii) Anubhāga, that is, the intensity or the character — strong or mild - of the actual fruition of the Karmic matter; and (iv) Pradeśa, that is, the number of Karmic molecules which attach to the soul.17 (V) Samvara :
Effective states of desire and aversion, and activity of thought, speech or body are the conditions that attract Karmas, good and bad, towards the soul. When those conditions are removed there will be no Karmas approaching the Jīva; that is complete Samvara-a sori of protective wall shutting out all the Karmas is established round the self. Thus Samvara is the stoppage of inflow of Karmic matter into the soul. There are several ways through which the stoppage could be effected.18 (VI) Nirjarā : 1
Nirjarā means the falling away of Karmic matter from the soul. The soul will be rendered free by the automatic falling out of the Karmas when they become ripe. But this is a lengthy process. The falling away may be deliberately brought through the practice of austerities. Thus Nirjarā is of two kinds. The natural maturing of a Karma and its separation from the soul is called Savipāka Nirjarā. and inducing a Karma to leave the soul,
