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Jaina Community - A Social Survey
so at present. Now the Jaina Dasa Srīmālīs have no relations with Hindu Dasā Srīmālīs and among the former the Svetambaras and Sthanakavasis do not possess inter-marital relations. Similarly the Jaina Poravādas and Nemas have discontinued their practice which was current only 60 years back-of marrying with the Hindu Poravādas and Nemas respectively. It seems that only Jaina Levā Pātīdāras even now dine and marry with the Hindu Levā Pāṭidāras and that among the Jaina and non-Jaina members of the Bāvanagāma Bhāvasara caste, interdining and intermarital relations are kept without any restrictions. In South India like Pañchama Jainas there are Рañchamasālīs among the Lingayatas and Panchamas among the Hindus but the Jaina Panchamas have no relations with the other Panchamas. The same is the case with the Upadhyayas from the Jainas and the Hindu Brahmins. Similarly like Jaina Vaisyas there are Bantas among the Hindus of South Kanara but there are hardly any relations between them. It is stated that the Vellalas of Saiva sect of Hindus from Tanjore District were followers of Jainism upto the 10th century A. D. and now they have no relations with any Jainas of that District.
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14. RULES OF ENDOGAMY AND EXOGAMY
The question number 15 was concerned with the rules of endogamy and exogamy, their observance and the possible improvements therein. The rules of endogamy of the Jaina community at present, as revealed from the replies, are such that while contracting marriages the caste or sub-caste, the sect or sub-sect and the geographical locality are generally taken into consideration. This means that the persons belonging to the same sub-sect or sub-caste and geographical locality alone can have marital relations among themselves and their relations with outsiders are strictly forbidden. Thus, in general the Jainas observe the following forms of endogamy, namely, the caste or sub-caste endogamy, religious or sectional endogamy and local or place endogamy which in Gujaratha is known as Ghola. As regards the rules of exogamy it can be said that among the castes in which the gotra system exists, the gotras are necessarily avoided for the purpose of marriage. There is no fixed rule as to how many gotras are to be avoided and the number of gotras to be avoided differs from
