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Jaina Community-A Social Survey
replies a present-day picture of social conditions found in the Jaina community is given in this chapter.?
The questionnaire consists of fifty questions drawn with a view to elicit information on the different aspects of Jaina social life. The questions can be conveniently divided into four broad categories. The first six questions are meant to get general information about the persons answering the questionnaire. As the question numbers 7 to 28 deal with the social institutions of caste and marriage they form the second category. The institution of Bhattāraka is confined to certain castes among Jainas and hence the question about it has been included in this section only. The third category consists of question numbers 29 to 33 which are concerned with the institution of family. The remaining questions form the fourth category and they ask information about some miscellaneous social customs and manners as well as individual opinions on certain topics of social interest. In addition to the answers to these questions, the persons were requested to make special remarks, if any, regarding any matter of social importance.
2, NAMES AND SURNAMES The question numbers 1 and 2 are concerned with the full name and address of the person to whom the questionnaire was addressed. From the replies received it will be evident that the Jainas have no particular surnames which are common all over India and that their surnames differ in different provinces. In Western Indià or Gujarātha the surnames commonly found among the Jainas are Shah, Gandhi, Mehta, Doshi, Patel, Parikh, Sanghavi, Kapadia, Kothari, Vora, Zaveri, etc.; in Northern India they are Jain, Nahata, Daddha, Chopra, Singh, Kashlival, Gangaval, Sarupria, etc.; in Central India they are Jain, Singhai, Mogha, etc., in Hindi Districts and Mahajan, Junankar, Belokar, Vaidya, Chavare, etc., in Marāthi Districts; in Maharashtra and Karnataka they are Sangave, Chaugule, Magdum, Patil, Gunjal, Tukol, Upadhye, etc. and in South India they are Shetty, Jain, Shastri, Shaligrama, Chakravarti, etc. Further, the surnames and names of the Jainas of a particular region are generally like those current in that region. The names and surnames of Jainas like Kamata Prasada Jain from North India, Chimanlal Chikubhai Shah from Western India, Laxman Annaji
