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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[OCTOBER, 1905.
The next locality is Mathura on the Jumna (N. lat. 27° 30, E. long. 77° 40), where Cunningham excavated a flat copper celt from the Chaubara mound D, & mile and a half to the south-west of the Katrå gateway. Copper harpoon-heads, similar to the Bithûr specimens, are said to have been frequently found at and near Mathurâ, but no particulars are recorded, and no specimen is known to have been preserved.
An interesting group of objects, consisting of two flat celts, a barbed harpoon-head, and a set of six rings, was found in a field near Mainpuri (N. lat, 27° 14', E. long. 79° 8') midway between the Ganges and Jumna. (Plate II.)
At Farrukhabad or Fathgach on the Ganges (N. lat. 27° 23', E. long. 79° 36'), thirteen swords and a rude human figure were discovered. The six specimens preserved in the Indian Museum, Calcutta, are shown in Plates II. and III.7
Further south, at a village named Niorai in the Itāwa (Etawah) District, near the Jamna, a barbed spear- or harpoon-head and a so-called sword-blade with projecting hook were found, which are now in the Copenhagen Museum.
Two celts and three harpoon-heads came from Bithur on the Ganges, situated in the Cawnpore (Känhpur) 1 triet, United Provinces of Agra and Oude, twelve miles to the north-west of Cawnpore, in N.lat. 26° 37. E. long. 80° 19. At Puriar, a village on the other side of the Ganges in the Unão District, Oude, and opposite Bithur, similar spear-or harpoon-heads have been found in considerable numbers in the bed of the Ganges, and a neighbouring marsh Ghil), which probably marks an old bed of the river. In 1891 it is said that "a large number" of these objects was collected in the temple of Somtávars Mahadeva at Pariør, and it is probable that they still lie there; but no specimens have been obtained for any museum.
Sir Alexander Cunningham procured a small, narrow celt, 44 inches in length, half an inch wide near the tip, and 17 inch wide at the base, at Kolam, an ancient site on the Jumna, about thirty miles above Allâhâbâd, which he presented to the British Museum in 1892. This object closely resembles a polished flint celt from Gilmerton in East Lothian, now in the National Museum at Edinburgh. (Evans, Ancient Stone Implements, 2nd ed. fig. 76.)
The most easterly discovery of a copper implement in India was made at the foot of the hill range of Manbhům, beyond Sildab, in the Pargana of Jhatibani, in the western part of the Midnapur District of Eastern Bengal, where & shouldered celt was obtained, near a village named Tamajuri. (Plate II., fig. 6.) Near Karharberi in the Pâchamba subdivision of the Hazaribagh District, Chutiya Nagpur Division, Bengal, to the north of lat. 26°, and to the east long. 86°, five pieces of smelted copper were obtained, three of which were unfinished celts of the Midnapur type.
In the extreme west of India, & copper celt was excavated at COPPER CELT. Kogay. Bhagotoro, near Sehwan (N. lat. 26° 26', E. long. 67° 54'), in the
(Full size.) Karachi District of Sind, Bombay Presidency.
"The six specimens asoribed to Yathrarb idolude the sword or dagger with divergent hilt points (Plato III., fig. 2) marked as from locality animowa.' It was probably included in the Fathgarh find. The human figure is shown in Plate II., No. 6. Dr. Vogel has sent me some photographe of implements from Bithûr, too late for insertion in this paper.
