Book Title: Gandhis Teachers Rajchandra Ravjibhai Mehta
Author(s): Satish Sharma
Publisher: Gujarat Vidyapith Ahmedabad

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Page 141
________________ Philosophy of Six Padas 123 5. Moksha or kevalya is nirvana in Buddhism. 6. Atma-Siddhi is Self-Realization. Also see: Chapter 6, footnote 4 above. 7. Bhagavad Gita is a part of the epic history of the ancient world presented in Mahabharia. See: Bhaktivedanta, A. C., Bhagavad-Gita As It Is. Ins Angeles: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust, 1986. 8. Kurukshetra is presently in the Haryana State of India, not far from New Delhi. 9. One of the five Pandava brothers. 10. Lord Krishna is an incarnation of the Supreme Being who served as Arjun's charioteer in the battle at Kurukshetra. 11. See: Bhaktivedanta, Bhagavad-Gita As It Is... op. cit., 1986. 12. Ibid, Chapter 2, Shlokas 11- 13, 16-25. 13. The classical yogic tradition was propounded by Patanjali who codified many centuries of experimentation and achievement in this field into eight yogic stages or "limbs": yama (abstention from injury through thought, word, and deed and through falsehood, stealing, passions, lust, and avarice); niyama (self-improvement in terms of external and internal cleanliness, contentment, simplicity of life, spiritual study, and devotion to the Supreme Being); asana (various postures used to discipline the body and to practice spiritual contemplation); pranayama (control of life force, of which one example is regulation of breath through inhalation, retention, and exhalation); pratyaharu (control and restraining of the senses and directing them inward to self); dharana (fixing the mind on a point of meditation); dhayana (steadfast meditation on one object or theme); samadhi (complete absorption of the mind in the object of meditation and becoming one with it - ultimately absorption of the self in self). In addition, there are also mauna yoga (observing outer and inner silence), mantra yoga (constant repetition of a mantra or prayer); laya yoga (repetition of sound vibrations at certain levels); hatha yoga (control of the Jain Education International For Private & Personal Use Only www.jainelibrary.org

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