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EPIGRAPHIA INDICA.
(VOL. V
on the Friday, Uttara-Phalgupi, by the equal space system and according to Garga for 10 h. 30 m., and by the Brahma-siddhanta for 7 h. 13 m.; and afterwards Hasta.
In A.D. 1000 the month of Rishabha lasted from the 23rd April to the 23rd May; and during that time the 10th tithi of the bright half (of the lunar month Jyaishtha) ended 20 h 53 m. after mean sunrise of Wednesday, the 15th May, when the nakshatra was Hasta, by the equal space system and according to Garga for 22 h. 20 m., and by the Brahma-siddhanta for. 19 h. 3 m., after mean gunrise.
From this it follows that, if the year of the king's reign is correctly given, either the nakshatra (Hasta) has been quoted incorrectly, or the weekday (Thursday). In A.D. 999 the 10th tithi of the bright half of the month of Rishabhs may undoubtedly be joined with Thursday, the 27th April, because the tithi commenced as early as 0 h. 53 m. after mean sunrise of that day;' bat during no part of the Thursday was the moon in the nakshatra Hasta. On the other hand, for A.D. 1000 the day of the date would undoubtedly be the 15th May, when the nakshatra was Hasta up to nearly the end of the day; but the 15th May A.D. 1000 was a Wednesday, not a Thursday.
My own opinion is, that the day of the date probably is Thursday, the 37th April A.D. 999, and that the writer, confounding the solar and the lunar months Jyaishtha, without verifying his statement, has coupled with that day the nakshatra Hasta, because in the great majority of years' Hasta really is the proper nakshatra for the 10th tithi of the bright half of the lunar Jyaishtha.
I may add that I have calculated the date also for the surrounding years A.D. 998 and 1001, as well as for A.D. 1009 and 1010, without any satisfactory results.
B.-KULOTTUNGA-CHOLA I. No. 28.- Inscription in the Rajagop&la-Peramal temple at Manimangalam.3 i Systi Art cu Tiribavanachchakkaravattiga! Sri-Kulottunga-Soladêvarkku yandu
48&vada Kumbha-nåyarru pärvva-[pa]kshatta dvådab[i]yam Vel2 [!]i-kkilamaiyum perra Sadaiya[t]tu nal.
In the 48th year of the reign of the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious Kaldttunga-Choladeve, on the day of Satabhishaj, which corresponded to a Friday and to the twelfth tithi of the first fortnight of the month of Kumbha."
Since during the month of Kumbha, a twelfth tithi cannot possibly be joined with the nakshatra Satabhishaj, I feel confident that the twelfth is wrongly quoted here instead of the second tithi of the bright half, and that the date, therefore, in every respect is the same as No. 30, above, Vol. IV. p. 262.
0.- KULOTTUNGA-CHOLA III. No. 99.--Inscription in the Dharm esvara temple at Manimangalam. 1 Tira-vary 7-kkal vi mu[n]n-aga Tribhuvanachchak karavattiga! Maduraiyum Ilamum
Papdiya[n] m[a]di-ttalaiyan-good-aru[!]iya sri-Kulottuðga-Soladevarkku yându
I could quote very many similar dates from my lists.
A comparison of twelve native calendars for different years hus yielded the following result for the day on which the 10th tithi of the bright belf of the lunar Jy ishtha ended : In nine years the nakshatra was Hasta at the commencement of the day, and in two others towards the end of it; and in the remaining year the sakehatra at the commencement of the day was Chitrl, which follows immediately upon Hasta.
South-Ind. Inacr. Vol. III. No. 32.
• The Identity of this king with Kulottunga.Chļa I. is proved by the fact that three persons mentioned in this inscription are also referred to in another inscription at Manimangalam (above, Vol. IV. p. 262, No. 20), which opens with the usual historical introduction of the inscriptions of Kulottunga-Chola I (Pugal-ddu vilanga).
No. 289 of the Government Epigraphist's collection for 1897.
