Jain Pandulipiya evam Shilalekh Ek Parishilan

Author(s): Rajaram Jain
Publisher: Fulchandra Shastri Foundation
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/032394/1

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chaThI si. paM. phUlacandra zAstrI vyAkhyAnamAlA jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha eka parizIlana (Jaina Manuscripts and Inscriptions - An Overview) pro. rAjArAma jaina prakAzaka siddhAntAcArya paM. phUlacandra zAstrI phAuNDezana, ruDakI (uttarAkhaNDa) zrI gaNeza varNI digambara jaina saMsthAna nariyA, vArANasI (u.pra.)

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prAcIna jJAna-vijJAna kI amUlya dharohara jaina pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha : eka parizIlana (siddhAntAcArya paM. phUlacandra zAstrI zatAbdI samAroha varSa ke upalakSya meM pradatta do smAraka - vyAkhyAnoM ke mAdhyama se pANDulipiyoM kI AvazyakatA, unake udbhava aura vikAsa, prArambhika lekhanopakaraNa-sAmagrI, pANDulipi prakAra, lipi-bheda, bhAratIya itihAsa ke nirmANa meM jaina - zilAlekhoM, graMtha - prazastiyoM evaM puSpikAoM ke yogadAna, videzoM meM surakSita lakSAdhika bhAratIya pANDulipiyA~, phArasI bhASA evaM lipi meM upalabdha jaina pANDulipiyA~ Adi-Adi para prathama bAra prastuta preraka - rocaka sAmagrI) pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina, DI. liT (rASTrapati sahasrAbdI sammAna puraskAra (2000 I.) dvArA sammAnita) pUrva yUnivarsiTI prophesara evaM vibhAgAdhyakSa, ha. dA. jaina kAleja, ArA, bihAra (magadha vizvavidyAlaya) prakAzaka siddhAntAcArya paM. phUlacandra zAstrI phAuNDezana, rur3akI (uttarAkhaNDa) evaM zrI gaNeza varNI digambara jaina saMsthAna nariyA, vArANasI (u.pra.) 2007 I.

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prakAzakaH siddhAntAcArya paM. phUlacandra zAstrI phAuNDezana, rur3akI - 247 667 ( uttarAkhaNDa) evaM zrI gaNeza varNI digambara jaina saMsthAna, nariyA, vArANasI - 221005 (u.pra.) AI esa bI ena naM. : 81-86657-48-0 prathama saMskaraNa 2007 -- mUlya: 100/- rupaye mAtra mudraka: ajaya priMTarsa evaM pablizarsa 16, sivila lAIna, rur3akI (uttarAkhaNDa) dUrabhASa: 01332 - 273140

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Invaluable National Treasure of Ancient knowledge Jaina Manuscripts and Inscriptions: An Overview (The two memorial lectures delivered on the auspicious occasion of the first centenary celebrations of Siddhantacharya Pt. Phoolchandra Shastri regarding the origin and development of Indian Manuscripts, the ancient writing materials, types of Manuscripts, types of scripts, contribution of Jaina Inscriptions, eulogies and colophons to the formation of Indian History and Culture, Jain literature written in Persian language and scripts, thousands of Indian Manuscripts preserved in European and Asian countries etc.) Prof. Dr. Raja Ram Jain, D.Lit. (Recipient of President's certificate of Honour - 2000) Ret. Professor & Head, H.D. Jain College, Aara, Bihar (Magadh University) Publisher Sidhantacharya Pt. Phool Chandra Shastri Foundation Roorkee - 247 667 (Uttrakhand) and Shri Ganesh Varni Digambar Jain Sansthan Naria, Varanasi - 221 005 (U.P.) 2007

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Published by: Sidhantacharya Pt. Phool Chandra Shastri Foundation, Roorkee - 247 667 (Uttrakhand) and Shree Ganesh Varni Digambar Jain Sansthan, Naria, Varanasi - 221 005 (U.P.) ISBN No.: 81-86957-48-0 First Edition: 2007 Price: Rs. 100/- only Printed at: Ajay Printers & Publishers 19, Civil Lines, Roorkee (Uttarakhand) Phone: 01332-273140

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jayadu suda devadA zramaNa paramparA meM jinavANI kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| ratnatraya - ArAdhanA kA mUla AdhAra zrutadevatA kI ArAdhanA karanA hai| darzana aura jJAna AtmA ke abhinna guNa haiN| jJAna kI ArAdhanA kA eka AdhAra zabda-zikSA bhI hai| zabdoM kI surakSA se artha surakSita hote rahate haiN| zabdoM kI sAja-saMvAra ne hI pANDulipi-lekhana aura saMrakSaNa ko bala diyA hai| eka prakAra se pANDulipi kA lekhana, saMrakSaNa, sampAdana, anuvAda Adi zrutakArya jinavANI kI sevA ke kArya hI haiN| ataH pANDulipivijJAna ko samajhanA aura samajhAnA jinavANI kA hI pracAra hai, zrutadevI kI ArAdhanA hai| deva-zAstra aura gurU isa triveNI meM zAstra ke jur3ane se pANDulipi kA jJAna-vijJAna svayameva jinavANI kA aMga bana gayA hai| jinavANI kI sevA meM tanmayatA aura purUSArthapUrvaka sudIrgha kAla se saMlagna pro. DA. rAjArAma jaina ne "jaina pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha" viSaya para jo vyAkhyAna diye haiM, ve unake dvArA kI gayI zrutasevA ke dastAveja haiN| unhoMne prAcIna jJAna-vijJAna kI amUlya dharohara ke rUpa meM pANDulipiyoM aura zilAlekhoM ke itihAsa ko rocaka zailI meM prastuta kiyA siddhAntAcArya paMNDita phUlacandra zAstrI phAuMDezana, rUr3akI evaM zrI gaNeza varNI digambara jaina saMsthAna, vArANasI dvArA prakAzita hone vAlI pro. DA. rAjArAma jaina kI yaha pustaka "jaina pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha-eka parizIlana" bhArata kI prAcIna pANDulipiyoM ke saMrakSaNa, sampAdana evaM prakAzana ke kSetra meM kAryarata vidvAnoM ke lie jJAnavarddhaka evaM preraNAspada hai| isase prAkRta ke prAcIna zilAlekhoM ke mahattva para bhI prakAza par3atA hai| naI pIr3hI ke vidvAna pANDulipi-sampAdana ke kArya ko pramukhatA dekara isameM juTeM to deza kI sAMskRtika virAsata prakAza meM A sakegI aura vidvAnoM kA jJAna bhI bahu AyAmI bnegaa| isa pustaka dvArA pro. DA. rAjArAma jaina ne aura isakI prakAzaka saMsthA ne jainavidyA ke adhyayana ko nissandeha hI eka nayI dizA dI hai| ataH donoM hI badhAI ke pAtra haiN| inheM maMgala saadhuvaad| 10 jUna, 2007, zrutapaMcamI svasti cArukIrti bhaTTAraka svAmI jI zravaNabelagolA

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prakAzakIya pANDulipiyA~ (Manuscripts) kisI bhI samAja kI samunnata pratibhA evaM saMskRti kI paricAyikA mAnI jAtI haiN| jisa prakAra purAtAtvika sAmagrI (Archaeological Remains) evaM zilAlekha (Inscriptions) kisI bhI deza ke itihAsa ke nirmANa ke liye prAmANika tathya prastuta karate haiM, usI prakAra pANDulipiyA~ bhI bhUta-lakSI-prabhAva se samakAlIna itihAsa evaM saMskRti ko citrita karane hetu bahuAyAmI sAmagrI kA varadAna detI haiN| prAcya jaina-vidyA ne apanI zreSThatA, maulikatA tathA guNavattA ke kAraNa pichalI lagabhaga 3 sadiyoM se vizva ke bhAratIya prAcya-vidyA ke premI vidvAnoM ko AkarSita kiyA hai| 16vI-20vI sadI meM isa dizA meM jo vividha pakSIya zodha-kArya hue haiM, ve to nizcaya hI Azcaryajanaka haiN| hama jarmanI, phrAMsa, briTena, iTalI, Adi ke prAcya bhAratIya vidyAvidoM ke sadA AbhArI raheMge, jinhoMne jainadharma kI prAcInatA evaM maulikatA ko siddha kara usakI svataMtra sattA para prakAza DAlakara usakI gauravapUrNa paramparAoM ko mukhara kiyaa| yahI nahIM, unhoMne prAcIna jaina pANDulipiyoM kA gahana adhyayana kara unakA sampAdana, anuvAda evaM samIkSAtmaka adhyayana prastuta kara bhAratIya prAcya-vidyA ke zodhArthiyoM kA mArgadarzana bhI kiyA hai| hama pro.DaoN. rAjArAma jaina ke vizeSa AbhArI haiM, jinhoMne prArambhika lekhanopakaraNasAmagriyoM ke udbhava evaM vikAsa para rocaka sAmagrI prastuta karate hue prAcIna jaina pANDulipiyoM evaM zilAlekhoM kA sarasa evaM rocaka bhASA-zailI meM unake mahatva para apane zodhaparaka do vyAkhyAnoM ke mAdhyama se prakAza DAlakara naI pIr3hI ko isa kSetra meM zodhakArya karane kI utsAhavardhaka preraNA dI hai| ___ AcArya kundakunda-puraskAra sahita akhila bhAratIya stara ke 13 puraskAroM se puraskRta, rASTrapati sahasrAbdI sammAna-puraskAra se sammAnita tathA lagabhaga 34 graMthoM ke lekhaka-sampAdaka pro. jaina san 1656 se hI pANDulipiyoM ke uddhAra tathA sampAdana-kAryoM meM vyasta rahe haiN| isa kSetra meM unakA gambhIra adhyayana evaM anubhava hai| ataH jaba dhavala, jayadhavala, mahAdhavala jaisI Agamika-TIkA sambandhI pANDulipiyoM ke anuvAdaka sampAdaka paM. phUlacanda jI zAstrI ke zatAbdi-samAroha ko sArthaka banAne hetu unakI niyamita vArSika smAraka vyAkhyAna-mAlA kA prasaMga AyA to samAroha-samiti ne unake (zraddheya paM. phUlacandra jI zAstrI ke) hI parama bhakta evaM vizvasta karmaTha ziSya tathA san 1977 se zrI gaNeza varNI digambara jaina saMsthAna ke vibhinna padoM para kArya karate A rahe pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jI jaina ko pANDulipiyoM se saMbaMdhita hI do vyAkhyAna prastuta karane hetu AmaMtrita kiyaa| vyAkhyAna ke viSaya kI gambhIratA ko dekhate hue yadyapi unheM samaya bahuta kama diyA gayA, phira bhI unhoMne samiti ke nimaMtraNa ko saharSa svIkAra kiyA tathA pANDulipiyoM se saMbaMdhita prAyaH sabhI pakSoM para unhoMne sarasa evaM rocaka zailI meM

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apane zodha-paraka do vyAkhyAna prastuta kara saMsthAna ko kRtArtha kiyA, isa kAraNa phAuNDezana tathA saMsthAna donoM hI unake atyanta AbhArI haiN| merA yaha saubhAgya rahA ki pro. rAjArAma jI ke rUr3akI Agamana para san 2005 meM maiMne unake sAtha baiThakara isa pustaka kA AdyopAMta vAcana kiyaa| isa vyAkhyAna mAlA kI adhyakSatA pro. Ara. sI. zarmA (nidezaka, jJAna pravAha) ne kI tathA viziSTa atithi kA sthAna pro. paramAnanda siMha (itihAsa vibhAgAdhyakSa, kAzI vidyApITha) ne suzobhita kiyaa| ina manISI vidvAnoM ne bhI pANDulipiyoM evaM zilAlekhoM ko bhAratIya prAcya-vidyA kI amUlya dharohara batalAte hue DaoN. jaina ke vyAkhyAnoM kI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA karate hue unheM naI pIr3hI ke zodha-kAryoM ke liye prakAza-stambha btlaayaa| anya upasthita vidvAnoM meM aneka sAdhviyA~, zravaNabelagola ke bhaTTAraka-ziSya, tathA kAzI hindu vizva vidyAlaya evaM syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, pArzvanAtha jaina zodha saMsthAna, kAzI vidyApITha Adi ke zodha padAdhikAriyoM, zodhArthiyoM, tathA prAdhyApakoM ke atirikta anya pratiSThita nAgarika jijJAsu mahilAe~ evaM zrotAgaNa bhI upasthita the aura sabhI ne vyAkhyAnoM kA suruci pUrvaka rasAsvAdana kiyA, jisase phAuNDezana tathA saMsthAna donoM ne apane sArasvata-prayatna ko saphala evaM sArthaka maanaa| anta meM maiM zrI jagannAtha saMskRta vizva vidyAlaya purI (ur3IsA) ke pUrva-kulapati tathA antarrASTriya khyAti prApta pro.satyavrata jI zAstrI, naI dillI ke prati vizeSa rupa se AbhAra vyakta karatA hU~, jinhoMne ativyasta rahate hue bhI samaya nikAlakara prastuta grantha kA mUlyAMkana kiyA tathA usake liye purovAk likhakara usake mahatva ko vRddhigata kiyaa| hama pro.DaoN.(zrImatI) vidyAvatI jaina ke bhI AbhArI haiM, jinhoMne asvastha rahate hue bhI usakI zabdAnukramaNikA (Index) taiyAra kara grantha ko sarvAMgINa banAne meM yogadAna kiyaa| pro. (DA.) phUlacandra jI premI vyAkhyAnamAlA kA saMyojana zurU se hI kuzalatApUrvaka karate A rahe haiM, ataH hama sabhI unake AbhArI haiN| pro. (DA.) kamaleza kumAra jaina tathA zrI khuzAlacanda jI siMghaI saMsthAna ke kAryoM meM satat sahayogI rahate haiM, ataH ve bhI dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiN| prAcya bhAratIya itihAsa ke nirmANa ke liye atimahattvapUrNa prAmANika sAmagrI mAne jAne para bhI yaha vidhA abhI taka upekSita athavA prAyaH achUtI hI rahI hai aura merI dRSTi se usa dizA meM yaha grantha prathama prakAza-kiraNoM ke rUpa meM pratiSThita hogA tathA isase prerita hokara isa zrRMkhalA meM Age bhI isI prakAra ke zodha-kArya hote raheMge, aisA mujhe pUrNa vizvAsa hai| isI AzA evaM vizvAsa ke sAtha, sAdara 3e-10, hila vyU apArTamenTa azoka kumAra jaina AI.AI.TI. parisara rur3akI - 247 667 (uttarAkhaNDa)

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prAkkathana jaina vidyA ke marmajJa vidvAn pro. rAjArAma jaina dvArA viracita "jaina pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha" zIrSaka grantha kA vidvatsamAja ko paricaya dete samaya mujhe vizeSa Ananda kA anubhava ho rahA hai| unhoMne sitambara 26-30, 2001 I. meM isa viSaya para zrI gaNeza varNI jaina zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI meM do vyAkhyAna diye the, unheM hI kiJcit parivardhita kara unhoMne prastuta grantha ke rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA hai| isameM unakI lagabhaga arddhazatAbdI kA pANDulipi viSayaka anveSaNa-anusaMdhAna kA anubhava samAhita hai| grantha meM sthAna-sthAna para unhoMne aneka kAraNoM se pANDulipiyoM ke samyak saMrakSaNa ke abhAva meM unake lupta hone, videziyoM dvArA bhArata ke bAhara le jAne evaJca unake jarjara ho jAne kA ullekha kiyA hai aura isakA ullekha karate-karate apane mana kI vyathA ko vyakta kiyA hai, jo na kevala unakI apitu, Aja bhAratIya vidyA ke pratyeka adhyetA ke mana kI vyathA hai| __jo bIta gayA so bIta gyaa| aba jo bacA hai, use surakSita rakhanA hI hamArI prAthamikatA hai| isa sandarbha meM pro. rAjArAma jaina ne katipaya mahatvapUrNa sujhAva (pR. 76-81) die haiM, jinakA zIghrAtizIghra kAryAnvayana Avazyaka hai| Aja bhI lAkhoM kI saMkhyA meM pANDulipiyA~ zAstra-bhaNDAgAroM meM hI nahIM, logoM ke gharoM meM bhI bikharI par3I haiM, jinakI kisI ko jAnakArI bhI nahIM hai, unake sUcIkaraNa kI to bAta hI kyA ? yaha kArya eka vyakti kA nahIM, eka saMsthA kA bhI nahIM, samUce rASTra kA hai| ye samasta pANDulipiyA~ rASTra kI amUlya nidhi haiM aura jaisA ki pro. rAjArAma jaina ne prastuta grantha meM batAyA hai, aneka prakAra kI AdhyAtmika aura dArzanika jAnakArI ke sAtha-sAtha aitihAsika aura bhaugolika jAnakArI ke prAmANika srota bhI haiN| isa viSaya meM vizeSa ullekhanIya haiM inakI puSpikAe~ aura prazastiyA~, jinameM lekhakoM ne apane samaya ke rAjAoM-mahArAjAoM, sAmantoM, mantriyoM tathA zreSThiyoM kA ullekha karane ke sAtha apane se pUrvavartI evaM samasAmayika manISiyoM-vicArakoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| pANDulipiyoM ke mAdhyama se upalabdha jAnakArI bhArata kI sudIrgha itihAsa evaM bhUgola ke anudghATita evaM alpodghATita pakSoM ko udghATita kara sakatI hai| yaha santoSa kI bAta hai ki jaina-paramparA ne graMtha-lekhana para vizeSa bala diyaa| 'zataM vada mA likha mA likha kI dhAraNA ko isane nahIM apnaayaa| graMtha likhanA, likhavAnA, pratilipiyA~ banavAnA tathA unheM pAThakoM ko upahAra rUpa meM denA, isameM puNyadAyI mAnA gayA hai| isa viSaya meM rAjArAma jI ne ullekha kiyA hai puSpadanta kI mahApurANa kI prazasti kA, jisameM kahA gayA hai ki bharata evaM nanna ke rAjamahaloM meM sAhityakAroM ke sAtha-sAtha pratilipikAra bhI pratilipiyoM kA kArya karate the| yahI kAraNa thA ki ativizAla jaina pANDulipi-vAGmaya apane deza meM bana gyaa| videzI

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AkrAmakoM ne to jo kiyA so kiyA hI, hamArI asAvadhAnI, ajJAnatA aura udAsInatA bhI isa vAGmaya ko samyak, surakSita na rakha pAne meM kAraNa bniiN| anyathA boroM meM bhara kara pANDulipiyoM ko jalasamAdhi dene kI kalpanA bhI isa deza meM nahIM ho sakatI thI 1 aneka bAra yaha bhI dekhane meM AyA hai ki loga apane gharoM meM rakhI pANDulipiyoM ko kisI ko denA nahIM cAhate, citra - pratilipi banAne ke liye bhI nahIM 1 lAla vastroM meM baMdhI sAmagrI unake yahA~ purakhoM se calI A rahI hai| vaha unake yahA~ par3I rahanI cAhiye-yadi vaha unake yahA~ se calI jAyegI to kahIM unakA koI aniSTa na ho jAe, isaliye ve unheM kisI ko denA nahIM caahte| isakA eka upAya hai ki unake yahA~ jA-jAkara unakI pANDulipiyoM kI citra pratilipi, mAikrophilma banA lI jAe / vizeSajJa Avazyaka sAdhana-sAmagrI ke sAtha vahA~ jAkara isa kArya ko sampanna kreN| nepAla kI pANDulipiyoM ke viSaya meM yahI paddhati apanAI gaI / jarmana-sarakAra dvArA saJcAlita isa vyavasthA ke arntagata pANDulipi kI tIna pratiyA~ banAyI gyii| eka prati usa vyakti ko dI gaI, jisake yahA~ se pANDulipi upalabdha huI, dUsarI barlina (jarmanI) ke granthAlaya meM bheja dI gaI aura tIsarI kAThamANDU ke granthAlaya ko arpita kara dI gii| isa paddhati se nepAla kI samasta pANDulipiyoM kI mAikrophilma taiyAra kI gaI / yaha paddhati bhArata kI pANDulipiyoM ke viSaya meM bhI apanAI jA sakatI hai| kiJca, aneka bAra yaha tarka diyA jAtA hai ki sabhI pANDulipiyoM kI citra- pratilipi banAne kI kyA AvazyakatA hai| eka hI grantha kI aneka pANDulipiyA~ ho sakatI haiN| ataH grantha para bala denA cAhie, usakI pANDulipi para nahIM / yahA~ yaha prazna hogA ki grantha ke svarUpa nirdhAraNa ke liye aneka pANDulipiyoM meM kise grahaNa kiyA jAe ? pATha-yojanA ke liye sabhI pANDulipiyoM kA avalokana Avazyaka hai| usI ke AdhAra para grantha kA prAmANika saMskaraNa sambhava hai / isa dRSTi se pratyeka pANDulipi mahattvapUrNa hai| eka samaya thA, jaba bhArata meM pANDulipiyoM kI khoja aura unake saMgraha ke liye pANDulipi-saMgrahakartA, zAsana kI ora se niyukta kiye jAte the| unake mAdhyama se pANDulipiyA~ pANDulipi saMgrahAlayoM meM sugrahIta huii| usI taraha kI paddhati vartamAna- zAsana ko bhI apanAnI cAhie / ina paMktiyoM kA lekhaka jaba ur3IsA meM thA, vahA~ ke pracura pANDulipi - vAGmaya kI prasiddhi ke kAraNa pANDulipiyoM kI khoja kI lalaka usake mana meM jgii| isake lie usane eka yojanA bnaaii| jisa vizva vidyAlaya meM vaha kulapati thA, usake sAtha 66 vidyAlaya-mahAvidyAlaya sambaddha the / usane socA ki una vidyAlayoM-mahAvidyAlayoM ke prAcAryoM se anurodha kiyA jAe ki apane-apane kSetroM meM jahA~ ye saMsthAe~ haiM, ve patA lagAyeM ki kina-kina ke yahA~ pANDulipiyA~ haiM aura isakI jAnakArI ve vizvavidyAlaya ko preSita kreN| isase binA vyaya ke yA atyalpa vyaya se hI apekSita jAnakArI prApta ho skeNgii| isa taraha kI paddhati anya vizva vidyAlayoM meM bhI apanAI jA sakatI hai|

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briTiza rAja ke dinoM meM aura svatantratA prApti ke prArambhika kucha varSoM taka bhI pIeca.DI. Adi upAdhiyoM ke liye zodha hetu pANDulipi rUpa meM sthita kisI grantha ke AlocanAtmaka bhUmikA sahita saMskaraNa-sampAdana-kArya ko viSaya rUpa meM tattad vizva vidyAlayoM dvArA svIkRta kiyA jAtA thaa| kevala svIkRta hI nahIM kiyA jAtA thA apitu zodhArthiyoM ko isa uddhAra kA kArya karane ke liye protsAhita bhI kiyA jAtA thaa| para idhara kucha naI hI havA bahane lagI hai| isa prakAra ke kArya ko zodha hI nahIM mAnA jAne lagA hai| jabaki asalI zodha yahI hai| jo grantha prakAza meM hI nahIM AyA, usakA aneka pANDulipiyoM kI sahAyatA se prAmANika pATha sthira karane aura usakI samIkSAtmaka bhUmikA likhane ke liye zodhArthI ko kitanA parizrama karanA par3atA hai aura kitanI sUjhabUjha use isameM lagAnI par3atI hai, yaha koI bhuktabhogI hI jAna sakatA hai| isaliye Avazyaka hai, havA kI dizA badalI jaae| pro. rAjArAma jaina ne mahAkavi puSpadanta, vibudha zrIdhara, raidhU Adi aneka sAhityakAroM kA ullekha apanI isa kRti meM kiyA hai| unakI kucha kRtiyA~ to prakAzita huI haiM, kucha abhI aprakAzita haiN| isa paMktiyoM ke lekhaka kA sujhAva hai ki eka-eka sAhityakAra ko lekara usakA samaya, vAGmaya, prakAzita athavA aprakAzita, eka sthAna para granthamAlA ke rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA jaae| isase kama se kama una manISiyoM kA, jo bhAratIya manISA ke staMbha haiM, vAGmaya to prakAza meM A jaaegaa| sabase bar3I kaThinAI isa samaya yaha hai ki dizAe~ aneka haiM, kAma karane vAle kama haiN| jaina samAja sAdhana upalabdha karAne ke mAdhyama se yadi kucha vidvAnoM ko isa kArya ke liye prerita kara sake, to vaha apane dAyitva kA nirvAha hI kregaa| ___ "jaina pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha" pANDulipi ke kSetra meM eka mahattvapUrNa avadAna hai| isameM aneka bhUlI-bisarI kRtiyoM kI mahattvapUrNa jAnakArI hai| isa jAnakArI ko prastuta kara apane deza ke mUrghanya manISI pANDulipi-zAstra ke ananya vidvAn pro. rAjArAma jaina ne vidvatsamAja kA jo upakAra kiyA hai, use zabdoM kI paridhi meM sameTa pAnA sambhava nhiiN| naI dillI 03 pharavarI, 2004 satyavrata zAstrI mAnada AcArya, viziSTa saMskRta adhyayana kendra javAharalAla neharU vizvavidyAlaya, naI dillI, pUrva kulapati, saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, purI (ur3IsA)

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do zabda maiM paNDita-ziromaNi paM. phUlacandrajI siddhAMta zAstrI kI pAvana-smRti meM sthApita siddhAMtAcArya paM. phUlacandra zAstrI phAuNDezana kI prabaMdhakAriNI samiti, rur3akI (uttarAkhaNDa) tathA gaNeza varNI digambara jaina, saMsthAna, vArANasI (uttara pradeza) ke maMtrI pro. DaoN. azoka kumAra jaina ke prati apanA sAdara AbhAra vyakta karatA hU~, jinhoMne paM. phUlacandrajI ke zatAbdI samAroha-varSa ke krama meM Ayojita smAraka vyAkhyAna-mAlA ke liye mujhe vArANasI meM 26-30 sitambara 2001 ko sAnurodha AmaMtrita kiyaa| zraddheya paNDita phUlacandra jI 20vIM sadI ke jaina sAhitya-nirmAtAoM evaM dhavala, mahAdhavala tathA jayadhavala saMbaMdhI pANDulipiyoM ke uddhAraka, anuvAdaka evaM samIkSaka vidvAnoM meM prathama paMkti ke agra puruSa the| merA yaha saubhAgya thA ki mujhe san 1645 se lekara unake jIvanakAla ke anta taka unakA sneha evaM ghanA AzIrvAda prApta rhaa| ataH unakI pAvana-smRti meM ukta vyAkhyAna-mAlA ke mAdhyama se mujhe unake prati apane zraddhA-sumana arpita karane kA saubhAgya prApta huA, isase merA mana kRtakRtya aura atyaMta pramudita hai| dhavalA-TIkA ke aMgrejIkaraNa karane-karAne ke liye dRr3ha pratijJa pro. DaoN. azoka kumAra jaina, jo ki svayaM bhautikI-zAstra viSaya ke antarrASTriya khyAti ke vicAraka vidvAn hote hue bhI zramaNa jaina-vidyA ke rasika hI nahIM, apitu isa kSetra meM bhI anya kucha vizeSa yogadAna dene kA saMkalpa kiye hue haiM, ke prati bhI maiM punaH apanA AbhAra vyakta karatA hU~ ki jinhoMne mujhe pANDulipiyoM kI khoja evaM sampAdana-mUlyAMkana saMbaMdhI apane anubhavoM evaM vicAroM ko vyakta karane ke liye eka sArasvata-maMca pradAna kiyaa| 01 pharavarI, 2004 bI-5/40 sI, sekTara 34 dhavalagiri po. noeDA - 201 307 (yU.pI.) pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina pUrva-prophesara evaM adhyakSa saMskRta evaM prAkRta vibhAga (magadha vizva vidyAlaya sevAntargata), ha.dA.jaina kaoNleja, ArA (bihAra)

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viSayAnukrama prAkkathana - pro. DaoN. satyavrata zAstrI prakAzakIya - pro. DaoN. azoka kumAra jaina lekhaka ke do zabda - pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina viSayAnukrama / / 5AFF / / / grantha-viSaya zabdAnukramaNikA sandarbha grantha sUcI / / / / pANDulipiyoM kA mahatvaH pANDulipiH usakI AvazyakatA, prAdurbhAva evaM vikAsa pANDulipiyoM kI lekhanopakaraNa-sAmagrI I.pU. kI sadiyoM meM bhojapatra, tAr3apatra evaM kAgaja ke prayoga -bhojapatra prayoga -tAr3apatra prayoga tAr3apatrIya pANDulipiyoM kA AkRti mUlaka vargIkaraNa -gaNDI -kacchapI -muSTi -saMpuTaka -sRpATikA/sampuTaphalaka athavA cheda rAjapraznIya-sUtra meM varNita pANDulipi kI saMracanA -kAgaja kI pANDulipiyA~ -kAgaja nirmANa-gharelU udyoga dhaMdhA -kAgaja kI sacitra pANDulipiyA~ bhAratIya prAcya-lipiyoM (Scripts) -brAhmI-lipi-pANDulipiyA~ -kharoSThI-lipi-pANDulipiyA~ -prAdezika, kUTalekhana evaM rahasyapUrNa lipiyA~ -AkrAntAoM ke nAma para pracalita lipiyA~ -brAhmI tathA kharoSThI-lipi meM prAcIna mUla-pANDulipiyA~ anupalabdha -hUNa-lipi, khAsyalipi Adi -ardhamAgadhI AgamoM meM varNita vividha lipiyA~ / / / / / / / / / / / 100 w www 9 9 9 9 Us wwer / / / / / / / / / /

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-lalita-vistarA meM varNita vividha lipiyA~ jaina sAhitya lekhana-paramparA -zvetAmbara-paramparA -digambara-paramparA pANDulipi kA prArambhika rupa-zilAlekha evaM unakA mahatva -khAravela-zilAlekha evaM usakA aitihAsika mahatva -karnATaka ke jaina-zilAlekha -karnATaka ke jaina kendra -karnATaka ke mahAna sAhityakAra -karnATaka ke jaina senApati gaMga-vaMza aura usake saMsthApaka AcArya siMhanandi -rASTrakUTa-vaMza -karnATaka kI yazasvinI mahilAe~ hoyasala-vaMza ke saMsthApaka sudatta-vardhamAna -dakSiNa kA cAlukya-vaMza -ghaTyAlA (jodhapura) kA kakkuka-zilAlekha jaina-pANDulipiyoH tAr3apatrIya evaM kargalIya prazastiyoM meM upalabdha kucha rocaka sAmagrI -kucha upalabdha mahatvapUrNa jaina-pANDulipiyA~ samrATa zAhajahA~ kI 24 hajAra priya pANDulipiyA~ jaina pANDulipiyoM kA prAcya phArasI bhASA meM anuvAda muslima bAdazAhoM dvArA jaina-lekhakoM kA sammAna phArasI bhASA meM likhita RSabha-stotra hamArA vismRta athavA truTita pANDulipi-sAhitya prakAzita kucha pANDulipi-sUciyA~ videzoM meM bhAratIya pANDulipiyA~ mAsko (rUsa) ke prAcya zAstra bhaNDAroM meM surakSita jaina pANDulipiyoM kI sUcI vividha sandarbho se jJAta aitihAsika mUlya kI lupta-vilupta athavA anupalabdha kucha pramukha jaina pANDulipiyA~ bhAratIya vAGmaya kA aitihAsika mUlya kA eka gaurava-graMtha -kAtantra vyAkaraNa evaM -pAsaNAhacariu Adi jaina-pANDulipiyoM ke prakAzana meM gaNeza varNI digambara jaina zodha-saMsthAna kA yogadAna

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-devIdAsa-vilAsa -bhadrabAhu cANakya candragupta kathAnaka bhaugolika dRSTi se pANDulipiyoM kA mahatva apabhraMza-pANDulipiyoM meM varNita kucha rocaka tathya samasyApUrti paramparA samAja meM kaviyoM evaM lekhakoM ke liye AzrayadAna kaviyoM ke liye sArvajanika sammAna jaina sAhitya tathA jaina-pANDulipiyoM ke lekhana meM kAyastha - vidvAnoM kA yogadAna vyaktiyoM ke nAma rakhane kI manoraMjaka ghaTanA pANDulipiyoM ke pratilipi-kArya kA mahatva pANDulipiyoM kA durbhAgya pANDulipiyoM ke lekhakoM dvArA dI gaI cetAvaniyA~ tathA unakI vinamra prArthanAe~ pANDulipiyoM kI surakSA kaise kI jAye pANDulipiyoM kI khoja jitanI kaThina hai, usase bhI adhika kaThina hai unakA prakAzana sarasvatI-putra (paM.phUlacandra jI siddhAMta zAstrI) kI zatAbdI varSa kI puNyaH smRti meM .

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha prAcIna jJAna-vijJAna kI amUlya dharohara jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha pANDulipiyoM kA mahatvaH pANDulipiyA~ (arthAt aprakAzita prAcIna hastalikhita pothiyA~ athavA grantha) kisI bhI samAja evaM deza kI amUlya dharohara mAnI gaI haiM kyoMki ve unake dIrgha tapasvIsAdhaka evaM cintaka-AcArya-lekhakoM dvArA anubhUta aura paramparA-prApta jJAna-garimA kI pratIka hotI haiN| sAtha hI, unake nirantara svAdhyAya, paThana-pAThana, manana evaM ciMtana kI pravRtti, mAnasika ekAgratA, AdhyAtmika utthAna, bauddhika-vikAsa, sAMskRtika unnayana, kalAtmaka abhiruci aura sAhityika-pratibhA Adi kI paricAyikA bhI hotI haiN| yahI nahIM, unake Adi evaM anta meM upalabdha prazastiyoM (Eulogies) evaM puSpikAoM (Colophons) meM pUrvavartI athavA samakAlIna itihAsa, saMskRti, samAja evaM sAhitya tathA sAhityakAroM Adi ke ullekhoM ke kAraNa ve deza evaM samAja ke vividha pakSIya itihAsa ke lekhana tathA rASTriya akhaNDatA aura bhAvAtmaka ekatA (National Unity and Emotional Integration) kI pratIka bhI hotI haiM / rASTriya itihAsa evaM saMskRti ko sarvAMgINa banAne meM bhI unakI bhUmikA mahatvapUrNa hotI hai| inake atirikta bhI, unameM lekhana-sAmagrI meM prayukta vividha upakaraNa, (yathA-patra, kambikA, DorA, granthi, lipyAsana, chandaNa, masI, lekhanI Adi) evaM lipi kI vividha zailiyA~, citrakalA meM prayukta vividha raMga aura unakI kalAtmaka abhiruci kI abhivyakti tathA unake vikAsa kI dRSTi se bhI unakA aitihAsika mahatva hai| __ jaina-paramparA meM jinavANI ko surakSita rakhane kA mUla AdhAra hone ke kAraNa pANDulipiyoM ko prArambha se hI pUjyatA tathA vizeSa Adara-bhAva milA hai| unheM prANoM se bhI pyArI aura pavitra dharohara mAnakara jainoM ne apane tIna dainika ArAdhyoM-deva, zAstra evaM guru meM se vividha pANDulipiyoM ke rUpa meM surakSita zAstroM ko bhI samAna rUpa se pUjya mAnakara unakI surakSA ke liye prArambha se hI anekavidha prayatna kiye haiN| isake liye Andhra, karnATaka, rAjasthAna, vidarbha evaM mAlavA ke lomaharSaka udAharaNa smaraNIya haiN| pANDulipiH usakI AvazyakatA, prAdurbhAva aura vikAsa prAkRtika vipadAoM, janasaMkhyA vRddhi tathA videzI AkrAntAoM ke kAraNa sAmAjika jIvana meM astatA-vyastatA-janya sAMsArika jaTila samasyAoM ke kAraNa utpanna mAnasika asthiratA aura usake kAraNa vismRti ke utpanna hone kI AzaMkA se kaNTha-paramparA dvArA prApta jJAna ko surakSita rakhane kI AvazyakatA kA jaba anubhava kiyA gayA, taba use jina prayatnasAdhya upalabdha upakaraNoM para lipibaddha kiyA gayA, use "pANDulipi" ke nAma se

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha abhihita kiyA gyaa| isa "pANDulipi" zabda meM do padoM kA mela hai-pANDu evaM lipi, jisakA artha hai-pANDura-varNa vAle AdhAra athavA upakaraNa-pASANa athavA patra para kinhIM mAnya-saMketoM ke dvArA apekSita jJAna ko kisI vizeSa kaThora nukIle upakaraNa (lekhanI) ke dvArA utkIrNita kara athavA kisI narama lekhanI dvArA kisI vizeSa raMgIle tarala padArtha dvArA likhakara use surakSita rkhnaa| isa prakAra bhArata meM pANDulipiyoM kA prAdurbhAva huaa| gaveSakoM ke anusAra usakA kAla anumAnataH IsA-pUrva pA~cavI sadI ke AsapAsa mAnA jA sakatA hai| pANDulipiyoM kI lekhanopakaraNa - sAmagrI __ yahA~ yaha prazna uThatA hai ki pANDu athavA pANDura-varNa (pItAbha-dhavala) vAlA prArambhika AdhAra kyA rahA hogA ? isa viSaya para kyA-kyA gaveSaNAeM huI, unakI sampUrNa jAnakArI to upalabdha nahIM, kintu hamArI dRSTi se pANDulipi taiyAra karane kA prArambhika bhAratIya AdhAra pASANa thaa| IsA-pUrva pA~cavI sadI kA vaDalI (ajamera) zilAlekha tathA IsA-pUrva tRtIya sadI ke samrATa azoka tathA I0-pU0 dUsarI sadI kA khAravela-zilAlekha usake jvalanta udAharaNa haiN| khAravela-zilAlekha bhuvanezvara (ur3IsA) kI udayagiri-khaNDagiri pahAr3I para sthita hAthIgumphA meM upalabdha huA hai| DaoN. kAzIprasAda jAyasavAla ke anusAra "hAthIgumphA kA gaThana ati asAdhAraNa hai| usameM koI nirdiSTa AkAra nahIM hai| isameM hAthI ke cAra prakoSTha aura svataMtra barAmadA bhI thA / guphA kA bhItarI bhAga 52 phITa lambA aura 28 phITa caur3A hai| dvAra kI U~cAI 111/2 phITa hai| usI meM khAravela kA vizva-vikhyAt ukta zilAlekha milA hai| isa zilAlekha meM unakA jIvana-caritra lipibaddha huA hai| samaya-samaya para yaha zilAlekha asampUrNa ke samAna bodha detA hai|" (de. kAzI nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA 8/3 san 1628) tatpazcAt lekhanopakaraNa sAmagrI ke vikAsa kI paramparA calatI rahI aura (1) bhojapatra, (2) tAr3apatra, (3) kAgaja, (4) kapar3A, (5)kASTha-paTTikA, (6)camar3A, (7) IMTa, (8) sonA, (6) tA~bA, (10) pItala, (11) cA~dI, (12) kA~sA, (13) lohA tathA unake mizraNa se nirmita upakaraNoM meM se kucha upakaraNa, hamAre Agama-zAstroM, mantroM aura jJAna-vijJAna tathA itihAsa, saMskRti evaM sAmAjika-vicAroM ko vistRta athavA saMkSipta rUpa meM lipibaddha karane ke Thosa sAdhana bneN| ukta sAmagrI ko dekhakara yaha bhrama honA svAbhAvika hai ki pattharoM tathA dhAtuoM para likhita sAmagrI ko pANDulipi kaise mAnA jAye ? isake samAdhAna meM kevala yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki tatkAlIna sahaja upalabdha prAkRtika pANDura-varNa athavA usake samakakSa varNa vAlI vastu para aMkita, AdhAra-sAmagrI ko pANDulipi mAna liyA gyaa| bhale hI vaha patthara kI ho athavA per3oM kI chAla yA pattoM kii| usa samaya usakA pANDulipi ke rUpa meM jo nAmakaraNa huA, yaha aisA rUr3ha hotA calA gayA ki ukta sabhI to pANDulipi kahalAtI hI rahIM, vartamAna meM presa meM chapane ke liye dI jAne vAlI presa-sAmagrI yA

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jaina - pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha presa-kaoNpI bhI "pANDulipi " kahI jAne lagI / jaina-paramparA meM lekhana-kArya hetu pUrvokta AdhArabhUta sAmagriyoM meM se camar3A, IMTa evaM lohA chor3akara alpAdhika mAtrA meM ukta prAyaH samasta sAmagriyoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai / ina upakaraNoM ke ullekha prAcIna jaina-granthoM meM eka sAtha eka hI sthAna para nahIM milate, balki prAsaMgika athavA AnuSaMgika rUpa se yatra-tatra bikhare par3e haiN| unameM ina tathyoM kI sthiti lagabhaga vaisI hI hai, jisa prakAra ki samudratala meM chipe motiyoM athavA samudrI yA nadI-taToM kI bAlU meM bikhare huye sarSapa-bIjoM kI / phira bhI, ina sAmagriyoM kI khoja jitanI kaThina hai, utanI hI rocaka evaM manoraMjaka bhI / (etadviSayaka kucha saMdarbha-saMketa Age prastuta kiye jA rahe haiN)| isa dizA meM abhI ekabaddha vistRta kArya nahIM ho sakA hai, jaba ki jaina-pANDulipiyoM kI gauravazAlI aitihAsika paramparA ko vizva ke sammukha prastuta karane kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| I yaha parama gaurava kA viSaya hai ki pANDura-varNa ke pASANa para utkIrNita eka prAkRta-zilAlekha bhArata kI sambhavataH sarvaprathama likhita pANDulipi hai, jise bhagavAn mahAvIra ke parinirvANa ke 84 varSa bAda arthAt vIra nirvANa saMvat 84 ( I0pU0 443) meM unhIM kI smRti meM unake kisI zraddhAlu samAja dvArA brAhmI lipi meM utkIrNa karAyA gayA thaa| isa lekha meM kula 4 paMktiyA~ haiM, jo pASANa ke tIna ora utkIrNita haiM / isa prakAra AdhAra-sAmagrI, lipi-zailI evaM vIra - nirvANa saMvat ke spaSTa ullekha hone ke kAraNa vaha abhilekha na kevala jaina samAja ke liye gaurava kA viSaya hai, apitu hamAre rASTra ke liye aitihAsika mahatva kA eka prAmANika dastAveja bhI / jaisA ki pUrva meM batAyA jA cukA hai, vaha abhilekha ajamera (rAjasthAna) ke pAsa "vaDalI" nAmaka grAma meM milA hai| kAla ke prabhAva se vaha kucha kSatigrasta ho cukA hai, phira bhI, mahAmAnya purAtatvavettA tathA prAcya lipi-vidyA ke mahApaNDita paM. gaurIzaMkara hIrAcandra ojhA tathA DaoN. rAjabali pANDeya ne sAvadhAnI pUrvaka par3hakara use bhArata kA prAcInatama aitihAsika abhilekha batalAyA hai / kaliMga ke bhISaNa yuddha ke bAda, rAjaparivAra meM akelI jIvita tathA krodha se tamatamAyI rAjakumArI amItA kI tIvra - bhartsanA se marmAhata hokara jaba samrATa azoka kA ekAeka hRdaya-parivartana ho gayA, tabhI usane apanI raNanIti badalakara "raNayuddha" ke sthAna para "dharmayuddha" kA nArA lagAyA / tatpazcAt vizvazAnti kI kAmanA se usane sarvasulabha pItAbha-dhavala-pASANa para prAkRta bhASA evaM brAhmI tathA kharoSThI lipiyoM meM apane maMgalakArI vicAroM athavA adhyAdezoM ko TaMkita karAkara bhArata bhara meM unheM pracArita karAyA thaa| 1. vIrAya bhagavata caturAsitivasa... prAcIna bhAratIya abhilekha saMgraha khaNDa prathama (jayapura, 1682) pR. 180-181

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha IsA-pUrva dUsarI sadI ke hAthIgumphA-zilAlekha meM carcA AtI hai ki kaliMga kA cakravartI jaina samrATa khAravela 15 varSa kI Ayu meM yuvarAja-pada prApta karane ke pUrva, lekha, rUpa, gaNanA, vyavahAra evaM vidhi meM vizArada (paNDita) ho gayA thA / isa ullekha se yaha vidita hotA hai ki lekhana kI paramparA khAravela ke samaya taka zramaNa-saMskRti meM paryApta vikasita evaM sArvajanIna hone lagI thii| I.pU. kI sadiyoM meM bhojapatra,tAr3apatra evaM kAgaja ke prayoga pANDulipi taiyAra karane sambandhI paravartI upakaraNoM meM bhojapatra, tAr3apatra evaM kAgaja kA mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai| ____ bhArata meM kAgaja ke nirmANa kI sarvaprathama sUcanA yUnAnI-srotoM se milatI hai| samrATa sikandara ke senApati niArkasa (I.pU. 320 varSa) ne likhA hai ki "bhAratIya prajA ruI tathA cithar3oM ko kUTapIsa kara kAgaja banAtI hai| samrATa candragupta maurya (prathama) ke zAsanakAla meM pATaliputra meM I.pU. caturtha sadI meM etheMsa (yUnAna) ke rAjadUta ke rUpa meM Ae megAsthanIja (IsA-pUrva 305) ne bhI usakA samarthana kiyA hai| isase vidita hotA hai ki IsA-pUrva kI cauthI-tIsarI sadI meM bhArata meM kAgaja kA AviSkAra bhI ho gayA thA aura usa samaya kAgaja tathA bhojapatra donoM kA hI prayoga hone lagA thaa| kintu usakA upayoga kisane kisa prakAra kiyA, isakI jAnakArI upalabdha nahIM hotii| bhArata meM Aja I.-pU. kI kAgaja athavA bhojapatra kI koI pANDulipi upalabdha bhI nahIM hai| isakA kAraNa sambhavataH yahI rahA hogA ki ve donoM hI sar3ane-galane vAle padArtha the, ataH bahuta sambhava hai, una para likhita pANDulipiyA~ prAkRtika vipadAoM yA anya kAraNoM se naSTa ho cukI hoM ? vastutaH yaha gambhIra khoja kA viSaya hai| bhojapatra - ___ bhAratIya prAcya saMskRti meM bhojapatra ko lekhanopakaraNa kI dRSTi se zuddha evaM upayogI mAnA jAtA thaa| mahAkavi kAlidAsa ke samaya meM lekhana-sAmagrI kA sarvAdhika va suvidhAjanaka sAdhana bhojapatra hI thaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki unakI eka mahilA -pAtra-urvazI ne apane premI pururavA ko bhojapatra para premapAtI likhakara bhejI thii| vaha citakabarA thA, isIliye vidUSaka ne use sA~pa kI keMculI samajha liyA thaa| vastutaH bhojavRkSa kI bAhirI chAla meM kAgaja jaisI patalI aneka parateM hotI haiM, jinapara halke rakta -varNa kI cittiyA~ rahatI haiN| isI kAraNa ve sA~pa kI keMculI ke samAna dikhAI detI haiN| vaha bahuta hI sukumAra hotA hai, isIliye kucha vanaspati-zAstriyoM ne bhojavRkSa ko bahuta hI garmIlA aura kAntA-sadRza kahA hai| .. tato lekha-rUpa-gaNanA-vyavahAra-vidhi-visAradena sabavijAvadAtena navavasAni yovarAja - 'sitaM-(khAravela-zilAlekha paMkti-2)

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha __ itihAsakAroM ke anusAra prAcInakAla meM dastAveja Adi bhI bhojapatra para hI likhe jAte the| isIliye use (dastAveja ko) saMskRta meM bhUrjam bhI kahate haiN| isI AdhAra para use bhoja kahane lge| tIsarI sadI (IsvIM) meM bhojapatroM para likhita dhammapada-grantha bhI turkistAna meM milA thaa| avibhAjita kAzmIra ke gilagita ke samIpavartI naupura grAma meM bhI san 1631 ke AsapAsa aneka bhojapatrIya pANDulipiyA~ bhUmi meM gar3I huI eka peTikA meM eka caravAhe ko milI thiiN| gilagita meM milane ke kAraNa una pANDulipiyoM kA nAmakaraNa bhI gilagita-mainyuskripTsa par3a gyaa| inheM chaThavIM-sAtavIM sadI (IsvIM) kA batAyA jAtA hai| itihAsa kI dRSTi se inakA vizeSa mahatva hai| - bhojapatra ko saMskRta meM lekhyavRkSa bhI kahate haiM kyoMki prAcInakAla meM jJAnarAzi ko aMkita karane ke liye sukumAra hone ke kAraNa bhojavRkSa kI chAloM ko kAma meM lAyA jAtA thaa| use pavitra mAnakara dhArmika kAryoM tathA janma-patrI Adi banAne meM bhI usI kA prayoga kiyA jAtA thaa| bhUta-preta Adi kI bAdhAoM se bacane ke liye mantrAdi likhakara unheM tAvIja meM rakhakara bA~dhA jAtA thaa| Aja bhI usake prati samAja meM vahI vizvAsa hai| bhArata meM bhoja-vRkSa himAlaya kI ThaNDI coTiyoM para milate haiN| Adhunika vanaspati-zAstra meM ise betulA atilisa DI-Dauna kahate haiN| saMskRta meM use bhUrja (bhUH UrjAH asya, UrjaH bala prANamayoH) kahate haiN| aMgrejI meM vahI barca yA jarmana bhASA meM barcA yA barka kahalAtA hai| lithuAniyana meM "verajasa" aura slAvoniyana meM use brejA kahate haiN| ye sabhI zabda bhUrja zabda se mela khAte haiN| bhojavRkSa kI naukAe~ bhI bahuta halkI kintu Thosa banatI thiiN| purAkAla meM bhojapatra ke kapar3e bhI banAye jAte the| __ Ayurveda ke suprasiddha grantha meM ise kuSThanAzaka tathA meha, pANDu, kapha tathA meda ko naSTa karane vAlA batAyA gayA hai| ise vividha davAoM ke banAne ke kAma meM bhI lAyA jAtA hai| bhoja-vRkSa kI do jAtiyA~ hotI haiM-(1) viTulA-yUTilisa aura (2) vittulaaelnoyddis| inameM se prathama jAti kA bhojavRkSa himAlaya kI U~cI coTiyoM para tathA dUsarI jAti kA bhojavRkSa kama U~cAI kI pahAr3iyoM para utpanna hote haiN| IsvI san ke prAraMbhika varSoM meM bhI sambhavataH bhojapatra para pANDulipiyA~ likhI jAtI rhiiN| aisA vidita huA hai ki una para likhita bauddhoM evaM vaidikoM kI kucha prAcIna pANDulipiyA~ bhI upalabdha huI haiM, kintu saMbhavataH jainiyoM kI nhiiN| himavanta-therAvalI ke eka ullekha ke anusAra samrATa khAravela ke pAsa bhojapatra para likhita eka jaina-pothI thI, yadyapi prAcya vidyAvid munizrI puNyavijaya jI ne ukta ullekha ko kevala kalpanAdhArita hI batalAyA hai | 3. prA.bhA.zra.saM.pra.4

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha bhojapatra para likhita kucha bhAratIya pANDulipiyA~ pUnA, lAhaura, kalakattA, tibbata, landana, AksaphorDa, viyenA evaM barlina ke granthAgAroM meM surakSita haiM, kintu pro.esa. ema. kAtre ke anusAra ve 15vIM sadI IsvI ke pUrva kI nahIM haiM | tAr3apatra-prayoga prAcIna kAla meM pANDulipiyoM ke lie tAr3apatra sabase adhika suvidhA janaka mAnA gyaa| kyoMki eka to vaha TikAU hotA thA, dUsare, usakI lambAI evaM caur3AI paryApta hotI thii| pattoM kI donoM nasoM ke bIca ke bhAga ko AvazyakatAnusAra kATa kara unheM pAnI meM bhigo diyA jAtA thaa| phira, unheM sukhAkara kauMr3I, zaMkha yA kisI cikane patthara se ragar3akara use cikanA banA-banAkara, usa para kAjU ke tela kA lepa kiyA jAtA thaa| tatpazcAt kisI nukIle upakaraNa se usa para khoda-khodakara likhA jAtA thaa| isa prakriyA meM kASThapaTTikA para akSara khodakara syAhI lipe huye tAr3apatra para unheM chApa diyA jAtA thA, yaha paddhati uttara-bhArata meM pracalita thii| lekhanI se tAr3apatra para pahale akSara ukera kara phira unameM kAlA raMga bhara diyA jAtA thA, yaha prakriyA dakSiNa bhArata meM pracalita thii| 5 cInI-yAtrI hyanatsAMga ke anusAra buddha ke parinirvANa ke bAda I. pU. tIsarI sadI meM jaba vaizAlI meM dvitIya bauddha-saMgIti huI, taba tripiTika kA lekhana tAr3a-patroM para hI kiyA gayA thA / kintu ve mUla pANDulipiyA~ vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM haiN| vartamAna meM bhArata meM jo bhI tAr3apatrIya pANDulipiyA~ milatI haiM, ve 11vI 12vIM sadI ke pUrva kI nahIM haiM / isake pUrva kI pANDulipiyA~ yA to naSTa ho gaIM, athavA videzoM meM le jAI gaIM hoMgI / vastutaH yaha gambhIra khoja kA viSaya hai| tAr3apatrIya pANDulipiyoM kA AkRti-mUlaka vargIkaraNa tAr3apatra do prakAra ke hote haiM-(1) kharatAr3a, jo alpakAla meM hI caTakane lagatA hai| vaha rAjasthAna, gujarAta evaM sindha meM pAyA jAtA hai, aura (2) zrItADa, jo myAMmAra (barmA) evaM dakSiNa-bhArata meM pAyA jAtA thA aura pANDulipiyoM ke likhane ke liye anukUla mAnA jAtA thaa| dazavaikAlika hAribhadrIya-TIkA meM tAr3apatrIya pANDulipiyoM kI rocaka jAnakArI dI gaI hai| usameM unakA 5 prakAra se AkRtimUlaka-vargIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai (1) gaMDI- jo caur3AI, lambAI evaM moTAI meM samAna (Rectangular) ho| (2) kacchapI- jo kachuve ke samAna madhya meM vistIrNa tathA prArambha evaM anta meM 8. Introduction to Indian Textual Criticism P.5 5. pAThAlocana ke siddhAMta- kanhaiyA siMha pR. 242 6. vahI0 7. vahI0 8. vahI. 6. prA.bhA.zra.saM.pR.5

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha patalI ho| (3) muSTi- jo lambAI meM cAra aMgula athavA vRttAkAra ho athavA cAra aMgula lambI tathA cAra konoM vAlI ho| (4) saMpuTaka- jo do kASTha-phalakoM meM ba~dhI huI ho| aura, (5) sRpATikA/sampuTaphalaka athavA cheda-pATI - jo patalI kintu vistRta ho aura jo AkAra meM coMca ke samAna ho| tAr3apatra kI ina pANDulipiyoM ko "potthayaM" bhI kahA gayA hai- jisakA artha hai-pothI athavA pustaka athavA dhArmika graMtha / rAjapraznIya-sUtra meM tAr3apatrIya pANDulipi kI saMracanA ke viSaya meM sundara varNana milatA hai| usake anusAra sUryAbhadeva ke vyavasAya-sabhA-bhavana (Auditorium for Business Meetings) meM eka aisI pANDulipi surakSita thI, jisake Age-pIche ke AvaraNa pRSTha (puDhe) riSTaratna se jaTita the, jisakI kambikA (Upara tathA nIce kI ora lagI lakar3I kI paTTI) riSTa nAmaka ratnoM se jaTita thI, jo taptasvarNa se baneM Dore, nAnA maNi jaTita granthI, vaiDUrya-maNi dvArA nirmita lipyAsana (arthAt davAta), riSTa nAmaka ratna dvArA nirmita usakA Dhakkana, zuddha svarNa-nirmita zrRMkhalA, riSTaratna dvArA nirmita syAhI, bajaratna dvArA nirmita lekhanI aura riSTaratnamaya akSaroM dvArA likhita dharmalekha se yukta thI 10 / ___ ukta varNana meM atizayokti pratIta nahIM hotii| kyoMki vartamAna meM bhI usI prakAra kI ratnajaTita kucha kargalIya amUlya jaina pANDulipiyA~ jaina zAstra-bhaNDAroM, evaM jainetara pANDulipiyA~ jainetara zAstra-bhaNDAroM meM surakSita haiN| tAr3apatra kI pratiyA~ AkRti meM choTI-bar3I sabhI prakAra kI milatI haiN| usakI sabase lambI prati AcArya prabhAcandra kRta prameyakamalamArtaNDa kI hai, jo jaina-nyAya kA sarvotkRSTa grantha mAnA gayA hai| vaha 37 iMca lambI hai, jo pATana (gujarAta) ke eka zvetAmbara jaina zAstra-bhaNDAra meM surakSita hai| jaina samAja jaina-pANDulipiyoM ko AkrAntAoM se kisa prakAra surakSita rakhatI thI, isakA eka udAharaNa zravaNabelagola ke bhaTTAraka svAmI cArukIrtijI ne hamArI vidvatpariSad ke adhivezana (16 disambara 2000) ke avasara para diyA thaa| SaTkhaNDAgama kI dhavalA, mahAdhavalA evaM jayadhavalA kI TIkAe~ tAr3apatrIya pANDulipiyoM meM likhita thI tathA ve zravaNabelagola ke maTha meM surakSita thIM kintu kinhIM viziSTa kAraNoM se unheM mUDabidrI-maTha meM sthAnAMtarita kara diyA gayA thaa| unako ati surakSita rakhane kI dRSTi se vahA~ ke mukhya mandira kI mukhyavedikA ke Upara lagI huI eka Thosa lakar3I ko kucha khokalA kara usI meM unakI pANDulipiyoM ko rakha diyA gayA thaa| kucha varSoM ke bAda hI agalI pIr3hI kI smRti se ve ojhala ho gii| 10. rAjapraznIya sUtra saM.185 vyAvara-saMskaraNa pR. 103-104

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha eka bAra jaba lagAtAra behada varSA huI aura chata cUne lagI, taba vaha varSA-jala usa lakar3I meM bhI praveza kara gayA aura usI ke pravAha meM pANDulipiyoM ke aMza bhI bahakara bhUmi para girane lge| pujArI ne jaba bhaTTAraka jI ko isakI sUcanA dI, taba unhoMne usa lakar3I ko khulavAkara dekhA to usameM vahI dhavala, mahAdhavala, evaM jayadhavala kI mahatvapUrNa TIkAe~ thiiN| usake bAda kaise-kaise unakA devanAgarI meM pratilipi-kArya kiyA gayA, usakI vyathA-kathA sabhI jAnate haiN| kAgaja kI pANDulipiyA~ kumArapAlaprabandha (jinamaNDana gaNi, vi.saM. 1462) meM eka ullekha milatA hai 11 ki eka bAra cAlukyanareza kumArapAla jaba apane jaina jJAna-bhaNDAra meM gayA, to usane dekhA ki usake lipikAra kAgaja ke patroM para pANDulipiyA~ taiyAra kara rahe haiN| jaba usane pUchA ki kAgaja para lekhana-kArya kyoM kiyA jA rahA hai, taba lipikAroM ne usakA kAraNa tAr3apatroM kI kamI btlaayaa| isakA tAtparya yaha huA ki 13vIM-14vIM sadI meM tAr3apatroM kI upalabdhi meM kaThinAI hone lagI thii| ataH pANDulipiyA~ kAgaja para likhI jAne lagI thiiN| kAgaja kI aisI pANDulipiyA~ uttara-bhArata meM pracura mAtrA meM milatI haiN| kAgaja-nirmANa-gharelU udyoga-dhandhe ke rUpa meM kAgaja ne pANDulipi-lekhana ke kSetra meM adbhuta krAnti utpanna kI kyoMki usa para lekhana-kriyA tAr3apatra kI apekSA adhika sukara thii| pANDulipiyoM ke kendra-sthaloM athavA unake AsapAsa gharelU-udyoga ke rUpa meM pANDulipiyoM ke yogya kAgaja kA nirmANa bhI hone lagA tathA suvidhAjanaka lekhanI tathA vividha vAnaspatika syAhiyA~ (kAlI, lAla, sunaharI, rupahalI Adi) banAI jAne lagI thiiN| granthI-rahita kaI prakAra kI lekhanI kA prayoga kiyA jAne lagA thaa| kucha pANDulipiyoM meM kImatI sunaharI-syAhI kA prayoga bhI kiyA jAne lagA thaa| kAgaja kI sacitra pANDulipiyA~ kAgaja kI aneka pANDulipiyA~ sacitra bhI milI haiM, jo madhyakAlIna raMgIna citrakalA ke adbhuta namUne haiN| unakI sundara lipi, citroM meM prayukta vividha varNa, nAyaka-nAyikAoM ke nakha-zikha citraNa evaM unakI bhAva-bhaMgimAe~ tathA prAkRtika dRzyoM ke citra bahuta hI sajIva evaM AkarSaka bana par3e haiN| aisI bahumUlya sacitra pANDulipiyoM meM kalpasUtra (ardhamAgadhI-jainAgama), mahAkavi jinasena kRta mahApurANa (saMskRta), mahAkavi puSpadanta kRta apabhraMza-mahApurANa evaM jasaharacariu (apabhraMza), sugaMdhadazamI kathA (apabhraMza), mahAkavi raidhU kRta jasaharacariu (apabhraMza) evaM zAntinAtha-purANa (apabhraMza) aura kezarAjamunikRta 11. kumArapAla prabandha patra saM.66 tathA upadeza taraMgiNI (16vIM sadI) patra 142

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha sacitra rAma-yazorasAyana-rAsa apara nAma rAmAyaNa 11-12 (jisake 224 patroM se kevala 131 patra hI upalabdha haiM) Adi kI raMga-biraMgI citrakalA vizeSa mahatva kI hai| kahA jAtA hai ki jayapura ke eka zAstra-bhaNDAra meM aisI bhI eka jaina-pANDulipi surakSita hai, jo bahumUlya hIre-javAharAtoM se jaTita evaM citrita hai| madhyakAlIna saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, hindI, rAjasthAnI evaM gujarAtI Adi ke sAhitya kA bahulabhAga kAgaja para likhA gayA aura rAjanaitika arAjakatA, sAmpradAyika A~dhiyoM tathA vividha prAkRtika kAraNoM se agaNita pANDulipiyoM ke naSTa ho jAne ke bAvajUda bhI avaziSTa pANDulipiyoM kI saMkhyA bhI itanI adhika hai ki abhI unakI bhalI-bhA~ti gaNanA taka nahIM ho pAI hai, mUlyAMkana evaM prakAzana to bahuta dUra kI bAta hai| akele rAjasthAna evaM gajarAta ke prAcya zAstra-bhaNDAroM ko dekhakara sAhitya evaM purAtatva ke mahAmanISI DaoN. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla ne apanI eka zodha-bhASaNa-mAlA meM kahA thA 13 ...."bhArata ko pANDulipiyoM kA deza kahA jAe, to atyukti na hogii| vAGmaya ke kSetra meM bhArata kI sAMskRtika nidhi itanI samRddha hai ki jJAta hotA hai ki sAhitya ke kisI mahAna adhidevatA ne kubera jaisA akSaya-koSa hI bhara diyA hai| saMskRta, pAli, zaurasenI, ardhamAgadhI, prAkRta aura apabhraMza-bhASA, (jo ki Adhunika bhAratIya bhASAoM ke vikAsa kI eka mahatvapUrNa kar3I hai), abhI kucha varSoM se apane vipula-sAhitya kA bhaNDAra liye huye hamAre dRSTipatha meM A gaI hai| isa vizAla-sAhitya ko vidhivat surakSita, sampAdita aura prakAzita karane ke liye eka bar3e rASTriya abhiyAna kI AvazyakatA hai|" bhAratIya prAcya-lipiyA~ (Scripts): brAhmI evaM kharoSThI bhAratIya prAcya-vidyA ke itihAsa ke anusAra bhArata meM prAcyakAlIna do lipiyoM ke ullekha milate haiN| brAhmI-lipi evaM khrosstthii-lipi| AcArya jinasena tathA Avazyaka-niyukti-bhASya aura samavAyAMga-sUtra (abhayadevasUri TIkA patra-36) Adi ke anusAra tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ne apanI brAhmI nAmaka putrI ke liye bA~I ora se dAhinI ora likhe jAne kI lipi-vidyA sikhAI thI 14 | jaina-mAnyatAnusAra vahI lipi Age calakara brAhmI-lipi ke nAma se prasiddha huii| kintu sAhityika ullekhoM ko chor3akara usake anya purAtAtvika sAkSya upalabdha nahIM hote| mohanajodAro evaM harappA ke utkhanana meM prApta sIloM para jo lekha mile haiM, unakI lipi abhI taka vivAdAspada hI hai| kintu adhikAMza vidvAnoM kI mAnyatA hai ki vaha bhI tatkAlIna brAhmI-lipi kA hI eka rUpa hai| 12. jaina siddhAMta bhavana granthAvalI ArA (bihAra) bhAga-1 pR. 18 13. bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSad, paTanA meM pradatta bhASaNa kA eka aMza 14. lipi-pustakAdAvakSara vinyAsaH / sAcASTAdazaH prakAra iti zrImannAbheya - jinena svasutAyA brAhmInAmikAyA darzitA tato braahmiitybhidhiiyte| Aha ca-leha lipivijja jiNeNa baMbhIi daahinnkrennN| iti ato brAhmIti svarUpa-vizeSaNa liperit| de.patra saM.5

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha baDalI grAma (I.pU. pA~cavI sadI), meM upalabdha zilAlekha tathA samrATa azoka ke abhilekhoM aura samrATa khAravela ke udayagiri - khaNDagiri ke zilAlekhoM kI lipi brAhmI mAnI gaI hai| purAtatvajJoM ke anusAra khAravela - zilAlekha ke lagabhaga 2 - 3 sau varSoM bAda taka usakA (brAhmI lipi kA ) pracalana banA rhaa| ataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki IsA pUrva pUrvI sadI se IsA kI lagabhaga pahilI-dUsarI sadI taka brAhmI lipi adhika lokapriya rahI / paravartI kAloM meM usakA kramika vikAsa huA, jisakA pramukha rUpa vartamAnakAlIna devanAgarI ke rUpa meM prasiddha huA / I 10 kharoSThI lipi meM pANDulipiyA~ pazcimottara-sImAvartI bhArata (vartamAna meM pAkistAna) meM upalabdha samrATa azoka ke kucha abhilekha kharoSThI lipi meM bhI utkIrNita haiN| itihAsakAroM ne unakA adhyayana kara batAyA hai ki prAcIna kAla meM pArasakula ke dezoM (Persian Gulf Countries) ke sAtha bhArata ke vyApArika sambandha the| vahA~ ke vyApAriyoM ke Agamana ke sAtha hI unakI AramAIka - lipi, jo eka prakAra se kharoSThI ke samAna thI, usakA praveza bhI bhArata meM huaa| isa (AramAIka-lipi) meM kevala 22 varNAkSara the / usameM svaroM kI apUrNatA aura dIrgha-hasva kA abheda tathA svaroM evaM mAtrAoM kA sadA antara rahane ke kAraNa vaha mUla-bhAratIya- sAhitya-lekhana ke lie ayogya siddha huI / cInI - vizvakoza meM kharoSThI lipi ko kharoSTha nAma ke eka bhAratIya brAhmaNa dvArA AviSkRta batAyA gayA hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki use bhAratIya - sAhitya ke lekhana ke yogya banAne hetu kucha saMzodhana-parivartana-parivardhana kisI brAhmaNa vidvAn ne kiye hoM ? cU~ki nanda-mauryayuga meM takSazilA prAcya bhAratIya jJAna-vijJAna ke paThana-pAThana kI dRSTi se eka mahatvapUrNa kendra thA, ataH yaha asambhava nahIM ki ukta lipi saMzodhaka kharoSTha nAmaka brAhmaNa takSazilA vidyApITha kA koI prAdhyApaka rahA ho aura paravartI kAloM meM usI ke nAma para vaha kharoSTha- lipi ke nAma se prasiddha ho gaI ho ? vastutaH yaha to eka anveSaNIya viSaya hai / usa para vizeSa prakAza DAla pAnA yahA~ sambhava nahIM / kharoSThI lipi (jo ki dA~I ora se bA~I ora likhI jAtI hai) kI lokapriyatA apanI kucha khAmiyoM ke kAraNa bhArata meM bar3ha nahIM skii| isa lipi meM bhArata meM sambhavataH koI pANDulipi upalabdha nahIM huI hai| bauddhagrantha - dhammapada kI eka pANDulipi avazya hI kharoSThI meM likhita milI hai| kintu vaha turkistAna (Turkey ) ke registAna meM upalabdha huI hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki usakA vahaoN kharoSThI meM pratilipikaraNa kiyA gayA ho? kintu, jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai, brAhmI lipi paravartI kAloM meM aneka rUpoM meM vikasita hotI rhii|

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11 jaina- pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha prAdezika, kUTalekhana evaM rahasyapUrNa lipiyA~ ardhamAgadhI Agama sAhitya kI TIkAoM tathA lalita- vistarA meM bhI paravarttI aneka prakAra kI lipiyoM ke ullekha milate haiN| una sabhI kA vizleSaNa abhI taka nahIM kiyA gayA hai, kintu unake nAmoM ke AdhAra para yaha anumAna to lagAyA hI jA sakatA hai ki unameM se kucha lipiyA~ to prAdezika thIM, jaise baMga-lipi, magadha-lipi, darada-lipi, kaliMga-lipi, dAviDI - lipi, bhUta-lipi, UrdhvAntarita-lipi Adi, aura kucha lipiyA~ kUTalekhana (Secret or Code- Words) Adi se sambandhita thIM, jo rAjanayikoM dvArA gopanIya sandezoM ke AdAna-pradAna ke nimitta sAMketika zabdoM se sambandhita thIM, jaise rahasyalipi 15, kUTalipi 16, dazAntarapadasandhilikhita-lipi, dvistarapadasandhilikhitalipi, Adi / eka lipi aisI bhI hai, jisakA gaNita se sambandha rahA hogaa| jaise-gaNiyalivi / AkrAntAoM ke nAma para pracalita lipiyA~ kucha lipiyA~ una AkrAntAoM ke nAma para bhI cala par3I, jo yahA~ Akara basa gae the| jaise- hUNalipi, khAsyalipi, cInI-lipi Adi / vastutaH aneka videzIjAtiyoM tathA prajAtiyoM ke loga AkrAntAoM athavA anya aneka rUpoM meM bhArata meM Ae aura apanI bhASA evaM saMskRti ke sAtha hI yahA~ ghula-mila bhI gae the, (jaise zakoM kI senA saksenA Adi) / ataH ukta lipiyA~ evaM unakI bhASAoM ke mAdhyama se unake itihAsa evaM saMskRti kA acchA adhyayana kiyA jA sakatA hai| ataH bhArata ke vividha pakSIya itihAsa ko sarvAgINa banAne kI dRSTi se ukta lipiyoM evaM bhASAoM ke vistRta evaM tulanAtmaka vizleSaNa kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| ukta lipiyoM se sambandhita pANDulipiyoM kI jAnakArI abhI taka prakAza meM nahIM AI hai / brAhmI tathA kharoSThI-lipi meM prAcIna mUla pANDulipiyA~ anupalabdha jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai ki upalabdha jaina pANDulipiyA~ pUrvokta zilAlekhoM ko chor3akara brAhmI evaM kharoSThI meM likhI huI nahIM miltii| ve paravartI vikasita lipiyA~ yathA- prAcIna devanAgarI tathA kannar3a, tamila Adi meM milatI haiM, abhI taka jo prAcInatama pANDulipiyA~ tAr3apatroM para milI haiM, ve pANDulipi - vijJAna- vizeSajJoM ke anusAra sambhavataH 11vIM - 12vIM sadI ke pUrva kI nahIM haiM, yaha pahile hI kahA jA cukA hai| 15-16. abhI hAla meM kucha AtaMkavAdiyoM kI rahasya - * lipi yA kUTa lipi pakar3I gaI haiN| samAcAra patroM (dainika jAgaraNa 28/6/2001) ne usakA vivaraNa isa prakAra diyA hai (1) ATA aura tela kala pahu~ca jAyegA arthAt Ara. DI. eksa. aura nAiTreveMjina bhI kala taka pahu~ca jAyegA / (2) jhADU aura dAne zIghra hI bheje jA rahe haiM arthAt e. ke. 47 rAiphileM evaM goliyA~ zIghra hI bheja raheM haiM / isI prakAra anya kUTalekhoM meM TArca arthAt raoNkeTa lAMcara, kitAba arthAt visphoTaka kA Aimara, DikzanarI arthAt rimoTa kanTrola aura cappala arthAt pistaula (bhI zIghra bheja rahe haiM)

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12 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha ataH yahA~ anumAna hI pramANa mAnA jA sakatA hai, ki AcArya guNadhara, puSpadanta, bhUtabali evaM kundakunda ne lekhana ke lie tatkAlIna sahaja upalabdha bhojapatroM athavA tAr3apatroM kA tathA unameM brAhmI lipi kA prayoga kiyA hogA, kintu ve mUla pANDulipiyA~ adhikAMzataH to kAlakavalita hotI gaI aura vartamAna meM avaziSTa pANDulipiyoM kI pratilipiyoM kI sambhavataH 5vIM - 6vIM yA usake bAda kI pIr3hI kI pratilipiyA~ mAtra hI hameM upalabdha haiN| ardhamAgadhI AgamoM kI TIkAoM meM ullikhita vividha lipiyA~ (Scripts) ardhamAgadhI Agama sAhitya ke TIkAkAroM ne samakAlIna pracalita bhAratIya lipiyoM ke nAmoM ke ullekha kara unake vizleSaNAtmaka adhyayana ke liye acchI sAmagrI prastuta kI hai, kintu unakI ve TIkAe~ prAyaH AThavIM sadI IsvIM ke bAda kI haiN| vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM 18 prakAra kI lipiyoM ke ullekha milate haiM, jinameM se javaNI ( yavanI) turukkI (turuSkadezIyA) pArasI jaisI lipiyA~ kharoSThI se sambandhita haiM aura jinakA paravarttI vikasita rUpa arabI, phArasI evaM urdU lipi meM dikhAI detA hai| videzI AkrAntAoM dvArA bhArata meM paira jamAte hI unhoMne apane prazAsanika prabhAva ko prabhAvI banAne hetu na kevala apanI bhASA, apitu lipi kA bhI aisA pracAra kiyA ki bhAratIya itihAsakAroM ko bhAratIya-bhASA evaM lipiyoM meM usakI bhI gaNanA karanI pdd'ii| ukta 18 lipiyoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM- (1) haMsalipi (2) bhUtalipi (3) yakSI (4) rAkSasI (5) UrdhvaM (6) javaNI ( yavanI) (7) turukkI (8) kIrI (6) sindhI (10) drAviDI (11) mAlavI (12) naTI (13) nAgarI (14) lADalipi (15) pArasI (16) animittI ( 17 ) cANakkI evaM (18) mUladevI / ina lipiyoM meM bhI sambhavataH ekAdha ko chor3akara vartamAna meM jaina pANDulipiyA~ anupalabdha haiM 17 / suprasiddha lalita-vistarA ke anusAra 64 lipiyA~ nimna prakAra haiM 8 (1) brAhmI, (2) kharoSThI, (3) puSkarasArI, (4) aMgalipi, (5) baMgalipi, (6) magadhalipi, (7) mAgadhalipi, (8) manuSyalipi, (6) aMgulIyalipi (10) zakArilipi, (11) brahmaballI lipi, (12) drAviDIlipi, (13) kanArilipi, (14) dakSiNalipi, (15) ugralipi, (16) saMkhyAlipi, (17) anulomalipi (18) Urdhvadhanulipi, (16) daradalipi, (20) khAsyalipi, 17. (ka) de. gAthA saM. 464 kI TIkA (kha) samavAyAMgasUtra (18vaoN samavAya) meM kucha parivartanoM ke sAtha nimnaprakAra kI lipiyoM ke nAma prastuta kie gae haiM (1) baMbhI (2) javaNAliyA (3) dosAuA (4) kharoTTiA (5) pukkharasAriA (6) pahArAaiA (paharAiA ) (7) uccatariA (8) akkharapuTThiA (6) bhogavayatA (10) veNatiA ( 11 ) NiNhaiyA (12) aMkalivI (13) gaNialivI (14) gaMdhavvalivI (bhUyalivI) (15) AdaMsalivI (16) mAhesarIlivI (17) dAmilIlivI evaM (18) pAliMdIlivI / 18. de. dasavA~ adhyAya

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha (21) cInalipi, (22) hUNalipi, (23) madhyAkSaravistAralipi, (24) puSpalipi, (25) devalipi, (26) nAgalipi, (27) yakSalipi, (28) gandharvalipi, (26) kinnaralipi, (30) mahoragalipi, (31) asuralipi, (32) garur3alipi, (33) mRgacakralipi, (34) cakralipi, (35) vAyumarulipi, (36) bhomadevalipi, (37) antarikSadevalipi, (38) uttarakurudvIpalipi, (36) aparagoDAdilipi, (40) pUrvavidehalipi, (41) utkSepalipi, (42) nikSepalipi, (43) vikSepalipi, (44) prakSepalipi, (45) sAgaralipi, (46) vajralipi, (47) lekha-pratilekhalipi, (48) anudrutalipi, (46) zAstrAvartalipi, (50) gaNAvartalipi, (51) utkSepAvarttalipi, (52) vikSepAvarttalipi, (53) pAdalikhitalipi, (54) dviruttarapadasandhilikhitalipi, (55) dazottarapadasandhilikhitalipi, (56) adhyAhAriNIlipi, (57) sarvarutsaMgrahaNIlipi, (58) vidyAnulomalipi, (56) vimizritalipi, (60) RSitapastapralipi, (61) dharaNIprekSaNAlipi, (62) sarvauSadhaniSyandalipi, (63) sarvasArasaMgrahaNIlipi evaM (64) sarvabhUtarudagrahaNI-lipi / ukta adhikAMza lipiyoM ke udbhava evaM vikAsa para saMbhavataH abhI taka koI zodha-kArya nahIM huA hai jabaki unakA vizleSaNAtmaka itihAsa taiyAra karane se aneka rocaka tathya mukhara ho sakate haiN| jaina sAhitya-lekhana-paramparA jaina itihAsa ke anusAra prAcInakAla meM bhale hI kucha lekhanIya upakaraNoM kA pracAra ho gayA thA, kintu prArambha meM tIrthaMkara-vANI ko likhane kI AvazyakatA kA anubhava nahIM kiyA gyaa| kyoMki(1) eka to, hamAre zrutadharoM, jJAniyoM kI smaraNazakti, itanI tIvra thI ki kaI sadiyoM taka sArI dvAdazAMgavANI (jJAnarAzi) lekhana ke binA hI guru-ziSya kI kaNTha-paramparA se niHsRta hotI rhii| dUsare, lekhana-kriyA meM pramAdavaza jJAnarAzi ke truTita yA sadoSa hone kI sambhAvanAe~ thI, tIsare, jJAna ko lipibaddha karane tathA granthoM athavA pANDulipiyoM kI saMkhyA adhika bar3ha jAne ke kAraNa unheM vividha ApadAoM ke madhya surakSita rakha pAnA kaThina thA, tathA sAmUhika svAdhyAya, pravacana, cintana, manana aura nididhyAsana (ni + dhyai + san + ghaJ - lyuTa vA = bArambAra dhyAna meM lAnA, nirantara cintana) meM vighna bhI A sakate the athavA bhinna-bhinna koTi ke vicAra utpanna ho sakate the| evaM, cauthe, paThanArthI kevala pANDulipiyoM ke pRSThoM meM hI ulajhe raha jAte aura ve gurUpadeza tathA unake zrImukha se hone vAlI AptavANI kI vyAkhyA, bhASya Adi kI upekSA kara sakate the, jisase jJAnahAni kI sambhAvanAe~ ho sakatI thiiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki dvAdazAMga vAlI kaNTha-paramparA se niHsRta hotI rhii| vaidika

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14 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha aura bauddha-AgamoM kI bhI prArambhika paramparA yahI rahI thI / ataH vaha jJAna bhI (zrIguru mukhasya jJAnam arthAt) kaNTha-paramparA se jIvita rhaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainAgamoM ko "zruta", vaidikAgamoM ko "zruti" tathA bauddhAgamoM ko "sutta" kahA gayA / kintu jainetihAsa ke anusAra ukta guru-ziSya athavA kaNTha- paramparA, jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai, adhika kAla taka nahIM cala sakIM / zramaNa saMskRti ke pradhAna kendra-: dra - magadha meM I. pU. caturtha- sadI ke AsapAsa dvAdazavarSIya bhISaNa akAla par3A dhIredhIre prAyaH samasta uttara-bhArata usakI capeTa meM A gyaa| ataH antima zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu ne 12000 sAdhu-saMgha, pUrvAgata - zrutajJAna-paramparA tathA zramaNa saMskRti kI surakSA hetu apane navadIkSita ziSya-magadha samrATa candragupta maurya (prathama) ke sAtha dakSiNa bhArata kI ora vihAra kiyA, jabaki unake saMgha ke sthUlabhadrAdi AcArya pATaliputra meM hI raha gae 1 AcArya bhadrabAhu ne magadha se lekara kaTavapra (vartamAna zravaNabelagolA, karnATaka) taka ke mArga meM paramparA prApta jJAna kA sarvatra pravacana kiyA tathA kaTavapra meM vRddhAvasthA ke kAraNa vizrAma lekara unhoMne AcArya vizAkha ke netRtva meM samasta saMgha ko Age bheja diyA, jo pANDya, cera, cola, satyaputra, keralaputra dezoM meM hotA huA siMghala (vartamAna zrIlaMkA) deza taka pahu~cA aura vahA~ jainadharma kI prabhAvanA kI / zvetAmbara-paramparA zvetAmbara-paramparA ke anusAra duSkAla kI samApti ke bAda AcArya sthUlibhadra ne paramparA-prApta jJAnarAzi ke bikharane kI AzaMkA se usakI surakSA hetu pATaliputra meM eka vAcanA kA Ayojana kiyA kintu durbhAgya se usameM saMgrahIta jJAnarAzi surakSita na raha skii| usake bAda mathurA meM bhI kramazaH do bAra vAcanAe~ kara pUrvAgata jJAnarAzi kA saMgraha kiyA gayA, kintu durbhAgya se ve bhI surakSita na raha sakIM / antataH bhagavAn mahAvIra ke parinirvANa ke lagabhaga 600 varSa bAda (arthAt IsvI san 453 ke AsapAsa) balabhI (gujarAta) meM punaH eka vAcanA kA Ayojana kara usameM AgamoM kA saMgraha evaM lekhana kArya kiyA gyaa| dIrghAntarAla ke bAda unakI pratilipiyoM kI bhI pratilipiyoM meM vismRti, vaicArika - vibhinnatA athavA anya kAraNoM se pATha - parivartana Adi ke ho jAne ke kAraNa digambaroM ne unheM aprAmANika kahakara unakI mAnyatA ko sAdara asvIkAra kara diyA 20 / digambara- paramparA digambara-paramparA ke upalabdha sAkSyoM ke anusAra AcArya guNadhara tathA aSTAMga 16. de. AcArya bhadrabAhu cANakya candragupta kathAnaka ( raidhU kRta) zrI gaNeza varNI digambara jaina saMsthAna nariyA, vArANasI (san 1982) dvArA prakAzita pR. 27-28 / 20. - 21. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA bhAga 1 pR. 28 tathA SaTkhaNDAgama dhavalA TIkA 1/1/1 pR. 61

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15 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha - mahAnimitta ke jJAnI AcArya dharasena ne badalate pariveza meM kaNTha- paramparA se prApta dvAdazAMgavANI kI apane pAsa avaziSTa jJAna - rAzi kI surakSA kI dRSTi se use lipibaddha karanA athavA karAnA anivArya samajhA / AcArya guNadhara ne lekhanopakaraNa- sAmagrI kI upalabdhi meM kaThinAiyA~ tathA aghika rUpa meM likhita sAmagrI kI surakSA sambandhI kaThinAI ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue solaha-sahasra-madhyama-padoM vAle kasAyapAhuDa ke vistRta varNya viSaya ko saMkSipta kara 233 gAthAsUtroM meM pUrvAgata zruta- paramparA ko svayaM nibaddha kiyA aura apane do AcArya-ziSyoM-nAgahasti tathA AryamakSu ko unakA vizad jJAna karAyA / kintu AcArya dharasena ne kinhIM viziSTa kAraNoM se apanI jJAna- rAzi ko svayaM nibaddha na kara AcArya puSpadanta evaM bhUtabali ko usakA adhyayana kraayaa| tatpazcAt una donoM ziSyoM meM se puSpadanta ne ( 177 sUtra vAle) satprarUpaNA-sAhitya tathA bhUtabali ne zeSa dravya-pramANAdi jaise avaziSTa aMza kA sUtra - zailI meM grathana kiyA, jo SaTkhaNDAgama ke nAma se prasiddha huA 21 / yaha prathama sadI I.pU. ke antima caraNa ke AsapAsa kI ghaTanA hai / yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki AcArya guNadhara evaM puSpadanta tathA bhUtabali ne ukta sAhitya-lekhana ke lie kisa-kisa prakAra ke lekhanopakaraNoM kA upayoga kiyA hogA ? mUla rUpa se ve bhUrjapatroM para likhe gae the yA tAr3apatroM para ? unhIM ke samaya ke AsapAsa AcArya kundakunda bhI hue / unakI hastalekha sambandhI mUla- pANDulipiyoM kI koI bhI jAnakArI nahIM miltii| tatpazcAt lagabhaga do-tIna sau varSoM ke bAda AcArya samantabhadra, AcArya gRddhapiccha, baTTakera, zivArya evaM svAmikArtikeya Adi hue| unhoMne bhI apanI kRtiyoM ko kisa prakAra kI lekhana sAmagrI para likhA hogA, Aja usake sAkSya hamAre sammukha nahIM / kintu jainajagat una mahAmahima AcAryoM, bhaTTArakoM tathA zrAvakoM evaM zrAvikAoM kA nirantara RNI rahegA, jinhoMne kinhIM sAdhanoM se unakI pratilipiyA~ evaM unakI bhI pratilipiyA~ svayaM kara athavA dUsaroM se karAkara unheM samakAlIna jaina-kendroM meM surakSita rkhaa| jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai, ye paravartI pANDulipiyA~ prAyaH kannaDalipi meM tAr3apatroM para haiM, jo 12vIM - 13vIM sadI ke AsapAsa kI batalAI jAtI haiN| pANDulipi kA prArambhika rUpa - zilAlekha evaM unakA mahatva pANDulipi ke udbhava kI prathama kar3I ke rUpa meM mAnya zilAlekhoM kI, kisI bhI deza ke itihAsa ke nirmANa meM pramukha bhUmikA hotI hai| pUrva meM isakA saMketa diyA hI jA cukA hai| usameM aMkita sandarbhoM tathA tathyoM ko sarvAdhika prAmANika evaM mahatvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai| 20. - 21. tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya - paramparA bhAga 1 pR. 28 tathA SaTkhaNDAgama dhavalA TIkA 1/1/1 pR. 61

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16 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha purAvidoM ke anusAra bhAratIya saMvidhAna tIrthaMkara mahAvIra evaM samrATa-khAravela ke prati vizeSa rUpa se upakRta hai kyoMki dezaratna DaoN. rAjendra prasAda jI (prathama rASTrapati bhAratIya gaNataMtra) kI preraNA se usakI mUla prati ke mukha pRSTha para sarvodaya ke mahAna pracAraka tathA mAnava-vyaktitva ke vikAsa ke dRr3ha saMkalpI tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA rekhA-citra tathA usake nIce jainadharma kI prazaMsA kA aMkana kiyA gayA hai aura kaliMgAdhipati jaina samrATa khAravela (I. pU . dUsarI sadI) ke zilAlekha kI 10vIM paMkti meM ullikhita "bharadhavasa" ke AdhAra para svataMtra bhArata kA saMvaidhAnika nAmakaraNa bhI "bhAratavarSa" kiyA gyaa| purAvidoM ne ukta khAravela-zilAlekha ko abhI taka ke prApta vizva ke prAcInatama zilAlekhoM kA mukuTa-maNi mAnA hai| svataMtratA-prApti ke bAda bhAratIya-saMvidhAna ke lekhana ke pUrva ghaTita eka ghaTanA bar3I hI rocaka evaM carcita hai, jo nimna prakAra hai dillI meM bhAratIya saMvidhAna-nirmAtrI pariSad kI baiThaka cala rahI thii| dezaratna DaoN. rAjendra prasAda jI, pradhAna maMtrI paM. javAharalAla neharu, saradAra ballabhabhAI paTela, ur3IsA ke tyAgamUrti mukhyamaMtrI vizvanAthadAsa jI, maulAnA abulakalAma AjAda jaise aneka mahAn rASTrabhakta evaM svataMtratA-senAnI tathA DaoN. bhImarAva ambeDakara jaise vidhivettA Adi usameM upasthita the| saMvidhAna-lekhana ke prArambha meM hI prazna uThA ki svataMtra-bhArata kA saMvaidhAnika nAma kyA ho ? upasthita sadasyoM meM se kisI ne AryAvarta aura kisI ne hindustAna jaise nAma sujhAe aura una para dIrghakAlIna carcAe~-paricarcAe~ bhI huii| kisI ne mArkaNDeya-purANa meM sandarbhita bhArata kA uddharaNa dete hue isa deza kA saMvaidhAnika nAma "bhArata" ghoSita karane kA Agraha kiyaa| etadviSayaka carcAe~ bhI lambe samaya taka calIM, kintu paNDita javAharalAla neharu, jo ki prAcIna vizva itihAsa evaM saMskRti ke gambhIra adhyetA evaM cintaka manISI vidvAn bhI the, unakA prastAva thA ki hamAre svataMtra-bhArata ke saMvaidhAnika nAmakaraNa ke lie prAcIna sAhityika-sAkSya kI apekSA yadi koI prAcIna zilAlekhIya-sAkSya mila sake, to vaha adhika prAmANika evaM nyAya-saMgata hogaa| yaha saMyoga-saubhAgya hI thA ki ukta pariSad meM eka itihAsakAra sadasya bhI upasthita the| unhoMne bhuvanezvara (ur3isA) jile kI udayagiri-khaNDagiri kI pahAr3I para I.pU. dUsarI sadI meM utkIrNita khAravelazilAlekha 22 kA adhyayana kiyA thA, jisakI bhASA "oDra-mAgadhI prAkRta evaM lipi "brAhmI" hai| vaha aitihAsika zilAlekha eka lambI grenAiTa 15phuTa x phuTa kI pASANa-zilA para 17 paMktiyoM meM TaMkita hai| unhoMne ukta zilAlekha kI 10vIM paMkti kA uddharaNa dete hue anurodha kiyA ki I.pU. dUsarI sadI ke ukta zilAlekha meM isa deza ko "bharadhavasa" 22. yaha zilAlekha kaI nAmoM se prasiddha hai| yathA-udayagiri-khaNDagiri zilAlekha hAthIgumphA-zilAlekha, khAravela-zilAlekha Adi /

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha (arthAt bhAratavarSa) kahA gayA hai| ataH hamAre deza kA saMvaidhAnika nAma yadi "bhAratavarSa" rakhA jAya, to vaha adhika prAmANika evaM nyAya saMgata hogA / 17 unakA prastAva sunakara tatkAlIna vAisarAya evaM gavarnara-janarala lArDa mAuNTavaiTana, paM. javAharalAla neharU, zrI rAjagopAlAcArya, zrI vizvanAtha dAsa, DaoN. kailAzanAtha kATajU, saradAra vallabhabhAI paTela prabhRti variSTha netAgaNa udayagiri-khaNDagiri ( bhuvanezvara) pahu~ce / pUrvokta zilAlekha kI dazavIM paMkti kA vizeSa adhyayana kiyA aura dillI vApisa lauTa Aye aura agale dina hI una itihAsakAra sadasya mahodaya kA prastAva svIkAra kara liyA gayA tathA tAliyoM kI gar3agar3AhaTa ke madhya sabhI ne pramudita mana se usa para apanI svIkRti pradAna kI / khAravela - zilAlekha evaM usakA aitihAsika mahatva durbhAgya se hama loga khAravela jaise svadezAbhimAnI, mAtRbhUmi bhakta tathA jaina samAja ke mahAn yazasvI sapUta, muni-sevaka evaM jinavANI bhakta kaliMgAdhipati jaina cakravartI samrATa khAravela ko bhUlate jA rahe the / kintu dhanya haiM ve AcArya-pravara vidyAnanda jI munirAja, jinhoMne dezahita evaM samAjahita meM usa khAravela ke nAma evaM kAryoM se sabhI ko paricita karAnA anivArya smjhaa| ataH pichale lagabhaga cAlIsa varSoM se vividha dRSTikoNoM se usake mUla zilAlekha aura tatsambandhI sAkSyoM kA unhoMne lagAtAra gahana adhyayana tathA cintana kara usake mahAn vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ko ujAgara karane kA dRr3ha saMkalpa kiyA, jo sAkAra huA dinA~ka 26.11.68 ke prAtaHkAla, jaba ur3IsA ke tatkAlIna mukhyamaMtrI zrI jAnakIballabha jI paTanAyaka ke karakamaloM dvArA kundakunda bhAratI (dillI) ke prAMgaNa meM khAravela - bhavana kA zilAnyAsa kiyA gyaa| isa do maMjile vizAla bhavana kA zIghra hI nirmANa hone jA rahA hai, jo khAravela - zilAlekha ke bahuAyAmI mUlyAMkana ke sAtha-sAtha bhArata ke uccastarIya prAkRta evaM jaina-vidyA ke zodha kendra ke rUpa meM kArya kregaa| jaba maiM prAcyakAlIna jaina itihAsa evaM saMskRti para vicAra karatA hU~, to socatA hU~ ki yadi I.pU. cauthI sadI ke madhyakAla meM magadha ke dvAdazavarSIya bhISaNa duSkAla ke samaya AcArya bhadrabAhu ne dakSiNa bhArata meM sasaMgha vihAra na kiyA hotA, to zramaNa saMskRti kA itihAsa saMbhavataH vaisA na bana pAtA, jaisA ki Aja upalabdha hai / yaha to sarvavidita hI hai ki AcArya bhadrabAhu ne duSkAla kI bhISaNatA tathA digambaratva kI hAni kA vicAra kara magadha se dakSiNa bhArata kI ora vihAra kiyA / yadyapi hamArA itihAsa isa viSaya para mauna hai ki unake vihAra kA mArga kahA~-kahA~ se hokara rahA hogA ? vastutaH yaha svataMtra rUpa se eka gahana vicAraNIya viSaya hai / kintu merI dRSTi se ve, pATaliputra se vihAra kara vartamAnakAlIna uttarapradeza, madhyapradeza, gujarAta evaM mahArASTra hote hue karnATaka ke kaTavapra nAma ke eka nirjana vana meM padhAre the| cU~ki bhadrabAhu ke jIvana kA vaha antima caraNa thA, ataH unhoMne, jaisA ki

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18 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai, apane variSTha ziSya AcArya vizAkha ko gaNAdhipati ghoSita kara unheM digambaratva kI surakSA tathA jainadharma ke pracAra-prasAra ke liye sasaMgha dakSiNa ke sImAnta taka arthAt tatkAlIna pANDaya, cera, cola, satyaputra, keralaputra evaM tAmraparNI (siMhala) ke rAjyoM meM vihAra karane kA Adeza diyA thaa| yaha tathya hai ki AcArya vizAkha ke sasaMgha vihAra karane ke bAda AcArya bhadrabAhu ne apane antima samaya meM svayaM ekAntavAsa kara sallekhanA dhAraNa karane kA nirNaya kiyA, kintu, navadIkSita munirAja candragupta (pUrva magadha-samrATa) apanI bhakti ke atireka ke kAraNa AcArya bhadrabAhu kI vaiyAvRtti hetu unhIM kI sevA meM unake pAsa raha gye| yahA~ eka prazna uThanA svAbhAvika hai ki AcArya bhadrabAhu ne prAkRtika vipattikAla meM digambaratva kI surakSA ke lie dakSiNa bhArata hI kyoM cunA ? ve anyatra kyoM nahIM gae ? merA jahA~ taka adhyayana hai, jaina-sAhitya meM etadviSayaka usake sAkSya-saMdarbha anupalabdha haiN| kintu merI dRSTi se isake do kAraNa ho sakate haiM- (1) magadha ke sAtha-sAtha sambhavataH samagra uttara bhArata duSkAla kI capeTa meM thaa| aura, (2) dakSiNa-bhArata meM AcArya bhadrabAhu ke dIrgha-pUrva bhI jainadharma kA pracura mAtrA meM pracAra thaa| __ bauddhoM ke itihAsa-grantha "mahAvaMza' (jisakA racanAkAla san 461-476 hai) meM I.pU. 543 se I.pU. 301 taka ke siMhala-deza ke itihAsa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| usameM I.pU. 467 kI siMhala (vartamAna zrIlaMkA) kI rAjadhAnI anurAdhApurA ke varNana-krama meM batalAyA gayA hai ki vahA~ ke aneka gaganacuMbI bhavanoM meM se eka bhavana, tatkAlIna rAjA pANDukAbhaya ne vahA~ vicaraNa karane vAle aneka nirgranthoM ke lie banavAkara unheM bhI samarpita kiyA thaa| mahAvaMza ke ukta saMdarbha se yaha spaSTa hai ki I.pU. 5 vIM sadI ke AsapAsa siMhala deza meM nirgrantha dharma arthAt jainadharma kA acchA pracAra thA aura kucha cintaka-vidvAnoM kA yaha kathana tarkasaMgata bhI lagatA hai ki karnATaka, Andhra, tamila evaM kerala hotA huA hI jainadharma siMhala deza meM praviSTa huA hogaa| tamila-janapada ke madurAI aura rAmanAD meM brAhmI lipi meM mahatvapUrNa kucha prAcIna prAkRta-zilAlekha upalabdha hue haiN| unhIM ke samIpa jaina-mandiroM ke avazeSa tathA tIna-tIna chatroM se vibhUSita aneka pArzvamUrtiyA~ bhI milI haiN| ina pramANoM ke AdhAra para suprasiddha purAvid DaoN. sI.ena.rAva kA kathana hai 23 ki-"I.-pU. caturtha-sadI meM jainadharma ne tamila ke sAtha-sAtha siMhala ko bhI vizeSa rUpa se prabhAvita kiyA thaa| unake kathana kA eka AdhAra yaha bhI hai ki-"siMhala deza meM upalabdha guhAlekhoM kI akSara-zailI aura tamilanADu ke pUrvokta brAhmI-lekhoM ke akSaroM meM paryApta samAnatA hai|" 23. dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma (paM.kailAzacandra jI zAstrI), pR. 3-4

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha . 16 tulanAtmaka adhyayana ke AdhAra para spaSTa hai ki tiruvalluvara kRta "kurala-kAvya" aura vyAkaraNa grantha "tolakappiyam' jaise tamila ke gauravagranthoM para jainadharma kA pUrNa prabhAva hai| isa kAraNa itihAsajJa vidvAnoM kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki vaidika athavA brAhmaNadharma ke prabhAva ke padArpaNa ke pUrva hI tamila-prAnta meM jainadharma kA praveza ho cukA thaa| kucha vidvAnoM kI yaha bhI mAnyatA hai ki tamila ke zAstrIya koTi ke mahAkAvyoM meM se eka suprasiddha grantha "nAlaDiyAra'' meM una ATha sahasra jainamuniyoM kI racanAe~ grathita haiM, jo pANDya-nareza kI icchA ke viruddha pANDya-deza chor3akara anyatra vihAra karane jA rahe the| yaha saMgraha-grantha tatkAlIna pANDya-deza meM likhA gayA thaa| kaliMga ke jaina cakravartI samrATa khAravela ne apane hAthIgumphA-zilAlekha meM likhA hai ki-"magadha-nareza nanda 300 varSa pUrva kaliMga se jisa "kaliMga-jina" ko chInakara magadha meM le gayA thA, use maiMne usase vApisa lAkara kaliMga meM punaH sthApita kara diyA hai 24 / " khAravela kA samaya I.pU. dUsarI sadI kA madhyakAla hai| isa tathya kA gahana adhyayana kara DaoN.ke.pI. jAyasavAla ne likhA hai ki "kaliMga (vartamAna ur3IsA) meM jainadharma kA praveza zizunAga vaMzI rAjA nandivardhana ke samaya meM ho cukA thaa| khAravela ke samaya ke pUrva bhI udayagiri (kaliMga) parvata para arihantoM ke mandira nirmita the, kyoMki unakA ullekha khAravela ke zilAlekha meM huA hai| ina tathyoM se yaha spaSTa vidita hotA hai ki khAravela ke pUrva bhI kaI zatAbdiyoM taka jainadharma kaliMga kA rASTra-dharma rahA thaa|" unake isa kathana se pratIta hotA hai ki tIrthaMkaroM kI siddha evaM aneka tIrthaMkaroM kI janmabhUmi-bihAra se yaha jainadharma baMgAla, kaliMga, Andhra, tamila evaM kerala hotA huA siMhala deza taka pahu~cA hogaa| jaisA ki pUrva meM likhA jA cukA hai-pUrva meM itihAsa-lekhana kI paramparA na thI, isa kAraNa sAkSyoM ke abhAva meM yaha jJAta na ho sakA ki sudUra-dakSiNa meM usakA pracAra-prasAra karane meM AcArya bhadrabAhu se bhI pUrva kina-kina muni-AcAryoM kA yogadAna rahA hogA ? AcArya bhadrabAhu ko isakI jAnakArI avazya rahI hogii| yahI kAraNa hai ki magadha ke dvAdazavarSIya bhISaNa duSkAla ke samaya unhoMne sasaMgha dakSiNa bhArata kI yAtrA hI upayukta smjhii| jaisA ki pUrva meM likhA jA cukA hai, ki unakI isa yAtrA meM unake jAne kA mArga kahA~-kahA~ se rahA hogA tathA kitane mahInoM meM unhoMne isa yAtrA ko taya kiyA hogA, durbhAgya se isakI jAnakArI abhI taka nahIM mila sakI hai| mahAkavi kAlidAsa ke virahI-yakSa ne jisa megha ko apanA dUta banAkara apanI virahiNI yakSiNI kI khoja ke lie bhejA thA, usake jAne ke AkAza-mArga taka kA patA vidvAnoM ne lagA liyA, kintu yaha eka duHkhada-prasaMga hai ki AcArya bhadrabAhu kI dakSiNa-yAtrA ke sthala-mArga taka kA prAmANika patA vidvAna loga abhI taka nahIM lagA sakeM 24. khAravela-zilAlekha paM. 12

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20 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha haiM aura na hI kisI kA dhyAna bhI usa ora jA rahA hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki kucha viziSTa kAraNoM se AcArya bhadrabAhu giranAraparvata kI yAtrA karate hue sasaMgha dakSiNa kI ora mur3e hoN| aura vahA~ kI eka guphA kA unhoMne apane navadIkSita bhakta ziSya (samrATa) candragupta kI yAtrA-smRti meM "candraguphA" nAma ghoSita kara diyA ho ? yaha tathya cintanIya hai| hAthIgumphA-zilAlekha ke anusAra samrATa khAravela (I.pU. dvitIya sadI) ne apanI digvijaya ke prasaMga meM dakSiNApatha ke kaI rAjyoM para vijaya prApta kI thii| yadyapi usa samaya ke bhUgola kI rAjanaitika sImA-rekhAe~ spaSTa nahIM hai kintu khAravela-zilAlekha meM jisa dakSiNApatha para vijaya prApta karane kI bAta kahI gaI hai, usameM ve hI deza Ate haiM, jinheM vartamAna ke bhUgola-zAstriyoM ne Andhra, karnATaka, mahArASTra, tamila, kerala evaM siMhala (zrIlaMkA) deza kahA hai| khAravela ke zilAlekha meM jo eka vizeSa bAta kahI gaI hai vaha yaha, ki usane (khAravela ne) apanI digvijaya ke krama meM dakSiNApatha ke pichale 1300 varSoM se cale Aye eka zaktizAlI tamila-saMghAta kA bhI bhedana kara diyA thaa| isa saMghAta athavA mahAsaMgha meM tatkAlIna suprasiddha rAjya-cola, pANDya, satyaputra, keralaputra tathA tAmraparNI (siMhala) ke rAjya sammilita the tathA yaha mahAsaMgha "tamila-saMghAta" (United States of Tamil) ke nAma se prasiddha thaa| merI dRSTi se khAravela kA yaha AkramaNa kevala rAjanaitika hI nahIM thA, balki jainadharma ke virodhiyoM ne jainadharma ke pracAra-prasAra meM ukta tamila-mahAsaMgha tathA asika, raThika, bhojaka evaM daNDaka rUpa mahArASTra-saMgha ke mAdhyama se jo kucha gatirodha utpanna kara diye the, khAravela ne unase krodhita hokara una donoM mahAsaMghoM ko kaThora sabaka sikhAyA aura una saMghIya rAjyoM meM jainadharma ko yathAvat vikasita evaM pracArita hone kA punaH avasara pradAna kiyaa| usI kA suphala hai ki tamila, karnATaka evaM mahArASTra ne Age calakara jainadharma kI jo bahumukhI sevA kI, vaha jaina-itihAsa kA eka svarNima adhyAya bana gyaa| ina prAntoM kA prArambhika jaina-sAhitya eka ora jahA~ sthAnIya boliyoM meM likhita sAhitya kA mukuTamaNi mAnA gayA, vahIM vaha (sAhitya) kannar3a jaina kaviyoM dvArA likhita caturvidha anuyoga-sAhitya kA bhI siramaura mAnA gyaa| sAhitya ke itihAsakAroM kI mAnyatA hai ki prArambhika tamila, kannar3a evaM marAThI boliyoM ko AdyakAlIna jaina-lekhakoM ne hI kAvyabhASA ke yogya banane kA sAmarthya pradAna kiyA hai| isa prakAra samrATa khAravela dvArA sthApita ukta paramparA karnATaka meM 10vIM-11vIM sadI taka antarvartI jala-srotoM ke pravAha ke samAna avAdha gati se calatI rhii| yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai ki khAravela ne kaliMga meM jo virATa jaina-muni-sammelana bulAyA thA,kyA vaha "tamiradeha saMghAta" ke dvArA kI gaI jainadharma ke hAsa evaM jainAgamoM kI kSatipUrti ke viSaya meM vicArArtha tathA Age ke liye yojanA-baddha surakSAtmaka kAryakramoM ke saMcAlana kI dRSTi se to Ayojita nahIM thA ? anyathA, vaha deza ke kone-kone se, sabhI dizAoM-vidizAoM se lAkhoM kI saMkhyA (sata-sahasAni) meM mahAtapasvI muni-AcAryoM

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha se padhArane kA anurodha kara unakA sammelana kyoM karatA tathA unase usameM mauryakAla meM ucchinna 25 "coyaTThi" (cau+aTThI arthAt 4+5=12 arthAt dvAdazAMgavANI) kA vAcana-pravacana karane kA sAdara nivedana kyoM karatA? yaha yakSa-prazna gambhIratA pUrvaka vicAra karane kA hai| ina tathyoM se spaSTa hotA hai ki karnATaka sahita dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma ke pracAra-prasAra kA kAla aura adhika nahIM, to kama se kama (150+1300=) 1450 I.pU. athavA tIrthaMkara-pArzva se bhI pUrvakAlIna rahA hogaa| jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai, hAthIgumphA-zilAlekha kI 12vIM paMkti ke anusAra nandarAja kaliMga para AkramaNa kara "kaliMga-jina'' kA apaharaNa kara use magadha le AyA thaa| itihAsakAroM ne isakA vizleSaNa kara batAyA hai ki kaliMga-jina kaliMga ke rASTriya-gaurava kA pratIka thA tathA nandarAja ke AkramaNa ke samaya jainadharma vahA~ kA rASTradharma thaa| kaliMga kI svAbhimAnI prajA usa 'kaliMga-jina" kI mUrti ke abhAva meM zokAkula avazya banI rhii| vaha use zatAbdiyoM ke bAda bhI vismRta nahIM kara sakI thI tathA vibhinna rAjavaMzoM kI pRSTha-poSakatA ke kAraNa usa samaya bhI jainadharma kone-kone taka pracArita banA rhaa| jaba khAravela kaliMga kI rAjagaddI para baiThA, tabhI usane apanI pUrNa zakti ke sAtha magadha para AkramaNa kiyA aura jaina-saMskRti kI pratIka evaM rASTriya gaurava ke usa pAvana-pratIka kaliMga-jina ko magadha-samrATa vahasatimitta (vRhaspatimitra) se vApisa lekara kaliMga meM usakI vizAla-samAroha ke sAtha punarpratiSThA kI 26 | khAravela-zilAlekha meM yadyapi yaha spaSTa ullekha nahIM hai ki kaliMga-jina kisa tIrthaMkara kI mUrti thI ? kucha itihAsakAroM ne use Adi-tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI mUrti batalAyA hai| yaha asambhava bhI nahIM kyoMki prAcIna jainAgamoM meM tIrthaMkara RSabha kA kaliMga ke sAtha ghaniSTha sambandha batalAyA gayA hai| RSabha ke eka putra kA nAma kaliMga thaa| ataH usI ke nAma para usa bhUbhAga kA nAma bhI kaliMga rakhA gayA thaa| kaliMga-jina kI mUrti magadha meM lagabhaga do-DhAI sau varSoM taka surakSita raha jAne se yaha bhI anumAna lagAnA sahaja hai ki magadha ke rAjavaMza bhI vaise hI jainadharma ke upAsaka tathA jaina-saMskRti ke saMrakSaka the, jaise ki kaliMga ke rAjavaMza / kaliMga para nandarAja ke AkramaNa ke pUrvakAla meM bhI vahIM RSabhadeva kI pUjA-arcanA sArvajanika rUpa meM kI jAtI rahI hogii| kaliMga-jina kI mUrti ke ukta ullekha se isa tathya para bhI prakAza par3atA hai ki I.pU. kI cauthI sadI meM kaliMga evaM magadha meM jaina-mUrti-pUjA pracalana meM thI, tathA kaliMga meM jaina-mUrti-nirmANakalA kA bhI paryApta vikAsa ho cukA thaa| prAcyavidyAvid paM. bhagavAnalAla indra jI ne bhI saMbhavataH sarvaprathama khAravela-zilAlekha kA adhyayana kara tathA usameM prAraMbha meM utkIrNita jaina-saMskRti ke mUlamaMtra NamokAra-maMtra ke prArambhika caraNa ke sAtha-sAtha hI usake 4 pratIkoM kA nAmollekha kara siddha kiyA ki 25. khAravela-zilAlekha paM. 15-16 26. vahI paM. 11-12

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22 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha jainadharma kaliMga kA rASTradharma thA / ataH kaliMga kI paramparA prApta jaina saMskRti kI lokapriyatA kI abhivRddhi meM khAravela ke yogadAna ko vismRta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / ukta zilAlekha meM utkIrNita jaina- saMskRti ke ukta 4 pratIka cinha nimna prakAra haiM (1) vardhamaMgalaH - yaha cinha zilAlekha kI dUsarI paMkti kI bA~I ora utkIrNita hai, jo nirgrantha-saMskRti evaM jaina tIrthaMkaroM kA paricAyaka usakA eka atyAvazyaka aMga hai| isa cinha se jana-bhAvanA kI bhI jAnakArI milatI hai, ki samrATa khAravela evaM usakI prajA jaina- saMskRti evaM dharma kI paramabhakta thI / (2) svastika : - svastika kA yaha cinha ukta zilAlekha kI cauthI evaM pA~cavIM paMkti ke madhya bAe~ pArzva meM utkIrNita hai / yaha cinha jaina- paramparA meM mAnya jIvoM kI vibhinna zreNiyoM kA digdarzaka, eka aisA pratIka cinha hai, jisake anusAra tInoM lokoM meM pradhAna rUpa se cAra prakAra ke jIva rahate haiM - manuSya, deva, tiryaMca evaM nArakI jIva / jainAcAryoM ne ina jIvoM ke vividha prakAra ke sUkSmAtisUkSma sahasrAdhika bheda-prabheda kara unakI paribhASAe~ prastuta kI haiM, jo Adhunika Biological Sciences kI dRSTi se vizeSa mahatvapUrNa evaM rocaka siddha huI haiM aura jinhoMne suprasiddha vaijJAnika sara jagadIzacandra basu ko bhI prabhAvita kiyA thA jinhoMne jainAcAryoM dvArA pratipAdita ekendriyakAyika vanaspati ko apane vaijJAnika prayogoM dvArA saMvedanazIla prANI ghoSita kara sabhI ko Azcaryacakita kara diyA thaa| isI svastika ke UparI zikhara para utkIrNita eka ardhacandra para tIna bindu rakhe gaye haiM, jo ki jaina saMskRti ke sArabhUta-samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyagcAritra rUpa ratnatraya evaM mukti mArga ke pratIka cinha haiM / (3) nAndipada : kaliMga-jina arthAt RSabhadeva kI pahicAna kA cinha jaina-paramparA ke anusAra nAndi arthAt vRSabha (baila) hai| ataH RSabhadeva ke prati Adara dene hetu zilAlekha kI madhyAnta kI eka paMkti ke dA~I ora nAndi-pada arthAt vRSabha ke caraNa cinha utkIrNita haiN| jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai, jaina itihAsa ke anusAra RSabhadeva kA kaliMga se Rgveda- pUrvakAla se hI ghaniSTha sambandha thaa| sArA kaliMga deza unake caraNoM kA parama bhakta thA / ataH usI kI abhivyakti ke lie khAravela ne apane zilAlekha meM nAndi-pada ko utkIrNita karAyA thA / khAravela zilAlekha se vidita hotA hai ki nAndipadoM ko sammAna dene kI dRSTi se hI samrATa khAravela ne pithaMDa meM vRSabhoM (bailoM) ke sthAna para

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha gardabhoM se kRSikArya karavAyA thA 27 / (4) rukhacetiya : - khAravela-zilAlekha ke anta meM dA~I ora rukhacettiya arthAt caityavRkSa utkIrNita hai| jaina-paramparA meM isakA bar3A mahatva hai, kyoMki ise devoM dvArA pUjanIya tathA jina-pratimAoM ko Azrayasthala dene vAlA vRkSa mAnA gayA hai| yathA -cettarUNaM mUlaM pattekkaM caudisAsu paMcitta ceti jiNappaDimA paliyaMkaThThiyA surahehiM mahaNijjA 28 | __ arthAt caityavRkSoM ke mUla meM cAroM dizAoM meM se pratyeka dizA meM padmAsana se sthita aura devoM dvArA pUjanIya 5-5 jina-pratimAe~ virAjamAna kI jAtI haiN| isa mahAn vRkSa ko sauSadhi ke rUpa meM mAnA gayA hai| dravyAnuyoga evaM karaNAnuyoga saMbaMdhI jaina-sAhitya meM ukta caityavRkSa kA vizad varNana kiyA gayA hai| jaina-mAnyatA ke anusAra jaina saMskRti meM pUrvokta NamokAra-mantra evaM caturvidha mAMgalika pratIkoM kA mahatva to hai hI, svastha samAja ke nirmANa, rASTra kI uttarottara samRddhi evaM chahoM RtuoM ko sama banAe rakhane ke lie bhI ve Avazyaka mAne gae haiN| isIlie hAthIgumphA-zilAlekha meM unakA nidarzana kevala vyaktigata rUpa se nahIM, balki sarvasammata tathA lokaparamparA ke anukUla kiyA gayA hai| jainadharmAnuyAyiyoM ke mAMgalika kAryoM meM to Aja bhI sAre bhArata meM ukta paramparA pracalita hai| samrATa khAravela ke bAda ukta kaliMga-jina kA kyA huA, isakI jAnakArI nahIM miltii| bahuta sambhava hai ki sadiyoM bAda kinhIM kAraNoM se use punaH magadha le AyA gayA ho aura kisI kAraNa se vaha khaNDita ho gaI ho aura paTanA ke eka utkhanana meM prApta chinnamastaka tIrthaMkara AdinAtha kI marti vahI prAcIna kaliMga-jina ho, jo isa samaya paTanA-myUjiyama meM surakSita hai| athavA, RSabhadeva kA aparanAma jagatanAtha (jagannAtha) bhI hai| ataH kabhI-kabhI aisI bhI carcAe~ sunane ko milatI haiM ki vartamAna jagannAthapurI ke mandira meM abhI bhI vaha kaliMga-jina surakSita hai| vastutaH usa dizA meM nirbhIka evaM niSpakSa khoja karane kI tatkAla AvazyakatA hai| zilAlekha kI 11vIM paMkti ke anusAra raNadhurandhara khAravela ne tIsarI bAra dakSiNa bhArata kI ora punaH prayANa kiyaa| isa prasaMga meM dakSiNa bhArata ko do bhaugolika ikAiyoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai-pahilA tamila-(athavA dramilla yA dravir3a) saMgha tathA dUsarA mahAraTTha-saMgha | zatru-rAjAoM ke AkramaNa se bacane ke lie tamiloM ne, jaisA ki pUrva meM bhI likhA jA cukA hai, vIra nirvANa saMvat ke 1300 varSa pUrva meM pArzvavartI kucha rAjyoM 27. khAravela-zilAlekha paM.11, 28. tiloyapaNNattI 3/137 tathA trilokasAra, gA. 215

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24 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha ko milAkara eka saMghAta rASTrakula banA liyA thA / khAravela ke sazakta AkramaNa se vaha chinna-bhinna ho gyaa| isa tamila-kula kI usa samaya do rAjadhAniyA~ thIM- uragapura (tricirApallI) evaM koNcii| jaina itihAsa meM ina donoM nagaroM kA sAMskRtika evaM sAhityika dRSTi se vizeSa mahatva hai| khAravela kI vijaya ke bAda tathA usake dIrghagAmI prabhAva se sArA tamila-pradeza jaina saMskRti kA punaH eka mahatvapUrNa kendra bana gayA / jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai ki prArambha meM tamiladeza kI bhASAe~ apariSkRta athavA sAhitya-lekhana ke ayogya mAnI jAtI thIM kintu sthAnIya janabhASAoM ke premI jainAcAryoM ne unheM AvazyakatAnusAra pariSkRta kara tathA use sAhitya-lekhana ke yogya banAkara unameM vyAkaraNa, jyotiSa, sAhitya, koSa, dharma, siddhAnta, vyavahAra, rAjanIti, cikitsA evaM svAsthya Adi sabhI viSayoM para pracura mAtrA meM sAhitya likhA / ukta sAhitya-lekhana kI prakriyA bhI bar3I durUha kintu bar3I vaijJAnika thii| kahA jAtA hai ki jisa samaya vahA~ sAhitya-lekhana kI yojanA banAI gaI, usa samaya sarvaprathama eka saMgha tathA usakI eka vizeSajJa-samiti banAI gaI, jisakA prathama niyama thA ki mAnava mUlyoM ko unnata banAne hetu hI sAhitya likhA jAe, jo uccastarIya evaM sArvajanIna ho / usa saMsthA kA nAma thA saMgama (arthAt sAhityakAra- saMsada Academic Council) / saMgama ke isa kar3e rukha kA suphala yaha huA ki AdyakAlIna samasta tamila jaina - sAhitya uccastarIya banA tathA vizva - sAhitya ke uccatama koTi ke grantharatnoM meM usakI gaNanA kI gii| aise granthoM meM se tiruvalluvara kRta thirukkurala-kAvya tathA maNimekhalai, nAlaDiyAra, jIvaka-cintAmaNi zilappadikAra jaise aneka grantharatna agragaNya mAne gae / tAtparya yaha ki apariSkRta evaM sAhitya-lekhana ke lie ayogya samajhI jAne vAlI grAmya tamila bhASA ko bhI jainAcAryoM ne sAhitya-lekhana ke yogya bnaayaa| yaha jaina-sAhitya-tamila-pradeza ke AdikAlIna sAhitya ke rUpa meM sarvamAnya kiyA gayA hai| usa aitihAsika virAsata meM samrATa khAravela ke dIrghagAmI preraka-parokSa-prabhAva rUpa aitihAsika yogadAna ko vismRta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| tamila deza meM isa prakAra kI sAMskRtika evaM sAhityika gatividhiyA~ pA~cavIM sadI IsvI taka calatI rhiiN| usake bAda usameM kramazaH hAsa hone lagA / samAja evaM rASTra ko jIvanta banAe rakhane ke lie deza ke vibhinna hissoM meM samaya-samaya para utsava, gIta, nRtya, vAditra, dhArmika Ayojana muni sammelana Adi samArohoM kA hote rahanA atyAvazyaka hai| isase jIvana meM sarasatA, utsAha, sAmAjika sauhArda, saumanasya evaM rASTriya bhAvanAe~ jAgRta rahatI haiN| isake lie zAsaka ko svayaM hI dUradRSTi sampanna, kArya-kuzala evaM kalAoM ke prati usameM utsAha evaM suruci sampanna honA Avazyaka hai| khAravela meM saMyoga se ye sabhI guNa vidyamAna the 26 / zilAlekha kI pA~cavIM paMkti ke anusAra khAravela svayaM gandharva-vidyA meM pravINa thA tathA vaha kaliMga evaM vijita rAjyoM meM vividha sAMskRtika Ayojana karAtA rahatA thaa| 26. khAravela zilAlekha paM. 4-5 -

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 25 samaya-samaya para sarva-pASaMDoM (arthAt sabhI sampradAyavAloM) ke sAtha milakara tathA apanI upasthiti meM vaha "samAja" (sArvajanika samAroha) karAkara sabhI kA manoraMjana karatA rahatA thA aura isa mAdhyama se prajA-janoM ke hRdaya ko jItatA rahatA thA 30 | zilAlekha kI dUsarI paMkti ke anusAra khAravela ne 24 varSa kI Ayu prApta karate-karate lipi-vidyA, gaNita, nIti, yuddha-kauzala evaM kalAoM meM nipuNatA prApta kara lI thI / kaliMga kI atItakAlIna Adarza-paramparAoM ko dekhate hue yaha vidita hotA hai ki kaliMga meM jJAna-vijJAna ke prazikSaNa kendra sarvatra rahe hoNge| susaMskRta, suzikSita evaM samRddha samAja tathA pragatizIla Adarza rASTranirmANa ke lie saMskRti-premI khAravela ne bhI rASTra ke bhAvI karNadhAra bAlaka-bAlikAoM ke lie zikSA anivArya kara dI ho tathA unake lie pAThazAlAoM kI bhI sarvatra vyavasthA kara dI ho to koI Azcarya nhiiN| samrATa khAravela ne magadha para prathama-vijaya ke upalakSya meM kalpadruma-pUjAvidhAna 32 kara usameM binA kisI bheda-bhAva ke brAhmaNoM, zramaNoM evaM anya yAcakoM ko unakI icchAnusAra hAthI, ghor3e, rathoM evaM samRddhiyoM kA muktahasta se yatheccha dAna diyA thaa| jainAcAryoM ne eka ullekha meM batAyA bhI hai kimicchakena dAnena jagadAzA prapUrya yaH / cakribhiH kriyate so'rhat yajJaH kalpadumo mataH / / sAgAradharmAmRta-AzAdhara 2/28 arthAt "Apa kyA cAhate haiM, isa prakAra pUcha-pUcha kara yAcakoM ko unakI icchAnusAra hI unake manorathoM ko pUrNa karake arihanta bhagavAn kI jo pUjA kI jAtI hai, use kalpadruma-pUjA-vidhAna kahA gayA hai|" khAravela kA ukta vidhAna evaM kimicchika-dAna-Ayojana itanA AkarSaka evaM bhAvottejaka thA ki kaliMga ke logoM ne sAdara zraddhApUrvaka khAravela kA sArvajanika sammAna-samAroha kara usameM usakA palava-bhAra arthAt tulAdAna bhI kiyA thA 33 | kisI vyakti ke tulAdAna kA yaha ullekha vizva-itihAsa meM sambhavataH sarvaprathama kiyA gayA hai, jo hAthIgumphA-zilAlekha meM upalabdha hai| jaisA ki pUrva meM batAyA jA cukA hai ki khAravela ke mana meM isa bAta kI bar3I cintA rahI hogI ki jaina-saMskRti evaM usakI prAtibhika-samunnati kI pratIka tathA kaNTha-paramparA se nisRta dvAdazAMga-vANI kI surakSA kaise ho? kyoMki usake samaya taka usakA adhikAMza bhAga vismRta athavA lupta ho gayA thaa| ataH usane deza ke kone-kone 30. khAravela zilAlekha paM. 4-5 31. vahI paM. 2 32. vahI paM. 6 aura vizeSa ke liye dekhiye- chakkhaMDAgama-bandha 3/42 pR. 62, pratiSThAtilaka- 10/13 pR. 517. mahApurANa (jinasena) 38/31, purudevacampU 1/1, jinasahasranAma-10/115, AdipurANa - 17/221, 16/10. 33. khA. zi. paM. 8

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26 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha se sukRta, suvihita, zramaNa, jJAnI, dhyAnI, tapasvI, RSi tathA unake saMghoM ke mArgadarzaka sAdhakoM ko vinayapUrvaka kumArI-parvata 34 para Amantrita kiyaa| unakI saMkhyA 35000 (panatisatasahasehiM) thii| zilAlekha kI paMkti saM. 15-16 ke anusAra una AmaMtritoM ke lie deza ke kuzala kArIgaroM dvArA maNi-ratna-jaTita stambhoM vAlA eka vizAla kalApUrNa sabhAmaNDapa banavAyA gayA aura usI meM coyaTThi caU + aTThi (arthAt cAra + ATha = dvAdazAMga) Agama-vANI kA vAcana kiyA gyaa| kintu Azcarya kA viSaya yaha hai ki khAravelakAlIna yaha vAcanA na to vartamAna meM upalabdha hai aura prastuta zilAlekha ko chor3akara usakA kahIM koI ullekha taka nahIM kiyA gyaa| khAravela ke zilAlekha meM ullikhita vAstu-nirmANa sambandhI kAryoM se vidita hotA hai ki vaha saundaryabodha kA atizaya dhanI thaa| samaya-samaya para apanI suvidhAnusAra rASTrahita evaM samAjahita meM 35 lAkha mudrAe~ vyaya karake usane kaliMga meM sundara-sundara bhavana, jalAzaya-nirmANa, nahara kA jIrNoddhAra tathA vistArIkaraNa, jarjara aitihAsika gopuroM evaM bhavanoM kA jIrNoddhAra, prAcI nadI ke donoM kinAroM para mahAvijaya-prAsAda-nirmANa, rAja-mArgoM kA nirmANa, kumArI-parvata para arhat niSidhAoM ke nirmANa Adi karAye the 35 jo usake vAstu-zilpa-jJAna, sAMskRtika abhiruci, kaliMga kI sAMskRtika samRddhi evaM usake lokahita-sAdhaka-kAryoM ke Adarza udAharaNa haiN| ina mAdhyamoM se usane kuzala kalAkAroM, zilpiyoM evaM zramikoM ke liye apanI-apanI yogyatA ke anusAra kArya karane ke avasara bhI pradAna kiye the| khAravela zilAlekha ke adhyayana se vidita hotA hai ki vizeSajJa-vAstuvidoM ke mArgadarzana meM ukta vAstuzilpoM ke anubhavI kuzala-kArIgaroM, prazikSita-zramikoM tathA bhavana-nirmANAdi tathA zastra-astra Adi ke nirmANa ke liye AyudhazAlAoM kI deza meM kamI nahIM thii| isI prakAra vastrodyoga-vizeSajJoM, saphAI-majadUrI ke pezevara logoM, gharelU udyogadhandhoM meM lage karmiyoM tathA saMskRti evaM naitika zikSAoM kA pracAra karane vAle anubhavI pracArakoM kI bhI kamI nahIM thii| isa prakAra kaliMga kI surakSA, samRddhi, uttarottara-pragati evaM nava-nirmANa kI dizA meM una sakriya sahayogI karmiyoM ko bhI vismRta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| yadyapi zilAlekha meM inakA kahIM bhI ullekha nahIM milatA kintu inake zrama-sahayoga ke binA khAravela kI kriyAzIlatA tathA kaliMga kI samRddhi evaM pragati sambhava na thii| ataH inheM nIMva kA patthara samajha kara kaliMga-saMskRti kA nirmAtA samrATa khAravela jaisA udAra evaM mAnavatAvAdI prazAsaka nizcaya hI samaya-samaya para una sabhI ko vAtsalyabhAva pUrvaka prabodhita, sammAnita evaM puraskRta avazya karatA rahA hogaa| khAravela-zilAlekha meM prazAsana meM sahAyatA karane vAle padAdhikAriyoM ke nAmollekha nahIM milte| isase vidita hotA hai ki prajAjana svataH hI AtmAnuzAsita evaM kartavyaniSTha the| zramaNa-saMskRti ke prabhAva se ve aparAdha-bhAvanA se prAyaH mukta the aura 34. vartamAnakAlIna udayagiri 35. khA. zi. paM. 3

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha svataH-sphUrta rASTra-bhAvanA se ota-prota karmaTha tathA puruSArthI the| yahI kAraNa hai ki eka Adarza samrATa kI bhAvanA ke anurUpa prajAjanoM kA AcaraNa rahane ke kAraNa prazAsaka padAdhikAriyoM kI sambhavataH adhika AvazyakatA hI nahIM rahI hogii| phira bhI, hAthIgumphA-zilAlekha ke pArzvavartI guphA-lekhoM meM avazya hI kucha padAdhikAriyoM ke nAmollekha milate haiN| jaise- mahAmada mahAmAtya (Prime Minister) (jambezvara guphA lekha) - atasukha vAdinaka atisukha pradAna karane vAle arthAt samAja-kalyANa-padAdhikArI (choTA hAthIgumphAgRha-lekha) (Minister for Social Welfare and Justice) - kumAra vaTuka rAja-parivAra ke baccoM kI surakSA, svAsthya tathA prazikSaNa para dhyAna rakhane vAle padAdhikArI (Minister for Royal Family Affairs) - kammahalakhiNa = kAryavAhaka-padAdhikArI (sarva guhA-lekha) (Executive Officers for Different Departments) yadyapi ukta mUla-zabdAvalI ke artha spaSTa nahIM haiM, phira bhI inake padoM se inake kartavyoM evaM adhikAroM kA anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| dakSiNApatha meM AkramaNa ke prasaMga meM khAravela ne mahAraTTha-saMgha arthAt asika, musika, raThika, bhojaka evaM daNDaka jaise sakSama rASTroM para AkramaNa kara unheM bhI apane adhikAra meM kara liyA thA aura vahA~ usane apanI vicAradhArA kI amiTa chApa chor3I thI / sambhavataH yaha usI kA dIrghagAmI preraka-prabhAva rahA ki paravartI-yugoM meM mahArASTra evaM karnATaka ke kadamba, gaMga, hoyasala, pallava, sAMtara, cAlukya evaM rASTrakUTa Adi rAjavaMza yA to paramparayA jaina-dharmAnuyAyI rahe athavA usake parama hitaiSI banakara unhoMne usake sAdhaka AcAryoM evaM zilpakAroM ko suvidhA sampanna Azraya-sthala diye aura bhaktipUrvaka unheM lekhana-suvidhAe~ bhI pradAna kii| phalataH vahA~ ke manISiyoM ne bhI kannar3a, saMskRta, prAkRta, evaM apabhraMza meM uccastarIya vividha vidhAoM evaM viSayoM kA vibhinna zailiyoM meM zAstrIya evaM laukika vipula sAhitya kA praNayana kiyaa| aise mahAmahima AcAryoM kI zrRMkhalA bar3I hI vistRta hai| isakI carcA Age kI jaayegii| 36. isakI vistRta jAnakArI ke liye "khAravelakAlIna mahAraTTha-saMgha evaM jaina saMskRti ke vikAsa meM usakA yogadAna" (mahArASTra jaina itihAsa pariSada dvArA Ayojita evaM prakAzita merI bhASaNamAlA, janavarI 2002) ko dekheN|

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28 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha karnATaka ke jaina zilAlekha jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai ki antima zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu ke sasaMgha karnATaka-praveza ke samaya se karnATaka meM zramaNa saMskRti kA paryApta prabhAva bddh'aa| mahAvaMza jaise bauddha-sAhitya meM bhI isake pramANa mile haiM ki AcArya bhadrabAhu ke pahale bhI siMhala - deza taka jainadharma kA pracAra thA / bhadrabAhu ne apane 12000 sAdhu-saMgha ke sAtha karnATaka meM jainadharma kA acchA pracAra kiyaa| unake bAda ke kucha varSoM meM usake prabhAva meM kucha kamI hone lagI thI 37 / kintu samrATa khAravela ne apanI vijaya yAtrA se vaha jainadharma ko lokapriya banA diyA / yaha usI kI zakti thI ki usane jainadharma ke virodha meM bane sazakta tamila - saMghAta (United States of Tamil) ko bhI dhvasta kara diyA thA 38 1 AcArya bhadrabAhu ke pahale dakSiNa bhArata meM kina-kina AcAryoM ne jainadharma kA pracAra kiyA thA unake nAma to vidita nahIM ho sake kintu AcArya bhadrabAhu, unake mahA-muni-saMgha, tatpazcAt samrATa khAravela ne vahA~ jaisA vAtAvaraNa banAyA aura unake bAda bhI AcArya siMhanandi evaM sudatta vardhamAna 40 ne jaina rAjavaMzoM kI sthApanA kara usa mAdhyama se usa paramparA ko Age bar3hAkara zramaNa-saMskRti evaM jaina sAhitya ke vikAsa meM jaisA yogadAna diyA, usake udAharaNa anyatra durlabha haiN| yaha una pUrva-mahApuruSoM kI hI dena hai ki dakSiNApatha ke paravarttI vibhAjita pradeza - karnATaka kA kaNa-kaNa jaina saMskRti ke itihAsa kA jIvita itihAsa bana gayA / vividha zilAlekhoM evaM pANDulipiyoM kI prazastiyoM meM vahA~ ke bahuAyAmI itihAsa ko surakSita kiyA jAtA rahA aura vahI vartamAna itihAsa-lekhana ke lie prakAza stambha banA huA hai| karnATaka ke jaina kendra evaM mahAn sAhityakAra uttara bhArata ne bhale hI tIrthaMkaroM ko janma diyA kintu unakI maMgalakArI-vANI ko karnATaka ke mahAmahima AcAryoM, kaviyoM evaM lekhakoM ne vahA~ ke puNyAtmA zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM ke pUrNa samarpita sahayoga se lekhanI-baddha kiyA, vahA~ ke rAjAoM ne jainadharma ko rAjyAzraya diyA aura jaina-kendroM-zravaNabelagolA, podanapura, koppala, punnADa, hanasoge, talakATa, hummaca, valliMgAme, kuppaTUra evaM vanavAsi kI sthApanAe~ kara na kevala jinavANI kI prAcya pANDulipiyoM ko surakSita rakhA, apitu, paravarttI AcAryoM, muniyoM, kaviyoM evaM 37. vizeSa ke lie dekhiye - khAravela - kAlIna mahAraTTha-saMgha evaM jaina-saMskRti ke vikAsa meM usakA yogadAna, 38. hAthIgumphA zilAlekha paM. saM. 11 tathA ur3isA - rivyU ( disa. 1668) pR. 14 36. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha bhAga 1 pR. 110 40. karnATakakavicarite pR. 60

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26 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha lekhakoM ko sabhI sAdhana upalabdha karAkara vividha lekhana-kAryoM ke lie preraNAe~ bhI pradAna kI aura unhoMne bhI prAkRta, saMskRta apabhraMza aura kannar3a meM zAzvata koTi ke vividha viSayaka zatAdhika granthoM kI eka lambI zrRMkhalA taiyAra kara dI, jinameM zaurasenI prAkRta meM AcArya kundakunda evaM vaTTakera (I.pU. prathama sadI ke lagabhaga) svAmI kArtikeya (tIsarI sadI IsvI ke lagabhaga), si.ca. AcArya nemicandra (10vIM sadI IsvI) evaM, vasunandi (12vIM sadI pUrvArdha) ___ saMskRta meM AcArya umAsvAmI (dUsarI sadI), devanandi-pUjyapAda (5vIM sadI), jaTAsiMha-nandi (7vIM sadI), bhaTTa akalaMka (745-746 I.), raviSeNa (8vIM sadI), gaNitajJa mahAvIrAcArya (8vIM sadI), svAmI vIrasena (san 816 I.), jinasena (6vIM sadI), guNabhadra (6vIM sadI), somadeva-sUri (10vIM sadI), AcArya vidyAnandi (10vIM sadI), prabhAcandrAcArya (10vIM sadI), zrIdharAcArya jyotiSI (10vIM sadI), AyurvedajJa-AcArya ugrAditya (10vIM sadI), itihAsakAra vAdirAja sUri (11vIM sadI), malliSeNasUri (11vIM sadI), itihAsajJa AcArya-pravara-indranandi (12vIM sadI) evaM, municandra deva (13vIM sadI), - apabhraMza ke mahAkavi svayambhU (8vIM sadI), puSpadanta (10vIM sadI) evaM dhavala (11vIM sadI), kannar3a ke Adya campUkAra Adi-pampa (647 I.), kAvya-sudhA-dhArA ko pravAhita karane vAle ranna (646 I.), mAitho-hisToriyana-ponna (650 I.), cAmuNDarAya (678 I.), divAkara nandi (1062 I.), zAntinAtha (1068 I.), kavi nAgacandra (abhinava pampa) evaM, nAgavarmA dvitIya (lagabhaga 1100 I.), mahAna kaviyitrI kantI (lagabhaga 1100 I.). rAjAditya (san 1100 I.), nayasena (san 1112 I.), kIrti varmA (san 1125 I.), brahmaziva (lagabhaga 1125 I.), karNapArya (san 1140 I.), nAgacandra kavi (san 1145 I.), nemicandra (san 1170 I.), somanAtha (1150 I.), vRttavilAsa (san 1160 I.), kavi bAlacandra (1170 I.), boppaNaM (1180 I.), koppaNa evaM, aggala (1186 I.), AcaNNa (1165 I.), bandhuvarmA (san 1200I.), pArzva-paNDita (1205 I.), janna (1206 I.), guNavarmA dvitIya (1235 I.), kamalanava (1235 I.), mahAbala (san 1254 I.), bAhubali paNDita (1340 I.). vijayaNNa (1400 I.), padama (1550 I.), purANetihAsakAra doDDayya (1550 I.), pazucikitsaka-kIrtivarmA (1125 I.) aura unakA kannar3a grantha-goveva), cikitsaka jagaddala sAmanta (1150 I.), kannar3a cikitsAgrantha-kalyANakAraka (AcArya pUjyapAda ke kalyANakAraka kA kannar3a anuvAda), sUpazAstra ke lekhaka maMgarasa (1508 I.), SaTpadisAhityakAra ratnAkara varNI (1557 I.), mahAn sAMgatya-sAhityakAra candram (1605 I.), padmanAbha (1680 I.), prabhRti aise AcArya-lekhaka pramukha haiM, jinhoMne zAzvata koTi ke uccastarIya sAhitya kI racanA kI, jo Aja bhI itihAsakAroM, lekhakoM, samIkSakoM, bhASA-vijJAniyoM evaM dArzanikoM ke liye na kevala prakAza-stambha haiM, apitu, prAcya bhAratIya-vidyA ke gaurava ke svarNima-agrazikhara bhI mAne gaye haiN| isI prakAra vIra veneya, senApati cAmuNDarAya, mahAmantrI bharata evaM nanna Adi jaina vIroM tathA karnATaka Adi kI aneka Adarza jAgRta mahilAoM meM mahAsati attimabbe, jakkiyavve,

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30 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha pAmavve, pampAdevI Adi ko parAkramI, rASTravAdI evaM jinavANI-bhakta banAne tathA sAmAjika sudhAroM meM unheM agraNI banAne meM karnATaka kI puNyabhAgA tIrtharUpA bhUmi to hai hI, parokSa rUpa meM samrATa khAravela dvArA sthApita usakI dUra-dRSTi sampanna sAMskRtika cetanA kI prabhAvaka vegavatI pracchanna pravAhita dhArA hI pratIta hotI hai| Adipampa (647 I.) sambhavataH aisA prathama kannar3a jaina kavi thA, jisane kannar3a ke AdipurANa nAmaka mahAkAvya meM likhA hai ki-"bharata ne ayodhyA meM samrATa pada grahaNa kiyaa| himavata-parvata se lavaNa sAgara paryanta SaTkhaNDa bhUmaNDala usakA zAsana mAnatA thaa| usake dharma-prema kI kIrti digdiganta meM vyApta thii| prajA bhI rAjA kI bhA~ti dharma meM anurakta thii| vRSabha-putra bharata isa deza kA prathama cakravartI samrATa huaa| isIlie usake nAma para Aja bhI yaha deza "bhArata" kahalAtA hai|" ____ anya pANDulipiyoM kI prazastiyoM meM bhI isI prakAra ke anekavidha aitihAsika prasaMga upalabdha hote haiN| jaina itihAsa ke vizeSajJa vidvAn zrI narasiMhAcArya ne apane karnATaka-kavicarite meM karnATaka ke kannar3a kaviyoM kI gaNanA karate hue batAyA hai ki kannar3a-bhASA ke 280 kaviyoM meM se sabase adhika saMkhyA jaina-kaviyoM kI 65 hai, usake bAda liMgAyata-kaviyoM kI saMkhyA 60 hai, brAhmaNa-kaviyoM kI saMkhyA kevala 45 tathA avaziSTa 50 meM anya phuTakara kavi Ate haiM 40 / karnATaka ke jaina senApati __karnATaka ke zilAlekhoM meM yaha dekhakara Azcaryacakita hokara raha jAnA par3atA hai ki paramasAtvika aneka zrAvaka, eka ora to rASTrabhakta, vIra-parAkramI senApati haiM, to dUsarI ora vahI senApati, jaina-saMskRti ke saMrakSaka, jaina-mandiroM ke uddhAraka evaM mUrtti-nirmAtA hone ke sAtha-sAtha uccakoTi ke granthakAra bhI haiN| gaMga-nareza mArasiMha ke senApati tathA muni ajitasena ke ziSya aura si. ca. AcArya nemicandra ke snehabhAjana rahane vAle samara-dhurandhara vIravara cAmuNDarAya (678 I.) ke bahuAyAmI vyaktitva ko kauna nahIM jAnatA, jisane vizva ko Azcaryacakita kara dene vAlI gommaTezvara kI uttuMga-kAya kalApUrNa 57 phITa U~cI mUrti kA nirmANa karavAyA aura usake saundarya ko dekhakara mahAkavi voppaNa kI garvIlI lekhanI bhI usake varNana ke liye stambhita jaisI ho gaI thI tathA vivaza hokara use likhanA par3A thA ki mere pAsa to kevala TUTe-phUTe asamartha athavA vikalAMga zabda mAtra hI haiM, phira bhI maiM yaha kahane ke liye bAdhya hU~ ki atituMgAkRtiyAdoDAgadada rolsaunadarya maunnatyamuM nutasaundaryanubhAge matta tizayaMtAnAgadonnatyamu / 40. karnATakakavicarite pR.60

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha nutasaundaryamumUrjitA ziyamuM tannalli nindidarduvaM, kSiti sampUjyamo gommaTezvara jinazrI rupamAtmopamaM / / arthAt koI bhI mUrti jaba AkAra meM bahuta U~cI evaM vizAla hotI hai, taba usameM saundarya kA prAyaH abhAva rahatA hai| yadi vaha vizAla bhI huI aura usameM saundarya bhI ho, to bhI usameM daivI-camatkAra utpanna karanA kaThina hai| lekina gonmaTeza kI isa mUrti meM ukta tInoM kA samanvaya ho jAne se usakI chaTA camatkArapUrNa, alaukika, abhUtapUrva evaM varNanAtIta ho gaI hai| ___ cAmuNDarAya ne apane jIvana meM rASTrahita evaM samAjahita meM jahA~ 84 yuddha karake unameM zAnadAra vijaya prApta kI thI, vahIM usane avakAza ke kSaNoM meM cAmuNDarAya-purANa jaisI amUlya kRti kA praNayana kannar3a-bhASA meM tathA cAritrasAra (AcArasAra) nAmaka grantha kA praNayana saMskRta meM kara apane jIvana kI sArthakatA siddha kI hai| hoyasala-nareza viSNuvardhana ke 8 senApati the aura ve bhI sabhI jaina the| yathA-gaMgarAja, bocca, puNNita, baladeva, meriyana, bharata, aica, aura vissnnu| ye sabhI parAkramI to the hI, jaina saMskRti ke ApAdamastaka saMrakSaka bhii| anya parAkramI senApatiyoM meM senApati hulla, senApati devarAja, senApati zAntiyaNNa, senApati Izvara camUpati, recimayya, senApati ecirala tathA senApati amRta ke nAma bhI avismaraNIya haiN| karnATaka ke zilAlekhoM meM ina sabhI ke vistRta preraka paricaya upalabdha haiM 41 | gaMga-vaMza aura usake saMsthApaka AcArya siMhanandi ___ zravaNavelagola ke zilAlekha saM. 56 ke anusAra uttara-bhArata ke ikSvAkuvaMzI daDiga evaM mAdhava nAmake do rAjakumAra dakSiNa bhArata kI yAtrA para nikale aura perUra nAmaka grAma ke eka sarovara-taTa para sthita caityAlaya meM unakI bheMTa mUlasaMghI, kundakundAnvayI kANUragaNa ke meSapASANa gaccha ke AcArya siMhanandi se huii| donoM hI donoM kI tejasvitA se prabhAvita hue| isa sammilana se pramudita hokara padmAvatI devI ne prakaTa hokara una rAjakumAroM ko talavAra evaM rAjya pradAna kiyaa| siMhanandi ne una donoM ko prazAsana karane kI zikSA pradAna kii| vahIM para eka pASANa-stambha sAmrAjya kI devI ke mukhya pravezadvAra meM praveza ke liye bAdhaka banA huA thaa| siMhanandi ke Adeza se rAjakumAra mAdhava ne use dhvasta kara DAlA / ataH siMhanandi ne use eka rAjya kA zAsaka ghoSita kara diyA 42 | ukta zilAlekha ke anusAra hI jaba ve rAjakumAra prabhAvaka zAsaka bana gaye, taba siMhanandi ne unheM isa prakAra kI zikSAe~ pradAna kI (1) yadi tuma apanI pratijJA ko pUrNa na karoge athavA jina-zAsana kI sahAyatA na karoge, (2) parastriyoM kA apaharaNa karoge yA karAoge, 41. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha (mANika. di. jaina graMthamAlA) tRtIya bhAga 42. isa saMdarbha sUcanA ke liye maiM AcArya zrI vidyAnanda jI kA AbhArI huuN|

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32 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha (3) madya-mA~sa kA sevana karoge, (4) adhama-manovRtti vAloM kI saMgati meM rahoge, (5) jarUrata-mandoM ke liye dhana-dAna yA paropakAra na karoge aura yadi, - (6) raNakSetra meM pITha dikhAoge, to tumhArA rAjya evaM rAjyavaMza dekhate hI dekhate naSTa ho jAyegA 43 | eka zilAlekha 44 ke anusAra isa gaMga-vaMza kA abhedya durga nandigiri para sthita thA, jisakI rAjadhAnI kuvalAla thii| isa vaMza kA 66 hajAra dezoM (grAmoM) para Adhipatya thaa| jinendradeva usake adhidevatA the| raNavijaya hI unakA sAthI thaa| ye (daDiga evaM mAdhava) jainadharma ke parama ArAdhaka the aura inhIM zaktiyoM ke sAtha ve apane rAjya kA zAsana-kArya karate the| gaMga-rAjyavaMza kI sthApanA sambandhI ukta tathya kA samarthana saM. 1236 ke zilAlekha se bhI hotA hai, jisakA parIkSaNa viMseMTa smitha 45, luIsa rAIsa 46, DaoN. salettora 47 Adi ne karake usakI prAmANikatA para vistRta prakAza DAlA hai| Age calakara isI vaMza meM zrImat koMguNi varmA kA dharma-mahArAjAdhirAja virudadhArI vidvAna-putra durvinIta huA / isI durvinIta ne guNADhya kI bRhatkathA kA saMskRta meM anuvAda tathA kirAtArjunIya mahAkAvya ke 15 veM sarga kI saMskRta-TIkA bhI likhI thI 48 | ina rAjAoM kI vidvattA kA mUla kAraNa yaha thA ki ve AcArya devanandi-pUjyapAda ke bhakta-ziSya the| gaMgarAja avinIta (vi.saM. 523) ne unheM kevala sammAna hI nahIM diyA thA, apitu apane putra rAjakumAra durvinIta ko unake sAnnidhya meM zikSA bhI pradAna karAI thii| rASTrakUTa vaMza gaMgavaMzI narezoM ke samAna hI rASTrakUTa-vaMzI narezoM ke yazasvI kAryakalApoM kI carcA bhI zilAlekhoM meM milatI hai| rAjA zivamAra (dvitIya) ke rAjyakAla meM rASTrakUToM ne gaMgavADI para adhikAra kiyA avazya, kintu jainadharma ke prati aTUTa-bhakti meM ve bhI gaMgoM seM pIche na rhe| vi. saM. 811 saM 1031 taka rASTrakUTa-vaMzI narezoM ne karnATaka para zAsana kiyaa| rASTrakUTa-nareza dantidurga (aparanAma sAhasatuMga) ne jaina-nyAyazAstra ke pitA mAne jAne vAle bhaTTa akalaMkadeva kA sArvajanika sammAna kiyA thaa| zravaNavelagola meM 83. Salatore's Medieval Jainism P. 11 44. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha bhA. 2. lekhAMka 244 84. The Oxford History of India P. 199 8&. Mysore Gazetteer Vol. I P. 308-310. 47.Mysore Gazetter Vol. IP.311. 46. Medieval Jainismp.22-23.

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AcArya bhadrabAhu gumphA magadha ke dvAdazavarSIya bhISaNa duSkAla ke samaya AcArya bhadrabAhu (I.pU. cauthI sadI) apane navadIkSita ziSya magadha samrATa candragupta (maurya prathama) tathA 12000 sAdhu-saMgha ke sAtha kalavapra (zravaNabelagolA) padhAre the| AcArya bhadrabAhu ne isI gumphA meM baiThakara tapazcaryA kI thii| usameM unake caraNa cinha Aja bhI upalabdha haiM / - AcArya bhadrabAhu kI gumphA (candragiri, zravaNabelagolA) meM dhyAnamagna DA. rAjArAma jI jaina /

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tihArako yaupaharA jogaya me ko suratama pAubAra sArasubAsa maraNayA lahItAmuninAdAsa (avihikaralamA molu supratI dasa disAvayaveda sAyavivilIyana jirAsA sarakAra sthapatira bagara pAlika niyamahara patanAmiNa 5 disAmA koDIlAmA mamakAmA muskemaMkaru muskara bakaru vi miyara sADi vimedirahamaNimagu holA. mAyaDa mama laka lAma muktAsuraruktAdilakSya yAsira sasikalAla emAla -pariyArakeM sabalupatha ke jAtiriya AmadharAdharu jAtijayala mAmbemako dAdako mAIgulAmAgurAI Asimita tohamatIbira kI ma memahi pArisiha mehemanarUpari yadi siri saharieH prAyara liyasidhagataM bhaviSAdivinalA yARAT miniyA jI se purAne evaM sariyA sAyaM sahejI ethe| jaba usa H samaya maMDa hama gayadayaM ke mami sAho madha m mahAma kamarelA saMyama 451 varSe grAmasameta mana bAikarmArthamapI ramajIrvamanikarea krasara htgma AKA PAR AdipurANa (najIbAbAda prati) prathama eMva antima patra bAbU jagataprasAda jI jaina (DAlamiyAnagara, najIbAbAda) ke saujanya se prApta / vastutaH yaha grantha mahAkavi raidhU dvArA likhita mehesacariu hai, kintu kisI pratilipikAra ne ise siMhasena dvArA likhita AdipurANa batAyA hai|

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sADhatiyogibhadiyalimiyAsivamiriNAmApayaraguNamaNirayAmA sAnAdavAyanAMmajAyAnidhi muv||3vaajvaadmaainnjinnaamaagtipishyplaayaa hirAmANadayakAyatinikhijhAyANarayaNa sajAulAyAmotAhaMmagnivAha vimAna maImANasAujhAsulAhANAmenamAratAsutajJAtImAAyanigambhi kAlImANurAyajigambhikasAnaddhapuna vipigavaMdanANavihiSNAkimatsuH janarArAzavANAmeNavIrAjiyANaka malAniyasatarArAdatakAravADIti mAsuvizimAyaNamaNahirAmAsirimAyA holAsAGaveviniNadhAdhudhirapayaDU saviAnIvAtiyaravImAhAmumAlAdAlAtiyapAihAmulIladAhagaMdAvAjavI jAmiyakalatavaNakuMjANivadomAnApiyAmemArIlAyapiyArI gavidi 90 viruddhAravANijAividamitaNAhAkApAyahANahimahaziminAunabumuhavANaNApata mahilAhavidekhievalikaremihauDhadidekhi gAyayomivaddhiyaravANaNANavimAriyapaNamuciyaki TERISTITTENaparimayAhiMdihAvamayAviparIyAhAkAlamaidAyarimuvaSamayAuMdaudhaNyADaNalAya yAkunayAmavidamahalakadamAvaNavidhAparaRya yoDinavisamAdhaNayaDavinavinatanAgrAma myAnamAraneNatAmuki jahakSiAkarmalapaDivivisi mANasAdara HimNiyanamavArasikAnAvarAzvamaiva3sava mhAvAhaniNirataka mAnabamasaviNA zrAvAmukaramajamaNivAmAnaMdamaNivirAminadamAsAkAra dApayAmAkATakarAvaMdehAsAvirakagilamaNakAlaghAsAdhanAAdUpaviNI mAriyAyajhanidhAyakahitamAdhipahimamamamamichamiDaMkyapavi mahAkavi raidhU kRta paumacariu (dillIprati) kI aprakAzita jIrNazIrNa prati ke kaTe-phaTe do patra (paM. pannAlAlajI agravAla, naI dillI ke saujanya se phoTo prati prApta)

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hAthIgumphA-zilAlekha ke mUla brAhmIlipi kA devanAgarI rUpAntaraNa - AcArya zrI vidyAnanda munirAja jI dvArA prApta (de. pR. 17) 1. Namo arahatAnaM Namo savasidhAnaM aireNa mahArAjena mahAmeghavAhanena cetirAjavasavadhena pasuthasubhalakhanena NaguNa upetena kaliMgAdhipatinAsirikhAravelena paMdarasavasAni sirikaDArasarIravatA kIDitA kumArakIDikA tato lekharUpagaNanAvavahAravidhi visAradena savavijAvadAtena navavasAni yovarAjapasAsitaM saMpuNaM catuvIsativaso tadAni vadhamAnasesayo veNAbhivijayo tatiye 3. kaliMgarAjavase purisayuge mahArAjAbhisecanaM pApunAti abhisitamato ca padhame vase vAtavihatagopurapAkAranivesanaM paTisaMkhArayati kaliMganagari khibIra isItAlataDAgapADiyo ca baMdhApayati savUyAnapaTisaMThapanaM ca 4. kArayati paNatIsAhi satasahasehi pakatiyo ca raMjayati ditiye ca vase acitayitA sAtakaNiM pachimadisaM hayagajanararadhabahulaM daMDaM paThApayati kanhabenaM gatAya ca senAya vitAsiti asikanagaraM tatiye puna vase 5. gaMdhavavedabudho dapanatagItavAditasaMdasanAhi usavasamAjA-kArApanAhi ca kIDApayati nagariM tathA catuthe vase vijAdharAdhivAsaM ahatapurva kaliMgapuvArAjanive .......taM ....... ......vitadhi makuTasavila........te ca nikhitachata 6. bhiMgAre hitaratanasapateye savAThikabhojake pAde vaMdapayati paMcame cedAnI vase naMdarAjativasasata oghaTita tanasuliyavATA-panADinagaraM pavesa ..........ti so.........bhisito ca .......seyaM saMdasayaMto sabakaravaNa 7. anugaha anekAni satasahasAni visajati porajAnapadaM satamaM ca vasaM pasAsato vajiragharavatighusitadhArini sa matakapada-puMnodayata ........... aThame ca vase mahatI senAya ma ...... __ghAtApayitA rAjagaha upapIDapayati etinA ca kaMmapadAna sanAdena saMbatasene vAhane vipamucitaM madhura apayAto yavanarAjaDimita .......... yachati ti ................... palavabhAra kamarukhe hayagajarathasaha yati savagharAvAsaparivasane agi ............yA savagahanaM ca kArayitu bAmaNAnaM jati parihAraM dadAti arahato ....... va ............... sa ...........gIyata ...............mAnati rAjanivAsaM mahAvijayapAsAdaM kArayati aThatisAya satasahasehi dasame ca vase daMDasaMdhIsa ............. mayo bharadhavasapaThAnaM mahajaya ........ kArApayati ..........payAtAnaM .............. maniratanAni upalabhate 11. puvarAjanivesitaM pIthuDuM gadabhanaMgalena kAsayati janapadabhAvanaM ca terasavasasatakataM midati tamiradehasaMghAta bArasame ca base .............seMhi vitAsayati utarApadharAjAno 12. mAgadhAnaM ca vipulaM bhayaM janeto hathasugaMgIya pAyayati magadha ca rAjAnaM bahasatimitaM pAde vadApayati kAliMgajinaM saMnivesa ..........ratanapariharehi aMgamagadhavasuM ca nayati 13. katujatharalakhila gopurAni siMharAni nivesayati satavisikanaM parihArehi abhutamachariyaM ca hathInAdanaM pariharahi ............hayahathIratanamANika paMDarAjA cedAni anekamatamaNiratanAni Aharapayati idha sata 14. no vasIkaroti terasame ca vase supavatavijayacake kumArIpavate arahate pakhiNasaMsitehi kAyanisIdiyAya yApUjAvakehi rAjabhatini cinavatAni vasasatAni pUjAnurata uvAsa ........ ravelasarinA jIvadeha kA parikhitA 15. sakata-samaNa-suvihitAnaM ca savadisInaM AninaM tapasi isinaM saMghayanaM arahatanisIdiyA samIpe pabhAre varAkArasamuthApitAhi anekayojanAhitAhi pa................. silAhi siMhapatharAtri sidhaLAya 16. paTalako catare ya veDiriyagabhe thaMbhe patiThApayati pAnatariga satasahase .............. muriyakAlavochina ca coyaThaaMgasatikaM turiyaM upAdayati khemarAjA sa vaTharAjA sa bhikhurAjA dhamarAjA pasato sunato anubhavato kalAnAni 17. yugavisesakusalo savapAsaMDapUjako savade ................ tanasaMkArakArako apatihata cakIvAhanabalo cakadhuro gutacako pavatacako rAjasi vasakulavinaniTo mahAvijayo rAjA khAravelasiri pAki

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16 Letest god lu 4:4 hkd Ix+ DIFLIX'S KEN GRE TARISA 6046) ADU eto 94 1808C+Dx8 4] NOT CR BAL 145-01 26,6. ECK PAK$18 KUTKALAUDE XPERDRY OED & samrATa azoka ke giranAra parvata kI talahaTI meM prApta tRtIya, caturtha evaM paMcama zilAlekha, jinameM samrATa azoka ne apane sAmrAjya meM zAnti-vyavasthA, sarvadharmasamanvaya, prANi-hatyA-niSedha tathA suzAsana hetu niyukta vividha adhikAriyoM ke karttavyoM evaM adhikAroM kI carcA kI hai| (kAla I. pU. cauthI sadI, lipi-brAhmI, bhASAM prAkRta)

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lAsarakhyAtalI mArakaM mAmapaliIkArajaetalAkalaMsonalorAyalakAyasadIya aMkabATa robaNalogavaNanAzyAMvanAThiAkakamapnaskalAsAMtoskuTenakulamo karAnikaMdasanatAsItAsatAnasthigaNezarAmakarasAcosarayATomavananivArajemakahetimaplaka RsnAsadelagAra ekamAranaujAyanazyalodipAraspaphDIpArakenarAkaraNazakAra SAR vanavAsI rAma hanumAna ko apanI pahicAna-mudrA dekara unheM sItA khoja karane ke lie preSita karate haiN|

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sujAtopadezAedAla kapirekhIyAsAdhakadaijIcakanavamhapAsa dehasTeTale kALato lAgataphAko hAdaralapAsovatAnAnIdanAna ekadhAromAnakA2rAma-mananArameTenArameyamyAna lasammAnacinoTanagama ekadhAodhyAna kA joganasAthyAjogI jiunagavAnakAmarAgarAcAyAdhI kadhAromAnaka04 cyAyociMkamananAMgaNATayArAjAnajemsamareniMkabanane ekachayAromAnaka05zvaralA 'skhetAramaMtInahInadayAnadhikattAparaNAmadarAbe ekathAromAnaka06pAspAnApAlI sAdhirAzamAna mehanAjalasAthimanasA ekaTAromAnaka07 mUMdaDAmukavayakerIgAleredhare jAliekadinApakArAlalade UzalaSadeka08 yAcanAcU malinalijeresahA jemaesa sAcamAnavAtasayatakA kAmukaviyonizmaremanita sAdhyAhApavilamaNalaMka patiziradAyohIdabika017 sabaladalasAjasapo sabarI henaresa melIyAasmAkaliI manaranasubisasaka 5jana liga kirAnAvanalagA NSTRARETTES A udio PLEASE hanumAna sItA kA patA lagAkara tathA sItA kI pahicAna-mudrA rAma ko arpita karate haiN|

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THATAMIL RonAhAnAmatImAnIyo' zrIrAmaka romAmAcarasa praNamAInijapasvAranaranimA nayamacAtyA maanaapaar| kabATajAtAgirImaTiM'7 umAdaudAra pakAyAnorosau4 nalinivAraka04mA yamlarIveyahAtha kATadIchInAma rIsaemuphalAmakA ajaka iMcamakA 15 emakatAiTala nAlIyArAyanajAyazakSakAlava lAmaphUTanagaranAlojAyaka - pamaheMusadiMDanIyazcidisaputrasameamAmAhAmukimAninAmaviNahIka07janAsayAkagharesa nadImAciribATaanjAyai lalItAkoTika0 18lakAnichAliyaDIyAsacinanazcAyadoznI / RamanalAyAmamanaTalAyaka ebnumaM5nivArakApanamukaThiNakAravAminAtokAmanAca elagAnIbAra kaNmAralijhaMekAvaNa mAyakulakRyajAya kAmakAraMjA karisobaUpalAyakA ALAN RANILERNATUTE PiDATE hanumAna dvArA batAe hue mArga se rAma vAnara senA ke sAtha laMkA kI ora jA rahe haiN| rAmayazorasAyanarAsa (muni dezarAja) se zrImAn bAbU subodhakumAra jaina (ArA, bihAra) ke saujanya se praapt| (de. pRSTha saM. 6)

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S50000 zrI sItAjI kI agnipriikssaa| muni kezarAja kRta rAmayazorasAyanarAsa (jaina-rAmAyaNa) jaina siddhAnta bhavana, ArA (bihAra) se prakAzita aura zrI subodhakumAra jaina ke saujanya se praapt| (de. pRSTha saM. 6)

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piSTanirmita murge kI bali hetu mAtA candramatI dvArA yazodhara ko protsAhana (nijI pANDulipi) (yazodhara carita - DA. kamalA garga, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, 1661 se sAbhAra) CHUNT MINE zrI dhavala tIrtha zravaNa belagolA (karnATaka) meM caMdragiri para sthApita eka ati sundara pASANa lekha athavA prastara paaNddulipi| (lgabhaga 11 vIM-12 vIM sadI)

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yarisamalamavADipaTasaavaheriyakhalAyA supAmahavA divahiMparAinuparyAya madAharapathagArAvaDajamadahaNakhANa tarakasa marAjayasamAre mAyaMdagoLI gAdaliyakoregAvakivIsa marza jAma tadivimiriyasa pakSatAmapaNaveNiterdinupamA sAkhaDagA liyapAvAvalevA parisamiratA makharAmazarmata kikiraNivAhiNijhaNva te karisabahiriyadinakkacAke pazsara hidkiNpukhrkssisaalaatsunnvispshchi| bAgapavanamA raNabInatIka abhimAnameru, abhimAna-cinha evaM kAvya-pizAca jaise virudadhArI tathA sarasvatI ko bhI cunautI dene vAle mahAn svAbhimAnI apabhraMza mahAkavi puSpadanta kisI bAta para apamAna kA anubhava kara cupacApa apane nareza kA rAjya chor3akara eka nirjana vana meM pahuMce tathA vahA~ eka vRkSa ke nIce jaba vizrAma kara rahe the, tabhI sahasA rASTrakUTa-nareza ke mahAmantrI bharata nanna ke sAtha vahA~ pahu~cate haiM aura unake nirjana vana meM akele hI bhaTakane kA kAraNa pUchate haiM, to ve apane uttara meM kaha rahe haiM - pahAr3a kI guphA meM rahakara ghAsa-phUsa khAkara jIvana-yApana kara lenA acchA, kintu avivekI tathA Ter3hI-mer3hI bhauhoM ko dekhate-sahate hue kisI kA susvAda bhojana karanA upayukta nhiiN| mahAkavi puSpadanta kRta apabhraMza AdipurANa (mahApurANAntargata) kI prazasti se-pro. DaoN. kamalacanda jI sogAnI, jayapura ke saujanya se prApta /

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O EBI 8888 cakravartI- pada prApta karane ke bAda samrATa khAravela ne kalpavRkSa mahApUjA kI thI, jisameM usane agaNita brAhmaNoM evaM zramaNoM ko mu~hamA~gA dAna diyA thaa| khAravela kalpavRkSa kI pUjA karatA huA / (kharavela zilAlekha paMkti saMkhyA 6), udayagiri guphAoM ke bhitti citroM para AdhArita zyAmasundara paTanAyaka kI peMTiMgsa se sAbhAra (de. pRSTha saM. 27)

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33 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha upalabdha malliSeNaprazasti meM eka rocaka ghaTanA kI sUcanA milatI hai| usake anusAra akalaMkadeva apane sammAna kI prApti ke upalakSya meM rAjA dantidurga se kahate haiM 46 - rAjan ! sAhasatuMga santi bahavo zvetAtapatrAH nRpAH kintu tvatsadRzaraNe vijayinasatyAnonnatA durlabhAH / tad vat santi budhA na santi kavayo vAdIzvarA vAgmino, nAnA-zAstra-vicAracAturadhiyaH kAle kalau madvidhAH / / arthAt he rAjan, he sAhasatuMga nRpa, zveta varNa vAle chatra ke dhAraka to aneka haiM, kintu Apake sadRza raNakSetra meM vijaya prApta karane vAle nareza durlabha hI haiM aura he nRpa, vidvAn to aneka haiM kintu isa kali-kAla meM nAnA prakAra ke zAstroM ke vicAroM meM catura buddhivAle mere samAna vAgmI aura vAdIzvara bhI durlabha hI haiN| karnATaka ke zilAlekhoM se yaha bhI spaSTa vidita hotA hai ki vahA~ ke rAjavaMzoM kI sthApanA meM jisa prakAra jainAcAryoM kA sakriya sahayoga rahA, usI prakAra vahA~ ke zrAvaka-zreSThiyoM, zrAvikAoM tathA kRSakavarga kA bhI apane rAjyoM kI zrI-samRddhi evaM zramaNa-saMskRti ke vikAsa meM aparimita yogadAna rhaa| vastutaH vahA~ ke tapaHpUta jainAcAryoM ne suyogya vyaktiyoM ko rAjanIti, arthanIti, raNanIti, vidhi-vyavasthA tathA cikitsA Adi kI zikSAe~ pradAna kara athavA karavAkara unheM yogya banAyA aura unhoMne bhI kRtajJatA jJApita karane hetu sAmrAjya ke sarvAMgINa vikAsa ke liye hara prakAra ke samarpita racanAtmaka sahayoga kiye| inhIM ke kAraNa karnATaka kA madhyakAla svarNakAla bana skaa| ina logoM kI kuzalatA tathA Arthika sahayoga se hummaca ke paTTaNa-svAmI kA jinAlaya, mAguDI kA vizAla jinAlaya, ekkoTi jinAlaya, hollalakere meM zAntinAtha kI jIrNavasadi ke uddhAra ke sAtha-sAtha unhoMne sAmAnya janatA ke liye aneka jalakUpoM, sarovaroM, dharmazAlAoM evaM vidyAlayoM ke nirmANa kraaye| aise dhanakubera zeTTiyoM (yA zreSThiyoM) meM samyaktvavArAzi, nokkaraya zeTTi (san 1062), tatvArthasUtra kI kannar3a-TIkA kartA divAkara-zeTTi, zilAhAra senApati kAlana, raTTanareza kArtavIrya, zaMkara sAmanta (1282 I.) mummuri daNDa, soma gauDA, bAhubali zeTTi, pArizeTi, areya-mareya nAyaka, Adi kI gaurava-gAthAe~ vahA~ ke zilAlekhoM meM bharI par3I haiN| karnATaka kI yazasvinI mahilAe~ zilAlekhoM meM madhyakAlIna yazasvinI jaina mahilAoM ke vibhinna kSetroM meM racanAtmaka yogadAnoM kI bhI carcAe~ AI haiN| nAgarakhaNDa kI prazAsikA vIrAMganA tathA suzrAvikA jakkiyavve (611 I.), senApati nAgadeva kI patnI attimavve (10vIM sadI), jisane ki kavi ponna kRta zAntinAtha purANa kI tADapatrIya pANDulipi kI 1000 pratilipiyA~ karAkara samasta jaina-kendroM evaM mandiroM meM surakSita karAte hue, svarNa evaM 46. zravaNavelagolA meM upalabdha malliSeNa-prazasti

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34 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha hIrA - mANikyAdi kI 1500 mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa karAyA thA / 30 varSoM taka kaThora tapasyA karane vAlI viduSI sAdhikA pAmavve (671 I.) rAjendra koMgAlava kI viduSI zrAvikA mAtA pocavvarasI (1050 I.), kadamba - zAsaka kIrtideva kI jyeSThA rAnI mAlala devI (1077 I.) zAntara-rAjavaMza kI aneka mandiroM, vasadiyoM, sarovaroM, snAnagRhoM, dAnazAlAoM evaM zikSAlayoM kI nirmAtrI caTTaladevI (11vIM sadI), vAdIbhasiMha, ajitasena, paNDitadeva kI ziSyA rAjakumArI pampAdevI, gaMgarAja rAnI lakSmIyAmbi ke senApati boppa kI dharmapatnI suzrAvikA jakkaNavve, jaina senApati puNNitamayya kI dharmapatnI jakkiyavve, hoyasalanareza viSNuvardhana kI dharmapatnI tathA zravaNabelagolA meM savattigandhavAraNa-vasadi kI nirmAtrI suzrAvikA zAntalA devI (1131 I.), candramauli mantrivara kI dharmapatnI AcaladevI Adi aisI sannAriyA~ haiM, jinake anekavidha lokakalyANakArI kAryoM ke liye vibhinna kannar3a evaM saMskRta zilAlekhoM meM sAdara smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| hoyasala vaMza ke saMsthApaka sudatta-vardhamAna dakSiNa bhArata ke san 1176 ke eka zilAlekha ke anusAra jisa prakAra gaMga-vaMza kI sthApanA daDiga evaM mAdhava kI kaThina parIkSA lekara unheM rAjyAsIna karAyA gayA thA, usI prakAra zravaNabelagolA ke zilAlekha saM. 56 ke anusAra sudatta vardhamAna ne bhI apane ziSya sala kI kaThina parIkSA lekara use rAjyAbhiSikta karAyA thA / prANihantA vikarAla siMha ko mAra dene ke kAraNa isI sala kA nAma poyasala (mArasala huA, jo Age calakara hoyasala ke nAma se prasiddha huA 50 / jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai, karnATaka ke madhyakAlIna jaina-zilAlekhoM se spaSTa vidita hotA hai ki isa rAjavaMza ne prajAjanoM ke kalyANa ke liye jahA~ aneka mandiroM, kUpoM, tar3AgoM evaM bAvar3iyoM ke nirmANa karAye, aneka jaina mandiroM ke jIrNoddhAra evaM nava-nirmANa meM sahAyatAe~ kI, jaina muniyoM, AcAryoM ko sammAna diyA, vahIM jaina sAhitya evaM sAhityakAroM ko AzrayadAna bhI diyaa| mUlasaMghI dezIgaNa kundakundAnvayI devendra siddhAnti deva, caturmukhadeva ke ziSya gopanandi paNDitadeva, rAjA ballAla (prathama) ke guru cArukIrti muni, (san 1100-1106), zrutakIrtideva, rAnI zAntalA devI, guru zrIpAla traividyadeva, samyaktvacUr3AmaNi kI upAdhi se vibhUSita tathA kellaMgere, baMkApura tathA koppaNa ko jaina-kendroM ke rUpa meM vikasita karane vAle senApati hulla, mUlasaMgha dezIgaNa ke bAlacandra muni, narasiMhadeva ke dharmaguru - balAtkAragaNa ke mAghanandi siddhAntadeva, kumudendu yogI, jaisI vibhUtiyA~ isI samaya meM huI / abhinavasAra- catuSTaya (siddhAntasAra, zrAvakAcArasAra, padArthasAra tathA zAstrasAra) jaise mahanIya granthoM kI racanA bhI isI kAla meM kI gii| 50. Medieval Jainism P. 63-73.

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha dakSiNa kA cAlukya-vaMza madhyakAlIna bhAratIya itihAsa ke nirmANa tathA jaina-sAhitya ke vikAsa meM dakSiNa ke zilAlekhoM tathA pANDulipiyoM kI prazastiyoM ke anusAra cAlukyoM ke yogadAnoM ko bhI vismRta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| DaoN. bhANDArakara ke anusAra "vAdAmI ke cAlukyoM ke zAsanakAla meM jainadharma ko pramukhatA milI kyoMki cAlukyoM ke kisI bhI abhilekha yA prazasti meM bauddhadharma ko saMrakSaNa dene kI sUcanA nahIM miltii| isake viparIta jainadharma ke aise aneka ullekha unameM milate haiM, jinase cAlukyoM dvArA jainadharma ko saMrakSaNa diye jAne kI sUcanAe~ milatI haiM 51 " / / isa vaMza ke rAjAoM ne darjanoM jaina-mandiroM ke nirmANa ke liye bhUmidAna evaM dhana-dAna to diye hI, svayaM bhI aneka vizAla jaina-mandiroM ke nirmANa bhI kraaye| rAjA satyAzraya kI pUrNa sahAyatA se jainakavi ravikIrti dvArA nirmApita jinendra kA pASANa-mandira tathA usake pravezadvAra para utkIrNita zilAlekha sarvAdhika prasiddha huaa| yaha zilAlekha aihole-zilAlekha 52 ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| use ukta kavi ravikIrti ne likhA thA tathA apanI kavitva-zakti kI tulanA kAlidAsa evaM bhAravi se kI thii| isase ravikIrti kI kavitva-zakti kA to patA calatA hI hai, sAtha hI kAlidAsa evaM bhAravi meM se pUrvavartI kauna thA, itihAsa ke isa vikaTa vibhrama ko sadA-sadA ke liye miTAne vAlA bhI siddha huaa| / cAlukyavaMza sambandhI upalabdha zilAlekhoM ke anusAra mUlavaMza devagaNa ke udayadeva-paNDita (aparanAma niravadyapaNDita) vijayadeva-paNDita, kannar3a kavi pampa (641 I.), kavi-cakravartI ranna, vimalacandra-paNDita deva, dravir3a saMgha-pustaka-gaccha ke traikAlamuni-bhaTTAraka, viduSIratna zAntiyavve, mahAkavi vAdirAja, dayApAla, puSparSaNa siddhAntadeva jaise AcArya vidvAn-lekhaka isI rAjavaMza meM saMrakSaNa prApta kara jaina sAhitya aura saMskRti kI sevA evaM use vikasita kara ske| jisa prakAra prAcya bhAratIya itihAsa ke nirmANa meM baDalI (ajamera) zilAlekha, priyadarzI samrATa azoka evaM kaliMga samrATa khAravela ke zilAlekhoM kA yogadAna rahA, usI prakAra dakSiNa-bhArata ke madhyakAlIna itihAsa ke nirmANa meM gaMga, rASTrakUTa, hoyasala, pallava, evaM cAlukya vaMza se sambandhita zilAlekhoM ne mahatvapUrNa yogadAna kiyA hai| ina zilAlekhoM ke binA dakSiNa ke samagra itihAsa-lekhana kA kArya sambhava na thaa| ghaTyAlA (jodhapura) kA kakkuka-zilAlekha 6 vI, 10 vIM sadI ke kakkuka zilAlekha meM, jo ki jodhapura ke pAsa ghaTyAlA grAma meM eka stambha para TaMkita hai, usameM pratihAra-vaMza kI utpatti evaM usake rAjavaMza kI 49. The Early History of the Deccan P.75. 52. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, (mANika. di. jaina graMthamAlA, bambaI) prathama bhAga, lekhAMka 108

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36 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha nAmAvalI prastuta kI gaI hai| isa zilAlekha meM kakkuka dvArA eka jainamandira ke nirmANa tathA prajAjanoM kI suvidhA ke lie cahAradivArI se ghire hue surakSita eka hATa-bAjAra (Market) ke banAe jAne kI bhI carcA kI gaI hai| jainoM ke sarvadharma-samanvayakArI tathA sArvajanika kalyANakArI kAryoM ke itihAsa kI jAnakArI kI dRSTi se ukta zilAlekha kA vizeSa mahatva hai / vartamAnakAlIna mArkeToM (hATa-bAjAroM) kI paramparA bhArata meM sambhavataH rAjA kakkuka ke samaya se prArambha huii| isakI AvazyakatA isalie par3I hogI kyoMki vaha samaya videzI AkramaNoM kA thA, usake kAraNa rAjanaitika asthiratA, sAmAjika avyavasthA, Arthika durAvasthA, sarvatra asurakSA evaM bhaya ke vyApta hone ke kAraNa nAgarikoM ko usase ubArane tathA dainika AvazyakatAoM kI sAmagrI evaM khAdyAnnAdi kI pUrti hetu eka dvAra vAle eka surakSita caturdika gherebandI meM suvidhA sampanna hATa-bAjAra banAne kI paramparA kA AviSkAra kiyA gyaa| kakkuka - zilAlekha ke anusAra usa (rAjA kakkuka) ne rohiMsakUpa (ghaTyAlA, jodhapura, rAjasthAna) meM mahAjanoM, brAhmaNoM, senA tathA vyApAriyoM ke lie eka vizAla hATa-bAjAra banavAkara apanI kIrti kA vistAra kiyA thA yathA sirikakkuNa haTTa mahAjaNaM-vippa-payai-vaNi-bahulaM / rohiMsakUvagAme NivesiyaM kittividdhIe / 20 / / niSkarSa yaha ki zilAlekhoM ke rUpa meM upalabdha ina zilAlekhIya pANDulipiyoM ne yadi bhAratIya itihAsa ke sAtha-sAtha jaina itihAsa ko bhI surakSita na rakhA hotA, to Aja zramaNa-saMskRti kA itihAsa hI nahIM balki bhAratIya itihAsa bhI sambhavataH andhakAra- yuga meM vicaraNa karatA rahatA / 53 jaina pANDulipiyA~-tAr3apatrIya evaM kargalIya-prazastiyoM meM upalabdha kucha rocaka aitihAsika sAmagrI jaina pANDulipiyA~ apanI aneka maulika vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa deza-videza ke prAcya vidyAvidoM ke lie Azcarya evaM AkarSaNa kI viSaya rahI haiM kyoMki unameM jIvana evaM jagata ke prAyaH sabhI pakSoM ke saMkSipta yA vistRta citraNa upalabdha hote haiN| 53. aitihAsika dRSTi se atyadhika mahatvapUrNa hone para bhI unakA bahuAyAmI niSpakSa vistRta adhyayana na ho pAne ke kAraNa suprasiddha itihAsakAra evaM purAtatvetA DaoN. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla ne vihala mana se ThIka hI likhA thA - "itihAsa ke sraSTA to cale gaye, para sraSTa- itihAsa ko ekatra karane vAle bhI utpanna nahIM ho rhe| apanI hI miTTI meM apane bahumUlya ratna dabe par3e haiN| unako hamane apane pairoM se rauMdA hai| inako cunane ke liye samudra ke usa pAra se TaoNDa, phArvIsa, graoNsa, kaniMghama, Adi aaye| ve itihAsa - gaveSaNA ke liye niyukta nahIM kiye gaye the, para ve apane rAjakIya kArya ke bAda avakAza ke samaya yahAeN kI prema-gAthAe~ tathA zaurya-kathAoM se prabhAvita hue| inakA svara unake kAnoM meM pdd'aa| usI pukAra ne unake hRdaya meM zodhaka - buddhi utpanna kara dii|' ( DaoN. agravAla ke eka bhASaNa kA aMza)

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37 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha jaisI ki prAcIna paramparA milatI hai, AdhyAtmika santa, AcArya-lekhakagaNa loka-khyAti se prAyaH dUra hI rahate rahe / yahI kAraNa hai ki unake lokArpita viziSTa granthoM meM unake AtmavRttoM ke ullikhita na hone ke kAraNa unake jIvanavRtta prAyaH ajJAta athavA vivAdAspada jaise hI bane rhe| isa koTi meM AcArya guNadhara, puSpadanta, bhUtabali evaM kundakunda hI nahIM, AcArya zivArya, kArtikeya aura yahA~ taka ki mahAkavi bhAsa, zUdraka evaM kAlidAsa prabhRti kI bhI dIrghakAla taka yahI sthiti banI rhii| ina sabhI ke nirvivAda prAmANika jIvanavRttoM se hama sadA-sadA ke liye anabhijJa hI raha jAte, yadi zodha-prajJoM ne unakI khoja ke liye Adhunika vaijJAnika paddhati ke prayoga na kiye hote aura prAcya-vidyA-jagat ko prAcya-zilAlekhoM evaM pANDulipiyoM kI prazastiyoM tathA anya kasauTiyoM ke mAdhyama se unake itivRttoM kI jAnakArI na dI hotii| bhale hI ve adhikAMzataH sarvasammata na bana ske| madhyakAlIna AcArya-lekhakoM ne itihAsa ke ukta upekSita tathya kA sambhavataH gambhIratA se anubhava kiyA thaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne apane granthoM ke Adi evaM anta meM prazastiyA~ likhakara unameM Atmaparicaya, grantha-lekhana-kAla tathA grantha-lekhana-sthala Adi ke ullekha kiye haiN| granthAnta meM pratilipikAroM ne bhI apanI puSpikAoM meM grantha kA pratilipikAla aura pratilipi-sthaloM ke ullekha kiye haiN| inake atirikta bhI prazastiyoM meM lekhakoM tathA pratilipikAroM ne samakAlIna rAjAoM, nagara-zreSThiyoM AzrayadAtAoM tathA bhaTTAraka-guru-paramparA ke sAtha-sAtha pUrvavartI sAhitya evaM sAhityakAroM ke ullekha bhI kiye haiM, jo vividha pakSIya itihAsa kI vizrRMkhalita kar3iyoM ko jor3ane meM vizeSa sahAyaka haiN| udAharaNArtha kucha tathya yahA~ prastuta kiye jA rahe haiM eka zilAlekhIya prazasti ke anusAra gaMgarAja avinIta ne (vi. saM. 523) AcArya devanandi-pUjyapAda (vi.saM. 521-581) ko pUrNa sammAna hI nahIM diyA, balki unake sAnnidhya meM apane rAjakumAra durvinIta ke lie zikSA bhI pradAna kraaii| guru kI preraNA se isa rAjakumAra durvinIta ne bhI talakADa (karnATaka) meM sarva-suvidhA-sampanna eka jaina-vidyApITha kI sthApanA kI, jisameM AcArya, muni Adi ne baiThakara jaina-darzana, sAhitya evaM AcArAdi ke sAtha-sAtha chanda, vyAkaraNa, Ayurveda, rAjanIti evaM lakSaNa-granthoM kI racanAe~ kI thiiN| isameM lekhana -kalA kI saiddhAntika evaM prAyogika zikSA bhI pradAna kI jAtI thI 54 | (2) eka anya prazasti ke anusAra rASTrakUTa-vaMzI samrATa amoghavarSa (6vIM sadI), jise ki jaina-samAja apanA vIra-vikramAditya mAnatA hai, aura arabI itihAsakAra sulemAna ne bhI jise apane samaya ke vizva ke 54.. atIta ke pRSThoM se (lekhaka DaoN.rAjArAma jaina) pR. 4, 6.

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38 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha pradhAna 4 samrAToM meM se use agragaNya mAnA thA 55, usane dhavalA TIkAkAra vIrasena svAmI ke paTTaziSya AcArya jinasena ko apanA guru mAnA thaa| usane jinavANI ke uddhAra tathA lekhana ke lie vATanagara meM eka jaina-vidyApITha kI sthApanA kI thI, jisake adhiSThAtA svayaM AcArya jinasena the 56 | jinasena ne svayaM to ucca zreNI ke grantha likhe hI, sAtha hI vIrasena svAmI ke svargArohaNa ke bAda unake adhUre TIkA-kAryoM ko bhI pUrNa kiyA thaa| jinasena ke paTTaziSya AcArya guNabhadra ne bhI jinasena ke svargavAsa ke bAda unake adhUre mahApurANa 57 ko unhIM kI bhASA-zailI meM pUrNakara usake pUraka ke rUpa meM uttarapurANa 58 kI racanA kI thii| prazastiyoM ke anusAra ina AcAryoM ke atirikta bhI ukta vidyApITha meM baiThakara AyurvedazAstrajJa AcArya ugrAditya, gaNitajJa mahAvIrAcArya evaM vaiyAkaraNa zAkaTAyana-pAlyakIrti prabhRti AcAryoM ne bhI gambhIra sAhitya-sAdhanA kI thii| ukta samrATa amoghavarSa ne kula milAkara lagabhaga 63 varSoM taka rAjya kiyA aura anta meM apane pitA ke samAna hI rAjyapATa tyAga kara vaha ukta AcAryoM ke sAnnidhya meM rahakara svayaM bhI uccakoTi kA kavi-lekhaka bana gayA thA aura usane svayaM bhI "kavirAjamArga', (lakSaNa-grantha) evaM "praznottararatnamAlikA" kI racanA kI, jo jaina-sAhitya kI viziSTa kRtiyoM ke rUpa meM prasiddha huii| ____ kavirAjamArga yadyapi lakSaNa-zAstra kA grantha hai kintu usake prArambha meM usakA mAtRbhUmi-prema dekhiye, kitanA mArmika bana par3A hai| usake mUla kannar3a padyoM kA aMgrejI 55. atIta ke pRSThoM se (lekhaka DaoN.rAjArAma jaina) pR. 4, 6. 56. AcArya jinasena ke sAdhanA-pUrNa virATa-vyaktitva ko samrATa amoghavarSa kitanA Adara detA thA, usake viSaya meM AcArya guNabhadra ne apanI eka prazasti meM likhA hai yasya prAMzu nakhAMzu jAla visaraddhArAntarAvirbhavat pAdAmbhojarajaH pizaGgamukuTa pratyagraratnadyutiH / saMsmartAsvamamoghavarSanRpatiH pUto'hamadyetyalam sa zrImAnjinasena pUjyabhagavatpAdo jaganmaGgalam / / arthAt zrI jinasena svAmI ke daidIpyamAna nakhoM ke kiraNa-samUha ujjvala-dhArA ke samAna kAnti phailAte the aura unake bIca unake caraNa-yugala kamala-puSpa jaise pratIta hote the| unake una caraNa-kamaloM kI raja se jaba rAjA amoghavarSa ke rAjamukuTa meM lage hue navIna ratnoM kI kAnti pIlI par3a jAtI thI, taba vaha apane Apako aisA smaraNa karatA thA ki maiM Aja atyaMta pavitra ho gayA hU~, aise pUjanIya bhagavAn jinasenAcArya kI caraNa-raja vizva ke liye maMgalakArI siddha ho| (uttarapurANa antya prazasti padya saM. 6) 57.-58.mahApurANa (aparanAma triSaSThizalAkAmahApuruSacarita)-do khaNDoM meM vibhakta hai-AdipurANa evaM uttarapurANa | AdipurANa meM bha. RSabhadeva kA vistRta jIvana-carita varNita hai aura uttarapurANa meM avaziSTa 23 tIrthaMkaroM tathA anya zalAkA-mahApuruSoM kA jIvana-carita varNita hai| __ AdipurANa meM kula 12 sahasra zloka tathA 47 parva (athavA adhyAya) haiN| inameM se 42 parva sampUrNa tathA 43veM parva ke 3 zloka jinasena kRta tathA bAkI ke parvo ke 1620 zloka unake ziSya AcArya guNabhadra kRta haiN|

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36 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha evaM hindI anuvAda udAharaNArtha yahA~ prastuta hai In all the circle of the Earth No fairer land you will find. Than that where rich sweet Kannada voices the people's mind. arthAt samasta bhUmaNDala meM, aisA sundaratara bhUkhaNDa Apako kahIM bhI dikhAI nahIM degA, jahA~ loka-mAnasa dvArA sahaja svAbhAvika rUpa meM niHsRta samRddha kannar3a ke madhura-saMgIta ke samakakSa, hRdayAvarjaka saMgIta sunAI detA ho| (1) The people of that land are skilled To speak in rhythmic tone. And quick to grasp a poet's thought So kindered to their own. usa karnATaka-bhUmi ke mUla nivAsI jana, svara evaM layabaddha saMgItAtmaka dhvaniyoM meM aise janma-jAta pratibhA sampanna hote haiM, ki ve kisI bhI kavi kI antaraMga bhAva-bhUmi ko tatkAla hI AtmasAt kara lene meM sakSama haiM aura svayaM bhI ve bar3e saMvedanazIla rahate haiN| (2) Not students only, but the folk untutored in the schools By instinct use and understand The strict poetic rules. (1/36-38) arthAt usa karnATaka ke kevala vidyArthIgaNa hI nahIM, apitu sarvathA-azikSita grAmyajana bhI, jinhoMne ki vidyAlayoM meM kabhI bhI vidhivat zikSA grahaNa nahIM kI, ve bhI, apanI sahaja svAbhAvika pratibhA ke bala para kAvya-vidhA ke paramparAgata niyamoM ko samajhate haiM, tathA apane loka-saMgIta meM svayaM unakA prayoga bhI kar3AI ke sAtha kiyA karate haiN| (3) praznottararatnamAlikA kI pANDulipi durbhAgya se bhArata meM lupta ho cukI thii| saMyoga se san 1971-1672 meM usakI tibbatI-lipi evaM tibbatI-anuvAda ke sAtha eka pANDulipi tibbata ke eka granthAgAra meM upalabdha huI thI, jisakA AcArya zrI vidyAnandajI ke prayatnoM se hindI evaM anya bhAratIya bhASAoM meM anuvAda huaa| udAharaNArtha usakA eka mArmika padya yahA~ uddhRta hai " kiM zocyaM kArpaNyaM sati vibhave kiM prazasyamaudAryam / tanuravittasya tathA prabhaviSNoryatsahiSNutvam / / 25 / / arthAt - prazna - vaibhava-sampatti ke hote hue bhI zocanIya viSaya kyA hai ? uttara - kRpaNatA arthAt vaibhava-sampatti kA na to svayaM upabhoga karanA, aura na hI use supAtroM ko dAna meM denaa|

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40 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha prazna - vaibhava ke hone para prazaMsanIya viSaya kyA hai ? uttara - udAratA, jisase sva-para ko sukha-santoSa milatA hai| prazna - dhana-vihIna puruSa kI prazaMsanIya bAta kauna-sI mAnI jAne yogya hai! uttara - udAratA, mAnavatA evaM Rjutaa| prazna - zakti-sampanna puruSoM kA sarAhanIya guNa kauna-sA hai ? uttara - sahiSNutA, kSamAzIlatA evaM nyaaypriytaa| amoghavarSa ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ke AdhAra para suprasiddha itihAsakAra DaoN. rA.go.bhaNDArakara ne likhA hai ki-" samasta rASTrakUTa rAjAoM meM samrATa amoghavarSa jainadharma kA mahAn saMrakSaka thA aura yaha bAta satya pratIta hotI hai ki usane svayaM jainadharma dhAraNa kiyA thA 56 | " / (3) apabhraMza ke triSaSThizalAkAmahApurANapuruSacarita (aparanAma mahApurANa) kI Adya-prazasti se vidita hotA hai ki mahAmaMtrI bharata evaM nanna ne mahAkavi puSpadanta ko anunaya-vinaya kara apane rAjamahala meM Azraya dekara apabhraMza ke uccakoTi ke sAhitya ke likhane kI preraNA dI thii| puSpadanta ne svayaM kahA hai ki " prAkRta-kavi-kAvya rasAvalubdha bharata evaM ganna parama rASTra-bhakta evaM prajAvatsala haiN| rASTra kI rakSA ke lie AyudhAstra Dhote-Dhote unake kandhe chila gae haiN| ve sAhityarasika aise haiM ki unakA rAjamahala sAhityakAroM, saMgItakAroM evaM kalAkAroM ke lie suvidhA-sampanna ucca vidyA-kendra bana gayA hai. jahA~ rahakara ve vividha prakAra ke sAhitya evaM saMgItazAstra kA praNayana evaM prayoga karate rahate haiM 60 / (4) gujarAta ke AcArya sarvAnandasUri (13 vIM-14 vIM sadI) dvArA viracita eka sundara racanA milI hai, jisakA nAma hai jgdduucrit| - isa racanA kA kathAnAyaka bhadrezvara (gujarAta) nivAsI jagaDU zAha eka dina nagara ke bAhara ghUma rahA thaa| usI samaya usakI dRSTi eka bakarI ke gale meM ba~dhe hue patthara para pdd'ii| usakI pArakhI dRSTi ne samajha liyA ki yaha koI mUlyavAn patthara hai| ataH usane bakarI ke mAlika ko mu~hamA~gA mUlya dekara use kharIda liyaa| bAda meM use sApha-sutharA kara bAjAra meM becA, to use eka lAkha svarNamudrAe~ prApta huIM kyoMki vaha eka bar3e AkAra kA nirdoSa akhaNDa asalI hIrA thaa| jagaDU isa vyApAra se itanA utsAhita huA ki dhIre-dhIre usane apanA yaha vyApAra Age bddh'aayaa| videzoM se bhI AyAta-niryAta kA vyApAra prArambha kiyA aura zIghra hI aparimita cala-acala sampatti kA svAmI bana gyaa| ukta lekhaka ke anusAra zrI-samRddhi kI sArthakatA tabhI taka hai, jaba taka ki usakA svAmI vinamra, saMvedanazIla, udAraThahRdaya, nirabhimAnI, dIna-anAthoM ke prati 56. karnATaka ke jaina kavi pR. 32 60. tisaTThimahApurANapurisaguNAlaMkAru - prazasti

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 41 karuNA-bhAvanA se otaprota tathA sarvadharma-samanvaya kI vRtti vAlA ho, vaha sArvajanika sevAoM meM sadA Age rahane vAlA ho aura jo paMca-parameSThiyoM kI upAsanA meM niraMtara tatpara rahatA ho| jagaDU meM ye sabhI guNa vidyamAna the| usane tIrthayAtrAoM ke lie vizAla saMgha nikaale| aneka jina-mandiroM para svarNakalaza car3hAe, agaNita dhvajArohaNa-samAroha kiye, vardhamAnapura (bADhavANa, gujarAta) meM vizAla kalApUrNa caubIsI-mandira kA nirmANa karAyA aura usameM mammANika-pASANa kI mahAvIra svAmI kI mUrti ke sAtha anya aneka mUrtiyA~ pratiSThita karAI, bhadrezvara meM hI usane apane muslima-bhAIyoM ke liye eka vizAla masjida tathA grAmoM-grAmoM evaM nagaroM-nagaroM kI jala sambandhI kaThinAiyoM ko dUra karane ke liye agaNita kue~, bAvar3iyA~, sarovaroM evaM bA~dhoM ke nirmANa kraaye|| eka dina jagaDU ke guru ne bhaviSyavANI kI vi. saM. 1312 ke tIna varSoM ke bAda gujarAta meM tIna varSoM kA bhayaMkara akAla pdd'egaa| isase cintita hokara jagaDU ne akAla pIr3itoM ke nimitta saikar3oM annAgAra banavAkara unameM aparimita anAja kA saMgraha karanA prAraMbha kara diyaa| vi.saM. 1313 meM vAstava meM sAre gujarAta meM vRSTi kA abhAva ho gyaa| isa kAraNa akAla par3a gyaa| sthiti itanI dayanIya ho gaI ki eka dirama (arthAt 4 Ane) meM canoM ke 13.13 dAne bikane lge| anahilavADA ke rAjA vIsaladeva apane rAjya meM bhukhamarI dekhakara dravita ho utthe| jaba unheM patA calA ki jagaDU ne apane annAgAroM meM aparimita anAjoM kA saMgraha kiyA hai, to kharIdane ke vicAra se unhoMne jagaDU ko darabAra meM bulavAkara usase apanA sArA anAja rAjya ko becane kA anurodha kiyaa| jagaDU ne rAjA se atyaMta vinamratA pUrvaka nivedana kiyA ki mahArAja - " mere pAsa apanA anna to kucha bhI nahIM hai| jo kucha hai bhI, to vaha saba to prajAjanoM kA hI (anna) hai| yadi Apako vizvAsa na ho, to calakara anna-bhaNDAra ke daravAje para likhA huA merA tAmra-paTTa svayaM par3ha leN| vIsaladeva Azcarya-cakita hokara anna-bhaNDAra ke pAsa AyA aura usa para likhe hue paTTa ko pddh'aa| usa para spaSTa likhA thA jagaDU kalpyAmAsa raMkArtha knnaanmuun| arthAt jagaDU ne yaha anna akAla-pIr3itoM ko bA~Tane ke saMkalpa se hI ekatrita kiyA hai| tatpazcAt usane apane 700 anna-bhaNDAra vIsaladeva ko bheMTa-svarUpa arpita kara diye| una anna-bhaNDAroM meM 3 karoDa 66 lAkha 60 hajAra mana se bhI adhika anAja saMcita kiyA gayA thaa| isake atirikta bhI, jagaDU ne sindhu deza ke rAjA hamIra ko 12 hajAra muDe 61 muijudIna ko 21 hajAra mur3e, kAzI ke rAjA pratApasiMha ko 32 hajAra mur3e tathA 61. eka mur3e ke barAbara 40 mana anAja hotA hai|

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42 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha cakrI (cakravartI) padadhArI skandhila ke rAjA ko 12 hajAra mur3e, anna bheMTa-svarUpa pradAna kiye| yahI nahIM, jagaDU ne sudUravartI ilAkoM meM 112 dAna-zAlAe~ khulavAIM, karor3oM lajjApiNDa baaNtte| (duSkAla ke samaya pratiSThita loga lajjAvaza kisI ke sammukha jAkara bhikSAvRtti nahIM kara sakate the, ataH unakI aura unakI bahU-beTiyoM kI pratiSThA ko bacAne ke liye bUMdI ke bar3e-bar3e laDDuoM meM svarNa-mudrAe~ yA svarNa kI jaMjIreM yA hIre-motI bharakara unheM lajjApiNDa kahakara unake ghara-ghara jAkara usane svayaM hI vitarita kiye|) isa prakAra jagaDU ne apanI arjita sampatti meM se akAla pIr3itoM evaM dukhIjanoM ke liye kula 666000 muDe arthAt 3 karoDa 66 lAkha 60 hajAra mana se adhika anAja tathA 18 karor3a svarNa-mudrAe~ lajjApiNDoM ke rUpa meM vitarita kara Atmasukha kA anubhava kiyaa| jagaDUcarita ke anusAra jagaDU kI lokapriyatA kA patA isIse calatA hai ki usakI mRtyu kA samAcAra sunate hI gujarAta kA rAjA arjunadeva phUTa-phUTakara rone lagA, sindhu deza ke rAjA ne do dinoM taka bhojana nahIM kiyA, dillI ke sulatAna ne zoka meM apanA tAja utAra kara pheMka diyA aura prajAjana to barasoM taka usakA guNagAna karate-karate bilakhate rahe aura kahate rahe-" Aja ke rAjA bali, rAjA zivi, rAjA jImUtavAhana, rAjA vikrama aura rAjA bhoja hamAre bIca se sadA-sadA ke lie antardhAna ho gaye 62 / (5) 13 vIM sadI ke harayANA-nivAsI apabhraMza mahAkavi vibudha zrIdhara ne apane pAsaNAhacariu-mahAkAvya kI prazasti meM dillI kA A~khoM dekhA varNana kiyA hai| usameM unake eka vAkya-" jahiM gayaNa-maMDalAlaggu sAlu " ne itihAsa kI eka jaTila gutthI ko sulajhA diyA / itihAsakAroM ko yaha patA nahIM laga rahA thA ki dillI ke tomaravaMzI rAjA anaMgapAla (12vIM sadI kA uttarArdha) ne apane durjeya zatru rAva hammIra para vijaya prApta kara, usakI smRti meM DhillI (dillI) meM jo eka vizAla kalApUrNa kIrtistambha kA nirmANa karAyA thA aura jise vibudha zrIdhara ne "gayaNamaMDalAlaggu sAlu" kahA thA, vaha Akhira kahA~ calA gayA? usakI avasthiti (Location) kA patA nahIM laga rahA thaa| huA yaha thA ki kutubuddIna aibaka (13vIM sadI) ne krUratApUrvaka usa kIrtistambha ko dhvasta kara diyA thaa| isI kutubuddIna aibaka ne vibudha zrIdhara ke AzrayadAtA mahAsArthavAha naTTala sAhU dvArA kIrtistambha ke samIpa meM nirmita vizAla AdinAtha-mandira 63 tathA mAnastambha ko bhI dhvasta kara unakI adhikAMza sAmagrI kutubamInAra ke nirmANa meM lagavA dI thI, jisake sAkSya san 1987 meM usa samaya mile, jaba vidyutpAta ke kAraNa kutubamInAra kA eka aMza Dhaha gayA thA aura usameM se kucha jaina-mUrtiyA~ tathA mandira ke stambha Adi nikala 62. "navanIta" (bambaI) pharavarI 1655 ke lekha ke AdhAra para sAbhAra 63. vizeSa ke lie dekhie bhAratIya jJAnapITha dvArA prakAzita vibudha zrIdharakRta (tathA pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina dvArA sampAdita) vaDDhamANacariu kI bhUmikA

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 43 par3e the| Adhunika itihAsakAra anaMgapAla tomara ke isa kIrtistambha se sambandhita aitihAsika ghaTanA se prAyaH anabhijJa jaise haiN| (6) mahAkavi raidhU ne apabhraMza, prAkRta evaM hindI ke lagabhaga tIsa-granthoM kI racanA kI hai| unakI Adi evaM anta kI prazastiyA~ aitihAsika mahatva kI haiN| unhoMne gvAliyara-zAkhA ke tomaravaMzI 7 rAjAoM kA paricaya tathA unake bahuAyAmI kArya-kalApoM kA ullekha kara Adhunika itihAsakAroM dvArA vismRta tathA upekSita ukta gauravazAlI rAjavaMza ke mahatva ko mukhara kiyA hai| raidhU ke samakAlIna gopAcala (vartamAna gvAliyara) ke tomaravaMzI rAjA DUMgarasiMha tathA unake putra rAjA kIrtisiMha vIra parAkramI nareza the| unhoMne gopAcala ke uttara meM saiyadavaMza, dakSiNa ke mA~DoM ke sultAna, jaunapura ke zarkiyoM evaM dilAvara khA~ gaurI tathA huzaMgazAha gorI ke chakke chur3Akara gopAcala ko nirApada banAyA thA 64 | rAjA DUMgarasiMha tomara ne apane ko ajeya samajhane vAle sultAna huzaMgazAha ke hIre-motI evaM mANikyoM kA amUlya koSa bhI chIna liyA thaa| yahA~ taka ki usake pAsa surakSita jagaprasiddha "kohinUra hIrA (jo ki bAda meM mahArAnI vikToriyA ke rAjamukuTa meM jar3A gayA), use bhI rAjA DUMgarasiMha ne usase chIna kara eka kIrtimAna sthApita kiyA thaa| durbhAgya se Adhunika itihAsa-granthoM meM isa nareza kI carcA bhI nahIM milatI 65 / . (7) cauhAna vaMza kevala dillI taka hI sImita na thA, balki usake kucha vaMzajoM ne candravADapattana (vartamAna caMdavAra, phIrojAbAda, AgarA) para bhI zAsana kiyA thaa| yaha cauhAna-paramparA, rAjA bharatapAla se prArambha hotI hai tathA usakI nau pIr3hiyoM meM rAjA rAmacandra tathA usakA putra rAjA rudrapratApasiMha cauhAna (vi.si. 1468-1510) huaa| mahAkavi raidhU kI grantha-prazastiyoM ke AdhAra para ina cauhAna-narezoM kA itihAsa taiyAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| Adhunika itihAsakAroM ne candravADapattana janapada ke ina cauhAnavaMzI narezoM ko vismRta kara diyA hai 66 | (8) raidhU-sAhitya kI prazastiyoM ke anusAra 15vIM sadI meM gvAliyara-durga meM jo agaNita jaina-mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa huA, vaha mahAkavi raidhU kI preraNA se unake bhakta rAjA DUMgarasiMha evaM unake putra rAjA kIrtisiMha ne nirmita karAI thiiN| gopAcala rAjya ke rAjya-koSa kI ora se vahA~ lagabhaga 33 varSoM taka lagAtAra jaina-mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa kArya calatA rahA thaa| itanI adhika jaina-mUrtiryoM kA nirmANa kArya dekhakara raidhU ko svayaM hI unheM agaNita evaM asaMkhya batalAte hue " gaNaNa ko sakkaI "(unakI gaNanA kauna kara sakatA hai ?) kahanA par3A thaa| 64-65. raidhU sAhitya kA AlocanAtmaka parizIlana. lekhaka-pro.DaoN.rAjArAma jaina (vaizAlI, bihAra -1674) prathama sandhi. 66. vahI.

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44 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha (6) gvAliyara-durga meM hI 80 phITa U~cI kAyotsarga-mudrA meM eka pahAr3I para ukerI huI AdinAtha kI mUrti hai, jisakA nirmAtA rAjA dUMgarasiMha kA pradhAna-mantrI kamalasiMha saMghavI (athavA siMghaI) thA tathA jisakA pratiSThA-kArya mahAkavi raidhU ne svayaM kiyA thaa| usa para aMkita mUrti-lekha ke adhyayana meM suprasiddha purAtatvavid DaoN. rAjendralAla mitrA ne aneka bhramoM ko utpanna kiyA hai| kintu mahAkavi raidhU kRta prAcIna pANDulipi "sammattaguNaNihANakavva' kI Adya-prazasti ke AdhAra para una bhramoM kA bhalI-bhA~ti saMzodhana kiyA jA sakatA hai| (10) bhAratIya itihAsa kA madhyakAla videziyoM ke AkramaNoM kA dukhada-kAla thaa| isa samaya kI vidhi-vyavasthA atyanta zocanIya thii| usa samaya bhAratIyatA, bhAratIya-prAcya vidyA ke gaurava-granthoM tathA bhAratIya-gaurava kI purAtAtvika vAstuoM kI surakSA tathA pratiSThA ko bacA pAnA bhI kabhI-kabhI kaThina lagatA thaa| usa samaya kA janajIvana asta-vyasta hone ke kAraNa saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza evaM bhAratIya darzana kI aitihAsika mUlya kI agaNita prAcIna mahatvapUrNa pANDulipiyA~ naSTa-bhraSTa, lupta, vilupta evaM anupalabdha ho gyiiN| phira bhI avaziSTa jaina-pANDulipiyoM kI prazastiyoM meM upalabdha sandarbho ke AdhAra para saMskRta evaM prAkRta ke vismRta aneka sAhityakAroM evaM unake sAhitya kI khoja athavA jAnakArI prApta kI jA sakatI hai| prazastiyoM meM upalabdha unakI sUcI bahuta vistRta hai| ataH use samagra rUpa meM prastuta kara pAnA to yahA~ sambhava nahIM, kintu udAharaNArtha kucha sAhityakAroM evaM unake granthoM ke sandarbha yahA~ prastuta kiye jA raheM kavi yA lekhaka kA sandarbhita racanAe~ vizeSa nAma evaM kAla 1. AcArya devanandi maharSi pANini vartamAna meM vaha (pUjyapAda) ke vyAkaraNa-sUtroM para graMtha anupalabdha haiN| (lagabhaga 5vIM sadI, paM. "zabdAvatAra"-nyAsa- mugdhabodha-vyAkaraNa ke yudhiSThira mImAMsaka ke nAmaka TIkA grantha- praNetA bopadeva ne inheM anusAra) kRta - (arthAt AcArya devanandi ko) pANini sahita bhArata ke 8 prAcIna pramukha vaiyAkaraNoM meM pratiSThita sthAna diyA hai| 2. kavi govinda kRta- mahAbhArata sambandhI kisI vartamAna meM anupalabdha (7vIM-8vIM sadI) prAkRta-grantha kI racanA 3. jIvadeva kRta - vIrarasa-pradhAna kisI vartamAna meM anupalabdha (6vIM-7vIM sadI) prAkRta-grantha kI racanA 4. kavi anurAga kRta- zaMkara evaM pArvatI se vartamAna meM anupalabdha (sambhavataH 5vIM-6vIM sadI) sambandhita koI zrRMgAra rasa-pradhAna saMskRta-racanA

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 45 5. sugrIva jyotiSI kRta- 1. Ayaprazna-tilaka ye sabhI racanAe~ kolhApura (8vIM sadI ke AsapAsa) 2. praznaratna (mahArASTra) ke prAcIna zAstra 3. Aya-sadbhAva bhaNDAra meM surakSita kahI 4. svapna-phala jAtI haiN| 5. sugrIva-zakuna 6. pallavakIrti kRta inakI kRtiyA~ ajJAta haiN| (8vIM sadI ke AsapAsa) 7. dharmasena inakI kRtiyA~ ajJAta haiN| (8vIM sadI ke AsapAsa) 8. sarvanandi inakI kRtiyA~ ajJAta haiN| (8vIM sadI ke AsapAsa) 6. kIrtiratna inakI kRtiyA~ ajJAta haiN| (8vIM sadI ke AsapAsa) 10. vIrabandaka inakI kRtiyA~ ajJAta haiN| (8vIM sadI ke AsapAsa) Adi Adi, (11) prAcyakAlIna prazastiyoM ke anusAra zramaNa-paramparA ke saMrakSaNa evaM vikAsa meM zraddheya bhaTTArakoM ke yogadAna ko vismRta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| inakA itihAsa bar3A hI preraNAspada evaM rocaka hai kintu usake kathA-kathana kA yahA~ avasara nahIM / dakSiNa-bhArata meM kasAyapAhaDa evaM SaTakhaNDAgama sambandhI tathA anya pramukha AcAryoM kI tADapatrIya pANDulipiyoM aura uttara-bhArata meM kargalIya pANDulipiyoM ke rUpa meM hamArI jinavANI surakSita raha sakI tathA unameM nae-nae granthoM kA jo lekhana-kArya calatA rahA, usakA adhikAMza zreya una mahAmahima bhaTTArakoM ko hI hai, jinhoMne dizA-nirdezaka, utsAhavardhaka apane agaNita kArya-kalApoM se samAja ko nirantara jAgarUka banAe rakhane ke athaka prayatna kiye| mahAkavi raidhU ne pUrvavartI evaM samakAlIna 13 bhaTTArakoM ke nAmollekha evaM unake kAryakalApoM kI saMkSipta carcA kI hai, jo sabhI kASThAsaMgha, mAthuragaccha evaM puSkaragaNa-zAkhA ke the 67 / ye sabhI bhaTTAraka parama tapasvI, pratibhA-sampanna evaM gambhIra vidvAn the| ina bhaTTArakoM meM se do ke nAma vizeSa rUpeNa ullekhanIya haiN| eka to bhaTTAraka yazaHkIrti haiM, jinhoMne raidhU ko prerita evaM utsAhita kara unake kavirUpa ko jAgRta kiyA, jo Age calakara apabhraMza-sAhitya ke mahAn kavi ke rUpa meM pratiSThita hue aura jinakI aneka racanAoM meM se adyAvadhi 24 racanAe~ upalabdha haiN| bhaTTAraka yazaH kIrti ne svayaM bhI gopAcala-durga ke samIpavartI paniyAra-maTha ke 67. vizeSa vistAra ke liye dekhiye - raidhu sAhitya kA AlocanAtmaka parizIlana prathama sandhi

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46 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha jina-mandira meM baiThakara svayaM to apabhraMza meM pANDava purANa, (34 sandhiyA~), harivaMzapurANa (13 sandhiyA~). 3 jiNarattikahA evaM ravivayakahA nAma kI racanAe~ likhI hI, unhoMne apabhraMza ke mahAkavi svayambhU kRta riTThaNemicariu tathA paumacariu, saMskRta-bhASA kA vibudha zrIdhara kRta bhaviSyadatta-kAvya, evaM apabhraMza-bhASA kI (vibudha zrIdhara kRta) sukumAlacariu kI jIrNa-zIrNa, galita athavA ardhanaSTa pANDulipiyoM kA uddhAra bhI kiyA thaa| yadi yazaHkIrti ne unakA uddhAra na kiyA hotA, to sAhityika itihAsa se ye gaurava-grantha sadA-sadA ke lie lupta hI ho gaye hote| dUsare bhaTTAraka haiM, zubhacandra, jo bhaTTAraka kamalakIrti ke ziSya the| kavi raidhU ke anusAra kamalakIrti ne sonAgiri meM eka bhaTTArakIya paTTa kI sthApanA kI thI aura jisa para unhoMne bhaTTAraka zubhacandra ko pada-sthApita kiyA thA 68 | paTTAdhIza hone ke bAda unhoMne zramaNa-saMskRti evaM sAhitya ke vikAsa meM mahatvapUrNa yogadAna kiyaa| (13) bhAratIya itihAsa ke granthoM meM ullikhita madhyakAla ke aneka hindu evaM muslima zAsakoM ke zAsana-kAla kI tithiyA~ kucha AnumAnika evaM kucha bhramAtmaka rUpa meM . pAI jAtI haiN| madhyakAlIna jaina pANDulipiyoM kI prazastiyoM evaM puSpikAoM ke AdhAra para una bhramoM kA bhalIbhA~ti saMzodhana kiyA jA sakatA hai| unameM se kucha zAsakoM ke nAma, unake zAsana-kendra evaM unakI tithiyoM kI sUcanAe~ nimna prakAra upalabdha hotI haiM 66 - rAjA kA nAma (kAla,vi.saM. meM) zAsana-sthala vizeSa 1.muhammada zAha 1366 yoginIpura (dillI) - 2.mahamUda zAha 1461 isakA maMtrI hemarAja jaina thaa| 3.mubArika zAha 1467 4.sultAna gayAsudIna 1533 5.phiroja khAna 1541-45 lADanUM (rAjasthAna) evaM hisAra-phirojA (hariyANA) 6.bahalola 1542 7.ibrAhIma zAha 1577-82 kurujAMgala, phirojAbAda evaM sikandarAbAda. 8.humAyU~ 1554 yoginIpura (dillI) 6.AlamazAha 1584 kAlapI (bAbarake rAjyakAla meM) 10.bAbara 1587 yoginIpura, kurujAMgala 11.salIma 1607 68. vizeSa vistAra ke liye dekhiye - raidhU sAhitya kA AlocanAtmaka parizIlana prathama sandhi

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 47 12.jahA~gIra 1672-74 bIjavAr3A, ahamadAbAda 13.zAhajahA~ 1686-62 indraprastha (dillI) 14.mulakagIra 1733 dillI 15.Alama 1705 campAvatI (Adhunika curU, rAjasthAna) 16.nAdirazAha 1767 isane bhArata meM bhayAnaka katleAma kiyA thaa| isakI sUcanA eka grantha-prazasti meM upalabdha hotI hai| 17.rAjA vIrama tomara 1476 gopAcala (gvAliyara) 18.mAnasiMha 1545-61 akabaranagara (rAjamahala) baMgAla, 16.rAva rAmacaMdra 1581-83 ghaTTayAlI nagara evaM campAvatI. 20.rAya vIrama rAThaur3a 1564 campAvatI 21.rAmacandra 1610-1612 takSakagar3ha durga (salIma ke rAjya meM) - Adhunika toddaaraaysiNh| 22.bhAramala kachavAhA 1623 gar3ha campAvatI 23.mahArAja surajana 1631 ToMka ke samIpa solaMkI 24.rAva bhagavAnadAsa 1632 campAvatI-durga 25.pAtasAhi - 1745 DhAkA (vartamAna bAMglAdeza) __anaMgazAha 26.rAjA kuzala siMha 1785 jhilAyanagara kucha upalabdha mahatvapUrNa jaina-pANDulipiyA~ - hamArI sahasroM kI saMkhyA meM jo pANDulipiyA~ naSTa-bhraSTa ho cukI haiM athavA jo sAta samudra-pAra videzoM-jarmanI, phrAMsa, iTalI, briTena athavA himAlaya ko lA~gha kara cIna, maMgoliyA aura tibbata Adi dezoM meM le jAI jA cukI haiM, ve to aba apane-apane bhAgya para jIvita rahane yA mRta ho jAne ke liye vivaza haiN| kintu abhI lAkhoM kI saMkhyA meM jo pANDulipiyA~ bhArata meM upalabdha haiM, unameM se adhikAMza kA vaijJAnika sUcIkaraNa bhI nahI ho pAyA hai, unake mUlyAMkana evaM prakAzana kI bAta to abhI yojanoM dUra hI hai| isa kAraNa itihAsa ke kucha pakSa abhI taka pracchanna, avikasita athavA bhramita hI par3e hue haiN|

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48 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha idhara, kucha sthAnoM meM sUcIkaraNa ke prasaMgoM meM kucha aisI pANDulipiyA~ bhI prakAza meM AI haiM, jo zodhArthiyoM ke liye nayA-prakAza dene meM samartha haiN| inameM se eka pANDulipi hai-zrAvaka nirmaladAsa kRta- "bhASA paMcAkhyAna' 70, jisameM 2000 padya haiN| usakI Adi-prazasti meM use paMcataMtra tathA antya-prazasti meM paMcAkhyAna-bhASA kahA gayA hai aura yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki jo vyakti isa paMcAkhyAna-grantha kA adhyayana karegA, vaha rAjanIti meM nipuNa ho jaayegaa| yathA suno suno zrAvaka sakala nara, sahAya mila bhavika sb| tumhare prasAda yaha uccaroM paMcataMtra kI kathA iva / / (Adi-prazasti padya) paMcAkhyAna kaheM prakaTa jyoM jAne nara koy| rAjanIti meM nipuNa huvai pRthvIpati to hoya / / (antya-prazasti kA aMza) ukta racanA kA pratilipikAla vi.saM. 1754 (1667 IsvI) hai| ataH zrAvaka nirmaladAsa kA racanA-kAla isake pUrva kA siddha hotA hai| ___ ukta prazasti meM ullikhita paMcataMtra kA aparanAma paMcAkhyAna kA ullekha hamArA dhyAna jarmanI ke prAcyavidyAvid pro.jaoNna harTela 71 ke usa kathana kI ora AkarSita karatA hai, jo unhoMne lagabhaga ATha-nau dazaka pUrva paM. viSNu zarmA kRta paMcataMtra kA sampAdana karate samaya kahA thaa| unake kathanAnusAra "vartamAna meM upalabdha saMskRta-paMcataMtra ke pUrva kisI jaina-lekhaka dvArA likhita "paMcakkhANa" nAmaka prAkRta kA jaina kathA-grantha lokapriya thaa| unake anusAra vartamAna saMskRta-paMcataMtra usI ke AdhAra para likhita pratIta hotA hai| pro.harTela dvArA ullikhita prAkRta-paMcakkhANa yA to naSTa ho gayA hai yA deza-videza ke kisI prAcya zAstra-bhaNDAra ke aMdhere meM par3A huA prakAzana kI rAha dekha rahA saMskRta-paMcataMtra kI lokapriyatA bhArata meM hI nahIM, balki sAMskRtika dRSTi se vikasita saMsAra ke pramukha dezoM meM rhii| uttara-madhyakAla meM usake rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI evaM hindI-anuvAda to hue hI, videzI bhASAoM yathA-arabI, phArasI, iTAliyana, phreMca, jarmanI, rUsI tathA aMgrejI meM bhI usake anuvAda prakAzita kie gae haiN| isase yaha anumAna lagAnA kaThina nahIM hai ki usane vizva kathA-sAhitya ko bhI prabhAvita kiyA hogaa| jarmanI meM aneka bhAratIya pANDulipiyA~ le jAI gaI haiN| jaisA ki pUrva meM kaha cukA hU~ ki DaoN. vI.rAghavan ke sarvekSaNa ke anusAra videzoM ke vibhinna granthAgAroM meM bhArata kI lagabhaga 50000 pANDulipiyA~ surakSita haiM, jinameM se akele barlina meM hI 35000 bhAratIya jaina evaM jainettara pANDulipiyA~ surakSita haiM aura yaha asambhava nahIM ki ukta prAkRta-"paMcakkhANa bhI barlina meM surakSita ho aura sambhavataH pro.harTela ke dRSTipatha se bhI vaha gujara cukA ho ? 70. sAhitya-saMdeza (AgarA, disa.1656 pR.252-253) meM prakAzita zrI agaracaMdra jI nAhaTA ke lekha ke AdhAra para sAbhAra 71. DaoN.jaoNna harTela dvArA sampAdita paMcataMtra kI bhUmikA

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46 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha bahuta sambhava hai ki kavi nirmaladAsa ne pUrvokta prAkRta-paMcakkhANa kA hI hindI-padyAnuvAda kiyA ho ? usakI khoja Avazyaka hai, kyoMki usakI upalabdhi se jaina kathA-sAhitya ke itihAsa para kucha nayA prakAza par3ane kI sambhAvanA hai| samrATa zAhajahA~ kI 24 hajAra priya pANDulipiyA~ kucha phArasI pANDulipiyoM ke anusAra samrATa zAhajahA~ ke rAjamahala meM 25 Tana sone ke bartana, 50 Tana cA~dI ke bartana, 53 karor3a rUpayoM kA akelA takhte-tAUsa tathA araboM-araba ke hIrA-javAhirAta the kintu ye saba usake liye utane mahatvapUrNa na the jitanI mahatvapUrNa thI usake rAjamahala meM surakSita lagabhaga 24 hajAra hastalikhita pANDulipiyA~ / Aja ve kahA~ haiM, isakI kisI ko koI jAnakArI nhiiN| yaha bhI jAnakArI nahIM ki unameM jaina-pANDulipiyA~ kitanI thIM aura ve kahA~ haiM 72 ? jaina-pANDulipiyoM kA prAcya phArasI-bhASA meM anuvAda jaina-sAhitya kevala saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, kannar3a, tamila Adi bhAratIya bhASAoM meM hI nahIM likhA gayA athavA pramukha Adhunika bhAratIya bhASAoM meM hI usakA anuvAda nahIM kiyA gayA hai, balki apanI guNavattA evaM sArvajanInatA ke kAraNa usakA prAcya videzI bhASAoM meM bhI anuvAda kiyA gayA hai| prAcya bhASAvid pro.harTela 73, DaoN. kAlidAsa nAga 74 evaM DaoN.morisa viMTaranIja 75 ke anusAra yaha to sarvavidita hI hai ki jainadarzana evaM jaina-kathAoM ne samasta vizva ko AkarSita evaM prabhAvita kiyA hai| yahA~ maiM apane zodhArthiyoM tathA jijJAsu pAThakoM ke lie phArasI meM anUdita evaM anya viracita sAhitya kI saMkSipta jAnakArI de rahA hU~ jo nimna prakAra hai :phArasI anuvAda 76 : (1) AcArya kundakunda kRta paMcAstikAya (2) si.ca.nemicaMdra kRta gommaTasAra-karmakANDa (anuvAdaka-muMzI dilArAma, ___ samaya ajJAta) (3) jinaprabhasUrikRta phArasI meM likhita "RSabha-stotra" - (14vIM sadI) ye tInoM pANDulipiyA~ rUsa ke prAcya-zAstra-bhaNDAra meM surakSita haiN| praznottararatnamAlikA (amgeghavarSa kRta) ke tibbatI-anuvAda kI carcA maiM pIche hI kara cukA huuN| muslima bAdazAhoM dvArA jaina-lekhakoM kA sammAna jainiyoM ne apanI satyaniSThA, vizvasanIyatA, karmaThatA, vyAvahArika sUjha-bUjha, vANijya-kauzala, sArvajanika kAryoM ke lie dAna meM udAratA, lekhana-cAturya, tathA apane 72 navanIta mAsika patrikA, (bambaI) navambara 1655 pR. 53-56 73 The Jainas in the History of Indian Literature P. 10 74. ahiMsAvANI- jaina kathA vizeSAMka 75.The Jainas in the History of Indian Literature P.9 76. de. Image of India (Moskow, USSR) 1984

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50 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha zuddhAcaraNa se aneka hindu tathA muslima zAsakoM ko nirantara hI prabhAvita kiyA hai| inakI sUcanAe~ madhyakAlIna jaina pANDulipiyoM kI prazastiyoM tathA bAbaranAmA, Aine-akabarI, jahA~gIranAmA, zAhajahA~nAmA tathA anya aneka zAhI-pharamAnoM meM milatI haiN| unake anusAra zrAvakoM tathA zvetAmbara-jaina-sAdhuoM ke lie unakI ora se zraddhA-samanvita sammAna prApta the| samaya-samaya para muslima-bAdazAhoM kI ora se unheM khuzphahama 77, nAdirajjamA , jahA~gIrapasanda 76, mahopAdhyAya 80 jaisI upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita kiyA gyaa| isa prakAra ke sammAna-prApta sAdhakoM meM mahAmuni zrI hIravijaya sUri, bhAnucandra -siddhicandra gaNi, vijayasenasUri, upAdhyAya jayasoma, sAdhukIrti evaM dayAkuzala Adi ke nAma agragaNya haiN| bhAnucandra-siddhicandra gaNi ne akabara evaM jahA~gIra ke vinamra nivedana para phArasI-bhASA bhI sIkhI thI tathA aneka jaina kRtiyoM ke sAtha-sAtha kAdambarI ke kathA-bhAga ke sArAMza kA phArasI meM anuvAda bhI kiyA thaa| jaina-kRtiyoM meM bhaktAmara stotra-vRtti, AdityasahasranAmastotra evaM kucha jaina-kathAe~ pramukha haiN| samrATa akabara ukta jaina-kRtiyoM kA samaya-samaya para unase sasvara pATha sunatA thaa| jaina-sAdhuoM ke anurodha para ina muslima-zAsakoM ne bhI jaina-mandiroM ko dhvasta na karane, paryuSaNa meM prAthamikatA tathA mA~sAhAra na karane tathA jajiyA kara mApha kara dene ke lie zAhI-pharamAna bhI jArI kie the 81 / phArasI bhASA meM likhita RSabhadeva stotra kucha samaya pUrva gujarAta ke eka zAstra-bhaNDAra meM eka laghu pANDulipi aisI bhI milI hai, jisameM phArasI-bhASA-lipi meM tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kA stavana kiyA gayA hai| usake mUla-lekhaka evaM saMskRta-TIkAkAra jinaprabhasUri haiM tathA pratilipikAra haiM udysmudrgnni| 14vIM sadI ke bahubhASAvijJa ukta AcArya zrI jinaprabhasUri dvArA madhyakAlIna phArasI-bhASA meM racita zrI RSabha-stotra ke mUla-pATha ko devanAgarI meM Age prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| ukta jinaprabhasUri dillI ke sultAna muhammada-bina-tugalaka (san 1325-51 I.) ke samakAlIna the| jaba sultAna ko ukta AcArya ke prakANDa-pANDitya kI sUcanA milI, taba usane apane darabAra ke jaina-jyotiSa ke prakANDa paNDita dharAdhara-paNDita ko sandezahara ke rUpa meM bhejakara dillI meM padhArane kI unase vinamra prArthanA kii| AcAryazrI ko bhI jaba yaha vidita huA ki sultAna kI nIti sarvadharma-samanvaya kI hai tathA usane apane zAsanakAla meM sabhI ko apane-apane dharma ko mAnane tathA devI-devatAoM ke pUjane kI pUrI AjAdI de 77. akabara suratrANa hRdayAmbujaSaTpadaH / dadhAnaH khuzaphahamiti virudaM zAhinArpitam / / bhaktAmarastotravRttiH (Adiprazasti) 78-76. vahI. (jahA~gIra dvArA pradatta virud, de. jinazatakaTIkA antima puSpikA) 80. jinazataka-TIkA-prazasti tathA kAvyaprakAza-khaNDanam kI prazasti 81. siddhicandra-bhAnucandra-gaNi carita, (siMghI jaina sIrija), ahamadAbAda, 1641. 82. jaina-sAhitya-saMzodhaka 3/6 pR. 24-25 evaM prAkRta-vidyA .....

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha rakhI hai, taba ve paidala calakara svayaM dillI pdhaare| sultAna ne unakA pUrA-pUrA sammAna kiyaa| isake bhI aneka sAkSya milate haiM ki sultAna ne na kevala jaina-muniyoM evaM bhaTTArakoM ko sammAnita kara unheM apane dharma-pracAra kI AjAdI dI, balki aneka durlabha-granthoM kI pANDulipiyoM kI surakSA kI vyavasthA meM bhI yogadAna kiyaa| kevala yahI nahIM, balki usane aneka sayUragAnoM (zrAvaka, sarAvagIyAna athavA sarAvagI janoM) tathA aneka jaina-agravAloM ko apanA vizvasta mAnakara unheM U~ce-U~ce padoM para pratiSThita bhI kiyA thaa| yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki madhyakAlIna phArasI bhASA zaurasainI-prAkRtApabhraMza se kitanI prabhAvita thI, usake aneka udAharaNa adholikhita stotra meM mila sakate haiN| zaurasainI evaM phArasI ke prAcIna kAla se hI ghaniSTha-sambandhoM ke adhyayana-zodha karane vAle bhASA-zAstriyoM ke liye isa stotra meM paryApta zabda-sampadA upalabdha ho sakatI hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki muhammada-bina-tugalaka kI preraNA se jinaprabha-sUri ne ukta RSabha-stotra kI racanA kI ho, jo bhaktibharita, sarala evaM zreSTha haiN| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki sulatAna tugalaka viziSTa jaina-paryoM ke dina jaina-samAja ke madhya upasthita hokara isa stotra kA pATha bhI sunatA ho aura jisase paravartI samrATa akabara evaM zAhajahA~ ko bhI preraNA milI ho, kyoMki bhAnucandra-siddhicandra-gaNI evaM mahAkavi banArasIdAsa 83 ke sAhitya se jJAta hotA hai ki una donoM samrAToM ke bhI jaina-sAdhakoM, jaina-kaviyoM evaM jaina-samAja se ghaniSTha samparka the| apane sammAnya pAThakoM ko isakI saMkSipta jAnakArI dene ke lie ukta phArasI stotra kI saMskRta-TIkA, zabdArtha evaM hindI-anuvAda ke sAtha use yahA~ prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai - allAllAhi turAhaM kImbaru sahiyAnu tuM bharA SvAMda / dunIyaka samedAnai busmArai budha cirA nauM / / 1 / / saMskRta-vyAkhyA -1. allAllA0 he pUjya / tavAhaM karmakaraH / tvaM ca pRthivIpatirmama svaamii| vasudhAlokAn jAnAsi / he dev| cirA kasmAt asmAnna saMbhAlayasi / yatastvaM medinI sarvAmapi vetsi, tato mAM duHkhinaM (kathaM) na vetsItyarthaH / yeke dosi jihAri paMcca zasa llya hasta no ya dh| dAnisimaMda hakIkata Akilu teyasu turA dostI / / 2 / / saMskRta-vyAkhyA -2. eko dvau trayazcatvAraH paMca SaT sapta aSTau nava daza vA te eva narA guNino madhyasthAH sAdhavo yeSAM tvadIyA maitrI / ko'rthaH eko vA dvau vA yAvat daza vA ta eva guNino yeSAM tvayyanurAgo nApare / gAthAdvayaM / ____ AnimAni khatamadhu khudA vistavi kiMci biviini| ___ mAhu roju so jAmu murA ye kuya dilu vinisiini||3|| 83. de. arthakathAnaka, (bambaI, 1643) bhUmikA pR. 24

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52 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha saMskRta-vyAkhyA -3. he svAmin / asmadIyAM bhaktiM kiMcit alpamAtrAM zrRNu aaloky| vijJaptikAM zrRNu vinayaM ca vilokya ityarthaH / mAsaM divasaM rAtriM yAma ekamapi mama dilu hRdaye vinasinI upaviza ityarthaH / / khatamathurbhaktiryathA - AlovomasuAraduH khtamathurbhaktiH surAdgAyanaM nRtyaM syAdrasakurnayazca hathamu ruDhistadA kaaidaa| anyAyopi harAmu sogatiratho divyAdikA jUmalA saMghAtasya sa yAtanihoraka iti syAdvikrayaH vyodhvanI / / tuM mAdara tuM pidara budha tuM brAdara tuM aamu| nesi biheliya taiM avari bIjeM morai kaaNmu||4|| saM.vyAkhyA -4. tvaM .........mAtA tvaM vimucya apareNa bIje kimapi mama kArya nemi naastiityrthH| mahamadamAlima maMtarA IbrAhima rhmaannu| IhaM turA kutAbIA medihi mukyalpharamANu 84 / / 5 / / saM.vyAkhyA -5. tvaM mahamado viSNuH, IbrAhimo brahmA, rahamAno mahezvaraH tvameva / atha rahatyAge iti caurAdiko vikalpe naMto dhAtuH / rahati rAgadveSau tyajatItyevaM zaktaH / zaktivayastAcchIlye iti shaandd| AnmoMta Ane moMta: Natve kRte rahamANa iti rUpaM / sarvepi devAstvameva / mAlimaH paMDito mama tvaM / ihaM eSo'haM turA tava kutAvIA lekhazAlikaH / me medihi mama phuramANa AdezaM dehI, kiM karavANi ahaM / paMDito hi, ziSyasyAdezaM dadAtIti bhAvaH / pharamUda turA ju mekunai na sudhNg| khosu zalAmatha Adatanu arjadi choDiya yNg||6|| saM.vyAkhyA -6. pharamUda turA tava AdiSTaM yo mekunai karoti, saMdhaMga duHkhAni na mecInai na cuMTayet / khosaM sukhaM zalAmatha kuzalaM Adata sAhAyyaM nu navyaM, ajadi lbhte| kathaM bhUtaH choDiyayaMgaH muktakalaha iti saMbodhanaM gatadveSa iti bhaavH| sAdi na khasmi navA agara taM kuya turA salAmu / baMdi SalAta su me dihai vAsai ne hara harAmu / / 7 / / saM.vyAkhyA -7. sAditi tuSTo na vA meti / agara yadyapi tvaM kuya kvApi turA salAmu tava namaskAraH, vaMditti IdRzaH / kiM ca SalAta rAjaprasAdaH sa me dihai ddaati| hara iti pratyarthe tvAM pratinamaskAro harAmu vyartha nivAsai na bhvti| ko'rthaH yadi na tuSTo na ruSTo'si tatastava namaskAro rAjaprasAdaM kathaM dadAti, kathaM vyartho na syAdirthaH / jAnUuru yo mekusai midihadi to na vihasti / buciruka billai dojakhI dhaMga bahuta tasu hasti / / 8 / / 84. pratIta hotA hai ki mAnatuMga-sUri kRta bhaktAmara-stotra ke 25veM padya se yaha padya prabhAvita haitulanA kIjiye-- buddhastvameva vibudhArcita buddhi bodhAt tvaM zaMkaro'si bhuvanatraya zaMkaratvAt aadi|

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53 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha saM.vyAkhyA -8. jAnUuru ti jIvAn, yo mekusai haMti, sa vihasti svarga, na midihadi na praapsyti| kiM tu billa iti nizcitaM, buciruk sthUlAni, dojakhIdhaMga narakaduHkhAni prabhUtAni, tasya hasti bhavaMti / ataeva tava sevako jaMtUnna haMtItyarthaH / dUhaka SaTkaM / ___ astArAM terIkhu badAnu sAle sAte dIga sraanu| cismadIdayaM budha rU turA bUdI kAra saU basa marA / / 6 / / saM.vyAkhyA -6. astArAM nakSatraM, terIkhu tithiH, cha, (ba) iti bhASAvizeSe, dAtu zarIraM, sAle saMvatsaraH sAte ghaTikA, dIna prabhAtaM, nu vaakyaalNkaare| sarAta (bha) yyaM etAni sthAnAni, bhavyAni atha mama jAtAni, ye yataH, cisma netradvayena, turA tava rU mukhaM dIda dRSTaM, kAra prayojanAni, sau sarvANi kAryANi saMpUrNAni babhuvuriti bhAvArthaH / catuSpadI chandaH / dIda iti vilokitam / tathA ca - mAhi usturu gAu gAunara khU (ga) plNgo| AhU guravA murugu saMru gAmesi klaago| magasa sitAraka mAru bAju gAbasu taausg| Uyajaku makhalu katAnu khaDakha sagu bata buja muusg| duja khaDasAra nakAsu jani darajIu jarI hjaamu| te vAsaI jima mekunaI sirijina turA salAmu / / 10 / / saM.vyAkhyA -10. mahI matsyaH, usturu uSTra:, gAu gauH, gAunara balIvardaH, khUga zUkaraH, palaMgazcatrakaH, AhU kRSNasAraH, guruvA mArjAraH, muruga kurkuTa:, seru vyAghraH / grAmesi mahiSI, kulaga kAkaH, magasa makSikAH, sitArikA kAbariH, mAru pannagaH, vAyu (bAju) zyenaH, gAvasu RkSuH, tArusaga mayUraH, Uyajaku gRhagodhIkA, makhalu tIDa, kutAna matkuNaH khayara caMcaTaH, sagu zvA, bata haMsaH, buja ajjA, mUsaga mUSakAH, etaiH zabdaiH tiryacaH pratipAditAH / sAMprataM, kuMmAnuSayonayaHdUrjayau khausAra carkA (carma) kAraH, nakAsu citrakAraH, jani mahilA, darajIu sUcikaH, jarI suvarNakAraH, hajAma nApita ityAdi anyA api vikRtijAtayo grAhyAH jAtigrahaNe tajjAtIyasyApi grahaNamiti vcnaat| he jin| se vAsaI bhavaMti ye taba namaskAraM (na) kurvti| ko'rthaH-tava namaskAramakRtvA tiryagyonau pUrvoktasvarUpeSu satveSu kumAnuSatve ca jIvA utpadyata iti bhaavH| zaharu diha ulAtu chatru khAphUra Udu misiki jaru navAtu SvAMda rojI darAsa / kasava pisi turA iM no sarA mekhuhAi risaha hathamu dostI vaMdine medihIti / / 11 / / saM.vyAkhyA -11. zaharu pattanaM, diha grAmaH, ulAta dezaH, chatru chatra, chatra grahaNAt rAjyaM jnyeyN| khAparu karpUraM, Udu agraruH, misaki kasturI, jaru suvarNa, navAtu zarkarA, SvAMda svAmin, rojI vibhUtiH darAsa vistIrNaH kasana ikSuH pimi (sa) pArve turA tava iM eSa mallakSaNoM janaH / no naiva zarAbhajja pUrvoktaM vastujAtaM, meSuhoI yAceta kiMtu he RSabha, hethamu nyAyaM dostI sarvasyApi maitrI baMdine iyadeva tvaM me dahIti deyaaH| ko'rthaH ahaM a (nya) t

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54 kimapi na yAce kiMtu tvaM mama nyAyaM maitrImeva deyA iti bhAvArthaH / asmiMstavane kvacit pArasI kvacit ArabbI kvacidapabhraMzo jJeyaH / turA marA iji sarvatra saMbaMdhe saMpradAne ca jJAtavyaM / tathA ca kurAnakAraH - ajaivya tvayA dAnasaMbaMdhaM saMpradAyayoH / rA sarvatra prayujyetAnyatra vAcyaM su rUpataH / / Ani mAni asmadIyaM kiM ci kiyaccaM dirIdRzaM / cunI hamacunIn tAddaka vaMdinaM tAdRk iyadeva ca / / corje kimapi ityAdi kurAnoktaM lakSaNaM sarvatra vijJeyaM saMpradAyAcca / iti zrI RSabhadeva stavanaM saTIkamidamaleSi / zrI jinaprabhasUrikRtiriyaM / zabdArtha evaM hindI anuvAda (1) - allAllAhi IllAhI (hamArA Izvara) pUjya. surAha sahiSAnu tuM marA vAMda dunIyaka samedAnai budha busmArai cirA namhaM dosa jihAri pacca daha 85 dAnisimaMda hakIkata Akita || || || || || || || || || || he deva, vismRta kara diyA, surakSA nahIM dete| he allAha, he pUjya, maiM ApakA sevaka hU~ aura Apa pRthvIpati, mere svAmI / jaba Apa sabhI lokoM ko jAnate haiM, taba phira hamArI khoja khabara kyoM nahIM lete? hamAre dukhoM ko itane samaya se kyoM nahIM samajhate? (2) - yeka = = = = || || || jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha = = allAha, maiM tumhArA, zAhajahAna, jagata kA mAlika, tuma, hamArA, khAviMda, pati, svAmI, duniyA~ ko, jAnate ho, eka, do, tIna, cAra, pAMca, dasa, buddhimAn madhyastha, vAstavika, hoziyAra kuzala, 85. maiM (isa nibaMdha kA lekhaka) svayaM phArasI bhASA nahIM jAnatA kintu apane muslima-vidvAn mitroM kI sahAyatA se zabdArtha evaM hindI anuvAda pAThakoM ke hitArtha taiyAra kiyA hai| truTiyoM ke liye kSamAprArthI hU~ /

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha zapta to teyasu tumhArI, roju llya sAta, hasta ATha, noya unameM, turA dostI mitrtaa| saMsAra meM eka, do, tIna, cAra, pA~ca, chaha, sAta, ATha, nau, tathA dasa Adi sadguNoM se yukta ve hI guNI, kuzala, madhyastha athavA sAdhugaNa kahalAte haiM, jinakA Apake prati maitrI-bhAva athavA anurAga ho| (3) - AnimAni = hamArI prArthanA, khatamathu = khidamata, sevA, bhakti, khudA = he khudA, he svAmin, vistavi = dhyAna dIjie, kiMci kiMcitmAtra, vivIni vinaya, roja, dila, rAtri, jAma yAma, murA yekuya eka, dila, hRdaya, vinasani = sthita hai| __ he svAmin, hamAre alpamAtrika bhakti-bhAva kI ora bhI jarA dhyAna dIjie aura use arthAt merI vyathA-kathA ko sunie| mAha, divasa, rAtri athavA (kama se kama) eka kSaNa mAtra ke lie bhI to hamAre hRdaya meM sthita hoiye (nivAsa kiijie)| (4)-nesi = nesta, nahIM, viheliya chor3akara, avari bIje = anya dUsare se, morai = merA mAdara mAtA, kAmu = kAma, pidara Ama = Ama sabhI kucha, brAdara bhAI, budha = he jAnakAra (sarvajJa) __ he sarvajJa prabhu, tU hI hamArI mAtA hai aura tU hI pitA aura bhAI, tujhe chor3akara hamArA aura kisI se bhI koI kAma nhiiN| to merA, dilu tUMhI pitA,

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56 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha (5)-mahamada = muhammada, Izvara, kutAvIA = kAtiva, lekhaka, mAlima = ustAda, zikSaka, me medihi = mujhe pharamAna (Adeza) IbrAhima = brahmA, dIjie ki maiM kyA rahamANA = mahezvara, vItarAga,kArya karUM? IhaM = yaha maiM , mukyala = diijie| turA = tumhArA, he prabhu, tUhI merA mahamUda arthAt viSNu hai, tU hI merA ibrAhIma, arthAt mArgadarzaka brahmA aura tU hI merA rahamAna arthAt mahezvara hai| mere lie tuma hI sabhI prakAra ke devatA ho| tumhIM mere lie satpaNDita ho| maiM to ApakA AjJApAlaka lekhaka mAtra huuN| mujhe Apa Adeza deM ki maiM kyA karU~ ? kyoMki sat-paNDita hI ziSya ko Adeza de sakatA hai| (isakI tulanA bhaktAmara stotra ke 25veM padya se kI jA sakatI hai)| (6) pharamUda turA= tumhArA Adeza, yaMga = jaMga, lar3AI, rAgadveSa, ju = jo, chor3iya = chor3anA, mekunai . = nahIM karatA hai, sudhaMga = dukha, khosu = sukha, santoSa, mecInai = dUra nahIM karatA hai, zalAmatha = salAmata, kuzala, Adatanu = sahAyatA, ajadi = prApta karatA hai, = navya, vizva ke he svAmin, tumhAre Adeza kA jo pAlana nahIM karatA, vaha vizva ke dukhoM se chuTakArA nahIM pA sakatA, vaha sukha-santoSa, kauzala tathA sahAnubhUti bhI prApta nahIM kara sktaa| (7)-sAdi = zAdI, khuzI, tuSTi, su = sundara, khasmi = duzmanI, meM = mujhe, kuya = koI bhI, dihai = detA hai, agara = yadyapi, bAsai = nivAsa karatA hai, taM = tuma, hara = pratinamaskAra, turA = tumhArA, harAmu = vyartha, harAma, salAmu = namaskAra, na = nahIM, vaMdi = aisA, SalAta = rAjaprasAda, khalaata, ___ he prabhu, yadi Apa hamArA namaskAra svIkAra na kareM tathA Apa usase santuSTa na hoM aura hameM koI varadAna na deM taba kyA hamArA namaskAra vyartha nahIM calA jAyegA?

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha (8)- jAnUuru = jAnavara, pazu, = jo, yA = mAratA hai, kusaI khUga palaMgo so na nahIM, su = tasya, usake, vihasti = behasta, svarga, bahuta prabhUta, adhika, jo manuSya pazuoM ( evaM prANiyoM) kI hatyA karatA hai, use svarga kI prApti nahIM ho sakatI / pratyuta, nizcita rUpa se vaha hatyArA naraka meM jAkara bhayAnaka kaSTa bhogatA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki ApakA sevaka kabhI bhI prANi-hatyA nahIM karatA / (6) - astArAM donoM netroM se, terIkhu dekhA, vadAnu sAle sAte dIga sau AhU guruvA murugu seru gAu = gA gAunara = vRSabha, baila zUkara = cakraka = nakSatra, sitArA, tArA, = tithi, tArIkha, vadana, zarIra, = sAla, varSa, = sAkhata, ghar3I, = = = - = vaha, = = - = prabhAta, = sarva, sabhIsarA ye bhavya sthAna, he prabhu, hamAre donoM netroM ne yadi Apake bhavya mukha kA darzana kara liyA to hama yahI mAnate haiM ki hameM sundara - sundara nakSatra, tArIkha, sAla, ghar3I sukhada-prabhAta evaM sundara bhava Adi sabhI kucha prApta ho gae tathA hamAre sabhI manoratha bhI pUrNa ho ge| (10) - mAhI = matsya ustaru = uSTra = makSikA magasa sitArikA : kAvari-prANI-vizeSa kulaga sagu = zvAna bata haMsa = kRSNasAra mArjAra = murgA zera, vyAghra kAkaH, kauA = 3TGT = bakarI buja mUsaga cUhA, uMdura dujakha buciruka billai = dojakhI dhaMga = naraka ke bhayAnaka sukha, hasti hote haiM, bhavati, durja = tItara cista madIdayaM rU turA kAra katAnu khayakha gAvasu jarI hajAmu te vAsaiM jima = - bujurga, moTA, nizcita, = = = = = mAru vAyu tArusaga : mayUra Uyajaku = gRhagodhikA makhala = tIu, tIDa = sAkSAt mukha, = tava tumhArA, = kAma, prayojana, = = pannaga = (bAju) = matkuNa = caMcaTa = rIcha = svarNakAra = - nApita = ve 57 = hote haiM, bhavanti = yaM jo zyena

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha khausAra = carmakAra mekunaI = nahIM karate haiM nakAsu = citrakAra sirijina = he zrI jinendra jani = mahilA turA = tumheM darajIu = sUcIkAra, darjI salAmU = salAma, namaskAra he bhagavAn, jo Apako namaskAra nahIM karate, unheM matsya, uSTra, gAya, baila, suara, cakraka, kRSNasAra, billI, kukkuTa, zera, vyAghra, mahiSI, kAka, makkhI, kAvari, pannaga, bAja, rIcha, mayUra, gRhagodhikA, tIDa, matkuNa, caMcaTa, zvAna, haMsa, bakarI, tItara, mUSaka Adi tiryaca gati tathA carmakAra, citrakAra, mahilA, sUcikAra, svarNakAra, nApita Adi jAtiyoM meM janma prApta hotA hai| (11)-zaharu = zahara, nagara, pattana darAsa = vistIrNa, darAja diha = grAma (DIha) kasava = ikSu ulAta = deza pisi = pArzva meM chatru = chatra turA = tava tumhArA khApUru = karpUra = eva, yaha udu = agaru no = naiva, nahIM hI misiki = kastUrI sarA = zaraha, sarva jaru = svarga mekhuhAI = yAcanA karatA hU~ navAtu = zarkarA risahA = he RSabha dhvAMda = svAmI dostI = sabhI ke sAtha maitrI rojI = vibhUti vaMdinaM = vandanA, yAcanA meM dihIti= mujhe dIjie, basa he RSabhadeva, maiM Apase zahara, grAma, deza, ekachatra rAjya, karpUra, agaru, kastUrI, suvarNa, zarkarA, svAmIpanA, vibhUti, Ikha Adi kI yAcanA karane nahIM AyA hU~, balki he svAmin , maiM to Apase yahI yAcanA karane AyA hU~ ki maiM sabhI ke prati nyAya karU~, tathA sabhI kA mitra bnuuN| hamArA vismRta tathA truTita pANDulipi-sAhitya apabhraMza ke Adya mahAkavi svayambhU kRta jaina-mahAbhArata-kathA-sambandhI Adya-apabhraMza grantha-"riTThaNemicariu" dIrgha-pratIkSA ke bAda aba chapanA prArambha huA hai| usakI tathA paumacariu kI prazastiyoM meM kavi ne saMskRta, prAkRta evaM apabhraMza ke pUrvavartI aneka aise jaina evaM jainetara mahAkaviyoM ke nAmollekha kie haiM, jinameM se adhikAMza vismRti ke garbha meM jA cuke haiN| rAjA bhoja ke rAjyakAla meM 11vIM sadI ke kundakundAnvayI kavi nayanandI (11vIM sadI) ne vahIM ke jinavara-vihAra meM baiThakara apane sudaMsaNacariu ke sAtha hI 58 sandhi vAlA apabhraMza-mahAkAvya "sayalavihivihANakavva" likhA thaa| usakI madhya kI 16 sandhiyA~ arthAt 15vIM se lekara 31vIM sandhi taka kA aMza naSTa ho jAne ke kAraNa aba

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha vaha grantha apUrNa hI raha gayA hai| usakI prazasti meM pUrvavartI 33 kaviyoM ke nAmollekha haiM, kintu unameM se adhikAMza ke nAma evaM unake grantha sAhityika itihAsa se sadA-sadA ke liye vismRta ho cuke haiN| isI prakAra mahAkavi raidhU kRta sacitra saMtiNAhacariu jahA~ truTita rUpa meM upalabdha hai, vahIM usakA pajjuNNacariu nAmaka grantha anupalabdha haiM tathA usake sirivAlacariu kI eka pANDulipi perisa (phrAMsa) ke prAcya-zAstra bhaNDAra meM bhI upalabdha hai| mahAkavi jayamitra halla kRta apabhraMza "mahAvIracariu" kI bhI vahI sthiti hai| usakI bIca kI 6 sandhiyA~ naSTa ho jAne ke kAraNa san 1674-75 meM bha.mahAvIra ke 2500 veM parinirvANa samAroha-varSa meM usakA prakAzana truTita hone ke kAraNa hI roka diyA gayA thaa| ___ athaka khoja karane para bhI abhI taka aNaMgacariu (dinakarasena) karakaMDa-cariu raidhU), sudaMsaNacariu evaM pajjuNNacariu (raidhU) jasaharacariu (amarakIrti), caMdappahacariu (muni viSNusena), dhaNayattacariu (ajJAtakartRka), paumacariu (caumuha) paumacariu (sedu) paMcamIkahA (caumuha) paMcamIkahA (svayambhU), mahAvIracariu (amarakIrti), riTThaNemicariu (caumuha), varaMgacariu evaM saMtiNAhacariu (kavi devadatta), samattakaumuI (sahaNapAla), aNupehA (siMhanaMdi), amayArAhaNA (gaNi aMbasena), jhANapaIva (amarakIrti), NavayAramaMta (naradeva), dharmopadezacUDAmaNi (amarakIrti), aMbAdevI carcarIrAsa (kavi devadatta) jaise grantha adyAvadhi anupalabdha hI haiN| isI prakAra - mahAkavi vIra (10vIM sadI), zrIcandra (11vIM sadI), vibudhazrIdhara (13vIM sadI), dhavala (jinhoMne 122 sandhiyoM meM harivaMzapurANa kI racanA kI, 11vIM sadI), gaNi devasena (12vIM sadI), mahAkavi siddha (13vIM sadI), dhanapAla (15vIM sadI), mahAkavi raidhU (15-16vIM sadI), bhaTTAraka zrutakIrti (16vIM sadI), kavi mahindu yA mahAcaMda (16vIM sadI), paNDita bhagavatIdAsa (17vIM sadI), Adi siddhahasta kaviyoM ne bhI apanI-apanI racanAoM meM apane pUrvavartI aneka pramukha sAhityakAroM evaM unake sAhitya ke nAmollekha kiye haiM kintu vartamAna meM unameM se adhikAMza kI koI jAnakArI nahIM miltii| yadi yaha sAhitya upalabdha ho jAtA hai, to madhyakAlIna itihAsa ke vividha-pakSoM ko mukharita karane meM bar3I sahAyatA milegii| __jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai ki hamAre mahAna cintaka, sAdhaka, AcArya lekhakoM ne jJAna-vijJAna evaM lokajIvana kI zAyada hI aisI koI vidhA ho, jisa para unhoMne apanI lekhanI na calAI ho| karmavAda, paramANuvAda, AtmavAda, adhyAtmavAda, nyAya, nIti, carita, kAvya, kathAkAvya, chandazAstra, vyAkaraNa, kalA, saMgIta, zilpa, Ayurveda, gaNita, jyotiSa, dravya-vyavasthA, lokAcAra, yahA~ taka ki pAka-zAstra, jIvazAstra, vanaspati-vijJAna, itihAsa, bhUgola, khagola Adi ke kSetra meM bhI utkRSTa-koTi ke grantha likhe haiN| haMsadeva nAmaka jainAcArya ne to mRga-pakSizAstra nAmaka 36 sargoM ke 1600 zlokoM meM eka grantha likhA, jisameM 225 prakAra ke bhAratIya pazu-pakSiyoM kI bhASA evaM

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60 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha manovijJAna kA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| ise jainettara-samAja ne bhI prakAzita evaM pracArita kara prasannatA kA anubhava kiyA hai| isI prakAra AcArya ugrAditya (10vIM sadI) ne apane kalyANakAraka nAmaka grantha meM vanaspati-zAstra sambandhI eka khojapUrNa naI sUcanA dI hai| unhoMne usake puSpAyurveda-prakaraNa meM 25000 prakAra ke bhAratIya puSpoM kI carcA kI hai, jabaki vartamAna kAlIna sarvekSaNoM meM kevala 18000 prakAra ke puSpa hI milate haiN| bAkI kI puSpa-jAtiyA~-prajAtiyA~ naSTa ho cukI haiN| etadviSayaka anya aneka pANDulipiyA~ bhI vibhinna zAstra-bhaNDAroM meM surakSita hone kI sambhAvanA hai| prakAzita kucha pANDulipi-sUciyA~ / yadyapi kucha zAstra-bhaNDAroM ne upalabdha pANDulipiyoM kA sUcIkaraNa kiyA hai, phira bhI, sahasroM pANDulipiyA~ abhI aneka zAstra-bhaNDAroM, vyaktigata saMgrahoM yA navAMgI jaina mandiroM meM yatra-tatra bikharI par3I haiN| abhI taka na to unakA sUcIkaraNa huA hai aura na ve surakSita sthiti meM hI haiN| kucha svArthI lolupIjana unakA vyaktigata rUpa se vikraya bhI karate raheM haiM, kucha ko dImaka-cUhoM ne khA DAlA hai aura kucha mausamI namI ke kAraNa svataH hI kAla-kavalita hotI jA rahIM haiN| isa prakAra hamAre rASTra evaM samAja kA gaurava tathA bhAratIya evaM sAmAjika itihAsa ke nirmANa meM sahAyaka mAnI jAne vAlI pANDulipiyoM kA durbhAgya dekhakara mana vyathita ho uThatA hai| _ abhI taka kI pANDulipiyoM ke sarvekSaNa, surakSA evaM sUcIkaraNa meM jina saMvedanazIla sarakAroM tathA zogha-saMsthAnoM ne kArya kiye haiM, unameM svataMtratA-prApti ke pUrva madhyapradeza evaM barAra-nAgapura-prazAsana, jaina grantha ratnAkara kAryAlaya, bambaI, gAyakavADa oriyaNTala risarca iMsTITyUTa, baDaudA, siMghI jaina granthamAlA, bambaI, jaina zAstra bhaNDAra, jaisalamera, jaina zAstra bhaNDAra, pATana, rAjasthAna purAtatva vidyAmandira, jodhapura evaM jayapura, bhANDArakara oriyaNTala risarca iMsTITyUTa, pUnA, aDyAra lAIbrerI madrAsa, Dekina kaoNleja, pUnA, Amera zAstra bhaNDAra, jayapura, jaina zAstra bhaNDAra, nAgaura, jaina siddhAta bhavana, ArA (bihAra), gavarnameMTa kvIMsa kaoNleja (zAstra bhaNDAra), vArANasI, darabhaMgA rAjya lAIbrerI, darabhaMgA, hindI sAhitya sammelana prayAga (prAcya zAstra bhaNDAra) ilAhAbAda, lAlabhAI dalapata bhAI prAcya vidyA mandira, ahamadAbAda, ke.pI.jAyasavAla risarca iMsTITyUTa, paTanA, bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSda, paTanA, raoNyala eziyATika sosAiTI baMgAla, gilagita menyuskripTsa, kAzmIra, tathA mUDabidrI (karnATaka) aura gvAliyara evaM ujjaina ke zodha-saMsthAnoM ne kucha vargIkRta mahatvapUrNa pANDulipi-sUciyA~ prakAzita kI haiN| inake atirikta bhI jaina siddhAMta bhAskara, ArA (bihAra), anekAnta, dillI, jaina-hitaiSI, bambaI, nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA, vArANasI, hindI-sAhitya sammelana, patrikA prayAga, tathA anya kucha zogha-patrikAoM ne bhI kabhI-kabhI aprakAzita pANDulipiyoM kI sUcanAe~ prakAzita kI thii| phira bhI, unakA bahuta bar3A bhAga abhI bhI prakAzita honA zeSa

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha videzoM meM bhAratIya pANDulipiyA~ jaisA ki pUrva meM saMketa kara cukA hU~ ki samaya-samaya para videzI paryaTakoM dvArA videzoM meM bhI pANDulipiyA~ le jAI gaI haiN| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki prAcIna kAla ke hamAre mahAn sArthavAha-zrAvaka cArudatta, naTTala sAhU, koTibhaTTa zrIpAla, bhaviSyadatta, jinendradatta prabhRti bhI apane-apane svAdhyAya hetu apane sAtha kucha pANDulipiyoM ko lekara vahA~ ke apane sAdharmI bhAIyoM ke svAdhyAya hetu tathA kucha tIrthaMkara-mUrtiyoM ko bhI unake darzanArtha vahA~ (videzoM meM) chor3a Ae hoM, to koI Azcarya nhiiN| vartamAna meM sambhavataH vahI tIrthaMkara-mUrtiyA~ tathA unake liye nirmita bahusaMkhyaka vizAla jaina mandiroM ke jIrNa rUpa upalabdha ho rahe haiN| philahAla abhI naye sarvekSaNoM ke anusAra videzoM meM jo tAr3apatrIya evaM kargalIya pANDulipiyA~ surakSita haiM, unakI sUcI yahA~ prastuta kI jA rahI haiM - DaoN.vI.rAghavan ke bAda jisakI ki carcA maiM pIche kara AyA hU~, usake lagabhaga do-DhAI dazaka bAda paM.hIrAlAla jI duggar3a, dillI ne apane kucha vyaktigata srotoM ke AdhAra para videzoM meM jaina-sAhitya 86 (prAcya-pANDulipiyoM) kA jo vivaraNa prakAzita kiyA hai, use yahA~ prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| unake anusAra landana meM sahasroM granthAgAra haiM, jinameM se akele eka hI granthAgAra meM lagabhaga 1500 hastalikhita bhAratIya-pANDulipiyA~ haiM, jo adhikAMzatayA saMskRta evaM prAkRta meM haiM / vahA~ kI iNDiyA Aphisa lAIbrerI meM bhI 20000 saMskRta-prAkRta kI pANDulipiyA~ haiN| anya granthAgAroM meM bhI isI prakAra kI aneka pANDulipiyA~ surakSita haiN| jarmanI meM lagabhaga 5000 granthAgAra haiM, jinameM se akele barlina meM hI aneka granthAgAra haiN| inameM se kevala eka hI granthAgAra meM 12000 bhAratIya pANDulipiyA~ haiM | anyatra kI pANDulipiyoM kA to hisAba lagAnA hI kaThina hai| amerikA ke vAziMgaTana tathA bosTana nagara meM hI 500 se adhika granthAgAra haiN| inameM se mAtra eka hI granthAgAra meM 40 lAkha pANDulipiyA~ haiN| unameM bhI 20 sahasra pANDulipiyA~ kevala saMskRta evaM prAkRta kI haiM, jo bhArata se le jAyI gaI haiN| phrAMsa meM 1111 vizAla granthAgAra haiM, jinameM se perisa ke eka viviliyothika granthAgAra meM 40 lAkha grantha haiN| unameM se 12 hajAra saMskRta evaM prAkRta kI pANDulipiyA~ haiM, jo bhArata se le jAI gayI haiN| rUsa meM 1500 granthAgAra haiN| unameM se eka rASTrIya granthAgAra bhI hai, jisameM 40 lAkha grantha haiN| unameM se 22 hajAra saMskRta evaM prAkRta kI pANDulipiyA~ haiM, jo bhArata se le jAI gaI haiN| 86. de.madhya-eziyA aura paMjAba meM jainadharma (dillI, 1676) pR. 68-66

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62 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha isI prakAra - takSakoko (maiksiko), yukAtAna (prAcIna maiksiko), astrAkhAna (rUsa), bukhArA, pekiMga (cIna), lopAMga (cIna), tunahAMga (madhya - eziyA), khotana, kAzagara evaM tibbata, maMgoliyA, nepAla, bhUTAna, barmA, zrIlaMkA Adi dezoM meM hamArI agaNita pANDulipiyA~ bharI par3I haiM, jinakI sUciyA~ pUrNa rUpa se prakAza meM nahIM A sakI haiN| mAsko (rUsa) ke prAcya zAstra bhaNDAroM meM surakSita jaina-pANDulipiyoM kI eka sUcI, jo abhI jJAta ho sakI hai, vaha nimna prakAra hai - 1. ArAdhanA ( zivakoTi kRta), 2. 3. upAsakAcAra (pUjyapAda kRta) gRhastha dharma kA varNana karane vAlA grantha, padama-rAmapurANa (somasena kRta) samyaktvakaumudI-kathA (do pratiyA~), jaina-pUjA-vidhi, 4. bhAvI-jina tathA mahAvIra kI stutiyA~, praznottara-ratnamAlA (devendra kI TIkA sahita), sAmAyika (saMskRta evaM prAkRta kI prArthanAoM kA saMgraha), vidya goSThI - vidvAna brAhmaNoM ko jainadharma meM dIkSita karane ke liye unase zAstrArtha kA nirdeza dene vAlI munisundara kRta eka sundara racanA, AcAra-pradIpa (rAjezvara-kRta) jaina-nItizAstra para AdhArita, jisameM loka-gAthAoM jaisI aneka sundara gAthAe~ varNita hoM / subhASitArNava-advitIya vaijJAnika mahatva kI durlabha hastalikhita prati, jisameM 1000 se adhika zloka haiN| je 5. 6. 7. is 8. 6. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 16. 20. citrasena padmAvatIcarita (nayavijayakRta jaina kAvya) padmAvatI kI suvikhyAta kathA kA 536 zlokoM meM jaina rUpAntara, suprasiddha sUphI kavi malika muhammada jAyasI-kRta padmAvata kI kathA kA mUla srota-grantha / inake atirikta bhI lagabhaga 130 jaina - pANDulipiyA~ rUsa ke vividha zAstra bhaNDAroM meM surakSita haiN| kAtantra vyAkaraNa (sarvavarmakRta) kI durgasiMha kRta TIkA kI tIna pratiyA~ vRhatkathAmaMjarI, baDDhakahA ( paizAcI - prAkRta) kA saMskRta - rupAntara nItisAra evaM nItiratna ( vararuci) vetAlapaMcaviMzatikA (guNADhyakRta vRhatkathA ke aMzoM kA kSemendra dvArA kiyA gayA gadya rupAntara prAkRtalakSaNa (caNDakRta) nepAlI hastaprati 140 jaina hastalikhita pANDulipiyA~ (inake nAmoM ke ullekha nahIM kiye gaye haiM) AcArAMga sUtra - eka hastaprati kalpasUtra - kI do hastapratiyA~ ( inameM se eka para 'kalpalatA' nAma kI TIkA likhita hai )

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26. 6 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha sUtrakRtAMga sUtra-vibhinna TIkAoM sahita AcArAMga TIkA (zIlAMkAcArya kRta) kalpadrumakalikA (kalpasUtra para TIkA) dazavaikalpikAvRhavRtti (haribhadra kRta) kI kucha pratiyA~ pariziSTa parva hemacandra pravacanasAroddhAra kI 1606 gAthAe~ zrutivicAra-(sahaja kuzala) saMkalana graMtha AcArapradIpa (lokakathA saMgraha) ratnazekhara brAhmI evaM kharoSThI lipiyoM meM prApta kucha pANDulipiyA~ (jo seNTrala eziyA meM utkhanana meM prApta huI) vividha sandarbho se jJAta aitihAsika mUlya kI lupta-vilupta athavA anupalabdha kucha pramukha jaina-pANDulipiyoM kI sUcI - AcArya kundakunda kRta 84 pAhuDoM meM se kevala samayasAra, niyamasAra, paMcAstikAya, pravacanasAra, aSTapAhuDa, dazabhakti, dvAdazAnuprekSA evaM rayaNasAra ke atirikta anya grantha anupalabdha, samantabhadra kRta vaidyazAstra evaM gandhahastimahAbhASya, guNADhyakRta vaDDhakahA (paizAcI-prAkRta meM nibaddha), yativRSabhakRta SaTkaraNa svarUpa, AcArya vimalasUri kRta harivaMsacariyaM, zivAryakRta siddhivinizcaya, AcArya sarvanandi kRta loka-vibhAga, zrIdattakRta jalpanirNaya, pUjyapAda kRta sArasaMgraha, jinAbhiSekapATha, pANinIya vyAkaraNanyAsa evaM navastotra, kUci bhaTTAraka (aparanAma zrInandi bhaTTAraka, 7vIM sadI se pUrva) kRta mahApurANa (zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA-nibaddha) / ajJAta-kartRka zaurasenI-prAkRta nibaddha triSaSThilakSaNa (7vIM sadI se pUrva), pAtrakezarikRta trilakSaNaka-darzana evaM zalyatantra, devagupta (udyotanasUri ke samakAlIna) kRta tripuruSacarita, ajitayaza kRta tarkazAstra sambandhI koI granthA, zAnta yA zAntiSeNa kRta utprekSAlaMkAra ke lie prasiddha koI grantha, AdityakRta vardhamAnapurANa, rAjarSi prabhaMjana kRta utprekSAlaMkAra ke lie prasiddha koI grantha, AcArya vizeSavAdI kRta nyAya-darzana kA koI grantha, aparAjita (aparanAma zrIvijaya) kRta dazavaikAlikasUtra para TIkA-grantha, OM OM OM OM hai, ""

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64 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha sumatideva kRta sumati-saptaka, siddhasenakRta sanmati-prakaraNa para aparAjita sUri kRta koI TIkA-grantha, AcArya vidyAnandikRta vidyAnanda-mahodaya (tarkazAstra para likhita koI vistRta grantha, 23. amarakIrti-(apabhraMza-SaTakarmopadeza ke lekhaka) kRta-mahAvIracarita, yazodharacarita dharmacarita-TippaNa, subhASita-ratnanIti, dharmopadeza-cUr3AmaNi evaM dhyAna-pradIpa, inake atirikta bhI saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, hindI, rAjasthAnI evaM kannar3a Adi kI pANDulipiyoM kI prazastiyoM meM ullikhita aneka granthoM kI sUcI itanI vistRta hai ki sthAnAbhAva ke kAraNa sabhI ke ullekha yahA~ karanA sambhava nhiiN| inameM se kucha upalabdha haiM evaM kucha anupalabdha / kauna karegA ukta anupalabdha gaurava-granthoM kI khoja ? bhArata kA sAMskRtika evaM sAhityika itihAsa taba taka adhUrA rahegA, jaba taka una granthakAroM evaM unakI pANDulipiyoM kI khoja kara unakA bahuAyAmI mUlyAMkana nahIM kara liyA jaataa| bhAratIya vADmaya kA aitihAsika mUlya kA eka gaurava grantha-kAtantra vyAkaraNa aura deza-videza meM bikharI usakI vividha pANDulipiyA~ prAcya bhAratIya vyAkaraNa-vidyA ke gaurava-grantha ke rUpa meM mAne jAne vAle kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kA prakAzana yadyapi 16vIM sadI ke prathama caraNa meM hI ho cukA thA tathA jaina evaM jainettara pAThazAlAoM meM usake adhyayana-adhyApana kI vyavasthA bhI thI kintu dhIre-dhIre kinhIM adRSTa kAraNoM se vaha paramparA banda ho gaI aura paravartI pANini-vyAkaraNa ne usakA sthAna le liyaa| kAtantra-vyAkaraNa - kintu kAtantra vyAkaraNa kI apanI vizeSa garimA hai| isakI prAcInatA tathA vizeSatAoM kA mUlyAMkana karate hue suprasiddha vyAkaraNa zAstrI DaoN. prabhudayAla agnihotrI ne spaSTa kahA hai ki-"kAtantra-vyAkaraNa" pANini kI paramparA para Azrita na hokara unase pUrvavartI-"kalApa-vyAkaraNa" para Azrita thaa| pANini aura kAtyAyana donoM ne hI kalApI aura unakI ziSya-paramparA kA ullekha kiyA hai| Age ve punaH kahate haiM ki "bhASya meM bhI mahAvArtika ke sAtha" kAlApaka zabda AyA hai aura usake bAda turanta hI pANinIya-zAstra kI carcA hai| isase anumAna hotA hai ki pANini ke pUrva "kalApI" kI koI vyAkaraNa-zAkhA thii| kAtantra-vyAkaraNa usI para Azrita hai 87 / kAtantra vyAkaraNa mayUrapicchI-dhArI zarvavarma dvArA viracita hai| viSNu-purANa (3/8) ke anusAra-"digambaro muNDo barhipicchidharo" ke kathana se spaSTa hai ki zarvavarma digambara muni the, jisakA purajora samarthana kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke mahArathI vidvAn DaoN. jAnakIprasAda dvivedI 88 ne bhI kiyA hai| 87. pataMjalikAlIna bhArata (paTanA 1663) pR. 66-67 88. kAtantra vyAkaraNa-prathama bhAga kI bhUmikA

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha bhAratIya vyAkaraNa zAstra ke suprasiddha itihAsajJa paM.yudhiSThira mImAMsaka ne ukta zarvavarma kA kAla pANini se 1500 varSa-pUrva mAnA hai / AcArya bhAvasena traividya ke anusAra-tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI kramika paramparA se prApta vyAkaraNika-jJAna ko kAtantra athavA kaumAra yA kalApa ke nAma se saMkSipta sUtra-zailI meM sarvaprathama AcArya zarvavarma dvArA grathita kiyA gyaa|" AkAra meM saMkSipta hone ke kAraNa use muSTi-vyAkaraNa bhI kahA gayA hai / isa grantha kI lokapriyatA isI se jAnI jA sakatI hai ki yugoM-yugoM se vaha kAzmIra, aphagAnistAna, tibbata, bhUTAna, maMgoliyA, nepAla, barmA evaM zrIlaMkA ke vibhinna pAThyakramoM meM nirdhArita thA tathA una-una dezoM kI bhASA evaM lipiyoM meM inakI vividha prakAra kI darjanoM TIkAe~ bhI vartamAna meM upalabdha haiN| sAhityika itihAsakAroM ke anusAra 12vIM-13vIM sadI meM kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kA acchA pracAra thaa| durgasiMha evaM bhAvasena-traividya ne usa para vRttiyA~ likhakara kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke mahatva evaM usake Antarika saundarya ko hI prakAzita nahIM kiyA, balki unhoMne vyAkaraNa ke kSetra meM kAtantra-vyAkaraNa sambandhI eka aise "kAtantra-Andolana' kA sUtrapAta kiyA, jisane ki binA kisI sampradAyabheda tathA AmnAyabheda ke aneka vaiyAkaraNoM evaM sAhityakAroM ko AkarSita aura samIkSAtmaka tathA vizadArthaka lekhana-kArya hetu prerita kiyaa| apabhraMza-kavi bhI usase prabhAvita hue binA na raha ske| pAsaNAhacariu (adyAvadhi aprakAzita-apabhraMza mahAkAvya) kA lekhaka vibudha zrIdhara (12vIM sadI) jaba harayANA se bhramaNa karane hetu dillI AyA, to use vahA~ kI sar3akeM vaisI hI sundara lagI thIM, jaisI ki jijJAsuoM ke liye kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kI paMjikA-vRtti 1 / usa kAtantra-Andolana kA hI yaha suphala rahA ki pichale lagabhaga 6-7 sau varSoM meM deza-videzoM meM usa para saikar3oM vividha TIkAe~ Adi likhI gii| eka prakAra se yaha kAla kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke bahuAyAmI mahatva ke prakAzana kA svarNakAla hI bana gayA thaa| isakI saralatA, saMkSiptatA, spaSTatA, laukikatA tathA udAharaNoM kI dRSTi se sthAnIyatA tathA sthAnIya samakAlIna loka-saMskRti ke sAtha-sAtha usameM bhUgola, arthanIti, rAjanIti, samAjanIti Adi ke samAhAra ke kAraNa vaha grantha nizcaya hI vizva-sAhitya ke ziromaNi-grantha ratna ke rUpa meM ubhara kara sammukha AyA hai| kAtantra athavA kalApaka (arthAt kalApa-vyAkaraNa) ke prAcyakAlIna adhyetA chAtroM ke samUha ko dekhakara usakI lokapriyatA kA anubhava kara maharSi pataMjali (I.pU. 86. ziSyahitAnyAsa-vRtti-bhUmikA pR.14 60. muSTi vyAkaraNa nAmnA kAtantra vA kumaarkm| - kAlApaka prakAzAtma brahmaNAbhidhAyakam / / (kAtantra-rUpamAlA pR. 167) 61. pAsaNAhacariu (vibudhazrIdhara, aprakAzita) Adya-prazasti- 1/3/10 hai. yaha grantha ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka dvArA sampAdita hai tathA zIghra hI prakAzita hone jA 1. rahA hai|

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66 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha tIsarI sadI) ko apane vyAkaraNa-mahAbhASya meM spaSTa likhanA par3A thA - "grAme grAme kAThake kAlApakaM ca procyate / " arthAt grAma-grAma, nagara-nagara meM kAlApaka (arthAt kAtantra-vyAkaraNa) kA adhyayana karAyA jAtA hai| pro. bevara ne apanI History of Sanskrit Grammar meM kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kA mUlyAMkana karate hue kahA hai ki - "jo vyakti prAkRta bhASA ke mAdhyama se saMskRta bhASA sIkhanA cAhate haiM, unake liye kAtantra-vyAkaraNa sarvAdhika upayogI hai 2 / ukta kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA sarvaprathama sampAdana DaoN. sara viliyama jonsa ne san 1800 I. ke AsapAsa kiyA thA, jisakA prakAzana rAyala eziyATika sosAiTI baMgAla, kalakattA dvArA kiyA gayA / jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai, ukta grantha kA lekhaka zarvavarma yadyapi jainAcArya hai 3 kintu pantha evaM sAmpradAyika saMkIrNatAoM se pare rahane ke kAraNa deza-videza meM sarvatra usakI pratiSThA huI hai| usakI lokapriyatA kA anumAna isI se lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki usa para deza- videza kI vibhinna bhASAoM evaM zailiyoM meM itanI adhika TIkAe~, vRttiyA~, bhASya, cUrNiyA~, avacUriyA~, anuvAda tathA TIkAoM para bhI vividha TIkAe~ likhI gaI ki vizva - sAhitya meM zAyada hI itanI TIkAe~ evaM bhASya Adi kisI anya grantha para likhe gaye hoN| phira bhI durbhAgya yaha hai ki isa koTi ke sAhitya kA bahula bhAga abhI taka aprakAzita hI hai, jo ki pANDulipiyoM ke rUpa meM deza-videza ke vibhinna zAstra-bhaNDAroM' meM surakSita hai| unameM se kAtantra sambandhI kucha pANDulipiyoM kA sUcIkaraNa bhI huA hai, jinakA saMkSipta vivaraNa nimna prakAra hai madhyapradeza evaM barAra (vidarbha meM) kAraMjA (mahArASTra) rAjasthAna - 18 7 40 45 gujarAta ArA bhoTa (bhUTAnI) bhASA kI tibbatI bhASA kI mAsko (rUsa) meM DaoN. jAnakIprasAda dvivedI ke sarvekSaNa ke anusAra deza-videza meM kula milAkara abhI taka usakI vividha prakAra kI lagabhaga 268 pANDulipiyoM kI sUcanA milI hai| 8 23 TIkAe~ 12 anu. 23 TIkAe~ 3 TIkAe~ (kula 61 TIkAyeM) 62. kAtantra - vyAkaraNa kI ziSyahitAnyAsa - TIkA, bhUmikA, pR. 10 (sampA. - DaoN. rAmasAgara zAstrI) 63. zrImaccharvavarma jainAcArya - viracitaM kAtantra-vyAkaraNam (kAtantra rUpamAlA)

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67 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha jaina pANDulipiyoM ke prakAzana meM-zrI gaNeza varNI di. jaina (zodha-) saMsthAna kA yogadAna ___ isa prasaMga meM mujhe yaha kahate hue vizeSa prasannatA kA anubhava ho rahA hai ki gaNeza varNI digambara jaina saMsthAna (nariyA, vArANasI) bhI pANDulipiyoM ke uddhAra meM pIche nahIM rhaa| usake saMsthApaka-nidezaka zraddheya paM. phUlacandra jI zAstrI ko kahIM se bundelI-bhASA ke gaurava-kavi paM. devIdAsa kI kucha hastalikhita pANDulipiyoM kA eka guTakA upalabdha huA thaa| unake tatkAla prakAzana kI unakI kitanI tIvra icchA thI, isakA anumAna isI se lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki janavarI 1677 kI koramakora zIta-Rtu meM use lekara svayaM hI ve ArA (bihAra) padhAre aura DaoN. vidyAvatI ko una sabhI pANDulipiyoM ke sampAdana evaM mUlyAMkana hetu kRpApUrNa Adeza diyaa| viSaya-vargIkaraNa kI dRSTi se ve samasta pANDulipiyA~ nau khaNDoM meM vibhakta kI gaI aura 388 pRSThoM meM "devIdAsa-vilAsa" ke nAma se sitambara 1664 meM ukta varNI-saMsthAna se prakAzita huii| usake sampAdana-prakAzana meM bhale hI kucha vilamba ho gayA, kintu vidvAnoM ne use ucca koTi kA prakAzana ghoSita kara bar3A santoSa vyakta kiyaa| mahAkavi devIdAsa kI pANDulipiyoM kA sampAdana to ukta grantha meM samAhita ho gayA kintu usake vistRta tulanAtmaka evaM samIkSAtmaka 606 pRSThIya zodha-grantha para DaoN. vidyAvatI ko bI.Ara.ambeDakara bihAra vizva vidyAlaya, mujaphpharapura dvArA san 1968 meM DI.liT kI upAdhi se bhI sammAnita kiyA gyaa| yaha grantha adyAvadhi aprakAzita hai| vastutaH pUjya paNDita jI atyanta cintita rahA karate the ki ukta mahAkavi devIdAsa ke sAhitya kI aneka kAraNoM se upekSA huI hai| isI kAraNa unakI cintA ko dUra karane tathA unakI bhAvanAoM kA Adara karate hue uccastarIya zodha kA bhI use viSaya banAyA gayA aura usameM ukta zAnadAra saphalatA bhI milii| yadi sahRdaya pAThaka-gaNa bundelI-bhASA kI saralatA dekhanA cAhate hoM, adhyAtma kI gaharAI nApanA cAhate hoM, bundelI-bhASA kI miThAsa kA rasAsvAdana karanA cAhate hoM, yadi usakI mRdula chavi dekhanA cAhate hoM, yadi dArzanika cintanadhArA kI gambhIratA meM DubakI lagAnA cAhate hoM, yadi manovaijJAnika citra-vicitra raMgoM ke raMga meM apane caritra kA patA lagAnA cAhate hoM, yadi jaina-rahasyavAda kI garimA dekhanA cAhate hoM, vividha prakAra kI chandAvalI yA lAkSaNikatAoM ke darzana karanA cAhate hoM, to pratyeka svAdhyAyI aura zodhArthI ke liye ukta devIdAsa-vilAsa kA adhyayana avazya karanA caahiye| mahAkavi devIdAsa kI sthiti usI prakAra kI thI, jisa prakAra ki santa kabIra kii| kabIra tAnA-bAnA bunakara apanA bharaNa-poSaNa karate the| paM.devIdAsa jI bhI usI prakAra baMjI-bhauMrI 64 karake apanA aura apane parivAra kA bharaNa-poSaNa kiyA karate the aura rAtri meM apanA lekhana-kArya kiyA karate the| 64. sira evaM kaMdhoM para vyApArika sAmagriyoM ko lAdakara dehAtoM-dehAtoM meM paidala calakara becane ko budelI bhASA meM 'baMjI-bhaurI' kahA jAtA hai|

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68 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha kavi devIdAsa kI eka pANDulipi adyAvadhi aprakAzita hI hai aura vaha hai AcArya kundakunda kRta pravacanasAra kA bundelI-hindI meM pdyaanuvaad| devIdAsa-vilAsa ke prakAzana ke bAda usakI jIroksa prati jayapura se upalabdha hone se vaha chapane se raha gaI hai| aba dekheM usa pANDulipi kA bhAgya kaba jAgatA hai aura kaba evaM kahA~ se vaha prakAzita ho pAtI hai ? devIdAsa-vilAsa ke prakAzana ke pUrva bhI ukta varNI-saMsthAna ne eka aprakAzita pANDulipi kA prakAzana kiyA thA, jisakA nAma hai-AcArya bhadrabAhu, cANakya-candragupta-kathA evaM rAjA kalki vrnnn| yaha apabhraMza kI aitihAsika racanA mahAkavi raidhU kRta hai aura usakI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki usameM yApanIya-saMgha kI utpatti evaM kAntAra-caryA kI kathA bhI prAsaMgika rUpa meM milatI hai, jisake kAraNa yaha racanA bar3I rocaka evaM carcita huii| isakA sampAdana pUjya paM.phUlacandra jI zAstrI kI preraNA se DaoN.rAjArAma jaina ne kiyA thA, jisakA prakAzana varNI saMsthAna se san 1982 meM huA thaa| bhaugolika dRSTi se pANDulipiyoM kA mahatva __ isa zatAbdI ke prArambha se hI deza-videza ke prAcyavidyAvidoM ne prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya ke AdhAra para prAcya bhAratIya bhUgola kA bhI adhyayana kiyA hai| usa dRSTi se vaidika evaM bauddha-sAhitya kA to mUlyAMkana kiyA gayA kintu jaina-sAhitya meM varNita bhUgola adyAvadhi upekSita hI banA rhaa| jaisA ki pUrva meM likhA jA cukA hai-khojI vidvAnoM ne kAlidAsa kRta meghadUta ke virahI-yakSa ke dUta ke megha ke mArga taka kA patA lagA liyA, jaba ki dvAdazavarSIya bhISaNa duSkAla meM zramaNa-saMskRti evaM sAdhu-saMgha kI surakSA kI dRSTi se antima zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAha ke dakSiNa-bhArata kI itanI lambI yAtrA ke sthala-mArga kA patA Aja taka lagAne kA prayatna nahIM kiyA gyaa| isa AvazyakatA kI ora kisI kA dhyAna taka nahIM gyaa| Aja taka isa tathya kA patA nahIM calA ki unake yAtrA kA mArga kyA thA aura kahA~-kahA~ unhoMne apane kyA-kyA smRti cinha chor3e ? ___ mahAkavi kAlidAsa se lagabhaga 4-5 sau varSa pUrva hue AcArya kundakunda ke sAhitya meM upalabdha bhUgola kI bhI upekSA kara dI gaI, jaba ki unhoMne rASTriya bhAvAtmaka ekatA evaM akhaNDatA National Unity and Emotional Integration) ke pratIka apane nirvANa-kANDa-stotra ke mAdhyama se parvatarAja himAlaya ke garvonnata bhavyamAla ke samAna aSTApada-kailAza parvata se. lekara jammU evaM kAzmIra taka tathA gujarAta ke girinAra, dakSiNa ke kunthalagiri, pUrvI-bhArata ke sammedagiri, dakSiNa-pUrva kI koTi-zilA ke catuSkoNa ke bIcoM-bIca lagabhaga 40 pradhAna nagaroM, tIrthoM, parvatoM evaM nadiyoM ke ullekha kara samakAlIna bhAratIya bhUgola para acchA prakAza DAlA hai| isa prasaMga meM yaha bhI dhyAtavya hai ki san 1662 meM jaba cIna ne bhArata para pahalA AkramaNa kiyA thA aura himAlaya ke kucha bhUbhAga ko usane apanA cInI-kSetra ghoSita kiyA thA, taba atyadhika cintita hokara tatkAlIna pradhAna maMtrI paM. javAharalAla neharu ne bahuta hI ucca-svara meM mahAkavi kAlidAsa (5vIM sadI) ke kumArasambhava-mahAkAvya (1/1) kI

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 66 astyuttarasyAM dizi devatAtmA, himAlayo nAma nagAdhirAjaH / / nAmaka paMkti kA ullekha kara use eka prAmANika dastAveja ke rUpa meM prastuta kara tathA cIna-sarakAra ke dAve ko galata batAkara himAlaya ke kaNa-kaNa para yugoM-yugoM se bhArata ke svAmitva kI ghoSaNA kI thI, jaba ki kAlidAsa ke pUrvavartI AcArya-kundakunda (I. pU. 12) dvArA kiyA gayA aSTApada (kailAza parvata) kA ullekha to ukta prasaMga meM IsA-pUrva kAla se hI sampUrNa himAlaya para bhAratIya svAmitva kA sabala pramANa upasthita karatA A rahA hai| kintu durbhAgya, ki isa prAcIna sabala pramANa kI upekSA kI gii| isakA kAraNa kyA rahA hogA, yaha anveSaNa kA viSaya hai| abhI kucha samaya pUrva eka pANDulipi aisI bhI dRSTigocara huI hai, jisameM surendrakIrti nAmake eka bhaTTAraka kI rezandIgiri se zravaNabelagola taka kI paidala tIrthayAtrA kA varNana hai| ukta donoM tIrthoM ke madhya meM jitane bhI jaina tIrtha the, jaise udayagiri-khaNDagiri, tathA karnATaka, Andhrapradeza, mahArASTra, uttarapradeza, madhyapradeza evaM bihAra ke adhikAMza tIrthakSetroM kI vandanA kara unhoMne unakA A~khoM dekhA saMkSipta varNana kiyA hai| yaha aitihAsika pANDulipi abhI taka aprakAzita hai| ukta bhaTTAraka kA samaya 18vIM sadI ke AsapAsa hai| jaina-tIrthoM ke itihAsa kI dRSTi se usa pANDulipi kA jitanA mahatva hai, bhAratIya itihAsa kI dRSTi se bhI usakA utanA hI mahatva hai| ataH aisI pANDulipi kA tatkAla prakAzana Avazyaka hai, kyoMki vaha hamAre lie usI prakAra mahatvapUrNa dastAveja siddha ho sakatI hai, jisa prakAra ki megAsthanIja, phAhiyAna, yUnatsAMga, alaverunI, phAdara mAMTaserrATa tathA jaoNna mare ke yAtrA-vRtAnta / bahuta sambhava hai ki Aja digambara jaina tIrthoM ko lekara dUsaroM dvArA jo nae-nae jhagar3e khar3e kiye jA raheM haiM, unake samAdhAna meM vaha grantha vizeSa upayogI siddha ho ske| etadviSayaka upalabdha zvetAmbara-sAhitya kA adhikAMzataH mUlyAMkana ho cukA hai kintu digambara jaina-sAhitya abhI taka upekSita hI par3A huA hai| uttara-madhyakAlIna jaina pANDulipiyoM meM upalabdha malikavAhaNa, mammaNavAhaNa, dohaDoTTa, pukkhalAvai, harigrahapura, ahaMgayAla, NADa, meghakUDapura, puMDarIkiNI, baDapura, sAligrAma jaise nagara abhI bhI aparicita jaise hI haiM, uccakappa, pralhAdanapura, kagaDaMkadurga, nagarakoTTa, evaM trigarta jaise nagara bhI abhI taka aparicita jaise hI haiN| ina nagaroM ke itihAsa ke pate lagAne kI tatkAla AvazyakatA hai, jo hamArI pANDulipiyoM se hI sambhava kucha uttara-madhyakAlIna pANDulipiyoM se yaha bhI jAnakArI milatI hai ki kAMgaDA (himAcala) ke AsapAsa vizAla digambara tathA zvetAmbara jaina mandira nirmitta the kintu bAda meM zvetAmbara-mandira to baca gayA, kintu digambara-mandira naSTa kara diyA gyaa|

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70 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha apabhraMza- pANDulipiyoM meM varNita kucha rocaka tathya: samasyApUrti - paramparA - apabhraMza-sAhitya meM samasyA-pUrti ke rUpa meM kucha rocaka gAthAe~ upalabdha hotI haiN| ina samasyA-pUrtiyoM ke Ayojana rAjadarabAroM yA sAmAnya-kakSoM meM huA karate the| inakA rUpa prAya: vahI thA, jo Ajakala ke "iNTaravyU " ( Interview) kA hai| vyakti ke vyaktitva ke bAhya-parIkSaNa ke to aneka mAdhyama the, kintu usake kAvya- kauzala, RjutA, mRdutA, caturAI, pratibhA, Azu kavitva, pratyutpannamatitva Adi ke parIkSaNArtha samasyApUrti kI paddhati pracalita thii| samasyApUrti sambandhI padyoM se vyakti ke svabhAva, vicAradhArA, vANI - mAdhurya, usakI kulInatA, pariveza evaM vAtAvaraNa kA bhI sahaja hI anumAna lagA liyA jAtA thA / mahAkavi raidhU kRta '"sirivAlacariu" ke eka prasaMga 65 ke anusAra, koMkaNapaTTana-nareza yazorAzi kI 1600 rAjakumAriyoM meM se ATha haThIlI evaM garvIlI rAjakumAriyoM ne pratijJA kI thI ki ve aise vyakti ke sAtha apanA vivAha kareMgI, jo unakI samasyAoM kI pUrti gAthA-chanda meM karegA / unakI eka kaThina zarta yaha bhI thI ki jo bhI pratiyogI unake uttara nahIM de sakegA, use zUlI para car3hA diyA jAyegA / phalasvarUpa, hInabuddhi vyaktiyoM ne to usameM bhAga lene kA sAhasa hI nahIM kiyA aura jo pratiyogI apanI heThI bA~dhakara bhAga lene Aye bhI, unheM zUlI para jhUla jAnA pdd'aa| campApura nareza zrIpAla apanI yAtrA ke samaya jaba una rAjakumAriyoM kA yaha samasta vRtAnta sunatA hai, taba vaha bhI sAhasa baTorakara apanA bhAgya AjamAne ke liye isa pratiyogitA meM sammilita hone hetu cala par3atA hai / rAjadarabAra meM sarvaprathama rAjakumArI suvarNadevI usase jina samasyAoM kI pUrti ke lie anurodha karatI haiM, unameM se do ke udAharaNa yahA~ prastuta haiM / yathA (9) samasyA gau pekkhaMtaha savvu / (arthAt saba kucha dekhate hI dekhate naSTa ho jAtA hai|) jovvaNa vijjA saMpayahaM kijjai kiM piNa gavvu / pUrti jama ruTThai NaTThi ehu jagu gau pekkhaMtahu savvu / / arthAt yauvana, vidyA evaM sampatti para kabhI garva nahIM karanA cAhie kyoMki isa saMsAra meM yamarAja jaba rUTha jAtA hai, taba "saba kucha dekhate hI dekhate naSTa ho jAtA hai|" bhai ehu / (arthAt puNya se hI ye saba prApta hote (2) samasyA puNe haiN| pUrti vijjA-jovvaNa-rUva-dhaNu-pariyaNu kaya- hu / ballahajaNa melAvara puNNeM labbhai ehu / arthAt saMsAra meM vidyA, yauvana, saundarya, dhana, parijanoM kA sneha evaM priyajanoM kA saMyoga ye sabhI "puNya se hI prApta hote haiN|" 65. sirivAlacariu (adyAvadhi aprakAzita) 8/6/1-8

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71 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha isI prakAra anya haThIlI rAjakumAriyA~ bhI zrIpAla se kaThina se kaThina prazna karatI haiM kintu vaha bhI sahaja svAbhAvika evaM saTIka uttara dekara sabhI kA mana moha letA isa prakAra kI samasyApUrtiyoM meM paurANika, AdhyAtmika tathA samakAlIna sAmAjika evaM laukika sabhI prakAra ke prasaMga rahate the| zrIpAla cU~ki apane zikSAkAla meM guru-caraNoM meM baiThakara sabhI vidyAoM meM pAraMgata ho hI cukA thA, ataH rAjadarabAra kI isa jaTila antarvIkSA (Interview) meM vaha uttIrNa ho gayA aura una sabhI haThIlI evaM garvIlI rAjakumAriyoM ko jIta kara unake sAtha usane vivAha racA liyaa| bundelakhaNDa meM yaha paramparA Aja bhI kucha parivartita rUpa meM dekhI jAtI hai| sAta phere par3ane ke bAda jaba vadhu vara ke sAtha janamAse meM le AI jAtI haiM, to donoM pakSoM ke loga vara-vadhu ko apane madhya meM baiThA lete haiN| usI samaya vara vadhu se aneka prakAra ke prazna karatA hai aura vadhu apanI yogyatAnusAra unake uttara bhI detI hai| isI prakAra vadhu bhI vara se prazna karatI hai| usI praznottarI se upasthita loga vara-vadhu kI bauddhika cAturI kI parIkSA kara unake bhaviSya ko samajhane kA prayatna karate haiN| samAja meM kaviyoM evaM lekhakoM ke lie AzrayadAna madhyakAlIna jaina-sAhitya ke nirmANa kA adhikAMza zreya zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM, zreSThiyoM, rAjAoM athavA sAmantoM ko haiN| usa samaya zreSThivarga evaM sAmanta, rAjya ke Arthika evaM rAjanaitika vikAsa ke pramukha kAraNa hone se rAjya meM sammAnita evaM prabhAvazAlI sthAna banAye hue the| samaya-samaya para unhoMne sAhityakAroM ko preraNAe~ evaM Azraya-dAna dekara sAhitya kI bar3I-bar3I sevAe~ kI haiN| madhyakAlIna pANDulipiyoM kI prazastiyA~ isa prakAra ke sandarbho se bharI par3I haiN| ina AzrayadAtAoM kI abhiruci bar3I sAtvika evaM pariSkRta pAI jAtI haiN| bhautika-samRddhiyoM evaM bhoga-vilAsa ke aizvaryapUrNa vAtAvaraNa meM rahakara bhI ve dharma, samAja, rASTra, sAhitya evaM sAhityakAroM ke prati apane uttaradAyitva ko vismRta nahIM karate the| mahAmAtya bharata, unake putra nanna, sAhU naTTala, sAhU khemasiMha evaM kamalasiMha saMghavI prabhRti AzrayadAtA isI koTi meM Ate haiN| "NAyakumAracariu" "jasaharacariu tathA "tisaTThimahApurANapurisaguNAlaMkAru" jaise zIrSastha apabhraMza-kAvyoM ke praNetA mahAkavi puSpadanta ke "abhimAnameru", abhimAnacinha tathA kAvyapizAca jaise garvIle aura adbhuta vizeSaNa sacamuca hI sArthaka pratIta hote haiN| unakA sAhityika abhimAna evaM svAbhimAna vizva-vAD.maya ke itihAsa meM anupama hai| unakI eka prazasti ke anusAra eka bAra unhoMne sarasvatI ko bhI cunautI de DAlI thI aura kahA thA-"he sarasvatI, maiM hI tumheM apanI jihvA para Azraya de sakatA hU~, anya nhiiN| mujhe chor3akara tuma jAogI kahA~ ?" eka rAjadarabAra meM rAjA dvArA apamAnita ho jAne para usa vAgvibhUti puSpadanta ne apane svAbhimAna kI rakSA karane hetu tatkAla hI apanA rAja-nivAsa tyAga diyA thA aura

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72 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha usI dina usa ghamaNDI rAjA kI rAjya-sImA chor3akara jaMgala meM DerA DAla diyA thaa| vahA~ nirjana-vana meM unheM eka vRkSa ke nIce akelA leTA huA dekhakara ammai aura indra nAmaka puruSoM dvArA usakA kAraNa pUche jAne para puSpadanta ne spaSTa kahA thA-"giri-kandarAoM meM ghAsa-phUsa khAkara raha jAnA acchA, kintu durjanoM kI Ter3hI-mer3hI bhauMhe sahanA acchA nhiiN| mAtA kI kokha se janmate hI mara jAnA acchA, kintu kisI rAjA ke bhrUkuMcita netra dekhanA aura usake kuvacana sunanA acchA nahIM, kyoMki rAjalakSmI Dulate hue ca~varoM kI havA se unake (rAjAoM ke) sAre guNoM ko ur3A detI hai aura abhiSeka ke jala se unake sAre guNoM ko dho DAlatI haiM, unheM vivekavihIna banA detI hai aura unheM mUrkha banAkara vaha (rAjalakSmI) svayaM hI darpa se phUlI rahatI haiN| isIlie, rAjadarabAra ko chor3akara maiMne isa nirjana vana meM zaraNa lI hai 66 / " rASTrakUTa-rAjA kRSNarAja (tRtIya) ke mahAmantrI bharata kavi puSpadanta ke Agneya svabhAva ko jAnatA thA, phira bhI vaha unheM usa nirjana-vana se vinatI karake apane ghara le AyA aura sabhI prakAra kA sammAna evaM vizvAsa dekara sAhitya-racanA ke lie unheM prerita kiyA thaa| __"tisaTThimahApurANapurisaguNAlaMkAru" ke prathama bhAga kI samApti ke bAda kavi jaba sahasA hI kucha khinna ho uThA, taba bharata ne kavi se nivedana kiyA-"he mahAkavi, Aja Apa khinna kyoM haiM ? kyA kAvya-racanA meM ApakA mana nahIM laga rahA athavA mujhase koI aparAdha bana par3A hai yA phira anya koI kAraNa hai ? ApakI jihvA para to sarasvatI kA nivAsa hai, phira Apa siddha-vANI-rUpI dhenu kA navarasa yukta kSIra hama logoM ke liye vitarita kyoM nahIM kara rahe haiM / " bharata kI isa vinamra prArthanA evaM vinayazIla svabhAva ke kAraNa phakkar3a evaM akkhar3a mahAkavi puSpadanta bar3A prabhAvita huA aura usane bar3I hI AtmIyatA ke sAtha bharata se kahA :- "he bhAI, maiM dhana ko tinake ke samAna ginatA hU~, maiM use nahIM letaa| maiM to kevala akAraNa prema kA bhUkhA hU~ aura isI kAraNa se tumhAre rAjamahala meM rukA hU~ 68 / itanA hI nahIM, kavi ne usake viSaya meM punaH likhA hai:-"bharata svayaM hI santajanoM kI taraha sAtvika jIvana-vyatIta karatA hai, vaha vidyA-vyasanI hai, usakA nivAsa sthAna saMgIta, kAvya evaM goSThiyoM kA kendra bana gayA hai| usake yahA~ aneka pratilipikAra granthoM kI pratilipiyA~ karate rahate haiN| usake ghara meM lakSmI evaM sarasvatI kA apUrva samanvaya hai / " kamalasiMha saMghavI gopAcala ke tomaravaMzI rAjA DUMgarasiMha kA mahAmAtya thaa| usakI icchA thI ki vaha pratidina kisI navIna kAvya-grantha kA svAdhyAya kiyA kre| ataH vaha rAjya ke mahAkavi raidhU se nivedana karatA hai:-" he sarasvatI,-nilaya, zayanAsana, 66. mahApurANa, 1/3/4-5 67. mahApurANa, 38/3/6-10 68. mahAkavi puSpadanta, pR. 81 66. mahAkavi puSpadanta pR. 81.

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 73 hAthI, ghor3e, dhvajA, chatra, ca~vara, sundara-sundara rAniyA~, ratha, senA, sonA, cA~dI, dhana-dhAnya, bhavana, sampatti, koSa, nagara, grAma, bandhu-bAndhava, santAna, putra, bhAI Adi sabhI mujhe upalabdha haiN| saubhAgya se kisI bhI prakAra kI bhautika-sAmagrI kI mujhe kamI nahIM, kintu itanA saba hone para bhI mujhe eka vastu kA abhAva sadA khaTakatA rahatA hai aura vaha yaha hai ki mere pAsa kAvyarUpI eka bhI sundara maNi nahIM hai| usake binA merA sArA atula vaibhava phIkA-phIkA lagatA hai| he kAvyaratnAkara, Apa to mere snehI bAlamitra haiM, ataH maiM apane hRdaya kI gA~Tha kholakara Apase saca-saca kahatA hU~, Apa kRpAkara mere nimitta eka kAvya-racanA kara mujhe anugrahIta kara dIjie 100 / " mahAkavi raidhU ne saMghavI kI prArthanA svIkAra kara sammattaguNaNihANakavva kI racanA kara dii| usakI prazasti meM kavi ne ukta saMghavI dvArA nirmApita gopAcala-durga kI 80 phITa U~cI AdinAtha kI mUrti kI carcA kI hai, jisakA pratiSThA-kArya svayaM mahAkavi raidhU dvArA sampanna huA thA 101 / ___ harayANA ke mahAkavi bibudha zrIdhara (12vIM sadI) jaba apane caMdappahacariu 02 (apabhraMza-mahAkAvya) kI racanAkara kucha zithilatA kA anubhava karane lage, taba use dUra karane ke nimitta ve bhramaNArtha dillI Aye the| vahA~ unakI bheMTa vizva prasiddha sArthavAha naTTala sAhU se huii| naTTala ne apane paricaya meM kavi ko batalAyA ki "maiMne dillI meM eka vizAla zikharabanda AdinAtha kA mandira banavAyA hai aura bahuraMgI samAroha meM maine usa para paMcaraMgI jhaNDA bhI phaharAyA hai| deza-videza meM merI 46 vyAvasAyika gadiyA~ (Agencies for Trade and Commerce) haiN| mere pAsa kisI bhI prakAra kI bhautika sampadA kI koI kamI nahIM hai| kevala kamI hai to eka hI bAta kI ki mere pAsa svAdhyAya karane hetu koI sundara grantharatna nahIM hai| ataH kRpAkara Apa mere nimitta isI AdinAtha mandira meM baiThakara pAsaNAhacariu kI racanA kara diijiye| kavi ne naTTala kA anurodha svIkAra kara ukta carita-kAvya kA praNayana kara diyaa| jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai, prastuta pAsaNAhacariu (kI pANDulipi) kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki usakI prazasti meM 12vIM sadI kI dillI kA A~khoM dekhA varNana kiyA gayA hai| usa samaya dillI meM kutubamInAra kA nirmANa nahIM huA thaa| kintu jaba kutubudIna aibaka kA vahA~ rAjya huA, taba usane usa AdinAtha ke mandira tathA usake prAMgaNa ke mAnastambha tathA samIpavartI anya aneka mandiroM tathA kIrtistambha ko tor3a-phor3akara usI sAmagrI se kutubamInAra tathA kutubbula-islAma nAma kI eka vistRta masjida kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| aitihAsika dRSTi se vizeSa mahatva kA yaha pAsaNAhacariu abhI taka aprakAzita hai| 100-101. sammattaguNaNihANakavva (adyAvadhi aprakAzita) Adi-prazasti 102. vartamAna meM anupalabdha

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74 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha kaviyoM ke lie sArvajanika sammAna ___ apabhraMza-kAvya-prazastiyoM meM vidvAna-kaviyoM ke sArvajanika sammAnoM kI bhI kucha carcAe~ upalabdha hotI haiN| inase sAmAjika mAnasikatA tathA usakI abhiruciyoM kA patA calatA hai| "sammattaguNaNihANakavva" nAmakI pANDulipi kI prazasti se vidita hotA hai ki mahAkavi raidhU ne jaba apane ukta kAvya-racanA samAptikI kI aura apane AzrayadAtA kamalasiMha saMghavI ko samarpita kiyA, taba saMghavI jI itane Atmavibhora ho uThe ki usakI pANDulipi ko lekara nAcane-gAne lge| itanA hI nahIM, unhoMne ukta kRti evaM kRtikAra donoM ko hI rAjya ke sarvazreSTha zubhravarNa vAle hAthI para virAjamAna kara gAje-bAje ke sAtha savArI nikAlI aura unakA sArvajanika sammAna kara unheM bezakImata svarNAlaMkAra, dravyarAzi evaM vastrAbhUSaNAdi bheMTa-svarUpa pradAna kiye the 103 | ___isI prakAra, eka anya vArtA-prasaMga se vidita hotA hai ki "puNNAsavakahA" nAmaka eka apabhraMza-kRti kI parisamApti para usake AzrayadAtA sAdhAraNa sAhU ko jaba vIradAsa nAmaka dvitIya putraratna kI prApti huI, taba bar3I prasannatA ke sAtha sAdhAraNa sAhU ne mahAkavi raidhU evaM unakI kRti "puNNAsavakahA" ko cauhAnavaMzI nareza pratAparudra ke rAjyakAla meM candravADapaTTana meM hAthI kI savArI dekara sammAnita kiyA thA 104 | jaina-sAhitya tathA jaina-pANDulipiyoM ke lekhana meM kAyastha-vidvAnoM kA yogadAna jaina-sAhitya ke vikAsa meM jainetara vidvAnoM kA bhI kama yogadAna nahIM rhaa| pANDulipiyoM ke pratilekhana-kArya meM aneka kAyastha vidvAnoM ke nAma upalabdha hote haiN| madhyakAlIna bhaTTArakoM ke ve bar3e vizvasta-pAtra the kyoMki eka to unakI hastalipi sundara hotI thI aura ve yathAnirdezAnusAra kalAtmaka DhaMga se ekarUpatA ke sAtha pratilekhana-kArya kiyA karate the| dUsarI ora pratibhA-sampanna rahane ke kAraNa ve kAvya-praNayana bhI kiyA karate the| mahAkavi raidhU ke guru bhaTTAraka yazaHkIrti ke sAnnidhya meM rahakara kArya karane vAle paM. thalu kAyastha kA nAma vizeSa Adara ke sAtha liyA jAtA hai| bhaTTAraka yazaHkIrti ke nirdezAnusAra paM. thalu kAyastha ne gopAcala (gvAliyara) meM rahakara apabhraMza bhASAtmaka sukumAlacariu (paM. vibudha zrIdhara kRta) tathA bhaviSyadattacarita (saMskRta) kA pratilipi-kArya kiyA thaa| ___eka dUsare kAyastha paM. padmanAbha kAyastha the, jo saMskRta ke acche kavi the tathA jinhoMne 6 sargoM vAle 1461 zlokoM meM yazodharacarita-aparanAma dayAsundara-kAvya kI racanA kI thii| yaha grantha abhI taka aprakAzita hai tathA jaina siddhAnta bhavana, ArA (bihAra) meM usakI pANDulipi surakSita hai| yaha grantha bhaTTAraka guNakIrti ke Adeza se tomaravaMzI rAjA vIramadeva ke mahAmantrI kuzarAja jaina ke nimitta likhA gayA thaa| 103. sammataguNa. 6/34 104. puNNAsavakahA (antya prazastiH)

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 75 inake pUrva bhI kAyastha-kulotpanna mahAkavi haricanda (8vIM sadI) hue the, jinhoMne tIrthaMkara dharmanAtha ke mahanIya vyaktitva evaM kRtitva para dharmazarmAbhyudaya mahAkAvya kI AlaMkArika racanA kI thI, jise paM.ke.bI.pAThaka jaise saMskRta ke aneka mahArathI vidvAnoM ne mahAkavi kAlidAsa ke mahAkAvyoM ke samakakSa ghoSita kiyA thaa| eka madhyakAlIna pANDulipi se yaha bhI jAnakArI milatI hai ki jodhapura (rAjasthAna) ke kher3Agar3ha ke pAsa eka jaina mandira ke bhUmigRha meM jinabhadrasUri kI eka pASANamUrti sthApita hai, jise ukezavaMzI kAyastha kula vAle kisI zrAvaka ne vi.saM. 1518 meM banavAI thI 105 | vyaktiyoM ke nAma rakhane kI manoraMjaka ghaTanA apabhraMza-kAvya prazastiyoM meM vyaktiyoM ke nAma rakhane sambandhI kucha manoraMjaka udAharaNa bhI milate haiN| "mehesaracariu" nAmaka eka (aprakAzita) caritakAvya ke preraka evaM AzrayadAtA sAhU NemadAsa ke paricaya-prasaMga meM kahA gayA hai ki usake putra RSirAma ko usa samaya putraratna kI upalabdhi huI thI, jisa samaya vaha paMcakalyANaka-pratiSThA ke krama meM jina-pratimA para tilaka arpita kara rahA thaa| isI upalakSya meM usa navajAta zizu kA nAma bhI usane "tilakU" athavA "tilakacandra" rakha diyA thA 106 | pANDulipiyoM ke pratilipi-kArya kA mahatva 15vIM-16vIM sadI kI pANDulipiyoM kI prazastiyoM ko dekhakara yaha pratIta hotA hai ki samAja ke netAoM evaM kaviyoM ko yaha cintA rahA karatI thI ki pichalI sadiyoM meM deza-videza ke IrSyAluoM ke dvArA jinavANI kI jo apUrva kSati huI hai, use kaise pUrNa kiyA jAe ? yahI kAraNa hai ki usa samaya ke bhaTTArakagaNa svayaM to sAhitya-praNayana karate hI rahe, lekhakoM ko Azraya dekara unheM prazikSita evaM prerita kara unake dvArA bhI granthoM kA praNayana tathA pratilipi-kArya karAte rahate the| uttara-bhArata meM yaha paramparA aneka sthAnoM para milatI hai| jaisA ki pUrva meM likhA jA cukA hai, mahAkavi puSpadanta ne mahApurANa kI prazasti meM spaSTa kahA hai ki "bharata evaM nanna ke rAjamahala meM sAhityakAroM ke sAtha-sAtha pratilipikAra bhI pratilipiyoM kA lekhana-kArya karate rahate hai 107 / mahAkavi raidhU ne grantha-praNetA evaM grantha ke pratilipika ko samakakSa sthAna diyA hai| unhoMne apanI eka kRti meM grantha-pratilipi ke nimitta Arthika anudAna dene kI pravRtti ko tyAga-dharma evaM zAstradAna ke antargata mAnA hai 108 | 105. bhAvanagara (gujarAta) ke prAcIna lekha saMgraha pra.bhA. (san 1885) pR. 71 106. mehesaracariu (apabhraMza-mahAkAvya, adyAvadhi aprakAzita) 13/11/13-14 107. mahApurANa - sandhi 21 kI puSpikA 108. "dhaNNakumAracariu" (jIvarAja granthamAlA zolApura se prakAzita) 2/7

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76 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha pANDulipiyoM kA durbhAgya __hamAre vidyAguru tathA SaTkhaNDAgama zAstra kI dhavalA-TIkA ke uddhAraka aura usake prathama sampAdaka pro. DaoN. hIrAlAla jI kahA karate the ki hama jaba bhI, jahA~ bhI jAveM, vahA~ ke jaina-mandiroM ke darzana kara vahA~ kI parikramA avazya kiyA kareM, kyoMki vahA~ prAyaH hI jinavANI kI prAcIna jIrNa-zIrNa pANDulipiyA~, Adhe yA pUre boroM meM bharakara unheM jala-samAdhi dene ke nimitta rakhI rahatI haiN| samAja ke loga yaha nahIM samajhate ki prAcInAcAryoM kI kaThora-sAdhanA evaM parizrama se likhita ve purAnI pothiyA~ yA pANDulipiyA~ hI jaina samAja kI asalI dharohara haiM, kyoMki unameM hamAre itihAsa evaM saMskRti tathA Agama-siddhAnta, AcAra tathA adhyAtma sabhI kucha varNita rahate haiN| ukta DaoN. sAhaba jaba amarAvatI (vidarbha) meM prophesara the, tabhI ve eka gA~va meM ge| vahA~ ke jaina-mandira ke darzana kie aura parikramA karate samaya unhoMne vahA~ eka bore se jhA~kate hue sundara lipi vAle kucha phaTe-purAne pannoM ko dekhaa| eka panne ko jaba dhyAna se par3hA, to vaha jaina rahasyavAdI-kAvya se sambandhita pRSTha niklaa| unhoMne jijJAsAvaza pUrA borA vahIM ur3ela diyA, to usameM se tur3e-mur3e pUre grantha ke panne hI mila ge| vaha grantha muni rAmasiMha kRta apabhraMza-bhASA meM likhita "pAhuDadohA" thA, jisakA unhoMne bAda meM sampAdana-anuvAda kiyA aura jise kAraMjA (akolA) kI jinavANI-bhakta jaina-samAja ne prakAzita kiyaa| usake tulanAtmaka adhyayana se vidita huA ki santa kabIra kA rahasyavAda ukta grantha se prabhAvita thaa| vartamAna meM yaha grantha aneka vizva-vidyAlayoM meM pAThyagrantha ke rUpa meM svIkRta hai| na jAne hamAre kitane aitihAsika mahatva ke grantharatna hamArI hI asAvadhAnI tathA hamAre hI ajJAna ke kAraNa dImaka-cUhoM ke bhojana bana ge| kitane zAstroM ko jalAkara videzI AkrAntAoM ne bhojana pkaayaa| videzI loga kitane-kitane grantha yahA~ se uThAkara le gae ? yaha maiM pahale hI kaha cukA hU~ ki bhArata sarakAra ke Agraha para pro.DaoN.vI.rAghavan ne eka bAra videzoM meM surakSita pANDulipiyoM kA sarvekSaNa kiyA thA aura apanI riporTa meM likhA thA ki bhArata kI tADapatrIya evaM kargalIya lagabhaga 50000 se Upara hastalikhita durlabha aprakAzita pANDulipiyA~ videzoM meM le jAI gaI haiM, jinameM se akele barlina meM hI lagabhaga 35000 jaina evaM jainetara pANDulipiyA~ surakSita haiN| __san 1674-75 ke vIra nirvANa bhAratI puraskAra-sammAna grahaNa karane ke bAda jaba maiM pUjya muni zrI vidyAnanda jI kI sevA meM jainabAlAzrama dariyAgaMja, dillI meM baiThA thA, usI samaya pro.DaoN.e.ena.upAdhye, jarmanI ke prasiddha vidvAna DaoN.AlsaDorpha ko apane sAtha meM lekara aaye| AlsaDorpha ko digambara jaina sAdhu ke sAkSAt darzana karane kI tIvra icchA thii| DaoN. upAdhye ne unakA paricaya A. vidyAnandajI ko dete hue batalAyA ki DaoN. AlsaDorpha ke pitAmaha evaM pitA jaina-sAhitya para kArya karate rahe aura inhoMne svayaM bhI sArA jIvana jaina-sAhitya kI sevA meM vyatIta kara diyA hai| AcArya baTTakera kRta

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 77 mUlAcAra kI prAcInatama mUla pANDulipi inake (AlsaDorpha ke) pAsa surakSita hai| ye usI para zodha-kArya kara rahe haiN| munizrI tathA upAdhye jI ko isa bAta kA bar3A duHkha bhI huA ki mUla pANDulipi hamAre bIca na rahakara, vaha sAta samudra pAra calI gii| kintu unhoMne yaha bhI kahA ki "vaha hamAre pAsa nahIM hai, usakA hameM duHkha avazya hai kintu yadi vaha bhArata meM rahatI, to zAyada hI loga use itanI surakSA pradAna kara pAte, jitanI surakSA use jarmanI meM mila rahI hai| lagabhaga 20-25 varSa pUrva mujhe perisa (phrAMsa) se eka pArsala milA thaa| maiM Azcarya cakita raha gayA ki perisa meM aisA kauna sA sahRdaya vyakti hai, jo mujhe jAnatA hai, aura jisane yaha upahAra bhejA hai ? use kholakara dekhA, to usameM se nikalI mahAkavi raidhU kRta apabhraMza ke "zrIpAlacaritakAvya" kI perisa meM surakSita pANDulipi kI sundara phoTo prati, jisakI maiM eka lambe arase se khoja kara rahA thaa| preSikA perisa kI eka mahilA-prophesara balabIra thii| bAta yaha thI ki san 1664-65 meM raidhU sambandhI merA koI lekha, jisameM ki maiMne raidhU kRta apabhraMza ke zrIpAlacarita ko anupalabdha ghoSita kara diyA thA, vaha tathA mere dvArA sampAdita prakAzita raidhU kRta aNathamiukahA kI eka prati kisI prakAra usa prophesara mahilA ke hAtha laga gaI hogI, isI laghu-pustikA tathA mere lekha ne use bahuta prabhAvita kiyA aura usake AdhAra para usane svayaM kucha lekha bhI likhe| ina sabhI sUcanAoM ke sAtha usane zrIpAlacarita kI ukta phoTo-kApI (jisakI pANDulipi perisa ke zAstra-bhaNDAra meM surakSita thI) mujhe bhejI aura ArA (bihAra) Akara usane mujhase bheMTa karane kI abhilASA bhI vyakta kI thii| Aja hama kahate haiM ki hamArA "gandhahastimahAbhASya" nAmakA grantha kho gayA hai| apabhraMza-granthoM kI prazastiyoM meM ullikhita saikar3oM kavi aura unake dvArA viracita hajAroM granthoM ke na milane se hama loga sahaja hI kaha dete haiM ki ve naSTa ho ge| bahuta sambhava hai ki samaya ke phera se tathA hamArI asAvadhAnI se kucha grantha naSTa bhI ho cuke hoM, kintu mujhe vizvAsa hai ki adhikAMza grantha naSTa nahIM hue hoNge| jaisA ki maiM pUrva meM kaha cukA hU~ kucha grantha videzoM meM vizeSakara jarmanI, phrAMsa, briTena, amerikA, rUsa, cIna, jApAna, tibbata, maMgoliyA, nepAla, misra, IrAna tathA dakSiNa evaM madhya eziyAI dezoM meM surakSita hoMge, unakI khoja karanA Avazyaka hai| vartamAna meM hamAre samAja ke aneka zrImanta, dhImanta evaM bhaTTArakagaNa ghanI-ghanI videzayAtrAe~ kara rahe haiN| yadi ve apane bhramaNa-kAryakramoM meM se eka kAryakrama videzoM meM saMgrahIta jaina-pANDulipiyoM kA patA lagAkara unakA vivaraNa bhI samAja ko lAkara dete raheM, to vaha jinavANI kI bar3I bhArI sevA mAnI jaayegii| ___ hamAre yahA~ hI deza ke kone-kone meM jaina-mandiroM evaM vyaktigata saMgrahAlayoM meM agaNita jaina pANDulipiyA~ surakSita haiM, jinakA pUrA lekhA-jokhA abhI taka nahIM ho pAyA hai| kyA hI acchA ho ki prakAzita evaM upalabdha granthoM ko bAra-bAra prakAzita karate rahane kI apekSA aprakAzita granthoM kI khoja, sUcIkaraNa, surakSA tathA Adhunika vaijJAnika paddhati

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78 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha se unakA sampAdana, hindI, aMgrejI tathA anya deza-videza kI bhASAoM meM anuvAda tathA mUlyAMkana ke sAtha prakAzita kI jAveM tathA lAgata mUlya para unakI bikrI kI jAe, to jinavANI kI surakSA evaM pracAra-prasAra to hogA hI, unheM vizvavidyAlaya stara ke pAThya-granthoM ke rUpa meM bhI svIkRta karAyA jA skegaa| videzoM meM jaina-sAhitya kI bar3hatI huI mA~ga kI pUrti bhI isa mAdhyama se ho skegii| pANDulipiyoM ke lekhakoM dvArA dI gaI cetAvaniyA~ tathA unakI vinamra prArthanAe~ . pANDulipiyoM ke lekhakoM ke sAmane aneka prakAra kI samasyAe~ rahatI thiiN| jaise-durlabha rahane vAlI lekhanopakaraNa-sAmagriyoM ko upalabdha karanA, prakAza kI paryApta vyavasthA, ekAnta, suzAnta-vAtAvaraNa, pArivArika bharaNa-poSaNa kI santoSajanaka vyavasthA tathA pANDulipiyoM kI dImakoM, cUhoM athavA mausamI kuprabhAvoM se unakI surakSA ke sAdhanoM Adi kI sulabhatA Adi, jisase ve manoyoga pUrvaka pratilipi-lekhana kArya kara skeN| yaha viSaya arthArjana kI manovRtti se nahIM balki jinavANI kI surakSA kI bhAvanA se kiyA jAtA thaa| yaha kArya nizcaya hI dhairyasAdhya, vyayasAdhya evaM kaSTasAdhya hotA thaa| jisa viSaya kI pANDulipi kA ve pratilipi-kArya karate the, usa viSaya, usa bhASA, usakI lipi evaM usake vyAkaraNa kA bhI unheM paryApta jJAna kI AvazyakatA rahatI thI, tabhI pratilipi-kArya prAmANika bhI ho pAtA thaa| isa kArya meM satyaniSThA, zraddhA-bhAvanA tathA samarpaNa-bhAva kI bhI anivAryatA rahatI thI, tabhI vaha kArya saphala bhI ho pAtA thaa| pratilipi-kArya-samApti ke bAda unheM usase aisI mamatA ho jAtI thI ki usakI surakSA ke nimitta ve apane pAThakoM ko nirantara hI cetAvanI dete athavA vinamra prArthanA karate hue kahA karate the bhagnapRSThikaTigrIvA bhagnadRSTiradhomukhaH / kaSTena likhitaM zAstraM yatnena paripAlayet / / 1 / / arthAt isa pANDulipi ke pratilipikaraNa meM merI pITha, kamara evaM gardana TUTa gaI hai, jhukakara tathA nIcA mukha kiye rahane ke kAraNa merI dRSTi meM doSa utpanna ho gaye haiM aura A~kheM patharA gaI haiN| kaSTa-pUrvaka yaha zAstra likha pAyA huuN| ataH he pAThakagaNa, isakI prayatna pUrvaka surakSA karate rahiyegA, yahI merI vinamra prArthanA hai| tathA tailAd rakSet jalAd rakSet rakSet zithila bandhanAt / parahaste na dAtavyo evaM vadati pustikA / / 2 / / arthAt he bhAI, kaSTa pUrvaka likhI gayI isa pANDulipi kI taila evaM jala se rakSA karate rhnaa| ise DhIlA-DhAlA bhI mata bA~dhanA aura dUsare asAvadhAna yA avivekIjanoM ke hAthoM meM bhI ise mata denaa| basa, isa pratilipi (tathA isa pratilipikAra) kA Apase yahI vinamra nivedana hai| kyoMki lekhanI-pustikA-dArA parahaste gatA gtaa| kadAcid punarAyAtA laSTA bhRSTA ca cumbitA / / 3 / /

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 76 arthAt he bhAI, ye tIna vastue~ anyanta mahatvapUrNa hai- lekhanI, pustikA evaM dArA / yadi ye dUsaroM ke hAthoM meM calI gaI, to phira unake vApisa hone kI koI sambhAvanA nahIM / yadi vApisa lauTa kara AtI bhI haiM, to laSTa paSTa (luMja-puMja) bhRSTa evaM cumbita hokara hI / ataH ina tInoM ko to parAe hAthoM meM denA hI nahIM cAhie / yaha to pIche kahA hI jA cukA hai ki pratilipikAra nirantara hI satyaniSTha rahate the / ataH ve apanI pratilipi ke anta meM anajAne meM hone vAlI bhUla-cUka kI bhI satyamana kSamA-yAcanA kara lete the / yathA yAdRzaM pustake dRSTaM tAdRzaM likhitaM mayA / yadi zuddhamazuddhaM vA mama doSo na dIyate / / 4 / / arthAt mUla pustaka meM maiMne jaisA jaisA zuddha yA azuddha pATha dekhA-par3hA, vaisA hI maiMne bhI likha diyA hai| yadi anajAne meM azuddha likhA gayA ho, to mujhe Apa loga koI doSa mata dIjiyegA aura bhI adRSTadoSAn mativibhramAdvA yadarthahInaM likhitaM mayA'tra / tatsarvamAryaiH parizodhanIyaM kopaM na kuryAt khalu lekhakasya / / 5 / / arthAt anajAne meM athavA mati ke vibhrama ke kAraNa maiMne yadi isa pANDulipi meM kucha arthahIna pada-vAkya likha diye hoM, to he Aryajana, unakA Apa saMzodhana kara lIjiyegA / mujha matihIna pratilipikAra - lekhaka para krodhita mata hoiyegA | pANDulipiyoM kI surakSA kaise kI jAe ? jaisA ki pUrva meM likhA jA cukA hai, kAla ke duSprabhAva se sahasroM kI saMkhyA meM hamArI pANDulipiyA~ pahale hI naSTa-bhraSTa ho gaI yA videzoM meM le jAI gaI / ataH unakI to aba smRti hI zeSa raha gaI hai| gandhahasti- mahAbhASya jaise aneka mahanIya grantha bhI sambhavataH usI capeTa meM Akara hamArI dRSTi se ojhala hote gae haiN| aba vicAra yaha karanA hai ki rAjasthAna, gujarAta, mahArASTra, karnATaka, kerala, tamilanADu, harayANA, bundelakhaNDa, dillI, ArA, kAraMjA evaM kalakattA Adi ke zAstra-bhaNDAroM tathA bhArata ke kone-kone meM vyApta prAcIna jaina mandiroM tathA kucha vyaktigata saMgrahAlayoM meM surakSita pANDulipiyoM kI surakSA kaise ho tathA unameM antarnihita jJAna-nidhi se sabhI loga kaise lAbhAnvita hoM ? hamArI dRSTi se usake lie kucha upAya isa prakAra kiye jA sakate haiM 1. akhila bhAratIya stara ke sarva-sammata saMvidhAna ke antargata eka aisI kendriya samiti kA gaThana kiyA jAya, jisake nirdezana meM kucha vizeSajJa vidvAn bhArata-bhramaNa kara prAcya zAstra bhaNDAroM tathA prAcIna jaina mandiroM evaM anyatra surakSita pANDulipiyoM tathA unakI surakSA-praNAlI kA adhyayana kareM aura apane sujhAva deM ki sabhI zAstra bhaNDAroM kI kyA-kyA samasyAe~ haiM aura unameM surakSita pANDulipiyoM kI upayogitA adhika se adhika kaise bar3hAI jA sakatI hai|

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jaina - pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 2. kendriya samiti eka aisA dhauvya phaNDa taiyAra kare, jisase yatra-tatra avyavasthita rUpa meM par3I huI pANDulipiyoM kA yogya vizeSajJoM dvArA sUcIkaraNa evaM mUlyAMkana karAyA jA ske| 3. to yadi Avazyaka ho to kendriya samiti dvArA Arthika dRSTi se vipanna kintu mahatvapUrNa do-tIna samIpavartI zAstrabhaNDAroM ko milAkara eka suvidhA sampanna sthAna para sthApita kara diyA jAe tathA use atyAdhunika vaijJAnika upakaraNa jaise eksahAsTa paMkhe, phAyaraprUpha almAriyA~, pANDulipiyoM ke kAgajoM kA sthAyIkaraNa tathA kamaroM ko vAtAnukUlita rakhane ke upakaraNa Adi pradAna kraae| 4. abhI taka yaha dekhA gayA hai ki jo bhI sUcIpatra taiyAra kie gae haiM, unameM pANDulipiyoM ke vivaraNa prastuta karane kI paddhati meM ekarUpatA nahIM hai, kahIM-kahIM unakA mUlyAMkana bhI vaijJAnika-paddhati se nahIM ho pAyA hai| isase zodhArthiyoM ko unakA pUrA lAbha nahIM mila pAtA / ataH eka nizcita yojanA ke antargata prAthamikatA ke AdhAra para pANDulipiyoM kA viSaya-vargIkaraNa tathA mUlyAMkana kara unake vidhivat prakAzana kI vyavasthA karAI jAe / 5. pANDulipiyoM kI surakSA ke lie vartamAna kI asta-vyasta paristhitiyoM, tathA unase bhaviSya meM kucha aniSToM kI parikalpanA karate hue yaha anivArya sA ho gayA hai ki samAja adhika se adhika jAgarUka bane tathA svAyattatA evaM ekAdhikArI bane rahane kI saMkIrNa manovRtti se Upara uThakara jinavANI ke hita meM usakI aisI vyavasthA kareM ki abhI jitanI bhI pANDulipiyA~ upalabdha haiM, unameM se prAthamikatA ke AdhAra para sabhI kI mAikrophilmiMga karAkara deza ke hara pramukha zAstra bhaNDAra meM unakI 1- 1 prati surakSita karA dI jAyeM, jisase ki kisI eka sthAna kI pANDulipi ke guma ho jAne athavA naSTa-bhraSTa hone para vaha dUsare zAstra bhaNDAra se upalabdha ho sake, jaisA ki madhyakAla meM karnATaka kI yazasvinI mahilA attimavve ne tathA SaTkhaNDAgama kI dhavalA Adi TIkAoM ke nAgarI lipyantaraNa ko unake prakAzana ke pUrva deza ke pramukha prAcya zAstrAgAroM meM surakSA kI dRSTi se bheja diyA gayA thA / 6. kendriya samiti yaha prayatna kare ki vizvavidyAlayoM meM saMskRta, prAkRta evaM hindI ke snAtakottara pAThyakramoM meM yA to pATha-sampAdana aura pAThAlocana sambandhI snAtakottara vibhAgoM kI sthApanA karAve athavA unameM philahAla 200-200 aMkoM kA eka grUpa aisA rahe, jisameM saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, kannar3a, tamila evaM hindI kI jaina pANDulipiyoM ke adhyayana evaM pAThAlocana ke adhyayana-adhyApana kI vyavasthA rhe| aise chAtroM ko chAtravRtti kI vyavasthA bhI kI jAye / sarvocca aMka prApta karane vAle chAtra-chAtrAoM ke utsAhavardhana ke lie kendriya samiti svarNapadaka pradAna karane kI bhI vyavasthA kreN| I 7. yadi koI chAtra-chAtrA kisI pANDulipi kA ema. e. stara kA laghu zodha prabandha (Dissertation) taiyAra karanA cAhe to usake lie vizeSa zodha chAtravRtti kI vyavasthA kI jaae| jo chAtra-chAtrA pI.eca.DI. evaM DI. liT stara kI upAdhi ke lie kisI vizva vidyAlaya

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 81 se kisI aprakAzita jaina - pANDulipi kA sampAdana, anuvAda evaM samIkSA karanA cAhe, to use AkarSaka zodha-chAtravRtti kI vyavasthA kI jAe / kendriya samiti svayaM bhI eka zodha saMsthAna kI sthApanA kareM, jo kisI vizvavidyAlaya se mAnyatA prApta ho, jisameM vividha staroM kI pANDulipiyoM ke adhyayana, adhyApana evaM zodha kI saiddhAntika evaM prAyogika vyavasthA ho / rajisTarDa rahane se usake lie prAntIya tathA kendriya sarakAroM se bhI Arthika sahAyatA mila skegii| 1 8. rajisTarDa hone ke kAraNa ukta saMsthAna ko yU.jI.sI. se vividha yojanAoM ke lie utsAhavardhaka Arthika anudAna bhI mila sakegA / yaha taya hai ki ukta kArya atyanta vyaya - sAdhya, dhairya-sAdhya evaM samaya-sAdhya hai tathA use koI eka saMsthA yA vyakti pUrA nahIM kara sktaa| yaha kArya to sabhI ke sammilita sahayoga se hI saphala ho sakatA hai| kintu hamArA jaina samAja eka susaMskRta, puruSArthI evaM samRddha samAja hai| vaha prativarSa nae-nae mandira banAne, mUrti pratiSThA karA tathA gajaratha calAne meM lAkhoM lAkha rupae kharca karatI hai| pratyeka nagara evaM grAma kA jaina samAja yadi prati do varSoM meM eka-eka pANDulipi ke prakAzana kA jimmA le le, athavA gajaratha, mandira nirmANa evaM vedI pratiSThA karAne vAle apane-apane bajaTa meM se 1-1 pANDulipi ke prakAzana kI bhI usI kharca meM se guMjAiza nikAla leM, to jinavANI ke uddhAra meM kAphI sahAyatA mila sakatI hai aura hama apanI parama ArAdhya jinavANI kI jIrNa-kSIrNa pANDulipiyoM kI kucha surakSA kara sakate haiN| yaha bhI paramAvazyaka hai ki samAja meM pratidina svAdhyAya karane kI pravRtti bar3he, apane-apane gharoM meM jaina-granthoM ko kharIdakara choTA sA granthAgAra banAyeM tathA zAdI-vivAha * para tathA anya avasaroM para bartanoM evaM miThAIyoM ke badale jaina granthoM ko bheMTa svarUpa deM to usase prakAzakoM, lekhakoM tathA sampAdakoM kA bhI utsAhavardhana hogaa| isa prakAra yaha pravRtti bhI jinavANI ke uddhAra evaM pracAra-prasAra meM sahAyaka siddha hogI / pANDulipiyoM kI khoja jitanI kaThina hai, usase bhI adhika kaThina hai unakA prakAzana prAcIna pANDulipiyoM kI khoja jitanI kaThina hai, usase adhika kaThina hai unakA pratilipi-kArya aura usase bhI dviguNita kaThina kArya hai usakA adhyayana, sampAdana, anuvAda evaM tulanAtmaka samIkSA - kArya aura usake prakAzakoM kI khoja to atyanta durUha hI / pANDulipiyoM para kArya karane ke liye ina saba kaThinAiyoM se jUjhanA par3atA hai| pANDulipiyoM ke saMzodhana kArya meM ekAgratA evaM ekarasatA kI anivAryatA hai / 4-5 ghaNTe kI eka lambI ekAgra baiThaka ke binA kucha bhI kArya Age nahIM bar3ha sakatA / pANDulipi-sambandhI kAryoM meM saMlagna vyakti prAyaH asAmAjikoM kI koTi meM Ane lAyaka bana jAtA hai| isa dizA meM kArya karane vAle prAtaH smaraNIya muni puNyavijayajI, muni kalyANa vijayajI, muni jinavijaya jI, paM. nAthUrAma premI, paM. jugalakizora mukhtAra, pro. DaoN. hIrAlAla jI, pro. DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye, paM. phUlacandra jI si.zA. paM. kailAzacandra jI,

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82 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha paM. mahendrakumAra jI, paM. hIrAlAla jI zAstrI, paM. lAlabahAdura jI zAstrI, sAhityAcArya paM.pannAlAla jI, paM.paramAnanda jI, DaoN. devendra kumAra jaina, DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI, paM. sundaralAlajI, paM. darabArI lAla koThiyA, DaoN.kastUracandra jI kAzalIvAla, DaoN. rAjArAma jaina, DaoN. devendra zAstrI, DaoN.vidyAvatI jaina Adi jinavANI-samarpita vidvAnoM ne ekarasa hokara sAdhanAbhAvoM meM bhI jo zAzvata-mUlya ke kArya kiye, unase jinavANI evaM samAja kI pratiSThA zikharAgronmukha huI hai| bhale hI unheM Aja jaise puraskAra nahIM mile, prazasti-patra nahIM mile, phira bhI unhoMne unakI paravAha kiye binA hI nirapekSa-bhAva se jo nirupama-kArya kiye aura usase unheM jo sthAyI Atmasukha, dhavalayaza evaM kIrti milI, vahI unake liye sarvazreSTha puraskAra haiN| zAzvata-koTi ke unake zramasAdhya zodha-kArya agalI pIr3hI ke liye prakAza-stambha banakara mArga-darzana karate raheMge, isameM saMdeha nhiiN| sarasvatI-putra kI zatAbdI varSa kI puNya-smRti meM - zraddheya pUjya paM.phUlacandra jI siddhAnta-zAstrI kA yaha zatAbdI-varSa hai| isa pAvana-prasaMga para unakA guNAnuvAda karane meM kisa sahRdaya vidvAn ko prasannatA kA anubhava nahIM hogA? ve jJAna ke aise ujjvala dIpaka the, jinhoMne use nirantara prajjvalita banAe rakhane ke liye apanI yuvAvasthA kI samasta UrjA-zakti kI Ahuti de dI thii| svAbhimAna kI surakSA ke liye jiye, bhale hI unhoMne sthAyI naukarI chor3akara parivAra ko bhUkhA rakhanA pasanda kiyA, lekina apamAnita hokara sukha-suvidhAe~ prApta karanA unhoMne kabhI pasanda nahIM kiyaa| unakI yaha manasvitA, unakA yaha svAbhimAna-prema, apabhraMza ke mahAkavi puSpadanta ke svAbhimAnI-jIvana kA barabasa smaraNa karA detA hai| unhoMne jIvana bhara abhAvoM kA jIvana jiyA kintu nirAzA kI rekhAe~ kabhI bhI apane jIvana meM na ubharane dI aura jJAna kA dIpaka nirantara jalAye rakhA / zrI dhavala, jayadhavala tathA mahAdhavala-TIkA jaise ati durUha TIkA-granthoM ke sampAdana-kArya ke atirikta anya darjanoM maulika-grantha usake sAkSAt udAharaNa haiN| aise prAtaH smaraNIya sarasvatIputra kI pAvana-smRti meM unake priya viSaya-prAcya-pANDulipiyoM ke viSaya meM mujhe Aja apane vicAra vyakta karane kA suavasara milA, ise maiM apanA ahobhAgya mAnatA hU~ tathA tadviSayaka apanI yaha bhASaNa-mAlA maiM unhIM kI pAvana-smRti meM sAdara samarpita karatA huuN| san 1656 se maiMne paramAdaraNIya pro.DaoN.vAsudevazaraNa jI agravAla, paM.hajArIprasAda jI dvivedI, paM.baladeva upAdhyAya, paM.dalasukha mAlavaNiyA, paM.phUlacandra jI si.zA., pro.DaoN. hIrAlAla jI evaM DaoN.e.ena.upAdhye jI kI preraNA se pANDulipiyA~ ke kSetra meM apane kadama rakhe the| prArambha meM to maiMne kaThinAI kA anubhava kiyA kintu bAda meM etadviSayaka ruci bar3hatI gaI aura Aja maiM jo kucha bhI bana sakA, yaha saba unhIM pUjya gurujanoM ke AzIrvAda

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 83 kA prasAda hai| apane adhyayana evaM anubhUta niSkarSoM ko hI maiMne apanI isa bhASaNamAlA meM prastuta kiyA hai| Apa sabhI ne unheM dhyAna pUrvaka sunA, isake lie maiM Apa sabhI kA atyanta AbhArI huuN| - rAjArAma jaina dinAMkaH sitambara 26-30, 2001 zrI gaNeza varNI digambara jaina saMsthAna vArANasI - 221 005

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64 - 8, 26, 70 -47 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha zabdAnukramaNikA aMgalipi (lipi) -12 anekAnta aMgulIyalipi -12 antarikSa (deva lipi) aMbAdevI -56 apabhraMza bhASA akabara (mugala samrATa) - 50, 51 aparagoDAdi lipi akabara nagara aparAjita TIkA akalaMka (AcArya) aparAjitasUri (TIkAkAra) akolA aphagAnistAna (deza) akkharapuTThiyA (lipi) abhayadeva sUri (TIkAkAra) agaru abhinavasAra catuSTaya aggala (kavi) abhimAna cinha ajamera __ - 2 abhimAnameru ajitayaza (tArkika-dArzanika) - 63 amayArAhaNA (gaNi aMbasenakRta) ajitasena muni __- 30, 34 amarakIrti (kavi) arjunadeva (rAjA) - 42 amarAvatI ajadi (phArasI) amItA (prAcIna kaliMga aDyAralAibrerI kI rAjakumArI) aNaMgacariu (apabhraMza-kAvya) amRta (senApati) aNathamiukahA amerikA __ - 61, 77 aNupehA amoghavarSa (rASTrakUTa vaMzI atisukhavAdanika (samAja samrATa) - 36, 37, 38, 40 ___ kalyANa padAdhikArI) - 27 ammaiya (karnATaka kA attimavve (eka Adarza / pratiSThita nAgarika) - 72 kannar3a mahilA) - 26, 33, 80 ambeDakara (bAbAsAhiba adhyAhAriNI lipi - 13 bhImarAva DaoN.) anaMgapAla (dillI kA tomara rAjA) 42, 43 arabI (bhASA) - 12. anahilavAr3a (nagara) - 41 areya mareya nAmaka seTha animittI lipi - 12 ardhamAgadhI - 11 anudrutalipi - 12 alaberunI (videzI paryaTaka) - 66 anurAga (kavi) allAlAhi (phArasI) anurAdhApura avarivAje-anya dUsare - 55 (siMghala deza kA eka nagara) - 18 avinIta (gaMga-nareza) - 32, 37 anuloma lipi __ - 12 azoka (maurya samrATa) - 2, 10, 35, - 3 - 33 ayodhyA (nagara)

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___ - 54 - 43 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha aSTapAhuDa - 63 AryamaMkhu aSTApada (kailAza parvata) - 68, 66 / / AyAta-niryAta - 40 asalI hIrA - 40 AramAika-lipi - 10 Asika (mahArASTra kA eka ArA - 60, 67, 74, 77 prAcIna deza) - 20, 27 ArAdhanA grantha (AcArya asura lipi zivakoTi kRta) - 62 astArAM (phArasI) = nakSatra - 57 Alama zAha (kAlapI kA zAsaka)- 46 astrAkhAna (rUsa kA eka nagara) - 62 AlsaDorpha (DaoN.) -76 ahaMgayAla (prAcyakAlIna vismRta Avazyaka niyukti bhASya eka nagara) -66 AhU (phArasI) = kRSNasAra - 52, 57 ahamadAbAda - 46, 60 iMdranaMdi (zrutAvatAra nAmaka / Aine akabarI (abula phajalakRta __graMtha ke lekhaka) phArasI graMtha) - 50 ikSvAkuvaMzI Akita (phArasI) = kuzala iTalI (deza) AgamavANI - 26 iNDiyA oNphisa lAibrerI (landana)- 61 AgarA indra (pratiSThita kannar3a nAgarika) - 72 AcaNNa (kannaDa kavi) - 26 indraprastha (dillI) AcaladevI (kannaDa mahArAnI) - 34 ibrAhIma zAha (zAsaka) AcArapradIpa (luptagraMtha) 63 ilAhAbAda AdaMsalivi (lipi) IMTa (lekhanopakaraNa-sAmagrI) Adatanu (phArasI) = sahAyatA Ikha Aditya (vardhamAna purANa IrAna (deza) (anupalabdha) kA praNetA) - 63 IbrAhima (phArasI) = brahma AdityasahasranAma (stotra) Izvara camUpati (karnATaka AdinAtha (tIrthaMkara) - 22, kA eka senApati) AdinAtha (maMdira) - 44, 73 IhaM (phArasI) = yaha, maiM Adipampa (kannaDa kavi) - 26, 30 / ukezavaMzI AdipurANa - 30, 38 ugrAditya (kalyANakAraka nAmaka Ayurveda AnimAni (phArasI) hamArI prArthanA- 54 grantha kA lekhaka)- 26, 34, 38, 60 Andhra (pradeza) - 66 uccakappa (ucchakalpa vartamAna U~ceharA AmerazAstra bhaMDAra (jayapura) - 60 jahA~ parivrAjakoM kA sAmrAjya thA) - 66 Ayapraznatilaka (jyotiSa graMtha) - 45 uccatariAlipi Aya-sadabhAva (jyotiSa ujjaina kA eka lupta grandha) - 45 utkSepAvarta lipi AryAvarta - 16 uttarakurudvIpa lipi . - 75

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86 - 35 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha uttarapurANa (guNabhadrakRta) - 38 kacchapI (tAr3apatrIya pANDulipi / uttara pradeza - 16, 66 kA eka prakAra) -6 udayagiri (kaliMga kI aitihAsika kaTavapra-zravaNabelagola pahAr3I) - 10, 17, 68, 66 (karnATaka) - 14, 17 udayadeva paNDita (aparanAma niruvadya ka tAnu (phArasI) = matkuNa - 57 paNDita) kadamba (vaMza) - 31, 34 udayasamudragaNi (graMthakAra) - 50 kanArilipi (kannar3a lipi) - 12 udu (phArasI) = agaru karnATaka -28, 26, urdU (bhASA) kaniMghama (purAvida) urdhvAntarita (lipi) kantI (kannar3a kaviyatrI) - upAsakAcAra kannar3a lipi umAsvAmI (AcArya) kannar3a sAhitya - 27, 28 uragapura (tricarApallI) -24, 36 kapar3A (prAcIna lekhanopakaraNaugra lipi sAmagrI) -2 ugrAditya AcArya kabIra (santa kavi) - 67. 76 ulAta (phArasI) = deza -58 kamalakIrti (bhaTTAraka) - usturU (phArasI) = U~Ta kamalanava (kannar3a kavi) - Urdhvadhanulipi kamalasiMha (saMghapati evaM UrvI (lipi) maMtrI) -44, 71, 72, 74 UyAjaku (phArasI) = gRhagodhikA - 53 kammahalakhiNa-samrATa khAravela Rgveda -22 ___ kAlIna kAryavAhaka-padAdhikArI - 27 RSabha (tIrthaMkara) kambikA (tAr3apatrIya pothI kA RSabhastotra -46, 50, 51, eka prakAra) RSitapastapralipi - 13 ___ karakaMDu cariu RSirAma (sAhU namidAsa kA putra) - 75 kargalIya (kAgaja para likhita) - ekkoTi jinAlaya - 33 / / karNapArya (kannar3a kavi) - 26 etheMsa (yUnAna kI rAjadhAnI) -4 karnATaka kavi carite - 2, 16, 21, 22, e. ena. upAdhye (pro.DaoN.) - 76, 81 23, 26, 30, 31 esa.ema.kAtre karpUra - 58 aicirala (karnATaka kA senApati) - 31 / / kalakattA - 64, 76 aihole (suprasiddha tIrtha nagara) - 35 kalApa, kalApaka (kAtantrakakkuka (ghaTyAlA, jodhapura vyAkaraNa) - 64, 66 kA zAsaka) - 35, 36 kaliMga-jina - 17, 16, 20, 21, 24 kagaMDaka durga - 66 kaliMga (lipi) kachavAhA (rAjavaMza) - 47 kalki (rAjA) - 12 - 21, 22, 54

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha - 16, 45 kalpadruma pUjA - 25 kalpasUtra kalyANakAraka (ugrAdityakRta Ayurvedika graMtha) -60 kavirAjamArga (kannar3a kA lANagraMtha) kasAyapAhuDa - 15, 45 kastUracandra kAsalIvAla (DaoN.) - 82 kastUrI 58 kAMgaDA kA~cI - 13 -66 kAjU - 42 - 50 74 kANUra gaNa 31 kAtantra vyAkaraNa - 64, kAtyAyana kAdambarI kAntAra-caryA kAyastha (jAti) kAraMjA - 66, 76, 76 kArtavIrya (rAjA) -33 kArtikeya (svAmI, AcArya)-15, 26, 37 kAlana (zilAhAra senApati) - 33 kAlapI - 46 kAlApaka (vyAkaraNa) kAlidAsa (nAga, DaoN.) kAlidAsa (mahAkavi) - 5, 16, 37, 68, 75 kAvari (phArasI) = prANi vizeSa - 57 kAvya-pizAca (mahAkavi puSpadanta kI upAdhi) - 71 kAvya sudhA-dhArA - 26 kAzagara (aphagAnistAna kA eka sAMskRtika nagara) - 62 kAzI - 41 kAzmIra 65, 68 kASThapatra kASTha paTTikA (pANDulipi sambandhI) - 2 kASThAsaMgha (bhaTTArakIya __paramparA) kaoNsya (prAcyakAlInalekhanopakaraNa-sAmagrI) kA~cI (rAjadhAnI nagara) -27 kinnara-lipi kirAtArjunIyama-mahAkavi bhAravi kRta kIrI (lipi) kIrtideva (kadamba-zAsaka) - 34 kIrtiratna (kavi) - 45 kIrtivarmA (kannar3a kavi) - 26 kIrtistambha (kavi) kIrtisiMha (tomaravaMzI rAjA)- 42, 43 kIrtistambha (rAjA anaMgapAla tomara dvArA dillI meM nirmApita)- 42 kutubuddIna aibaka - 42, 73 kutubamInAra - 42, 73 kutubbula-islAma (masjida kA nAma)-73 kundakunda (AcArya) - 12, 15, 26, 37. 68, 71 kunkundabhAratI (dillI) kundakundAnvayI kunthalagiri kuppaTUra (nagara) kumArapAla-prabaMdha (jinamaNDala gaNi)kumArapAla cAlukya nareza kumAravaTuka (rAjyAdhikArI) kumArasambhava (mahAkavi kAlidAsakRta) kumArIparvata (bhuvanezvara) kumudendu yogI kuralakAvya

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88 6 19 76 kurajAMgala kulaga (phArasI) = kAka - 57 kuvalAla (karnATaka kI rAjadhAnI) - 32 kuzarAja (rAjA vIramadeva tomara kA mahAmaMtrI) kuzalasiMha (rAjA) kUTalipi - 11 kUTalekhana kRSNarAja (rAjA) - 72 kRSNasAra ke.pI.jAyasavAla (DaoN.) - 16 ke.pI.jAyasavAla risarca insTITyUTa (paTanA) ke.bI.pAThaka (DaoN.) 75 kerala keralaputra -14,18 kelaMgere (karnATaka ke prasiddha jaina kendra) - 34 kezarAja muni (rAmayazorasAyanarAsa ke lekhaka (sacitra grantha) __-8 kailAzacandra (paM.) kailAzanAtha kATajU kailAzaparvata koMkaNapaTTaNa koMgAlava rAjendra koMguNi varmA koTizilA koppaNa (karnATaka kA prasiddha jaina kendra) - 26, 34 koppaNa (kavi) 34 koppala 28 kolhApura - 45 kohinUra hIrA kaumAra - 65 khausAra (phArasI)=carmakAra-camAra - 58 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha khaMDagiri (bhuvanezvara) - 10, 17, 66 kharatADa (tAr3a kA eka prakAra) -6 kharoSThI (lipi) - 6, 10, 11, 12, 13 khApurU (phArasI) = karpUra - 58 khAravela (kaliMga samrATa)- 2, 4, 5, 10, 16, 17, 18, 20, 23, 24, 27, 28, 26, 35, khAravela-zilAlekha - 2, 16, 21, 28 khAsya (lipi) - 11, 12 khuzaphahama (kAdambarI TIkAkAra bhAnucandra siddhicandragaNi ke liye samrATa akabara dvArA pradatta upAdhi) kher3Agar3ha (jodhapura) khemasiMha (raidhU kavi kA ___ AzrayadAtA) khotana (nagara) gaMgarAja avinIta __ - 32, 37 gaMga (rAjavaMza) gaMga (nareza) gaMgavADI (karnATaka kA eka sAMskRtika nagara) - 32 gaMDI (tAr3apatrIya pANDulipi kA eka bheda) gaMdhahastibhASya (eka lupta graMtha) - 63, 77, 76 gar3ha campAvatI gaNAvartalipi gaNiyAlipi gaNeza varNI di. jaina saMsthAna gandharva-lipi gandharva-vidyA gayAsuddIna (bAdazAha) garur3a lipi gavarnameMTasa kvInas kAleja, vArANasI -30 - 43

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-74 32, 63 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha gAyakavAr3a-sIrIja (graMthamAlA) -60 giranAra (parvata) - 68 gilagita (kAzmIra) -5 gujarAta - 13, 15, 38, 42, gujarAtI guNakIrti (bhaTTAraka) guNadhara (kasAyapAhuDa ke lekhaka AcArya) - 12, 14, 15, 37 guNabhadra AcArya - 13, 26, 34, 38 guNavarmA (dvitIya) kannar3a kavi - 26 guNADhya (kavi) graoNsa (itihAsakAra) - 36 gRddhapiccha (AcArya) - 15 gRhagodhikA (prANI vizeSa) - 58 gopanandi paNDitadeva - 34 gopAcala(gvAliyara) -43, 48, 73, 74 gopAcaladurga (gvAliyara kA kilA) - 46, 48, 74, 75, 77 gommaTasAra karmakANDa - 46 gommaTezvara - 30 govindA-kannar3a kavi __ - 44 gaurIzaMkara hIrAcandra ojhA paM. - 4, 5 gvAliyara - 43, 44, 60 ghaTiyAlI (jodhapura) - 35, 47 caMdrama (kannar3a kavi) - 26 cakralipi (lipi) caTTaladevI (udAra dAnazIlA kannar3a mahilA) candavAra (nagara) - 74 candragupta (maurya) prathama - 4, 5, 14, 18 candradevamuni - 26 candappaha cariu-apabhraMza lupta grantha - 56, 73 candramauli (rAjyamaMtrI) - 34 candravADapaTTana (canduvAra phirojAbAda yU.pI.) - 43, 74 camar3A (prAcyakAlIna lekhanopakaraNa sAmagrI) camUpati (cAmuNDarAya) - campApura (nagara) campAvatI (durga) - 47, 48, 50 carmakAra caoNdI (prAcyakAlIna lekhanopakaraNa sAmagrI) cANakkI lipi cANakya (kauTilya) cANakka candragupta kathA grantha -68 cAmuNDarAya (senApati) - 26, 30 cAmuNDarAya-purANa cAritrasAra (cAmuNDarAya kRta) - 31 cArudatta (mahAsArthavAha) -61 cArUkIrti muni - 34 cAlukya rAjavaMza dakSiNa - 31, 35, 36 cIna deza cInI-kSetra cInI-vizvakoSa cInI lipi - 11, 13 citrasena padmAvatI caritra curU (rAjasthAna) cera (rAjya) - 14, 18 caityavRkSa coyaTThi-cauaTTi (dvAdazAMga vANI) -21, 26 cola (rAjya) - 14, 18 cauMsaTha kalAyeM - 13, 14 cauhAnavaMza - 43, 74 jakkaNavve (karnATaka kI Adarza mahilA) - 34 jakkiyavve (mahAsati) - 26, 32 -47,

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- 23 caritakAra) 60 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha jakkiyavve (karnATaka kii| jApAna -77 prazAsikA) - 33, 34 jiNarattikahA (aprakAzita jagaDUzAha (gujarAta kA dAnavIra ___ apabhraMza graMtha) - 46 sArthavAha) 40, 41 jinaprabhasUri (phArasI RSabha stotra ke jagatnAtha (jagannAtha) saMskRta TIkAkAra) - 50, 51, jagaddalasAmanta (cikitsaka) - 26 jinabhadrasUri jagadIzacandra vasu (vaijJAnika) - 23 jinamaNDana gaNi jagannAthapurI - 23 jinavara-vihAra jajiyA kara jinasena (AcArya) - 6, 26, 26, 36 jaTAsiMhanandi (varAMgacaritakAra) jinendradatta-sArthavAha - janna (kannaDa kavi) jImUtavAhana (rAjA) jaMbezvara-guMphA jIvakacintAmaNi (tamila graMtha) - 24 jammU-kAzmIra jIvadeva (vismRta graMthakAra) - jayadhavala -8, 82 jugalakizora mukhtAra (paM.) jayamitrahalla (apabhraMza vardhamAna jaina agravAla - 56 jaina grantha ratnAkara jayapura - 60 jainabAlAzrama (dillI) jayasoma upAdhyAya (mugalasamrATa dvArA jainamUrti kalA upAdhi sammAna prApta) - 50 / jainamUrti pUjA jarmanI -47, 48, 61, 77 / jaina vidyApITha - 37, 36 jalpanirNaya (anupalabdha graMtha) - 63 / / javaNI (lipi) - 12 jaina siddhAMta bhAskara javAharalAla neharu (paM.)- 16, 17, 18, (zodha patrikA) 68 jaina siddhAMta bhavana (ArA) jasaharacariu (apabhraMza graMtha) - 6, 71 / jaisalamera jAgIra (samrATa)- 40, 42, 44, 46, 46, jodhapura - 60, 75 50 jyotiSI-sugrIva (lekhaka) jahA~gIranAmA (phArasI graMtha) -50 jhANapaIva (apabhraMza graMtha) jahA~gIrapasaMda - 50 jhilAya nagara jAnakI prasAda dvivedI (DaoN.paM.) -64 ToMka jAnakIvallabha paTanAyaka (ur3IsA DUMgarasiMha (gopAcala kA tomara ke mukhya maMtrI) - 17 / / - 43, 44, 72 jaoNna mare (aMgreja itihAsakAra) -66 Dekina kAleja, pUnA jAna harTela (pro.) jarmana DhAkA, (vartamAna baMgalA samIkSAkAra - 48 deza kI rAjadhAnI) - 47 rAjA) ___-60

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- 16, 71 pa Y . 10 -20 18 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha dillI (dillI) - 42 NamokAra mantra NavayAra maMtra NADa (ajJAta nagara) NAyakumAracariu (puSpadanta) NemadAsa (seTha) takSakagar3ha durga takSakoko (maiksiko) takSazilA tanuhAMga (madhya eziyA) tamiradehasaMghAta-khAravela kAlIna tamila saMgha tamila 20, 24 tamila janapada tamilanADu tamila mahAsaMgha tamila lipi tamila saMghAta talakADa-karnATaka kA prAcIna jaina vidyApITha - 28, 37 tAr3apatrIya pANDulipi -7,45 tAmrapaTTa tAmraparNI - 18, 20 tArUsaMga (phArasI) = morapakSI - 57 tibbata deza -36, 62 tibbatI anuvAda -36, 77 tibbatI lipi tiruvalluvara tilakacandra tisaTTipurisaguNAlaMkAru turkistAna turukkI-lipi - 12 tulAdAna tomaravaMzI rAjA tolakappiyama (tamila jaina vyAkaraNa graMtha) trigarta trikAlamunibhaTTAraka tricirApallI tripiTaka triSaSThizalAkAmahApurANapuruSacarita - 40 vidya-deva vidya goSThI grantha thalu kAyastha thirukkurala daDiga, ikSvAkuvaMzI dakSiNa lipi daNDaka dantidurga dayAkusala dayApAla (vidvAna) dayAsundara kAvya 74 darada (lipi) - 11, 13 darabArIlAla koThiyA paM. - 82 darabhaMgA (nagara) dalasukha mAlavaNiyA (paM.) - 82 dazabhakti dazavaikAlika (hAribhadrIya TIkA) dazottarapadasandhi likhita lipi - 11 dazottara lipi dAnazAlA drAviDI (lipi) - 11, dvAdazAMgavANI - 13, 21, 25 dvAdazAnuprekSA (kundakundakRta) - 63 dirama =cAra AnA ke barAbara eka sikkA - 41 dilAvarakhA~ gaurI __ - 43 dillI - 36, 42, 47, 60, 65, 73, 0 M94

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11, 13 - 15, 32 / / / jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha divAkaranandi (kavi) - 26 dharmasena (eka vismRtagraMthakAra) - 45 divAkaraseTTi - 33 dharmopadeza cUDAmaNi (lupta graMtha) - 56 dviruttarapada sandhi likhita dhavala (apabhraMza kavi) -8, 26, 58 lipi dhavalA TIkA -60, 76, 78, 82 durgasiMha (kAtaMtra vyAkaraNa nagarakoTa (vismRta nagara) - 66 ___ kA TIkAkAra) naTI-lipi - 12 durlabha-kAka naTTalasAhu (mahAkavi bibudha zrIdhara durvinIta (gaMgarAja) kA AzrayadAtA) - 42, 44, 61, 71, devagaNa (mUlasaMgha) 73, 76 devagupta (graMthakAra) - 63 nandamauryayuga - 10 devanandi pUjyapAda (AcArya) - 26, 32,33, nandarAja __ - 16, 21 35, 37, 44, 60 nandigiri - 32 devanAgarI lipi - 12 nandipada (khAravela zilAlekha devarAja (senApati) - 31 meM utkIrNita cinha) - 23 devalipi nandivardhana devasena gaNi nanna (maMtrI) - 26, 40, devIdAsa (bundelI kavi) nayanandi (apabhraMza kavi) devIdAsavilAsa nayavijaya (graMthakAra) devendra kumAra jaina DaoN. narasiMhadeva devendra siddhAMtadeva nayasena (kannar3a lekhaka) doDDayya (kannaDa narasiMhAcArya (kannaDa purANetihAsakAra) itihAsakAra) dohaDoTTa (nagara) navastotra (luptagraMtha) - 62, 63 dramilla (draviDa) navAtu (phArasI) = zarkarA draviDa nAgacandra (kannaDa kavi) dravyapramANa nAgadeva (kannaDa senApati) dhaNayatta cariu nAgapura dhanapAla kavi nAgarakhaNDa (janapada) dhammapada nAgarI (lipi) dharaNIprekSaNAlipi - 13 nAgarI pracAriNI dharasena (AcArya) - 15 patrikA (vArANasI) dharAdhara paNDita (muhammada bina tugalaka / nAgalipi kA jaina jyotiSI vidvAna) - 50 nAgavarmA (kannaDa kavi) dharmacaritaTippaNa (aprApta graMtha) - 64 / nAgahasti (guNadharAcArya-ziSya) dharmazarmAbhyudaya (mahAkAvya) - 75 nAgaura - 58 / / / / / / / / / /

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- 50 -18 - 13 nepAla - 63 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha nAthUrAma premI (paM.) - 82 padmAvatI devI nAdirajjamA (siddhicandra ke liye paniyAra maTha mugalasamrATa akabara dvArA pannaga (sarpa) pradatta upAdhi) - 50 pannAlAla (sAhityAcArya paM.) nAdirazAha pampa (kannar3a kavi) - nAndipada - 22 pampAdevI (kannar3a mahArAnI) - nAlaDiyAra (tamila jaina graMtha) - 16, 24 / paramAnanda (paM.) niArkasa (sikandara kA senApati) - 4 pallavabhAra _ - 18 pallava (rAjavaMza) nirgrantha dharma pallavakIrti (vismRta kavi) - 45 nikSepalipi pAkistAna niyamasAra - 63 pATana (gujarAta) - 7, 60 niravadya paNDita - 35 pATaliputra - 14, 16 nirmaladAsa (zrAvaka kavi) - 48, 46 pANini (vaiyAkaraNa) - 42, 64 nirvANa kANDa - 68 pANinIya vyAkaraNa nyAsa - 62, 65, 77 (lupta graMtha) nemicandra (siddhAMta cakravartI) - 30 pANDya (rAjavaMza) - 14, 18, 16 nemicandra zAstrI (DaoN.) - 82 pANDava nareza - 16 nokkarayya seTTi (karnATaka kA pANDva-purANa (apabhraMza, aprakAzita eka mahAseTha) graMtha) - 46 paumacariu - 46, pANDukAbhaya (siMghala nareza) - 18 paMcataMtra pANDuravarNa - 2, 4 paMcamIkahA (lupta apabhraMza grantha) - 56 pANDulipi - 3, 45 paMcaraMgI-jhaMDA pAtasAhi anaMgazAha (DhAkA nareza) - 47 paMcAkhyAna bhASA pAtrakezarI (jainAcArya) - 63 paMcAstikAya - 47, 46, 63 pAdalikhita lipi - 13 paMjikAvRtti (kAtaMtra-vyAkaraNa kI) - 65 pAmabbe (kannaDa kI Adarza pajjuNNacariu (apabhraMza-mahAkAvya) - 56 mahilA) - 30, 34 paTanA pArasakula paTTaNasvAmI pArasI (lipi) - 12, - pataMjali pAriseTThi (karnATaka kA seTha) - padma kavi (rAjasthAnI) pArvatI padma (rAma) pAli (bhASA) / padmanAbha (kannaDa kavi) - 26 pAlyakIrti (zAkaTAyana, / padamanAbha kAyastha (kavi) vaiyAkaraNa) 48 - 48 ta oc

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64 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha pArzva (tIrthakara) - 21 ponna (kannaDa. kavi) - 26, 35 pArzva paNDita (kannaDa kavi) - 26 poyasala vaMza (hoyasala vaMza) - 34 pAsaNAhacariu (budha zrIdhara) pratApasiMha (nareza) kRta (apabhraMza mahAkAvya) - 42, 65, 73 pratAparudra cauhAna (candravADapaTTana pAhuDa dohA - 76 __nareza) pithuDa pratihAra vaMza pItala (dhAtu prAcyakAlIna prabhaMjana rAjarSi (vismRta graMthakAra) - 63 lekhanopakaraNa sAmagrI) -.2 prabhAcandrAcArya - 7, 26, 68 puMDarIkaNI (nagarI) -2, 66 prabhudayAla agnihotrI (pro.DaoN.) - 64 pukkhalAvai (puSkalAvatI nagarI) - 66 prameyakamalamArtaNDa - 7 puNyavijayajI (prAcyavidyAvid muni) -5 prayAga - 60 puNyavijaya jI (muni) - 81 pravacanasAra - 63, 65, 68 puNNAsakkahA (raidhU kRta) - 74 praznaratna (vismRta jyotiSa graMtha) - 45 puNNita (senApati) ___ - 31 praznottaramAlA (devendra TIkA) - 62 puNNitamayya (kannaDa senApati) - 34 / praznottararatnamAlikA - 38, 36, 46 punnADa (jainavidyA kendra) __ - 28 prahalAdanapura (vismRta nagara) - 66 puSkaragaNa (bhaTTArakoM kA eka prAkRta -8, 33. sampradAya) - 45 prAkRta zilAlekha puSkarasArI (lipi) prAcI nadI puSpadanta (AcArya) - 12, 15, 17, 37 phAdara mANTesarrATa puSpadanta (mahAkavi) - 6, 26, 40, 71, __ (videzI paryaTaka) 72, 75, 78 86, 87, 62 phArvIsa (itihAsakAra) puSpaSeNa siddhAMtadeva phArasI lipi - 12, 54, 55 puSpalipi - 13 phArasI bhASA - 50, 52, 53 puSpAyurveda phAhiyAna (cInI paryaTaka) - 66 pUjyapAda (AcArya) phirojakhAna - 40 phirojAbAda - 43, 46 pUrvavideha-lipi - 13 phUlacandra jI (siddhAMtazAstrI, pekiMga (cIna) paM.) - 67, 81, 82 perisa - 58, 61, 77 phrAMsa - 47, 61, 77 perUra (grAma) phreMcabhASA pocavvarasI (karnATaka kI baMkApura (karnATaka) Adarza mahilA) - 34 baMgalipi potthavaM (pothI-dharmapustaka) -7 baMgAla - 26, 35 baTTakera (AcArya) __ - 15, 76 - 36 - 35 / / / pUnA / / / / / / / / podanapura

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jaina - pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha bar3apura (vismRta nagara) bar3alI (grAma) bar3audA banArasI dAsa (mahAkavi ) bandhuvarmA (kannar3a kavi) barmA (deza) bambaI baladeva (upAdhyAya paM . ) baladeva (senApati) balabhI (gujarAta kA eka nagara ) balavIra, nalinI, pro. (perisa ) bali rAjA barlina - ballabhabhAI paTela, saradAra) ballAla (rAjA) bahaloka lodI (samrATa) bAbara (samrATa) - - buddha (gautama) bundelakhaNDa bundelI bhASA bRhatkathA tulA atilisa DI. Dona (bhojavRkSa kA iTAliyana nAma) vebara, pro. DaoN. - - 11, 38 61 -- - 31 62, 65 60 31, 82 -31 - 14 - - 77 - 42 6, 48, 76 17 - bAbaranAmA (phArasI graMtha) bAlacandra kavi - bAlacandra muni (mUlasaMgha dezIgaNa ) bAlacandra (kannaDa kavi) bAhubali paNDita (kannaDa kavi) bAhubali seTTi (kannaDa zreSThi) bihAra (prAnta) bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSad (paTanA) bIjavAr3A bI.Ara. ambeDakara (DaoN.) bIsaladeva (rAjA) - 66 - 51 - - 50 26 - - - 34 46 46 33 67 60 - 45 16. 67 48 - 5 71, 76 67 63 34 34 26 5 66 bocca (kannar3a senApati) bopadeva (vaiyAkaraNa) boppa senApati boppaNa (kannaDa kavi) bosTana (amerIkA) brahmaballI-lipi brahmaziva (kannaDa kavi) brAhmaNa dharma brAhmI (tIrthakara RSabhadeva kI putrI) brAhmI lipi brAhmI lekha briTena brejA ( bhojapatra ) bhaktAmara stotra vRtti bhagavatIdAsa (paM.) bhagavAna dAsa rAva (zAsaka) bhagavAna lAla indrajI (paM.) bhaTTa akalaMka bhadrabAhu (AcArya zrutakevalI) bhANDArakara rA.go.(DaoN.) bhaNDArakara orieNTala risarca iMsTITyUTa, pUnA - | | | | -- 11 34 26, 31 65 30 - 44 6 13, 17, 16 17,16 47, 77 - 5 - 50 56 - 47 - 61 - 13 26 16 - bhadrezvara (gujarAta kA eka nagara) - 40, 41 bharata cakravartI (RSabha putra) - 30, 38 bharata (kannaDa senApati) 31 bharata (mahAmAtya ) - 26, 40, 71,72, 76 bharatapAla (candrabADapaTTana kA prathama cauhAna nareza) bharadhavasa (bhAratavarSa) bhaviSyadatta-kAvya (vibudha zrIdharakRta) bhaviSyadatta (sArthavAha) 21 26 14, 17, 16, 68, - 43 16, 17, 18 46 - 61 - 35, 40

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66 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha bhAnucandra-siddhicandra gaNi madhyAkSara-lipi (kAdambarI ke TIkAkAkara)- 50, 51 manuSyalipi bhArata -7, 16, 17, 30, 43, mammaNavAhaNa (vismRta nagara) 62, 64, 70, 76 mammANika-pASANa bhAramalla kachavAhA (zAsaka) - 47 myuurpicchii| bhAravi (saMskRta mahAkavi) - 35 mareya (karnATaka kA seTha) bhAvasena-traividya -65, 66 madrAsa bhAvI-jina - 72 malikavAhaNa (vismRta nagara) bhAsa kavi - 37 malliSeNasUri bhuvanezvara (ur3IsA) - 2, 16 mahamada (phArasI zabda) = Izvara -56 bhUTAna (deza) - 62, 65, 67 mahamUdazAha (sultAna) - 46 bhUrja (bhoja vRkSa yA pattA) - 4, 5 mahAcaMda (athavA mahiMdu bhUtabali (AcArya) - 10, 12, 14, apabhraMza kavi) 15, 16, 36 mahAdhavala - 7, 82 bhUtalipi - 11, 12 mahApurANa (jinasena) - 8, 63, 75 bhoja (rAjA) - 42, 58 ___ mahApurANa (kUcI bhaTTArakakRta) zaurasenI prAkRta bhoja-patra (prAcyakAlIna graMtha, vartamAna meM anupalabdha - 63 lekhanopakaraNa sAmagrI) -5 mahApurANa-apabhraMza (puSpadanta) - 64, 75 bhojaka (prAcIna mahArASTra mahAbala (kannaDa kavi) - kA eka deza) mahAbhArata bhoTa (bhUTAna deza) mahAbhASya vyAkaraNa bhomadeva lipi (pataMjali kRta) maMgarasa (sUpazAstra ke mahAmada (mahAmAtya) - 27 kannar3a lekhaka) - 26 mahArASTra -20, 21, maMgoliyA (deza) -47, 62, 65, 77 __ mahAvaMza - 18, 28 magadha __ - 13, 17, 20, 23 mahAvArtika -63 magadha nareza mahAvijaya prAsAda - 26 magadha-lipi -- 11 mahAvIra (tIrthakara) magadha samrATa mahAvIracariu (jayamitra halla magasa (phArasI) = makkhI kRta truTita, aprakAzita) - 56 maNimekhalai (tamila kA prAcIna mahAvIracarita (amarakIrttikRta) mahAkAvya) - 24 apabhraMza lupta graMtha mathurA - 14 mahAvIrAcArya (gaNitajJa) - 26, 38 maduraI (tamilanADu) - 18 mahendra kumAra (nyAyAcArya, paM.) - 82 madhyapradeza - 12, 60, 66, 66 mahoraga lipi - 13 - 27 -44.58 16 - 14 57

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jaina - pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha mahopAdhyAya (siddhicandragaNi kI upAdhi) mAuNTavaiTana (bhArata ke pUrva gavarnara janarala) mAMDo mAgadha lipi mAguDI mAghanandi (siddhAMta deva) mAthuragaccha (bhaTTAraka paramparA kI eka zAkhA ) mAdhava (rAjaputra) mAnasiMha (akabara nagara rAjamahala, baMgAla kA zAsaka ) mAnastambha mArasiMha (nareza) mArkaNDeya purANa mAlaladevI (karnATaka kI mahArAnI) mAlavA mAlavI lipi mAsko (rUsa) mAhiMdu mAhI (phArasI) = machalI mizra (deza) - misika (kastUrI) phArasI zabda muijudIna (zAsaka) muMzI dilArAma mugdhabodha (saMskRta vyAkaraNa) mujaphpharapura (bihAra) muni candra munijina vijaya munisundara (muni - lekhaka ) mubArikazAha (zAsaka) mummuridaNDa (karnATaka kA seTha) muruga (phArasI) = murgA mulakagIra (dillI kA zAsaka ) T I| - 1 45 31, 33 - - - - 34 - 2 12 62, 66 - 56 77 50 17 43 12 33 34 - - - 47 42 30 16 58 - 41 46 45 - 67 26 81 - 65 46 33 - 57 - - - 47 muSTivyAkaraNa musika muhammada bina tugalaka (dillI kA sultAna) muhammadazAha (zAsaka) mUDI yA mUlabidrI (jaina kAzI) mUladevI lipi mUlasaMghI mUlAcAra (AcArya baTTakerakRta) mRgacakralipi mRgapakSi zAstra (jainAcArya haMsadeva kRta) megAsthanIja (videzI paryaTaka) meghakUTapura (vismRta nagara) meghadUta (kAlidAsa dvArA racita) mahesaracariu apabhraMza (idhU kRta aprakAzita) maiksiko mairiyana (kannaDa senApati) morisa viMTaranIja (itihAsakAra) mohanajodAro maulAnA abulakalAma ajAda myAMmAra (barmA deza) yakSa yakSiNI yakSI-lipi yativRSabha (muni, AcArya) yazodharacarita - (amarakIrtikRta lupta graMtha) yazorAzi yazaH kIrti (bhaTTAraka) yApanIyasaMgha yukAtAna (prAcIna maiksiko) - - - -- 46, 51 7. 60 - 12 34 - 77 13 - 1||| - 67 - 56 4, 66 66 - - 68 - 65 27 6 46 / / / 6 / / OM / 75 62 - 31 46 - 6 16 6 - 68 16 - 12 g 63 64 . 70 * 45, 74 68 62

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68 yudhiSThira (vyAkaraNazAstra ke itihAsakAra paM.) yU.jI.sI. 44,65 81 - 5 yuTilisa-viTulA yoginIpura 46 idhU (kavi) - 6, 43, 45, 56, 72, 73, 75, 77 43, 45 raidhU (sAhitya) raTTa nareza (kArtavIrya) raThika ratnAkaravarNI rana (kannar3a kavi) rayaNasAra ravikIrti (aihole zilAlekha kA lekhaka) ravivayakahA (aprakAzita - - rAkSasI (lipi) rAmacandra ( cauhAna nareza ) rAmacandra (rAva) ghaTyAlI nagara kA zAsaka apabhraMza graMtha) raviSeNa (padmapurANakAra ) rahasya lipi rA. go. bhaNDArakara rAjagopAlAcArya (cakravartI) rAjapraznIya sUtra rAjabali pANDeya (DaoN.) rAjamukuTa (samrATa amoghavarSa kA ) rAjasthAna purAtatva vidyA mandira rAjasthAnI rAjAditya rAjArAma jaina (DaoN) rAjendra kaugAlava rAjendra prasAda (rASTrapati) DaoN. rAjendralAla purAvid (DaoN.) - - 20, 28 - I 26, 35 T - - 46 26 11 - 40 17 7 3 38. 66 3, 6, 46, 76 26 68, 82 34 16 44 - 33 - - - v x 26 - 35 - 63 12 43, 47 48 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha rAmanAD (dakSiNa kA eka zahara) rAmayazorasAyanarAsa (apanaranAma sacitra rAmAyaNa) rAmasiMha (muni, pAhuDadohA ke lekhaka ) raoNyala eziyATika sosAITI rASTrakUTa (rASTrakUTa vaMzI) riTTheNemicariu (svayambhUkRta) riSTa- pANDulipi riSTaratna risaha RSabha - rUsa recimayya (kannaDa senApati) rezandIgiri rUkhacetiya (khAravela zilAlekha meM aMkita eka citra ) rudrapratApa siMha cauhAna nareza ) rojI (phArasI) = vibhUti rohiMsakUpa (jodhapura kA lavaNasAgara lADa lipi lADanU~ (nagara) eka nagara) lajjapiNDa = lajjA + piNDa (jagaDU zAha dvArA nirmita) lakSmIyAmbi (karnATaka kI eka Adarza mahilA) lalita-vistarA lAhaura lipyAsana (davAta) - lAlabahAdura zAstrI paM. lAla bhAI dalapatabhAI prAcyavidyA mandira ahamadAbAda - 27, 32, 37 46, 58, 56 -19 - 7 58 - 18 - 1 6 23 43 61, 77 76 66 | | | | - 58 31 66 36 42 -34 x = - 11 - 30 - 2 w r | 12 46 82 60 5 - 7

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha luisa rAisa (itihAsakAra) - 32 lekha-pratilekha-lipi - 13 lekhyavRkSa - 5 loka vibhAga (sarvanandi kRta), __anupalabdha graMtha lopAMga (cIna) lohA (eka dhAtu, prAcIna lekhanopakaraNa sAmagrI) vajralipi - 13 vaDalI (nagara, ajamera) - 2, 3, 10, 34 baDakahA (guNADhyakRta, luptagraMtha) - 62 varaMgacariu varNI jaina saMsthAna, nariyA vArANasI vardhamaMgala (khAravela zilAlekha meM utkIrNita cinha) vardhamAna-sudatta (AcArya) vardhamAnapura (vADhavANa, gujarAta) vanavAsI valligAmeM (karnATaka kA eka jaina kendra) - 28 vasunandi (zrAvakAcAra ke lekhaka) - 26 vahasatimitta-vRhaspatimitra (magadha-samrATa) vATanagara (karnATaka kI prAcIna jaina vidyApITha) - 38 vAdAmI (guphAe~ karnATaka) vAdirAjasUri ___ - 26, 36 vAdIbhasiMha vAyumaha lipi - 13 vArANasI - 60, 61 vAziMgaTana (amerIkA) - 61 vAsudevazaraNa agravAla DaoN - 6, 36, 82 vastu nirmANa - 26 vikToriyA (briTena kI mahArAnI) - 43 vikrama rAjA / vikramAditya rAjA vikSepAvartta-lipi vijayaNNa (kannaDa kavi) vijayadeva paNDita (kannaDa kavi) vijayasena sUri viTulA vidarbha vidyAnanda (rASTrasaMta, AcArya) - 17, 31, 36, 76 vidyAnanda mahodaya (lupta graMtha) - 63 vidyAnandi (AcArya) - 64 vidyAnuloma-lipi vidyAvatI jaina (DaoN.) - 67. vibudha zrIdhara (apabhraMza ___kavi) - 42, 48, 56, 65, 73 vimalacandra paNDita deva - 35 vimalasUri AcArya (harivaMzacariyaM lupta ke lekhaka) vimizritA lipi viyenA (oNsTriyA) viliyama jonsa (sara DaoN.) vivaliyothika graMthAgAra (perisa) - 61 viSNu (kannaDa senApati) -31 viSNupurANa viSNuvardhana (hoyasala nareza) - 31, 33, 34 viSNu zarmA (paM.) paMcataMtrakAra vizAkha AcArya - 13, 18 vizvanAtha dAsa (ur3IsA ke pUrva mukhyamaMtrI) viMseTasmitha (itihAsakAra) vIrakavi (apabhraMza jaMbUsvAmI cariukAra)

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100 vIradAsa (AzrayadAtA-putra) vIra nirvANa bhAratI vIravandaka (vismRta kavi) vIrama tomara (gopAcala kA tomara rAjA) vIra rAThaur3a rAya vIrasena svAmI (dhavalA TIkAkAra) vI. rAghavana ( DaoN.) vIsaladeva (rAjA) vRttavilAsa (kannaDa kavi somanAtha kRta) vRSabha putra (bharata) veneya-vIra senApati vevara (pro. DaoN.) vaidika dharma vaidikAgama vaidyazAstra vaizAlI zaMkara (bhagavAna) zaMkara sAmanta zakAri - lipi zarkI (muslima zAsaka) zabdAvatAra nyAsa zalyataMtra (lupta graMtha) zarvavarma - - 74 76 - 45 zahara (phArasI) = zahara, nagara zAkaTAyana (vaiyAkaraNa) - zAntara (karnATaka kA eka rAjavaMza) zAntalAdevI (mahArAnI) zAntinAtha (kannaDa kavi) zAntinAtha purANa (kannaDa kavi ponnakRta) 47, 74 26, 37 48,61,76 - - |||I w w w i 20 89998 47 - / / 41 T I 26 30 66 18 - 14 - 44 63 * r x m m m - 5 - 44 63 64, 65, 66 33 13 43 58 38. 34 34 26 33 jaina- pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha zAntinAtha purANa (apabhraMza, aprakAzita mahAkavi raidhU kRta) zAntiyaNNa (karnATaka kA senApati) zAntiyavve (karnATaka kI Adarza mahilA viduSI ratna) zAntiSeNa yA zAnta (vismRta graMthakAra ) zAstrAvarta-lipi zilAhAra zivakoTi (AcArya) zivamAra rAjA (dvitIya) zivArya (AcArya) zivi (rAjA) zizunAgavaMzI (rAjA) zubhacandra (bhaTTAraka) zUdraka (mahAkavi) zaurasenI (bhASA) zravaNabelagolA 63 13 zAhajahA~ (bAdazAha) - 47, 48, 49, 50 zilappadikAra (tamila kA Adya jaina mahAkAvya) -- zrIcandra (apabhraMza kavi) zrItADa (tADapatra kA bheda) zrIdatta (graMthakAra ) zrIdhara- vibudha (apabhraMza kA mahAkavi) zrIdharAcArya - 1 - - zrIpAla traividyadeva zrIlaMkA zrIvijaya (aparanAma aparAjita) I || - 31 35 15, 40, 63 6 -- 24 x - 42 - 33 - 62 32 7, 28, 29, 32, 34, 66 - 56 6 63 16 46 28.51 37 5 42, 65 26 zrInandi (bhaTTAraka) zrIpAla - mahAsArthavAha - 61, 70 71 77 zrIpAlacarita (raidhU kRta) - 77 63 34 62 63

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101 - 32 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha zruta jainAgama - 14 zrutakIrti bhaTTAraka zrutakIrtideva (kannaDa kavi) - 34 zrutakevalI (AcArya) zruti-vaidikAgama SaTkarmopadeza (amarakIrti kRta) apabhraMza SaTkhaNDAgama - 7, 54, 80 SaTpadisAhityakAra - 26 saMkhyAlipi - 13 saMgama-sAhityakAra saMsada (Board of Academicians) saMghAta rASTrakula (United states of Tamil) saMpuTaka-tADapatrIya __pANDulipi-prakAra saMskRta-paMcataMtra sagu (zvAna) phArasI zabda satprarUpaNA satyaputra (dakSiNApatha kA eka deza) - 15, 18 satyAzraya (rAjA) sanmati prakaraNa (siddhasena kRta) - samattakaumuikahA samantabhadra (AcArya) - - 15, 63 samavAyAMga sUtra -6 samasyA pUrti - 70 sammattaguNaNihANakavva-(apabhraMza aprakAzita kAvya) - 44, sammedagiri sammedazikhara samyaktva kaumudI kathA samyaktvacUr3AmaNi - 34 samyaktvArAzi (karnATaka kA madhyakAlIna seTha) sayalavihivihANakavva (nayanandi kRta) ___ apabhraMza kAvya, truTita) - 58 sayUragAna - 51 sala (hoyasala vaMza) - 34 salAma (phArasI) = namaskAra salIma (zAsaka) salettora (bI.e., DaoN.) savatigandhavAraNabasadi - 34 sarvanandi AcArya (lokavibhAga ke lekhaka) - 40, 47, sarvabhUtarudagrahaNI-lipi - 13 sarvarutsaMgrahaNI-lipi - 13 sarvasAra saMgrahaNI-lipi sarvAsalarudagrahaNI-lipi - 13 sarvAnandisUri sarvauSadhiniSyandalipi - 13 sAMtaravaMza sAgaralipi sAgAradharmAmRta sAdhAraNa sAhu sAdhukIrti sAmAyika (saMskRta kI prArthanAoM kA saMgraha) sArasaMgraha (pUjyapAda kRta) sArthavAha sAligrAma (eka vismRta nagara) sAhasatuMga nareza - 32 siMhanandi AcArya - 28, 31 siMhaladeza - 14, 18, 28 sikandara - 4 sikandarAbAda __ - 46 sitArikA (phArasI) = kAvari (prANI vizeSa) siddha (siMha) mahAkavi (pajjuNNa cariukAra) - 56 AP 9 Um Ww 73, 74 33

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102 siddhasena (sanmati prakaraNakAra) sindhI-lipi sindhu deza sirivAlacariu - apabhraMza, aprakAzita (raidhU kRta) silAhAra (vaMzIya senApati kAlana ) - surajana (solaMkI) nareza surendrakIrti - - 56, 70 33 sI.ena. rAva 18 sukumAlacariu (vibudha zrIdhara ) - 46, 74 sugandhadazamIkathA (apabhraMza) 1 6, 74 14 suta sudaMsaNacariu (lupta graMtha) 58, 56 idhU kRta sudattavardhamAna AcArya (hoyasalavaMza - saMsthApaka) subhASitArNava - 64 12 42 28, 34 62 - 47 66 46 - sultAna gayAsuddIna 37 42 sulemAna (arabI itihAsakAra) sultAna (mANDo kA) sultAna (muhammada bina tugalaka ) - 51 suvarNadevI (apabhraMza zrIpAlacarita meM varNita rAjakumArI) sUpazAstra- kannaDa kavi maMgarasa kRta sonA (eka lekhanopakaraNa sAmagrI-prakAra) - - - 70 26 2 43 46 jaina - pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha sthUlabhadra syAhI (riSTaratna dvArA nirmita) svayaMbhU svastika (khAravela zilAlekha meM aMkita haMsadeva (jainAcArya, mRgapakSizAstra ke lekhaka ) haMsa lipi hajArI prasAda dvivedI (paM.) harTela jAna (DaoN.) hanasoge (karnATaka kA eka jaina vidyA kendra) hamIra (rAjya) hammIra (rAjya) hIra vijayasUra hIrAlAla jI (DaoN.) hIrAlAla jaina (paM.) hIrAlAla jI ( duggar3a) humAyU~ saiyada vaMza sonAgira tIrtha somagor3A 33 hummaca somadeva sUra 26 somanAtha 26 42 skandhala (rAjya) stotra RSabha (phArasI meM likhita ) - 46 harayANA harigrahapura (nagara) harivaMzapurANa (apabhraMza, yazaH kIrti bhaTTAraka kRta) hAthI gumphA - 14 - 7 26,46,58 zAha hUNa lipi hemarAja jaina hAribhadrIya (dazavaikAlika TIkA) hindI sAhitya sammelana (prayAga) hindustAna himavat parvata himavanta (therAvalI) himAlaya - - hulla (karnATaka senApati) - 28 41, 42 42 42, 46, 73 66 - 56 - 12 82 48 - - - - 46 27 -19 60 16 30 5 47, 68 - -- -wy - - - 50 76, 81, 82 82 61 - 22 - -- - 46 28, 33, 35 31, 34 III - 43 - 12 46

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103 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha hoyasala nareza - 34 hoyasalavaMza - 31, 34, 38 hollakere - 33 hyUnatsAMga __ -6, 56

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104 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha sandarbha-graMtha sUcI atIta ke pRSThoM se - DaoN. rAjArAma jaina - jaina vidyA saMsthAna, zrI mahAvIrajI 16:6 apabhraMza sAhitya - harivaMza kochaDa - dillI, vi.saM. 2016 abhijJAna zAkuntalam - mahAkavi kAlidAsa - caukhambA, vArANasI ardhakathAnaka - mahAkavi banArasIdAsa- bambaI, 1656 I. abhilekha maMjUSA - raNajIta siMha sainI - dillI, 2000 I. AcArya bhadrabAhucANakya candraguptakathAnaka (raidhu) - saM. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina- zrI gaNeza varNI saMsathAna, vArANasI, 1682 I. AdipurANa (mahAkavi - saM. paM. pannAlAla - bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, 1665 I. jinasena) sAhityAcArya Avazyaka niyukti bhASya - - ratalAma, 1628 I. uttarapurANa - (guNabhadrAcArya) - saM. paM. pannAlAla - bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, 1654 I. sAhityAcArya kumArapAlacarita - - bhAvanagara (gujarAta) vi.saM. 1673 (A. hemacandra) khAravela kAlIna - mahAraTTha saMgha evaM - jaina saMskRti ke - (zodhabhASaNamAlA - prakAzyamAna vikAsa meM usakA san 2002) yogadAna DaoN. rAjArAma jaina cAlukya kumArapAla - DaoN. lakSmIzaMkara nyAsa- bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, 1662 I. chakkhaMDAgama bhAga 3 - - amarAvatI, san 1636-1656 jinasahasranAma - bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, 1654 I. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha - mANikacandra jaina - bambaI, 1657 I. (bhAga 1-3) sIrIja jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa (pUrva-pIThikA) - paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI- zrI gaNeza varNI saMsthAna, vArANasI, 1666

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 105 jaina siddhAMta bhavana- - saM. DaoN. RSabha candra - jaina siddhAMta bhavana ArA (bihAra) (ArA) graMthAvalI phaujadAra (bhAga1) tiloyapaNNattI - jIvarAja graMthamAlA - zolApura (mahArASTra) (yativRSabha) 1643, 1652 I. tIrthakara mahAvIra auraunakI AcArya paramparA- DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI - sAgara (ma.pra.) trilokasAra - bambaI, vI. ni. saM. 2444 triSaSThi zalAkA mahApuruSa carita (apabhraMza) puSpadanta - mANikacandra graMthamAlA- bambaI, 1637-1641 I. dakSiNa bhArata meM - paM. kailAzacandra - bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI, jainadharma zAstrI san 1967 dazavaikAlika TIkA - (haribhadra kRta) - bambaI dhaNNakumAra cariu - saM.DaoN. rAjArAma jaina - jIvarAja graMthamAlA (raidhU) __zolApura (mahArASTra). 1675 I. nanda-maurya yugIna - ke.e. nIlakaNTha - dillI, 1666 I. bhArata zAstrI pataMjalikAlIna bhArata- DaoN. prabhudayAla - bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSad, __ agnihotrI paTanA, 1663 pampayuga ke jainakavi - paM.ke. bhujabali zAstrIpAThAlocana ke siddhAMta- kanhaiyA siMha - ilAhAbAda, 1662 praznottararatnamAlikA - (samrATa amoghavarSa) - prAkRta sAhitya kA - DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI - vArANasI, 1666 I. itihAsa prAcya bhAratIya zramaNa - muni puNya vijaya jI- ahamadAbAda saMskRti anekalA (gujarAtI prAcIna lekha saMgaha - - bhAvanagara, 1885 (bhAga 1) prAcIna bhAratIya - gau. hi. ojhA - dillI, 1656 lipimAlA puNNAsavakahA (raidhU) - saM.DaoN. rAjArAma jaina - dillI, janavarI 2000 purudevacampU - mANikacandra sIrija - bambaI, vI.saM. 1985 bhAnucandra siddhicanda - siMghI jaina graMthamAlA - bambaI, 1641 gaNi carita

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106 jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha bhAratIya saMskRti ke - DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina - bhopAla, 1662 vikAsa meM jainadharma kA yogadAna madhya eziyA evaM - paM. hIrAlAla duggar3a - dillI, 1976 paMjAba meM jainadharma mahApurANa - saM.paM. pannAlAla - bhAratIya jJAnapITha (jinasenAcArya) sAhityAcArya mahAvaMza - saM.DaoN.gAyagara (Geiger)- landana, 1612 raidhU sAhitya kA - DaoN. rAjArAma jaina - vaizAlI, 1674 AlocanAtmaka parizIlana rAjapraznIya sUtra - vyAvara saMskaraNa - vaDDamANacariu - saM.DaoN. rAjArAma jaina - bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI, 1975 (vibudha zrIdhara) vikramorvazIyaM nATakaM - kAlidAsa) - kAzI, vi.saM. 2007 vizeSAvazyaka bhASyaM - - bambaI, 1624-1627 I. samavAyAMga sUtra - - ahamadAbAda, 1637 I. sUtrakRtAMga cUrNi - ratalAma, 1641 I. ziSyahitAnyAsa vRttiH (kAtantravyAkaraNa) zaurasenI prAkRta bhASA - DaoN. rAjArAma jaina - kundakunda bhAratI, naI dillI, evaM usake sAhitya 2001 I. kA saMkSipta itihAsa yUnatsAMga kI bhArata - - iNDiyana presa prayAga yAtrA ENGLISH REFERENCE BOOKS - Moskow (USSR), 1984 - Dr. S.M. Katre Image of India Introduction to Indian Texual Criticism Jainas in the history of Indian literature Jainism and Karnataka Culture - Dr. Winternitz - Ahmedabad, 1946 -S.R.Sharma -Dharwar, 1940

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jaina-pANDulipiyA~ evaM zilAlekha 107 - Varanasi, 1962 - Bombay Historical and - Dr. R.B. Pandey literary Inscriptions History and Cultureof Indian People Vol.1-5 Medieval India -Dr. B.A. Salatore Mysore Gazetteer - Vol.I Pali language and -Geiger literature Rastrakootas and - Dr. A.S. Altekar their times - Bombay, 1938 -1909 - Calcutta, 1956 - Poona, 1934 aprakAzita pANDulipiyoM pAsaNAha cariu - (vibudha zrIdhara) (prakAzyamAna) mahAvIra cariu - (kavi jayamitra halla) mehesara cariu (raidhU) sammattaguNaNihANa kavva (raidhU) sirivAlacariu (raidhU) patra-patrikAe~ ahiMsAvANI (jainakathA vizeSAMka) - saM.DaoN. kAmatAprasAda - alIgaMja (eTA) kAdambinI (mAsika) - dillI jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka - ahamadAbAda, 3/6 jainasiddhAMta bhAskara - ArA, bihAra dainika jAgaraNa (dillI) dinAMka 28/6/2001 navanIta (bambaI) navambara 1655 prAkRta-vidyA (dillI) sAhitya sandeza (AgarA) disambara 1656

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zrI zravaNabelagolA sthita dhavalagiri kA candragiri se liyA gayA eka vihaMgama dRshy|