Bharatma Murtipujani Vibhavna ane Murti Vidhanna Lakshano

Author(s): J P Amin
Publisher: University Granthnirman Board
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/023337/1

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bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNo : lekhaka : je. pI. amIna ema. e., elaela. bI., pIeca.DI. ema. e., ela. esa. jI. DI., adhyakSa bhAratIya saMskRti vibhAga zrI. ra. pA. ArTasa, ke. bu. kemasa ane zrImatI bI. sI. je. sAyansa koleja khaMbhAta dvArikA. yunivarsiTI graMtha nirmANa borDa- gujarAta rAjyanA

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bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNo : lekhaka : - ke. je. pI. amIna ema. e., elaela. bI., pIeca.DI. ema. e., ela. esa. jI. DI. adhyakSa bhAratIya saMskRti vibhAga zrI. ra. pA. ArTasa, ke. bu. kema ane zrImatI bI. sI. je. sAyansa keleja khaMbhAta adAthI yunivarsiTI graMthanirmANa borDa gujarAta rAjya, amadAvAda-6

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The Concept of Idol-Worship in India and Salient Features of Indian Iconography by Dr. J. P. Amin : prakAzaka : je. bI. seDila asakSa yunivasi+TI graMtha nirmANu khADa, gujarAta rAjya, amadAvAda-380 006 (C) yunivasi+DhI graMtha nirmANu kheADa prathama AvRtti : 1982 nala : 1100 ki`mata : rU.1=00 "Published by the University Book Production Board, Gujarat State, under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Production of Books and Literature in Regional Languages at the University level, of the Government of India in the Ministry of Education and Social Welfare (Department of Culture), New Delhi.' * mudraka : rAjubhAI sI. zAha kenieka prinTasa mAmunAyakanI pALa, gAMdhIrADa, amadAvAda-1

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prakAzakanuM purovacana ucca keLavaNInuM mAdhyama mAtRbhASA bane e mATe yunivarsiTI kakSAe pratyeka vidyAzAkhA mATe vipula graMthasAmagrI taiyAra thavI joIe. A hetuthI kendra sarakAre Arthika sahAya ApIne prAdezika bhASAomAM yunivarsiTI kakSAnAM pustake ane sAhitya prakAzita karavAnI yejanA ghaDI ane tene sAkAra karavA mATe 1970mAM A borDa racavAmAM AvyuM. kendra sarakAra taraphathI A kArya mATe maLatI anudAne uparAMta eprila 1, 17thI A pejanAmAM rAjya sarakAre paNa amuka anudAna ApavAnuM svIkAryuM che. ' A yojanAmAM rAjyanI yunivarsiTIonA prAdhyApake ane anya vidvAno dvArA yunivarsiTI kakSAnA abhyAsakramane AvarI letAM pAThyapustake ane saMdarbha graMtha prakAzita karavAmAM AvyA che ane e kArya haju vaNathaMbhya cAlu ja che. A yojanA anusAra gujarAta rAjyanI yunivarsiTIomAM vinayana vidyAzAkhAnA ItihAsa ane bhAratIya saMskRti viSayanA vidyArthIone suyogya gujarAtI gra ApavAnI vyavasthAmAM "bhAratamAM mUrtipUjanI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe' pustaka prakAzita karatAM AnaMda anubhavuM chuM. e AnaMdamAM ume e vAte thAya che ke pustakanA lekhaka ke. je. pI. amIna A viSayanA jJAtA che ane emaNe pitAnAM jJAna ane anubhavano lAbha vidyAthIone ApavAnuM svIkAryuM che. A pustakanuM parAmarzana karavA badala Do. pI. sI. parIkhano AbhAra mAnuM chuM. A graMtha ekalA vidyArthIone ja nahIM paNa A viSayamAM rasa letA badhA ja abhyAsIo ane jijJAsuone paNa khUba ja upayogI nIvaDe ema che ane e badhAMne AvakAra A graMtha pAmaze evI hArdika apekSA che. yunivarsiTI graMtha nirmANa beDa, gujarAta rAjya, amadAvAdaphebruArI, 1982 je. bI. seMDila adhyakSa

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prastAvanA bhArata dharmaprANa deza che, ane emAM mUrtipUjAnuM viziSTa mahatva dharAve che. eTale pUjana mATenI mUtio banAvavA mATenA viziSTa siddhAMta ghaDAyA che ane mUtividhAna bahudhA e siddhAMta carcatAM zAstrone AdhAre thAya che. prastuta pustikAmAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane prAcInatA, mUtividhAnanI kalA ane tenI carcA karatAM zAstro, sAMskRtika ItihAsanA sAdhana tarIke mUtividhAnanuM mahatva, mUtividhAna mATenA padArtho ane enI paddhatio, mUtionAM dehamAna, aMgaupAMga, dehabhUSA, Ayudha, upakaraNe, vAhano,vagerenI saMkSepamAM carcA karavAmAM AvI che ane aMte mUtividhAna mATenI uttara bhAratIya ane dakSiNa bhAratIya paraMparAo vacceno bheda darzAvatuM pariziSTa ApyuM che. lakhANanA spaSTIkaraNamAM ati Avazyaka citrAMkane paNa ApyAM che. chelle vidyAthIo ane jijJAsuone upayogI thAya te mATe saMkSipta saMdarbhagraMthasUci ApI che. bhAratIya saMskRti viSayanA anusnAtaka vidyArthIo mATe hiMdu matividhAna, bauddha bhUtividhAna, ane jaina "matividhAna" nAmanAM traNa alaga pustake pragaTa thayAM che. e graMthamAM nahivata ke saMkSepamAM AvatA keTalAka muddAone A pustikAmAM vistArathI rajU karyA che. AthI uparyukta traNa graMtha sAthe aMkeDArUpe A pustikA sAmela thatAM bhAratIya saMskRtinA vidyAthIo uparAMta jijJAsuone paNa A pustikA upayogI nIvaDaze. A pustikA taiyAra karavAmAM salAhasUcana ane jarUrI mAhitI pUrI pADavA mATe bhe. je. vidyAbhavananA Di. hariprasAda zAstrI temaja De. bhAratIbena zelatane, khaMbhAta kelejanA che. sI. ema. desAIne ane pustikAnuM parAmarzana karI prakAzanakSama karI ApavA mATe bhe. je. vidyAbhavananA adhyakSa ane A graMthanA parAmazaka zrI. DaoN. pravINabhAI parIkhane hArdika AbhAra mAnuM chuM. A pustikAnA lekhananI kAmagIrI mane soMpavA balada huM yunivarsiTI graMtha nirmANa borDa ane tenA adhyakSa zrI seDila sAhebano AbhArI chuM. khaMbhAta je. pI. amIna ke vatana : saMDera, tA. pATaNa, ji. mahesANA bhAratIya saMskRti vibhAga makara saMkrAMti, vi. saM. 2038 Arsa, kemarsa-sAyansa koleja (tA. 14-1-1982) khaMbhAta adhyakSa

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anukramaNikA 35 prakaraNa 1 mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane prAcInatA (a) vibhAvanA (A) prAcInatA pariziSTa : judA judA dharmomAM mUrtipUjAnuM svarUpa prakaraNa 2 mUrtividhAna : kalA ane zAstra (a) kalA (A) zilpa-sAhitya (I) sAMskRtika ItihAsanA sAdhana tarIke matividhAnanuM mahatva (I) mUrtividhAnanA abhyAsanAM sAdhana prakaraNa 3 mUtividhAna mATenA padArtho ane paddhatio (a) pASANu (a) dhAtu () mRttikA (I) kASTha prakaraNa 4 mRtividhAna : dehamAna ane aMgaupAMga (a) mUrtinA prakAre (A) tAlamAna (I) Asana (6) aMgabhaMgIo (u) muddAo

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prakaraNa 5 mUti'vidhAna dattubhUSA, Ayudho, upakaraNA, vAhanA, vagere (a) vastraparidhAna (A) alakArA (4) kezabhUSA (I) AyudhA, upakaraNA, vAdyo vAhanA (U) pIThikA (R) mUti emAM bhAvadazana pariziSTa mUrtividhAnaH kalA-paraparA ane zailIe sauMdarbha graMthAnI sUci paribhASA citronA paTTa paTTa 1. tAlamAna (navatAla mUrti) paTTa 2. smRti enAM agabhaga ane AsanA paTTa 3. devabhUti enI mudrAo paTTa 4. devamUrtinA alakAra paTTa 5. devamUti enAM AyudhA ane upakaraNa pa 7. 80 81 47 50 55 } Fe

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prakaraNa 1. mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane prAcInatA (A vibhAvanA samagra mAnavajAtine prathama ane prAthamika dhama prakRtivAda (Naturalism) hatA. eTale svabhAvika rIte ja mAnavInI pUjAnuM prathama kendra prakRti banI. jagatanA sAhityamAM sau prathama prakRtipUjA azvedanI RcAomAM nihALAya che. prAcInakALanA Arya RSimunio naisargika jIvana jIvatA hatA. nisarga (kudarata) ja emane preraNA strota ane parama guru hatI. naisargika jIvana jIvavAne kAraNe tathA nisarga emane preraNAstrota hovAne kAraNe emanAM aMtaHkaraNa sadA sarvadA nirvAsanika, nirvikArI ane niraMjana ( vizuddha) rahetAM. emanA zvAsa prambhavAsamAM, hRdayanA dhabakArAmAM ane rudhiranA paribhramaNanA pratyeka thaDakAramAM naisargikatA nihALAtI hatI. emano samagra kALa nisarganI arthAt prakRtinI punita gAdamAM pasAra thato hato. eTale nitya nihALAtAM prakRtinAM vividha nayanaramya ta jevAM ke uSA, sUrya, caMdra, tArA, AkAza, parjanya, vAyu, saritA, sAgara, pahADa, vRkSa, vanarAji, Adi emanA ArAdhya deva banyAM. UThatAnI sAthe Akhe. AgaLa AkArita thatuM aphATa AkAzamaMDaLa ane emAM camakate caMdra, TamaTama thatA tArA, prakAzita thatA sUya, AnaMdavibhora karatAM uSAnAM vividha nayanaramya da, jharamara jharamara thatI vaSa, zItaLatA verato vAyu temaja avani para nihALAtAM saritA, sAgara, pahADa, vRkSa, vanarAja Adi emanAM AMtaramanamAM AtmasAta thavA lAgyAM. pahADa, parvata ane girikaMdarAo parathI khaLakhaLa vahetI saritAnA vaheNamAM saMbhaLAtuM sumadhura saMgIta, tathA vanavRkSa, vanarAjinI zAkhAprazAkhAnAM parNo sAthe ahaniza thatA pavana devatAnA prema-sapanA pariNAme niSpanna thatA sumadhura ninAda, Arya--RSionA AMtara manane AlAdita karI

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2 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe AzcaryAnaMdamAM DubADI detAM. eTale to teo nisarganI vividha zaktionA upAsaka banyA. prakRti mAnavInI mahA-mAtA che. A ja prakRti mAnavInA dainika jIvanamAM aneka rIte upayogI thaI AzIrvAdarUpa banI hatI. vRkSonI zItaLa chAyA, enI zAkhA ane prazAkhAo ane parNo dvArA nirmANa thatI parNakuTira vagere Azrama sthAne, saritAnA nirmaLa nIranuM jalapAna, snAna tathA kRSi AdimAM upayogitA, pahADa-parvata AdinI guphAomAM surakSita nivAsa, ge-dudha tathA enA vAcharaDA-baLada vagerenI kRSi-kAryamAM anivAryatA, sUrya, caMdra vagere dvArA prakAza piSaNa ane prasannatA vagere anekavidha prakAranI upayogitA prAcIna kALanA RSione manamAM vasI eTale teo upakRta bhAvathI paNa prakRtinA pUjaka banyA. Ama, prakRtinAM vividha tAmAM rahela aspaSTa ane agamya zakti tarapha mAnavI bhIti-bhAvanA, bhakti-bhAvanA ke samarpaNa-bhAvanAthI, koIne koI padArtha ne A adaSTa zaktinI pratikRti ke pratinidhirUpe svIkArI, Azcayavat ahobhAvathI ene prati aMtaranAM bhAva-puSpa caDAvavA lAgyA. A bhAvanA pUjAnA nAme oLakhAI. pUjAmAM paNa yajJa-yAganI bhAvanA samAI. je rIte deva-yajJamAM ke yajJayAgamAM deva-vizeSa prati dUdha, dahIM, ghI dhana-dhAnya Adi vividha dravyonI AhUti ApavAmAM Ave che, te rIte pUjAmAM paNa keI ne kaI devavizeSa prati puSpa, phaLa, candana, akSata, vastra vagere samarpita karavAnuM abhipreta che. pUjA zabdane A artha pUjA-paraMparAnAM ativikasita svarUpane ghAtaka che. nivikalpa samAdhinI pAramArthika sattAmAM AtmasAta thatuM sva svarUpa Atma tatva - caitanyasata, cita, AnaMda, akhaMDa avinAzI, niraMjana, nirAkAra, nilepa, hovA chatAM vyutthAna avasthAnI vyAvahArika sattAmAM nihALatAM anekavidha nayanaramya naisargika tatvo ane emAM otaprota rahI enI utpatti, sthiti ane layamAM tAlamaya rahela agamya adazya zakti emanA ArAdhya deva banyAM. emaNe emanA hadayamAM ramamANa naisargika tattvonA A divya bhAvone prajJA dvArA praphUTa kavitva zaktinA baLe zabdomAM-cAomAM AkArita karyA. A zabda-citra eTaluM badhuM hUbahU, aMga upAMgeyukta ane divyatAthI dedIpyamAna hatuM ke, citrakAro ene raMga ane rekhAomAM ramatuM karavA lalacAyA ane zipIo mRttakA, kASTha, paththara jevA ghana padArthomAM kaMDAravA AkarSAyA. devadevInAM A varNane pratIka svarUpe mRttikA, kASTha ane pASANamAM pratyakSa thayAM. Ama A amUrta-bhAvo ghana padArthomAM mUrta thayA ane eNe pAchaLathI mUrtinuM svarUpa dhAraNa karyuM. jate divase

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mRtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane prAcInatA mUrtimAM je te devadevIonI prANapratiSThA karavAmAM AvI. pariNAme A mUrti je te deva-devInA nAme oLakhAvA lAgI ane sAmAnya matinA mANasoe enI pUjA zarU karI. ApaNe tyAM "mUti" nA paryAya rUpe "pratimA" zabda vaparAya che. hinduo "pratimAM" zabda aMgrejI bhASAmAM (Idol) bAvalAnA arthamAM vAparatA nathI. Idol haMmezAM kheTA deva mATe vaparAya che. mUti zabda pratimAnA paryAya jevo che. mUrtipUjAnA kAraNe mUrti mATenA be vicAre prAcIna samayamAM yuropamAM pravartatA hatA. prathama mUrtine citra tarIke gaNatA. abhaNa mAnavIo mATe pavitra citro ane "bAvalA"e leTina carcamAM vaparAtA ane teo jIsasa saint (saMta) nA ItihAsamAM rasa dharAvatA. bIjuM "Doll" pUtaLAM ke devI asaravALI Idol manAtI. AnI sAthe hindu vicAranuM sAmya jaNAya che. saMskRtamAM pratimA eTale tulyatA, sAmya, ramya AkAra athavA pratibiMba. A badhA zabdano artha pratimA je ja thAya che. hindu pratimAnA daivI sattvanuM sAmya ja mAnyuM che. hinduonA ucca tattvajJAnamAM devane nirguNa brahma kahyA che. A bhAva AdhyAtmika kakSAe pahoMcyA pachI satya jaNAya che, paraMtu sAmAnya pUjA mATe te yogya nathI. tethI te kakSAnI samaja mATe devane saguNa kahyA che ane teja vizvanA sarjaka saMvardhaka(paSaka) ane saMhAraka che. AthI devane mAnava AkAranA banAvavAmAM AvyA che. hinduo devanuM AhUvAna amuka pratimA ke je te deva mATe khAsa taiyAra karavAmAM AvI che, temAM AvIne devane vAsA karavA vinaMtI kare che. AvA prakAranA AhavAna mATe zAstrIya niyamo ane maMtra che. te mATenI vidhine prANa pratiSThA kahevAmAM Ave che. Ane devanA nivAsa mATenA adhiSThAna ke adhivAsanI vidhi kahevAmAM Ave che. | bhAratanA mahAna vicArake mUrtimAM devanuM pratibiMba mAne che chatAM prArthanAmAM teo mAne che ke mALIyAna mato mIyAna. A vicAranI pAchaLano bhAva e che ke mUrtipUjA vakhate ke tene mUrti sivAya bIjuM kaMI gaNatA nathI. tenI pAchaLanI philasUphI ema batAve che ke manuSyane jIva deva sAthe tAdA mya anubhave che; paNa dhIredhIre mAnava A akayano bhAva bhUlI gayo che. A bhUlI javAnI prakriyAne "mAyA" zabdathI oLakhavAmAM Ave che ane tethI AdhyAtmika rIte mAnava AtmA ane paramAtmA vacce meTuM aMtara raheluM che. AthI pratimA bhakta ane bhagavAna vaccenuM aMtara ghaTADavAmAM madadarUpa bane

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bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe che. mUrtipUjA bhAratanAM zilpanA vikAsamAM upayogI che. tevI ja rIte devanI pUjA mATenI pratIke pAsanA" bhAratIya tatvajJAna pramANe che. jemake, hinduoe sUrya, pRthvI, graho, nadIo vagerene denAM pratIka tarIke svIkAryA che ane teo tarapha pitAne pUjayabhAva darzAvela che. A uparAMta teoe paththare ane devanA pratIka tarIke liMgane paNa svIkAryuM che. yajJa paNa eka prakAranuM pratIka che. banne prakAro eka sAthe bhAratamAM pracAramAM rahyA, vedanA pratIka tarIke "oma" paNa mUrtipUjAnI sAthe sAthe pracAramAM rahyuM. pUjA, arcA ane arcane anyAzraya saMbaMdha che. A arcA-devapUjA vibhinna yugamAM bhinna bhinna rUpa dhAraNa karatI rahI. pUjA-paraMparAnA vikAsakramanI daSTie mukhyatve pAMca se pAna jovA maLe che: 1. stuti, 2. Ahuti, 3, iyAna athavA ciMtana, 4. yoga ane pa. upacAra, RgredamAM devapUjA stutipradhAna hatI. yajurveda vagere uttara vedika (brAhmaNa graMthe, sUtragraMtha, vagere)mAM deva-pUjA AhutipradhAna (yajJa-yAga agnihotra ItyAdi) hatI. Aja pUjA AraNyake ane upaniSadomAM ciMtana pradhAna (dhyAnapradhAna) banI gaI. A dhyAna paraMparAmAMthI yoga-pradhAna pUjA pracalita thaI je mahaddaaMze darzanayugamAM cittavRtti-nirodha ane mokSanuM sAmAnya sAdhana manAyuM. kAlAMtare paurANika paraMparAmAM A pUjA upacArapradhAna banI. emAM paNa vayaktika ane sAmUhika ema be prakAranI upacAra-pUjA jovA maLe che. emAM sAmUhika pUjAnA vikAsamAM A dezamAM tIrthasthAnanuM nirmANa tathA gaMgA-snAna, kIrtana, tIrthayAtrA, maMdira-nirmANa vagerenI bhAvanA zarU thaI. (A) prAcInatA : upalabdha purAvAone AdhAre kahI zakAya ke bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnuM astitva vedakAlathI paNa prAcIna hatuM. prAka vedika haDappIya sabhyatA (I. sa. pUrve 2500 thI I. sa. pUrve 1500)mAMthI maLI AvelA Adya pazupati, mAtR-devI temaja liMga pUjAnA pratIka samAna liMga vagerenI pratimAo parathI bhAratamAM vedakALa pahelAM mUrtipUjA pracalita hevAnuM anumAna karI zakAya. anya pramANene AdhAre enI prAcInatA paNa spaSTataH pratIta thAya che : (1) sAhityika ane (2) purAtatvIya ema be prakAranAM pramANone AdhAre bhAratIya mUrtipUjAnI prAcInatA vaijJAnika rIte siddha karI zakAya che.

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mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane prAcInatA sAhityika pramANe ? upalabdha sAhityamAM prAcInatama sAhitya tarIke vedone svIkAravAmAM Ave che. vaidika saMhitAomAM bhautika sAmagrImAMthI banAvela zilpanA ullekha maLe che. paraMtu haju sudhI veda saMhitAonA kAla (Azare I. sa. pUrve 1500 thI 1000)nA koI namUnA upalabdha thayA nathI. prAcInatama veda RgredamAM "rUpazi95)-nimaNanA ghaNA ullekha Ave che. bhAratIya zilpa sthApatyanA mukhya praNetA "vizavakama" nAme oLakhAyA che. bhavana-prAsAdenuM teo nirmANa kare che. kadamAM teo tethI "bhauvana-vizvakarmA kahevAyA che. teo ja rU5-nirmANanuM kAma karanAra "tvaSTA" tarIke oLakhAyA che. takSaNakArya (kotarakAma) dvArA vividha rUponuM nirmANa kare che. Indrane paNa "tvaSTA" tarIke oLakhAvyA che. temanA saMbaMdhamAM kahyuM che ke teo pitAnI mAyA(zakti) vaDe aneka rUpanuM nirmANa kare che. "vadha ki" kASTha-zilpI che. karmAra-luhArane paNa vedamAM ullekha che. A dhaMdhAkIya zreNIonA ullekhe vedanA samayamAM vikAsa pAmelI zilpa-kalAne khyAla Ape che. kalA ane udyoga mATe te samaye zilpa" zabda pracAramAM hato. saundaryanI adhiSThAtrI devI "zrI" nAme oLakhAtI. enI sakhI hatI "lakSmI'. e banne maLIne je devInuM svarUpa vikAsa pAmyuM te "zrI-lakSmI'. A devI bhAratIya kalAnA mUrta saundaryanI adhiSThAtrI hatI. A devInI pUjA ane mAnatA vaidika yugathI Aja sudhI cAlu rahela che. padmahastA pavinI ke gajalakSmI rUpe e Aje dIpAvalInA avasara para pUjAya che. mUrtinA ullekha RgavedamAM avAranavAra thayA che. dA. ta., A mArA indrane daza gAyothI koNa kharIdaze ? (4, 24, 10). Indra, huM tamane moTI kiMmatathI paNa nahi ApuM (vecuM), bhale keAI so, hajAra ke daza hajAra kema na Ape ? (8, 1, 5), A parathI indranI mUrti banatI hovAnI saMbhAvanA jaNAya che. Indra maruta vagerenI mUrti pUjA mATe nahIM paNa utsavamAM viziSTa prayojana mATe banatI haze. mUrti banAvavAnI prakriyA jANatI hovAnuM jaNAya che. dA. ta., "je virUpa ghana padArtha che, temAMthI suMdara mUrti banAvo" (RvedamAM 4, 28, 5; atharvaveda 4, 27, 6). suMdara rIte ghaDAyelI mUtine "saMdeza" kahevAmAM AvatI. "na saMdaze titi rUpa gaNya na vakruSA gharathati naina (enuM rUpa keIpaNa mUrtinA kSetramAM raheluM nathI, teno AkAra skUla cakSuthI kAIpaNa

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6 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe jaI na zake). A ane anya AvA ullekhe (R.mAM 2, 4, 4 vagere) parathI "saMdeza" suMdara rIte ghaDAyelI mUrtinA arthamAM vaparAyela lAge che. zukala yajurvedanI vAjasaneyI saMhitAmAM mati vize ghaNA ulekhe che. temAMnA eka ulekhamAM sUryadevane hiraNyapANi ( arthAta jenA hAtha suvarNanA che) kahevAmAM Avela che. temAM batAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke sUryanA hAtha mUrti bhaMjaka rAkSase teDI nAkhyA hatA. tethI devoe temane suvarNanA hAtha ApyA. A uparAMta A saMhitAmAM bIjA keTalAka ullekha che je batAve che ke vedanA samayamAM mUtienuM astitva hatuM. jema ke, agninuM zarIra lekhaMDa, cAMdI ke senAnuM hatuM. vAhaka agnine laI jatA hatA. divasa ane rAta-devone suMdara zilpa hatAM. kASTha ketarakAma" karanAra mutine suMdara banAve che, vagere. kRSNa yajurveda athavA taittirIya saMhitAmAMthI mUtionA spaSTa ullekha maLe che. yajJamAM mUrtine upayoga thato hovAnuM A saMhitAmAMthI jANavA maLe che. dA. ta., "te suvarNa--mAnava yajJane Teko ApavA mUke che." A devanuM maMdira che. vagere. kAThaka saMhitAmAM "devala" zabda je RSi mUrtiomAMthI kamANI karate. hoya te arthamAM vaparAyele che. - atharvaveda saMhitAmAM to mUtionA ullekha uparAMta maMdiranI sthApanAnI nedha paNa maLe che. brAhmaNa graMthamAMthI sUryapUjAne lagatA yajJayAgAdinA vidhimAM cakra ke suvarNanA TukaDA sUryanA pratIka tarIke pUjAtA hovAnuM jANavA maLe che. zatapatha brAhmaNa puruSanI suvarNa pratimA banAvavAnI sUcanA vistArathI Ape che. uparAMta A zatapatha brAhmaNamAM kAladeva, rAtridevI vagerenI mUtio ITo upara kotaravAnA ulekhe paNa maLe che. SaviMza brAhmaNamAM "deva maMdire pUje che, devanI mUrti e. hase che, raDe che, cIso pADe che jenI noMdha jovAmAM Ave che. "devAnA. cara" jevA ullekhe paMcaviza brAhmaNamAM che. RgvadanA sAMkhyayana brAhmaNamAM mRtione chUTA chavAyA ullekha che. dA. ta., sUryanI mUrtinA hAtha khaMDita thaI gayA che. teonA hAtha suvarNanA banAvelA che." vagere ullekhe upalabdha thAya che. kRSNa yajurvedanA taittirIya brAhmaNamAM mUrtionA keTalAka ullekha che. jemake devonI sanmukha uddagAtA hoya che, agni rathamAM che, A devo rathamAM che. hatAne uSAnI be mUtionI pUjA karavA do. sarasvatI, IDA ane bhAratInI traNa mUrtie suvarNanI banAvelI traNa devIo, vividha mUtionA zilpI tvaSTA A badhA devatAo yajamAnanA zreya mATe rathamAM mUkelA che.

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mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane prAcInatA taittirIya AraNyakamAM mUrtionA ghaNA ullekha maLe che. dA. ta., 1. ddhane sapheda vastro hoya che. 2, devanAM vastro pILA raMganAM vAparavAM 8. kazyapanI kalAmAM sAta se rajU karelA che. 4. "vizavakarmA sUyamUtie tamane Ape. 5. "vaSTA tamane mUtie Ape.' 6. "vidvAna tvaSTA mUrtio banAvanAra che. 7. "tame ja mUrti che" vagere. atareya AraNyakamAM paNa AvA keTalAka ullekha maLe che, jema ke meM indradevanuM zarIra banAvyuM vagere. sUtra-sAhityamAM devanI mUtionA spaSTa ullekha maLe che. mahasUtro ane zrotasUtromAM mUrtinI sthApanA mUti mATe maMdira vagerene lagatA spaSTa ulekha jovA maLe che, jenA parathI pratIta thAya che ke A samaye mUrtipUjAne pracAra sarva sAmAnya haze. baudhAyana pAtramAM viSNu mahApuruSa, vinAyaka (gaNeza), yama vagerenA ullekha maLI Ave che. jenA parathI pratIta thAya che ke A samaye vividha devAnI pUjA thatI haze. A uparAMta A avasUtramAM suvarNamUtio ane grAmya devatAonA paNa ullekha che, jenA parathI pratIta thAya che ke te samaye suvarNanI pratimAo paNa banatI haze. atharvavedanA kauzikasUtramAM devone nRtya karatA, paDI, jatA, hasatA ane gAtA hovAnA ulekha avAranavAra maLe che. AzvalAyana gRhasUtramAM paNa mUrtipUjAnA ullekha che. emAM gRhadevatA ane vAstudevatAnA spaSTa ullekha maLe che. uparAMta AmAM gRha pariziSTamAM grahanI mUtio ane enI nirmANa sAmagrInAM dravyanI nodha che. manamRtimAM mUtionA ghaNA ulekhe maLI Ave che. emAM jaNAvyuM che ke brahmacArInI ghaNu pharajomAMnI eka pharaja devanI mUrtinI pUjA karavAnI che. devalaka athavA nIcI kakSAnA brAhmaNanI nedha che ke te mUtione Apela balidAnathI(devadravyathI pitAnuM jIvana nibhAvato hato. manue mUrtinI pradakSiNA karavAnA niyamo ApyA che. uparAMta tenA paDachAyAne oLaMgavAnA ane tenI hAjarImAM levAnI pratijJA vagere paNa jaNAvyAM che. tevI ja rIte bhUminI chata mATenA niyamo ane temAMnA ekamAM mUrtionI pUnA niyame ApyA che. manunA samayamAM bIjI cIjonI sAthe be jamIna vaccenI sImA batAvavA mATe devanA maMdirano upayoga sImA rekhA tarIke thatA te batAvyuM che. tevI ja rIte mUti teDavAne moTo gune hate. gautama dharmasUtra jaNAve che ke, devanA maMdiranI pradakSiNA karavI joIe tathA devanI mUtio saMmukha keIpaNa prakAranuM aniSTa * * *

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8 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe karavuM nahIM. uparAMta temAM jaNAvela che ke, je kaI zarIra upara zAligrAmanI prasAdInuM caMdana ke kumakuma lagADe che te mekSa meLave che. Apastamba dharmasUtramAM paNa mUrti pUjAne lagatA lagabhaga AvA ja ullekha maLe che. emAM jaNAvela che ke, denA saMmukha kaI paNa prakAranuM gaMdu kArya karavuM nahIM temaja agni, brAhmaNa, deva, vagerenI tarapha pitAnA paga laMbAvIne besavuM nahIM. A badhA ulekhe parathI spaSTapaNe pratIta thAya che ke A samaye mUrtipUjA thatI hatI. - prAcIna vyAkaraNAcAryomAM sUtrakAra pANini tathA mahAbhASyakAra pataMjalinA nAmo vizeSa jANItA che. pANininA aSTAdhyAyImAM pratimA-pUjAnA ghaNe ullekha maLe che. pataMjaline samaya I. sa. pUrve 5 mA zataka pahelAno (lagabhaga I. sa. pUrve 800)no manAya che. pANini aSTAdhyAyImAM nIcenAM sUtromAM pratimApUjAne saMketa che. (1) navi pi -vaMyama rU. 26 (2) matti: ratu. rU. 16 (3) vAsudevANunAkhyAM gurja tu. rU. 18 (4) mahaRISA hen. tRtI. 4, 22 (5) re pratikRtau- uttama rU. 16 pANinisUtronA mahAna TIkAkAra pataMjali eka sUtranI racanA karatAM nedhe che ke vAsudeva, ziva, skanda, viSaNu ane Aditya vagere zabdo devanI mUrtio mATe vaparAyA che. enA bIjA sUtramAM kAzyapanI mUtionA ullekha che. uparAMta hAthamAM lehanA bhAlA rAkhIne ziva bhagavAnanA anuyAyIo mRdaMga, zaMkha, vagADatA vagere mAhitI AmAMthI prApta thAya che. A parathI pratIta thAya che ke, hiMdu trimUrtinA mukhya devo atyAranI jema te te samaye paNa pracalita hatA. pANininA sUtra 4-1, 5-4nI samajUti ApatAM pataMjali mUtionAM mukha, nAka vagerene lagatA ullekhe Ape che. prAcIna bhAratamAM mUrtionI pUjA sAmAnya rIte thatI hatI tema arthazAstranA uomAMthI jANI zakAya che. arthazAstramAM mukhya devenI neMdha Ave che. emAMthI jANavA maLe che ke "zaheranI madhyamAM" aparAjita, apratihata, jayaMta, vaijayaMta, ziva, zravaNa, azivana (divya udyo) vagere devonuM nivAsa sthAna haze, temaja jamInanA kaNamAM vAstudevatA yaMgya rIte mUkelA haze. tevI

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mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane prAcInatA ja rIte mukhya daravAjAo jevA ke, brahmA, anna, yAmya, senApatya banAvavAmAM Avaze ane 100 dhanuSanA aMtare pUjAsthAnake, dharmazALAo ane makAne baMdhAze. dareka dizAmAM tene yogya dipAle mUkavAmAM Avaze. mahAbhAratamAM mUrtionA vipula ullekha maLI Ave che, keTalAMka prakaraNe pavitra sthAnakonI yAtrAonI mAtra vigata Ape che. emAM bhImA, trizUlapANi, kAmAkhyA, vAmana, Aditya, sarasvatI, dhUmAvatI, bhadrakaNezvara, kAlikA, caMdra vagerenI mUrtionA ullekha che. mahAbhAratane bhImanI le khaMDanI pratimA banAvyAne prasaMga ekadama jANIto che. eja rIte guru droNAcAryanI pratimA banAvIne mUka bhakta ekalavye enI ananyabhAve pUjA-upAsanA karI, e dvArA dhanurvidyA prApta karyAne mahAbhAratane prasaMge guru-bhakti mATe gauravarUpa gaNAya che. eja rIte rAmAyaNamAM mUrtipUjAnA aneka ullekha maLI Ave che. purAvazeSIya pramANe uparyukta pANininA sUtro, brAhmaNagraMthe, vageremAM devanI mUrtionA spaSTa ullekho che tethI ema kahI zakAya ke A graMthanI pahelAM paNa mUrtione vikAsa thayo hato. A matane samarthana ApatAM aneka purAtatvIya pramANe prApta thayAM che. ' harappIya sabhyAtAmAMthI prApta thayela mudrAo bhAratanI mUrtipUjAnI prAcInatAne cheka I.sa. pUrve 2500 sudhI arthAta Ava-etihAsika kAla sudhI laI jAya che. mudrAo paranAM rekhAMkano bIbAmAM batAvIne upasAvelAM che, jyAre mudrAMke paranA AkAre UMDA katarelA jovA maLe che. mudrAomAM pazupati svarUpanI Aziva tarIke oLakhAtI traNa mudrAo. viziSTa che. A mudrAo paranAM traNa rekhAMkanamAM devatAnA je AkAra AlekhavAmAM AvyA che te anukAlIna mahAdevanA svarUpa sAthe ghaNuM sAmya dharAve che. A prakAranI mudrAomAM je traNa rekhAMkane jovA maLe che temAMnA eka dakSiNabhimukha, eka saMmukha ane eka vAmAbhimukha ema kula traNa mukha AlekhyAM che, jyAre trIjA rekhAMkanamAM mAtra eka dakSiNAlimukha batAvyuM che. ekamAM e deva bhUmi para beThelA che. jayAre bIjA bemAM e bAjaTha para beThelA che, jemAMnAM ekanA pAyA vRSabhAkAre ghaDavAmAM AvyA che. traNeyamAM e deva yegAsanamAM beThelA

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>> bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe che. temAM baMne paganI pAnI ekabIjAne aDoaDa lAvIne enA cApAM nIcAM rAkhyAM che. baMne hAtha DhIMcaNa upara TekavelA che. AkhA hAthamAM kaDAM ane kallIo paherelI che. eka rekhAMkanamAM devanA kaMThamAM hArAvalI paherAvelI che. kaTimekhalA paNa che ane nIcenA bhAgamAM Urdhvazirana AlekhAyeluM che. mAthA paranA veSTanamAM vacce maMjarInuM cheguM kheseluM che. enI baMne bAjue be zIMgaDAM che. eka mukhavALA AkAramAM pAchaLa laTone lAMbe jUTa laTake che. be rekhAMkanamAM devane ekalA AlekhyA che, paraMtu trIjA rekhAMkanamAM emanI AsapAsa pazuono parivAra che. uparanAM traNeya rekhAMkanonAM lakSaNe uttarakAlIna zivasvarUpa jevAM jaNAya che. strI dehanA AkAranI mATImAMthI banAvela bhAre ziraSTanavALI pUtaLIo mAtRdevInI hoya ema manAya che. mehe-jo-daDonI eka mudrA paranA rekhAMkanamAM eka devIne pIpaLAnA thaDanI be DALIo vacce UbhelI AlekhavAmAM AvI che. emAM enA mAthA para be ziMgaDAM che. A AkRti kei mukhya devInI hoya tema lAge che. haDappAnI eka muddA paranA rekhAMkanamAM enI nimAMthI vRkSane aMkura phUTato batAvyo che. e parathI paNa A derInA vanaspati sAthenA saMbaMdhanI pratIti thAya che. haDappA sabhyatAmAM manuSyAkAra devanI upAsanAnI sAthe sAthe pazu, pakSI ke narapazu ane narapakSInAM mizcita svarUpanI upAsanA pracalita hoya tema jaNAya che. moheM-jo-daDonI eka muddA paranA rekhAMkanamAMthI vRSabhanA paga, pucha ane ziMgaDA dharAvatI manuSpAkAra vyakti spaSTataH deva svarUpanI dyotaka che. bIjI eka mudrAmAM A devane ziMgaDAvALA vAgha sAthe laThate darzAvyo che. bIjI traNa mudrAo paranA rekhAMkanamAM Avo koI vIrapurUSa be hAthe vAgha para pitAnuM jora ajamAvI rahyo che. AvAM Alekhane pAchaLa dhAmika hetu ja rahele jaNAya che. mudrAo ane tAvIje paranAM rekhAMkanamAM khAsa karIne pazuAkRtio. ApavAmAM AvI che. AmAM ekathaMgI vRSabhanI chApa sauthI vadhu jovAmAM Ave che. tenA moM nIce haMmezA dhUpadAnI jevuM pAtra mUkeluM hoya che. A ekazRMgI vRSabha kaMI mukhya devanuM svarUpa hoya tema jaNAya che. A uparAMta muddAonI rekhAMkamAM ApelAM pazuo-khAMdha vagarane sAMDha, khAMdhavALA sAMDha, hAthI, vAla, geMDA, pADe, bakaro, haraNa vagere pazuo paNa devI svarUpanAM

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mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane prAcInatA manAtA hevAnuM anumAna karI zakAya. mizrita prANIo paNa dhArmika svarUpanAM che. mANasanI mekaLAvALo eka vRkSa devatA sAthe saMkaLAyelo jaNAya che. pazu svarUpavALA AvA badhA devo sUryadevanAM ja vividha svarUpe hovAnuM manAya che. nAgadevane AkAra meMhe-jo-daDonI be muddAo para aMkita thayela che. A uparAMta keTalAMka rUpAMkanamAM svastikanI AkRti paNa dekhA de che je tatkAlIna dhama sAthe saMkaLAyelI hovAnuM jaNAya che. Ama haDappIya sabhyatAmAMthI prApta mudrAo bhAratIya mUrtipUjAnI prAcInatAne I.sa. pU. 2500 jeTalI to laI jAya che. prApta sikkAo upara aMkita thayelA viziSTa cihno paNa bhAratIya mUrtipUjAnI prAcInatAne chatI kare che. dA. ta. zarasenanA sikkAo para lakSmInI AkRti aMkita thayelI che. kesala, avaMti, vatsa, vagere janapada rAjAnA sikkAo. paranuM naMdinuM cihna, ke paMcAla janapadanA sikkAo paranuM zivaliMganuM cihna. temaja audumbara ane yaudheya gaNarAjyanA sikkAo para anukrame mahAdeva ane kArtikeyanI AkRtio bhAratamAM mUrtipUjA IsvIsananAM pUrva zatakomAM pracalita hevAnuM puravAra kare che. zaka-palava ane kuSANa rAjAonA sikakAo para zivanI je AkRtio AlekhAI che te bhAratIya mUrtipUjAnI prAcInatAne IzunI pahelI bIjI sadImAM vyApakapaNe pracalita hovAnuM darzAve che. kuSANa rAjAonA sikkAo para grIka, IrAnI, bauddha ane hiMdu devadevIonI AkRtio aMkita thaI che te parathI judA judA devanA gaNone tathA teonA mUti-svarUpane vikAsa paNa jovA maLe che. dA. ta. agAu bhagavAna buddha bodhisatve ke stupa jevA pratIka dvArA rajU thatA jyAre kaniSkanA sikkAo para pahelavahelA mAnava svarUpe AlekhAyela che. evI rIte zivanuM catubhuja mAnavasvarUpa paNa sau prathama A sikkAomAM jovA maLe che. vaLI zivanA parivAranAM umA, vizAkha, skaMda, kumAra ane mahAsenanI AkRtio paNa A sikkAo para aMkita thaI che. | gupta samrATonA sikakAonA pRSTha bhAga para duga, gaMgA ane lakSmInI AkRtio aMkita thaI che. emAM lakSmInAM vividha svarUpo jovA maLe che. gupta sikkAo paranuM garuDa dhvajanuM cihna bhAratIya mUrtipUjAnI prAcInatAne puravAra kare che. kalayurI, paramAra, caMdella ane gahaDavAla vaMzanA sikkAo para paNa lakSmInI AkRtio aMkita thayela che. pUrva cAlukyonA sikkAo para varAhanI AkRti che. vijayanagara rAjyanA prApta thayelA sikkAo para hanumAna, garuDa, umA-mahezvara, lakSmI-nArAyaNa, lakSmI narasiMha, naMdi vagere AkRtio jovAmAM Ave che.

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ra bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvAnA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNA upalabdha mUti e bhAratIya mUrti pUjAne harappIya sabhyatA jeTalI prAcIna puravAra kare che. ahIMthI prApta thayelI mATInI pakavelI mUti e pUtaLIe paikInI keTalIka devInA svarUpanI temaja keTalIka mAnatA mATenI che. devI svarUpanI strI pUtaLIomAM enA bhAre veSTananI khate bAjue laTakatA vITAemAM dhUpadIpanI nizAnIo maLe che. A parathI temanI pUjA thatI hovAnuM anumAna karI zakAya. ahIthI prApta thayelI mAtRdevI tarIke eLakhAtI mUrtinA mastaka para veSTana dhAraNa karelu che. A paraMparA anukAlamAM paNa cAlu rahI heAvAnA purAvA mathurA ane takSazilAmAMthI prApta thayA che. puruSamRti e moTebhAge nivasra prApta thaI che ane te strImUti karatAM khUbaja jUja saMkhyAmAM maLI AvI che. mATImAMthI banAvela vRSabha, vAnara, sasalAM, bakarAM, gheTAM, dariyAI gheADA, hAthI, bheMsa vagere pazu mUrti e paNa moTI saMkhyAmAM prApta thaI che, je eka yA bIjI rIte dhama ke keAI deva devI sAthe saMkaLAyelI hovAnuM anumAna saheje thaI zake che. ekazRMgI pazunA mukha saMmukha dhUpadmAnI jevuM pAtra mUkeluM heAya che. A pazu dhArmika mahimA dharAvatuM heAvAnuM manAya che. mATI uparAMta ahIM thI prApta pASANa ane dhAtunI mUrti e paNa ApaNuM khAsa dhyAna kheMce che. haDappAmAMthI prApta nagna puruSonI e pASANa AkRtie ane mehe"-jo-daDAmAMthI prApta srInI eka kAMsyamUti A bAbatanA dRSTAMtarUpa che. thayA vaidika saMhitAomAM zilpa" viSayaka aneka ullekha maLe che. paraMtu haju sudhI vedasahitAonA kAla (Azare I. sa. 1500 thI 1000)nA kAI namUnA upalabdha thayA nathI. teja rIte anuvaidikakAlanA paN kAI namUnA prApta nathI, paratu zaithunAgakAla ane naMdakAlI mUti svarUpanA keTalAka namUnA prApta thayA che, je bhAratIya mUrti pUjAnI prAcInatAne IM, sa. pU. 400 sudhI laI jAya che. A kAlanI mAtRdevInI pUjAnA pratIkarUpe prayeAjAtu zrIcakra khAsa noMdhapAtra che. AvA zrIcakra upara mAtRdevInI mUrti A kotarelI dekhAya che. A prakAranI takatIe mathurA, kauzAmbI, rAjadhATa, takSazilA, vaizAlI, saMkisA, paTanA vagere sthaLAethI prApta thaI che. leriyA, naMdanagaDha ane pIparAvAnA stUpanI dhAtugala' majUSAmAMthI prApta thayelAM rUpAMnA paNa A kAlanI mUti kalAnA suMdara namUnA che. mauya kAlIna ziiA bhAratIya mUrti pUjAnI prAcInatAne I. sa. pUrve 325 jeTalI prAcIna puravAra karI Ape che. A kAlanI mUrtikalAne utkRSTa Adaza

Page #20
1ii mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane prAcInatA azokanA zilAkhaMbhe ane te paranAM pazuzi pUro pADe che. yakSa-yakSiNInI mUtio tathA guphAo paranAM zilpa A kAlanI mUti kalAnA gaNanApAtra namUnA che. yakSa-pakSInI pUja lekadharmanuM vyApaka svarUpa che. Aje paNa kaI eka yA bIjA svarUpe yA lekadhama vIrapUjAnA svarUpe bhAratabharamAM najare paDe che. mauryakAlamAM lokadevatA tarIke pUjAtI yakSa yakSiNInI mUrtio tatkAlIna lekakalAnuM eka mahattvanuM aMga che. A prakAranI mUrtio mathurAthI mAMDIne vArANasI, vidizA, pATaliputra ane zUparaka sudhInA vistRta pradezamAMthI prApta thaI che. A prakAranI mUrtione pitAnI svataMtra kalA-paripATI che. ati mAnava mahAkAya mUtio khullA AkAza nIce sthApita karavAmAM AvatI ane tenI kataraNa cAreya bAjuethI thatI. anumauryakAlIna mUrtikalAnA namUnAo (I. sa. pUrve 187 thI I. sa. 350) sAMcI, bharata, bodhagayA, erissAnA udayagiri-khaMDagiri, gaMdhAra, mathurA, gujarAta, dakhaNa ane AMdhra sudhInA vistRta pradezamAMthI prApta thayA che. zugakAlIna sAMcIno stUpanAM teraNAra madhya bhAratamAMthI ane guptakAlIna zilpa uttara ane pUrvabhArata, madhyapradeza, gujarAta dakhaNa tathA AMdha sudhInA vistRta pradezamAMthI prApta thAya che. guptakAlIna bhAratIya mUti kalAnAM mukhya kendro sAranAtha, mathurA, alAhAbAda, rAjagRha, udayagiri, eraNa, devagaDha, bhUmarA, khoha, vidizA, bAgha, maMdara, zAmaLAjI, akoTA vagere che. A vibhinna kendromAMthI prApta sUtikalAnA namUnAo ekadama suvikasita che. guptakAlIna mUtikalA akRtrima, svAbhAvika, vAstavika, paripakava, paripUrNa, prakRtisArUpyapradhAna, bhAvapradhAna, vagere lakSaNe dharAve che. A uparAMta anu-guptakAlIna temaja rASTrakUTa-pratihAra-pAlakAlIna, pUrvamadhyakAlIna mUrti kalAnA aneka namUnAo upalabdha thayA che. bhAratamAMthI prApta abhilekhe paikI keTalAka abhilekhamAM spaSTapaNe mUrti pUjA ane mUti kalAnA ullekha thayA che. e parathI bhAratamAM mUti kalAnI prAcInatA puravAra thaI zake che. khAravelanA zilAlekhamAM magadhanA rAjA naMde pATaliputramAM ANelI jinapratimAne rAjA khAravela kaliMga laI AvyAne ullekha che. zuMgakAlamAM grIka heliyore I. sa. pU. 144mAM besanagaramAM vAsudevanI pUjA mATe eka garUDa staMbha banAvyo hato. azokanA caturtha prastaralekhamAM "divyAni

Page #21
14 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUtividhAnanAM lakSaNe pAni" zabdano ullekha thayela che. teno sAdo sIdho artha devamati thaI zake. uparyukta madrA, sikkAo, zilpa temaja zilAlekhenA nideze prAcIna bhAratIya mUrtikalA cheka haDappAkAlathI pracalita hatI, veda ane vedottarakAlamAM yajJAdi karmakAMDonA samayamAM tenuM mahatva ghaTI gayuM hatuM, paraMtu lokakalArUpe te cAlu hatI ane suMgakAlathI karyethI te pUrA jorathI pracalita banI hovAnI spaSTa pratIti karAve che. pariziSTa judA judA dharmomAM mUrtipUjAnuM svarUpa : hiMdu dharmanI vibhinna zAkhAonA kendramAM koIne koI eka ISTadeva hAya che, jenI viziSTatAne kAraNe upAsakee pitapatAne viziSTa saMpradAya sthApita karyo che. vaiSNavadharma : - vaiSNava dharmamAM viSNu sarvopari deva tarIke pUjAya che. prAcIna RSioe vaidika viSNunI ka95nA eka vyApaka deva vibhUtinA rUpamAM karI. vedanA viNa eka purAtana evuM sarvavyApI svarUpa che. brAhmaNagraMthamAM viSNu adhideva banatA jAya che. upaniSadamAM viSNunuM devAdhidevatva pUrNa rUpe pratiSThita thayuM che. sutragraMtha anusAra saptapadImAM viSNunuM ja ekamAtra AduvAna vihita che. mahAbhArata kAlamAM viSNunuM sarvazreSTha adhIzvaratva vAsudeva-viSNunI kalpanAmAM samAyela che. vaiSNava dharmanA pAMcarAtromAMnA caturvyUha siddhAMtamAM vAsudeva, saMkarSaNa, pradyumna, ane aniruddha e cAra vyuha darzAvyA che. bhAgavata dharmamAM vAsudevakRNabhaktine prasAra thayo che. viSaNunI pUjAnI vidhinAM je aneka aMge pracalita che tene "upacAra" kahe che. devapUjA paMcopacAra, dazepacAra ke SoDazopacArathI karavAmAM Ave che. paMcopacAra pUjA gaMdha, puSpa, dhUpa, dIpa ne naivedhathI karAya che ane te vyApakapaNe pracalita che.

Page #22
mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane prAcInatA zaiva dharma : zivanI pUja ziva liMga tema ja pazupati zivanA rUpamAM prAgaitihAsika kAlathI jovA maLe che. paMcAnanazivanI paraMparA paNa ati prAcIna che. taittirIya AraNyaka (10-43-47) tathA viSNudharmotara (-48-1)mAM zivane paMca tuccha kahyA che. sojAta, vAmadeva, adhara, tapuruSa, ane IzAna e zivanAM pAMca svarUpa che. zivanuM vaidika svarUpa rudra che. ziva dharmanI vibhinna paraMparAo che ane enA vibhinna saMpradAya che. A badhA saMpradAyone pitAnA dArzanika siddhAMta che ane pitapatAnI pUjA-paddhati che. tamiLa dezamAM zaivagaNa zaiva siddhAMtI" nAmathI vira-zaiva-dharma zakti-viziSTAdvaita para Azrita che. gujarAta ane rAjapUtAnAmAM pAzupata mata vizeSa prasiddha che. kAzmIrane zaivadharma "pratyabhinAdarzana"nA nAme prasiddha che. e advaitavAdI che. saMpradAyamAM pAzupata mata prasiddha che. emAM vidhividhAna dvArA sAdhaka, kAyika, vAcika ane mAnasika zucitA prApta kare che. pUjAvidhi vratAdi sAdhanAthI saMpanna hoya che. vratamAM bhasmalepana, maMtroccAraNa, pradakSiNA vagere mukhya che. zAkta saMpradAyaH vaidika sAhityamAM rudrANI, bhavAnI vagere devIo rudra zivanI patnIo gaNAvAI che. mahAbhArata (bhISmaparva, a. 27)nI durgAstuti jANItI che. e samaye durgAstutimAM je je nAmo dvArA bhagavatInuM smaraNa karAyuM che, temAM kumArI, kAlI, kApAlI, mahAkAlI, caMDI, kAtyAyanI, vijayA, kauzikI, umA, kAMtAravAsinI, vagereno samAveza thayela che. durgAstutimAM durgAne mahiSamadinI, nArAyaNa priyatamA ane viMdhyavAsinI paNa jaNAvI che. zAkatAnI zakti upAsanAmAM sAmAnya devI pUjA, vikarALa devI pUjA tathA saMmohana rU5 railokaya suMdarI lalitA AdinI pUjA thAya che. zAkto zaktine Avazakti mAne che ane suSTinuM sarjana paNa enA vaDe thayAnuM jaNAve che. zaktine laIne ja ziva, viSNu, brahmA vagere tamAma devatAo zaktiviziSTa thAya che ane pitAnI kAmagIrI bajAve che. AthI kevaLa zaktinI ja upAsanA zAktone abhipreta che. paurANika ane Agama bane paraMparAomAM devInI vibhinna avasthAsUcaka rUpanI pUjA thAya che. jemake ekavarSIya devI saMdhyAnA rUpamAM, divaSIyA

Page #23
16 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe sarasvatInA rUpamAM, saptavaNIyA caMDikAnA rUpamAM, aSTavaSayA zAMbhavInA rUpamAM, navavaSayA durgAnA rUpamAM, dazavarSothA gaurIne rU5mAM, tradalavaNIyA mahAlakSmInA rUpamAM ane zavaSayA lalitAnA rUpamAM pUjavAnI paraMparA che. A uparAMta mahiSAsuramardinInI pUjA pUrNa thAya che. zAkta saMpradAyamAM tAMtrika bhAva ane AcAra para vizeSa bhAra mUkAya che. enA parama tatvane mAtRrUpa kalpela che. zAkata pUja paraMparAmAM zrIcakranI pratIka rUpe upAsanA thAya che. saura saMpradAya : sUryanA upAsakone saMpradAya saura saMpradAya nAme oLakhAya che. sUryapUjakene saure kahevAmAM AvatA. sUryanI upAsanA cheka vedakAla jeTalI prAcIna che. emAM upanayana saMskArathI gAyatrI sUcAne upadeza pAmI dareka bija pratidina saMpAsanA samaye sUryane artha ApI gAyatrIne ja5 ane sUryanuM upasthAna karato rahe evuM vihita karavAmAM AvyuM che. sUrya pUjA paMcAyatanI pUjA paraMparAnuM eka abhinna aMga che, paraMtu sUryo. pAsanAne eka pRthaka saMpradAya thayA jemAM sUryane paramatatva mAnI tenI upAsanA karAtI. sUryanI saguNe pAsanAnI paraMparAmAM aneka sUrya maMdira banyAM. gANapatya saMpradAya ? hiMduonI vyApaka devapUjAmAM paMcAyatanI paraMparA pracalita che, emAM viSNu ziva, ane sUryanI sAthe gaNezanuM paNa parama pUjya sthAna che. rudranA maragaNone svAmI gaNapati che. A gaNezanI stuti vidane ane vyAdhione vinAza kare che. vinAyakapUjA ghaNuM prAcIna che, paraMtu Do. bhAMDArakara aMbikAsuta gaNapati vinAyakanI pUjA arvAcIna gaNAve che. sthApatyamAM sarva prathama gaNapatinI pratimA pUjA paraMparA 8mI sadInA IlerAnAM be guphA maMdiramAM saptamAtRkAonI sAthe gaNapatinI pratimAthI prApta thAya che, jodhapuramAM ghaTiyAlA nAme sthAna para sthApita staMbha para cAre dizAomAM cAra vinAyaka pratimAo darzAvI che. enA paranA eka abhilekhamAM paNa gaNapatinI stuti karelI che. gaNezanuM gajAnana svarUpa paurANika paraMparAmAM eka anivArya aMga che. jemAM paNa gaNezanI pUjA pracilata hatI ema AcAra-dinakaramAM kahyuM che.

Page #24
mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane prAcItatA gANapatya sapradAyamAM huM avAntara zAkhAe che. mahAgaNapati pUjaka saMpradAya, haridrA gaNapati sa pradAya, ucchiSTa gaNapati saMpradAya, bIjA saMpradAyAmAM gaNeza kramazaH navanIta, svaN ane saMtAnarUpamAM pUjAya che. 17 paMcAyatana pUjA para parAnA pratyeka anuSThAna, utsava, vidhAna ane sa`skAramAM gaNeza-pUjana eka prathama upacAra che. bauddha dharma : bhagavAna mudde sthApelA bauddha dharmamAM mUrti pUjAne sthAna na hatuM. temanA nirvANa pachI brAhmaNa ane jaina dharmonI sAthe TakI rahevA mATe bauddha dharmamAM mUrti pujAnI mAMga vyApaka banI. I. sa. pU. pahelI sadImAM mathurAmAM bhAgavata dhama pracalita hatA. temAM vAsudeva saMkaOSNunI pUjA mukhya hatI. dhaNA samayathI bauddha sa MpradAyamAM paNa anuyAyIenI bhAvanAne sa MtASavA pratIka pUjA apanAvAI hatI. mathurAkalAmAM kheAdhivRkSa, dhamA~cakra, stUpa, triratna, bhikSApAtra, pUrNAMka bha vagere pratIkAnAM zilpa maLe che. chatAM buddhanI pratimAnI mAMga dhIre dhIre vadhatI cAlI ane kuSANa samrATa kaniSTa 1 lAnA samayamAM yuddhanI mAnavakadanI pratimA dhaDAI. tyArathI bauddha dharmAMmAM pratimA pUjA pravezelI jaNAya che. jainadhama : jaina dharmAMmAM pratimA pUjAnI para'parA dhaNI prAcIna che. hAthIgu qA abhilekha parathI zaizunA ane naMda rAjAonA samayamAM jaina pratimA-pUjA pracalita hAvAnu` mAlUma paDe che. kauTiyanA atha zAstramAM nirdiSTa jayanta, vaijayanta, aparAjita vagere devAne jaina devatA ja mAnyA che. jaina tIrthaMkarAnI mUrtie banAvavA pAchaLanA hetu e hatA ke teo anuyAyIene smaraNa karAve ke kevA kaparA sa'jogAmAMthI pasAra thaIne temaNe kevaLa jJAna prApta karyu. tItha`karAnI mUrti e maMdiramAM pratiSThita thAya che te vakhate je stAtro elAya che tene kalyANaka kahe che. tIrthaMkarAnA pUjanamAM kalyANyA manAvavAnA rivAja ghaNA jUtA che. jainamUrti emAM tItha karA uparAMta devadevIenI pratimAe paNa thavA lAgI. temAM yakSA ane yakSiNIenI pratimAo dhyAna kheMce che. pratyeka tIthaMkarane eka yakSa ane eka yakSiNI heAya che. jainamamAM yakSA ane yakSiNIete jina bhagavAnanA anucarA tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. tIrthaMkarAnA anucA sivAya

Page #25
18 bhAskamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNo bIjA keTalAka yakSanA ulekhe jaina dharmazAstromAMthI maLe che. temAM maNibhadra yakSa mukhya hoI tathA yakSiNIo, mRtadevI, vidyAdevIo, vagere ane anya devadevIonI mUtio paNa prasiddha che. A uparAMta navagrahe, dasa diphapAle, gaNeza, lakSmI, zrI, mAtakAo, kubera vagere keTalAka hiMdu devatAone paNa jaina dharmamAM sthAna apAyuM che. jaina maMdiranI pUjAmAM digaMbara ane zvetAMbara saMpradAya pramANe keTaloka phera che. dA. ta. zvetAMbara mUrtine khUba pANIthI snAna karAve ane enI pUjA paNa kare che; paraMtu digaMbara mUtinI varSamAM mAtra eka ja vAra pUjA kare che.

Page #26
prakaraNa 2 mUrtividhAnaH kalA ane zAstra (a) kalA : bhAratIya kalAnAM mUlya mukhyatve dharma, saMskRti ane tatvajJAna para nirbhara che. hindu dharma vizvane vizvaniyatAnuM parama pariphuraNa mAne che. bhAratIya kalAmAM pariphuraNane A divya aMza daSTigocara thAya che. mokSa prApti e bhAratIya janane aMtima Adarza che. A dhArmika dRSTibiMdu para bhAratIya kalA nirbhara che. nirAkAra ane nirguNa parabrahmanI upAsanA sAkAra ane saguNa Izvara dvArA sAdhI bhAratIya jana mokSanA aMtima Adarzane vAMche che. dharma, sAhitya, kalA vagere tenA A lakSyanI sAdhanA mATenAM upakaraNe che. AthI ja aparimita pAralaukika zaktio vaDe vibhUSita deva devIo mAnuSI AkAramAM aMkita thayAM hovA chatAM temane AvI alaukika zaktionAM ghAtaka aneka mastake, hasta vagerethI alaMkRta karI temane paramatattvane dharma ane kalAe nirUpyAM che. bhAratIya kalAnuM hArda tenA vAgyAtha karatAM lakSyArthamAM savizeSa raheluM che. (The Indian art Suggests rather than states.) 241 deal or culpally kalA, dharma ane tattvajJAnamAM ekasarakhI rIte niSpanna thAya che. bhAratIya kalAnAM tamAma pratIko lekamAnasamAM rUDha thaI gayelA Atmika saundaryanI niSpatti sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che. A pratIkene dharma ane tattvajJAnanI paribhASA dvArA samajavA anivArya che. jIvananA dareka kSetramAM dharmanuM sthAna bhAratamAM savizeSa che. kalAnuM kSetra paNa tenAthI vaMcita rahyuM nathI. bIjI rIte kahIe te dharma ane ciMtanane jIvanamAM je mama abhipreta che te ja marma kalAmAM nirUpAyelA che. ane tethI

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20 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe ja kalAkAra pitAne sajanamAM jIvananA parama AnaMdano anubhava kare che. pratimA nirmANanI kalA kalAkAra mATe mekSaprada che tema bhAratIya kalAnA siddhAMta nirUpe che. bhAratIya kalAkAra prakRtinuM anusaraNa nathI karato, paraMtu pratIka dvArA prakRtinAM svAbhAvika paribaLonAM Alekhane karI bhAratIya jana mAnasane anurUpa artha yA vyaMjanA pragaTa kare che." AthI bhAratIya kalAkAranI pratibhA kevaLa aMtarmukhI na rahetAM sarvajanahitAyanA siddhAMtane prasphaTa karatI bahumukhI bane che. pratibhA viSayaka enAM jJAna ane tAlIma bhauhita paraMparAne AbhArI che. enI AgavI siddhi nathI. paraMtu samagra prajAmAnasanA utkarSanI e dena che. bhAratIya kalAkAra mUtinimaNanI bAbatamAM mUrtinAM zArIrika bAhya sauMdarya para dhyAna Apato nathI, paraMtu mU nA mukha para Atmika sauMdarya, prasannatA, gAMbhIrya ane zakti ke prAsAdikatAnA bhAva vyakta thAya che ke nahIM te para lakSa Ape che. AthI ja manuSyadehI devonuM Alekhana nirmAtAnI dRSTie mUtividhAnanA siddhAMtane anusaravA uparAMta tenAmAM devatva ane pAralaikika sauMdarya saMpannatA prakaTe che ke kema te jovAnuM che. A devatva ane pAralaukikatAnA prAkaTaya arthe devonA AlekhanamAM temane ghaNAM zira ke hastavALA batAvavAmAM Ave che. prajAmAnasamAM rUDha thayelA kalAsaMskAronuM ahIM nirUpaNa thatuM jovAmAM Ave che. devonA devatva temaja parama agAdha ane apAra zaktinuM te ghAtaka varUpa banI rahe che. Ama bhAratIya kalA pratIka dvArA pitAnA hArdane prakaTa kare che. bhAratIya klA bahudhA Izvaraparaka eTale ke Izvara paranI AsthAne prakaTa karanArI pIrahita paraMparAne anusaranArI che. Adhibhautika, Adhidaivika ane AdhyAtmika jagatane niyaMtrita karanArA paribaLa parabrahmane AvirbhAva karavo e bhAratIya kalAne pradhAna hetu che. A parama tatvane prakaTa karavA kalAne dareka aMza mathe che. pariNAme bhAratamAM dareka maMdira, mati, citra pitAne abhipreta kahapanA-jagata dvArA parama satyanA eka yA bIjA pAsAne sparze che. "Indian art may in a general way, be described as theological, hiaratic as perhaps best of all as traditional." benjAmina helADaH "dhI ArTa enDa ArkiTekacara opha InDiyA pR. 5) pAzcAtya vicArasaraNInI jema bhAratIya kalA kalA khAtara kalAnA siddhAMtane A dharmAbhimukhatAne kAraNe, svIkAratI nathI. ahIM kalA dharmane anusare

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mUrtividhAna kalA ane zAstra che ane dhArmika ananAo pramANe tenuM sarjana thAya che. AthI ja zi95graMthone niyama-siddhAMta, sthApatya, zilpa, citrAdi kalAomAM anusarAtA jovAmAM Ave che. paNa zAstrIya siddhAMtanuM mAtra anusaraNa e bhAratIya kalAno prANa nathI. anusaraNa ke anukaraNa e kalAne prANa nathI e bhAratIya kalAkAro sArI rIte jANatA. pariNAme temaNe kalAmAM mAnavIya prakRti temaja prAkRtika paribaLonAM anukaraNayukta Alekhano nathI karyA, paNa pratikuLa vRttione virodha karI prakRtinA aMtastatvane prasphaTa karyuM che. ahIM kalA prakRtinA rahasyane chag interpret) karavAmAM mAne che. manuSyasvabhAvane samajI laI tenA aMtaraMga rahasyane bahAra lAvavAmAM ja kalAnI kharI sArthakatA rahelI che. bAhya Indriya vaDe ApaNe je kaMI jaIe chIe te kharuM darzana nathI. aMtardazana eja kalAnuM divya bhecana che. bhAratIya kalAkAra camacakSu karatAM manacyakSa dvArA vadhu kAma kare che. pariNAme zAstrIya siddhAMtonuM anusaraNa temanuM lakSa banatuM nathI. te to eka mAtra sAdhana tarIke ja upayogamAM levAya che. bhAratavAsIoe saundarya vizenA pitAnA khyAle kalA dvArA pragaTa karyA che. saundarya e AdhyAtmika-AMtarika vastu che. bhArata potAnI kalAkRtio dvArA nija prANadarzana Atmadarzana, praskuTa kare che ane tenuM saMkramaNa kare che. eTale ke bhAratIya kalAkRtiomAM jeTaluM AMtaradarzana praskuTa thAya che teTaluM bIjA keI dezanI kalAkRtiomAM bhAgye ja thAya che, ane tethI bhAratIya kalAkRtiomAM bAhyadarzana karatAM temAM niravadhi vyakta thatA umadA Amika guNanI abhivyakti mahattvanI banI rahe che. kalAnI tAtvika carcAmAM saundaryanAM mULabhUta taronI carcAne samAveza thaI jAya che. saundarya AnaMdanI anubhUti karAve che. saundaryane sAkAra karanArI vastu (upAdAna) game te hoya, paNa je kharekhara sahadayInA manamAM AnaMda upajAve to te sAcI kalAkRti. Ama kalAkRtino pradhAna ma--dharma AnaMdano AvirbhAva karavAno che, AnaMda ApavAno che. ravIndranAthe A vize sAcuM ja kahyuM che ke * Which gives us joy without any sense of utility is the sense of beauty." AthI ja sauMdaryajanita kalAkRtimAM upayogitAne sarvathA abhAva ghaNIvAra jovAmAM Ave che. kalAkRti sAmAnya upagitAnA AnaMda(Utiliterian pleasure)ne varelI nathI. bIju kalAkRti je AnaMdanI abhivyakti kare che te koI eka vyakti mATe nirmita hotI nathI, paraMtu tenI abhivyakita sArvatrika Universal) hoya che. A sAMvatrika AnaMdanI abhivyakti saMvAditA

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22 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe (harmony) dvArA ja niSpanna thAya che. dA. ta. saMgItamAM layanI saMvAditA, citramAM raMga ane rekhAnI saMvAditA ane kAvyamAM zabda ane arthanI saMvAditA. kAma karatI hoya che. sAmAnya paristhitimAM vyaktine eka yA bIjA lAbhanI apekSA rahe che, jyAre AnaMdanI carama sImA vyaktinuM AdhyAtmika UjavIkaraNa sAdhe che. kalAmAtrane nirmANa viSaya mAnava bhAva ke lAgaNI che. eTale ke skUla upAdAna dvArA kalAkRti mAnavInI AMtaravRttine vyakta karavAnuM kAma kare che. vizeSamAM klAne anubhava ane vyAvahArika anubhava tAtvika daSTie bhinna nathI, eTale ke vyavahAramAM jema mananI lAgaNIo pratyakSa jevAthI anubhavavAthI ja jAge che, tema kalAmAM paNa pratyakSa jevI pratItithI lAgaNIo jAge che. vaLI kalAkRtimAM vyaktigata abhimAna ke ahaMkArane sthAna nathI. tene anubhava sarvasAdhAraNa che. vyaktinuM ahama tyAM vicalita thaI jAya che. kalAmAM cittane anukULa vyApArane utkarSa maLatAM citta ahaMkAra bhUlI temAM rAce che, ane kalA ke kAvyanuM vastu sAruM nathI tema jANavA chatAM rasa mANe che. Ama niratizaya AnaMda e kalAkRtinuM lakSya che, je sarvane eka sarakhI rIte sparza che. ahIM eka vastu dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnI che ke kalAkRtinA rasAnubhavamAM ahaMkAra galita thavo joIe te sAthe vyaktimAM saMskAgrahaNa karavAnI jAgarUkatA prakaTavI joIe. eTale ke jeTale aMze bhANasa ahaMkAra gALI zake, abhimAnamUlaka rahe cheDI zake ane te sAthe cetanAne jAgrata rAkhI kalAkRtine anukULa pitAnuM citta karI zake teTale aMze te kalAvyApArane barAbara anubhava karI zake ane kalAnaMda bhegavI zake. kalA e bhAva saMkramaNanI prakriyA che. citrakAra, zilpakAra ke sthapatinA manamAM keI eka prakAranI Umi( emotion) vicAra( idea) sphare che, te sAthe ja citrakAra ke zilpI eka aNunIya Umi ke vicArane cokkasa rU5mAM mUkavA Atura thAya che. jyAM sudhI bAhya upAdAnanI madada vaDe te tene surekha svarUpa ApI zakatA nathI tyAM sudhI te becenI anubhave che, paraMtu jyAre te svayaMspharita vicAra ke Urmine bAhya AkAra ApI zake che, tyAre te niravadhi AnaMda anubhave che. eka prakArane mekSa (exhilaration) anubhave che. bhAvaka ke prekSaka jyAre te citra ke zilpa jue che tyAre pelA citrakAra ke zilpakAranI lAgaNuM ke Umine rasAnubhava pAme che ane te paNa tenA jevo ja AnaMda

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mUtividhAna kalA ane zAstra anubhave che. Ama kalAkRtinA AvibhavamAM eka prakAranA AdAna-pradAnanI prakriyA rahelI che. lalita kalA : prakRti e IzvarI racanA che. e racanAmAM manuSyane pratyakSa yA parokSa, sahetuka yA ahetuka jarAye bhAga nathI. jyAre kalA e mAnavIya racanA che. mAnave aMtarita kAmanA ke dUradaSTithI vicAra karI hetupUrvakanuM jemAM Ayojana karyuM che te kalA. manuSyanI manokAmanA be prakAranI hoya che. eka sAMsArika jarUriyAto pUrI pADavAnI eTale ke ahika jIvanane sukha ApavAnI eSaNa. A kArya upayogI kalAne kauzala (applied arts and crafts) dvArA sadhAya che. bIjA prakAranI eSaNAmAM te potAnA aMtarAtmAne saMtoSavA tarapha pravRtta thAya che, ane A kArya lalitakalA (fine arts) dvArA sadhAya che. prAcIna bhAratamAM "kalA ke zilpa" zabda badhI kalAo mATe prayojAto hato. pazcimI zikSaNa ane sabhyatAnA prabhAvathI bhAratamAM paNa (1) upayogI ke sAmAnya kalA ane (2) lalitakalA evA be vargomAM prAcIna bhAratIya kalAonuM vagIkaraNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. upagI kalAomAM suthArIkAma, sonI kAma, luhArIkAma, darajIkAma, ratnaparIkSAkAma, rAMdhaNakalA vagere jIvanapayogI kalAone samAveza thato. A sivAya saundaryanI anubhUti ane AnaMda prApti karAvatI kalAo che "je anubhUta saundaryanA punanirmANathI ApaNe AtmAno vikAsa thAya, manane AnaMda thAya ane ApaNI cetanA jAgrata thAya ene lalitakalA kahevAmAM Ave che" siDanI kevine sthApatya, zilpa, citra, saMgIta ane kAvyane lalitakalAomAM samAveza karyo che, jyAre keTalAka vidvAne emAM nRtya ane nATayane paNa umere kare che. lalitakalAone (1) rUpaprada ke AkAraprada kalAo (shaping arts) ane (2) zAbdika kalAo (speaking arts) evA be upavibhAgomAM vaheMcavAmAM Ave che. sthApatya, zilpa, citra, nRtya, ane nATaya e rUpamada kalAo che, jyAre saMgIta ane kAvya e zAbdika kalAo che. Ama lalitakalAnA kulamAM zilpakalA e rU5prada kalA che. prAcIna bhAratamAM sthApatya sAthe ene saMbaMdha saMgIna rahyo che. keTalAMka zailagraho ane maMdiramAM ene yoga sthApatya ane citrakalAnI sAthe sumeLapUrvaka thayela jovAmAM maLe che.

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je bhAratamAM mRtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe (A) zilpa sAhitya zilpa-sAhityamAM alaMkaraNAtmaka zilponI apekSAe mUti zilpa (pratimAo)ne lagatuM sAhitya ane ullekhe vizeSa pramANamAM upalabdha thAya che. pratimAne lagatA keTalAka ulekho vaidika sAhityamAM jovAmAM Ave che. zvedamAM indra, varuNa, sUrya, rudra vagere denAM varNana Apela che. paraMtu A kAlanI temaja anavedakAlanI kaI matio upalabdha na hovAnA kAraNe vaidika devane pratimA vaidhAnika svarUpa vize nizcita vidhAna karI zakAya tema nathI. alabatta, "vizvakarmA ulekha emAM thayo che. vizvakarmA e devonA zilpI hovAnuM anudika sAhityanAM lakhANo parathI lAge che, temaNe moTe bhAge uttara bhAratanI zilpa-sthApatyanI svataMtra praNAlikA nipajAvI hovAnuM manAya che. brAhmaNa graMtha ane sUtragraMthamAM sthApatyakIya svarUpane lagatAM ThIkaThIka varNane ApelAM che, paNa emAM zilpa-pratibhA-vidhAnane lagatI mAhitI ochI upalabdha thAya che. rAmAyaNa ane mahAbhAratamAM devAlayo, rAjamahAlaya, nagare vagere vAstukalAne lagatA ullekhe jovAmAM Ave che. tyAM paNa vizvakarmA ane bhayane anukrame devo ane dAnanA zilpIo tarIke oLakhAvyA che. devone je sthAna para prasthApita karavAmAM AvatA tene maMdira, devAyatana, surAlaya, vagere nAme oLakhAvela che ne te parathI vividha deva, Indra, yama, varuNa, kubera, brahmA vagerenI mUrtio banatI hovAnuM jANavA maLe che. rAmAyaNamAM brahmA pAsethI vAstuvidyAnuM jJAna maye kevI rIte meLavyuM hatuM enuM varNana "kiSkindhAkAMDa "mAM ApyuM che (a. 11). vaLI ahIM nirUpita kathA pramANe maya ane zukra eja vAstuvidyAnI paraMparAne anusaratA tevuM paNa sUcavAyuM che. pratimA-nirmANa aMge sAhityanI mukhya pAMca dhArAo purANa, Agama, taMtra, zilpazAstra ane pratiSThapaddhati pracalita hoya tema jaNAya che. bhAratIya zilpa ane pratimA racanAnuM mukhya kAraNa paurANika dharmane pracAra ane prasAra che. A kAraNe ja bhAratamAM bhavya prasAdo, vimAna, caitya vihAro, tIrthasthAna, jalAzaya vagerene vikAsa thayo che. A vAstuvaibhavanA eka aMga tarIke pratimA ane zilpa-nirmANathI abhuta paraMparA vikasI che. uparokta sAhityika dhArAo uparAMta jyotiSa jevA ardhavAstuzAstrIya graMthamAM paNa vAstu nirmANa sAthe pratimA kalAnAM prakaraNe AkAra pAmyAM che. dA. ta. varAhamihiranI bRhatsaMhitA.

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mUrtividhAnaH kalA ane zAstra purANo ane Agame ? Ama te lagabhaga badhAM ja purANomAM devapratimAnirmANanI pracura mAhitI saMgrahAI che, paraMtu matsya, viSNu, liMga, agni, garuDa, skaMda ane bhaviSya purANamAM ane khAsa karIne viSNudharmottaramAM pratimA vidhAnane lagatI carcAmAM AvI che. matsyapurANamAM lagabhaga daza adhyAye (252-259, 267 mAM vividha pratimAne lakSaNonI carcAo ApI che. emAM carsela pratimA-mAnanuM prakaraNa (a. 27) te abhuta che. vaLI zaiva pratimAomAM liMgabhUtie uparAMta Agama prasiddha liMgabhava mUtio tathA zivanI pratimAo-ardhanArIzvara, vagerenuM varNana che. mahiSAsuramardinI, indraIndrANI, vagerenI pratimAonAM varNane emanA tAlamAna sAthe AvelAM che. matsyapurANamAM vAstuvidyAnA aDhAra praNetAo, bhagu, agni, vasiSTha, vizvakarmA, maya, nArada, nagnajita, vizAlAkSa, puraMdara, brahmA, kumAra, naMdIza, zaunika, garga, vAsudeva, aniruddha, zukra, ane bRhaspati gaNAvyA che. agnipurANanA atividhAnanI carcA kula 11 (adhyAya 42-46, 49.55, 60-62) adhyAyamAM vizadapaNe ApI che. emAM vAsudeva, dazAvatAra viSNu, sUrya, catuSTiyoginI pratimA, lakSmI vagerene lagatAM varNane vigatavAra che. vaLI A purANamAM pratimA-dravyane lagatuM prakaraNa nirUpAyuM che e enI bIjI vizeSatA che 24 prakAranA zAligrAma tathA 20 prakAranA liMganAM varNane. viSNudharmottara purANanA trIjA khaMDanA aMtima kara adhyAyomAM mUrti kalA para vistRta zAstrIya varNana che. temAM deva-devIo uparAMta dipAla, nAga, yakSa, gaMdharva, navagraha, sUya, tathA mUrtirUpe upAsya nahIM evA vedazAstra, purANa, itihAsa vageremAM AvatA devAnI pratimAonAM varNana ApyAM che. emAM lagabhaga 128 prakAranI pratimAonAM varNana che. skaMdapurANane mAhezvara khaMDa (a-45, 47, 48)mAM mUrtionAM vidhAne tathA zAligrAmanAM lakSaNe ApelAM che. garUDapurANa (a-45)mAM zAligrAmanA prakAre vistArathI varNavyA che. bhaviSya purANamAM (a-12, 131, 132)mAM pratima-lakSaNa, pratimA dravyo, ane pratimA-mAna vagere viye varNavyA che. varAhamihiranI "bRhatsaMhitA" (adhyAya 58.60, 69) ardha purANa gaNAya che. emAM pratimA-vidhAnane lagatA cAra adhyAye pratimA lakSaNa, pratimA nirmANa mATenA Avazyaka , pratimAvidhi ane paMcamahApuruSa lakSaNa (a. 58-60, tathA 66) tathA vajalepanavidhi (a-5,7) vagerene lagatAM varNana che.

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ra bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUtividhAnanAM lakSaNe khaMDita, phuTita ane lagna pratimAonuM saMdhAna karavAnI vidhi vajalepanamAM nirUpAI che. Agama graMtha : Agama graMthamAM pratimA-vidhAnane lagatI vipula sAmagrI ApI che. vaLI purANe karatAM AgamonI saMkhyA (anukrame 18 ane 28) adhika che. upapurANonI jema upAgama paNa che ane temanI saMkhyA te lagabhaga basothI paNa vizeSa che. AthI AgamamAM vAstu ane pratibhAzAstrane lagatI vipula mAhitI ane sAMgopAMga vivecano jovAmAM Ave che. keTalAka AgamamAM to vAstuzAstrIya racanAo eTalI te adhika che ke te vAstugraMtha tarIke ja oLakhAya che. dA. ta., kAmikAgama, supramedAgama, vaikhAnasAgama, karaNagama, aMzumabhedAgama vagere e daSTie gaNanApAtra che. vaLI AgamonI vizeSatA e che ke emAM zivanI liMgAdUbhava mUtionAM varNana sAMgopAMga che. talamAnanAM vivecane paNa prazasya che. ATalI cokasAI purANamAM jovAmAM AvatI nathI. AthI mUrti kalAnA mahatvapUrNa siddhAMtanAM vivara jevAM AgamomAM jovAmAM Ave che, tevAM purANamAM nathI. purANa pratimAonAM rUpavidhAnane pragaTa kare che, jyAre Agame pratimAonAM racanA-kauzalane vizada rIte pragaTa kare che. dakSiNa prastarakalA emAM pUrepUrI pratibiMbita thAya che. kAmikAgamamAM mUrti-vidhAnane lagatA je ceDA adhyAya (a. 2, 64, 65, 67, 68, 74) che emAM siMgalakSaNa, pratimAlakSaNa, devasthApanavidhi pratimA pratiSThA ane parivAra sthApana vagere vidhAne mukhya che. kAraNagamanA pahelA bhAga (a. 9, 11, 12, 414, 62)mAM liMga ane mUrti saMbaMdhI tAlamAna sAthenAM varNana ane bIjA bhAga (a. 13, 21)mAM liMga zuddhi ane sthApana-vidhinI carcAo ApI che. vaikhAnasAgama (paTala 22)mAM pratimA-lakSaNane svataMtra adhyAya che. e ja rIte suprabhedAgamamAM mUrti -vidhAnane lagatA cAra adhyAya(33. 34, 36, 40) ApyA che. "aMzumadabhedAgamamAM uttama dazatalavidhine mAtra ekaja adhyAya Apela che. taMtra ? zaiva-taMtrane "Agama ane vaiSNavataMtrane pAMcarAtra" nAme oLakhavAnI paripATI che. paraMtu ahIM e taMtragraMtha sAthe nisbata che ke jemAM zAkata, zaiva ke

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mUrtividhAna kalA ane zAstra vaiSNava-devabhUti ne lagatI vaidhAnika carcAo viThThIta thayela heAya. tAMtrika AcAra ane pUjA-paddhati vaiddhika tathA paurANika AcAra tathA pUjA paddhatithI vilakSaNa hAvAnA kAraNe paNa e svarUpe samajavAnAM heAya che. lagabhaga 25 jeTalA taMtra graMtheAmAM devamUrti enAM rUpavidhAna tathA temanAM pratIkAtmaka vid rahasyA racAyAM che. A samAM hayazISa pAMcarAtra nAmane taMtratha sarvottama che. 'mahAnirvANu-taMtra'mAM pratimA, liga, bhagnamUrti -saMdhi, pratimA-dravya vagerenAM vaNu nA che. Agamagra MthA taMtravidyAnI eka mahattvanI zAkhA che. emAM taMtrokta patie pUjana tathA ananAM vidhAne ApelAM che. brahmayAmala, viSNuyAmala ane rudrayAmalanAM vidhAneAmAM judA judA saMpradAyanI mUtionAM vizeSa varNana maLe che. 27: zAstrIya graMthA : zAstrIya gra MthAmAM mUrti'arthazAstra' ullekhanIya purANa Agama ane tatratrathA uparAMta keTalAka vidhAnane lagatI carcAe karI che. emAM kauTilyakRta che. emAM vAstune lagatI vipula sAmagrIneA ullekha karatI vakhate devakula ke devatAyatana nagaranI madhyamAM temaja mukhya mArgo para karI emAM aparAjita, jayaMta, vaizravaNa, azvinA tathA zrIdevInAM sthAnakA sthApavAnA Adeza che. tethI e samaye emanI mUrti khanI hAvAnu jaNAya che. zilpazAstra: zilpazAstranI bhAratamAM e paraparA che. uttarI athavA nAgarI ane dakSiNI athavA draviDa. uttarI athavA nAgaraulInA vAstu theAnA mukhya praNetA vizvakarmA' gaNAya che. nAgarazailInA graMthAmAM vizvakarmAM-vAstuzAstra' (vizvakrama - prakAza), bheAjadevanu 'samarAMgaNusUtradhAra' ane bhuvanadevanuM aparAjitapRcchA' mukhya che. draviDazailInA vAstu thAnA praNetA bhaya' gaNAya che. draviDazailIne pramukha graMtha 'mAnasAra' che. te uparAMta agastya-racita 'sakalAdhikAra', kazyapanA 'a'zumadbhedAgama', mayanA 'mayamata', zrIkumAra kRta 'ziparatna' gaNanApAtra graMthA che. 'mAnasAra'nA kula 70 adhyAyeAmAM 50 adhyAya vAstukalA para ane bAkInA 20 adhyAya mUrtikalA para che. emAM hiMdu uparAMta jaina ane bauddha mUrtividhAnanI vigatA paNa ApI che. agastyanA sakalAdhikAra' mAtra zaiva pratimAvidhAnanI ja carcAonuM saMkalana kare che. kAzyapanu 'a'zumabhedAgama' dhaNA vistRta graMtha che. temAM 86 adhyAye paikI zarUnA 45 ane aMtima 2 adhyAya vAstune 5

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28 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUtividhAnanAM lakSaNe lagatA che. bAkInA 38 adhyAyomAM vividha pratimAonAM sAMgopAMga varNano ApelAM che. "bhayamatImAM mUrtizAstrane lagatA cAra adhyAyo che. vizvakarmA prakAza nAgara zailIne prAcIna graMtha che. emAM 17 adhyAya pratimA-vidhAnane lagatA che. emAM lakSmI vagere aSTadevIonuM mUti-nimaNa temaja brahmAdi mUrtionAM svarUpanuM suMdara vivecana che. "samarAMgaNasUtradhAramAM paNa keTalAka adhyAya mUrtividhAnane lagatA che. bhuvanadevane "aparAjitapUcho vAstunI jema pratibhA-vidhAnane eka apratima graMtha che. mUti-vidhAnanA enA svataMtra adhyAya (sUtro) vipula mAhitI Ape che. enAM ghaNAM sUtro, liMga, ziva, jaina, vagerenI mUrtionAM aneka vidha prakAranAM vaidhAnika svarUpanI vizada carcAo rajU kare che. A sivAya pratimA-vidhAnanI carcAo rajU karatA graMthamAM pAMcarAtradIpikA, caturaMgaciMtAmaNi, mUtidhyAna, mUrti lakSaNa, lakSaNasamuccaya, devatAzi95, rU5maMDana, taMtrasAra, vizvakarmAvatAra, rUpAvatAra, jJAnaratnakeza, zilpasAra, zi95ratna, kSIrArNava, dIpArNava vagere prakaraNe ke svataMtra graMthe noMdhapAtra che. zukranIti, zAradA tilakanirNayasiMdhu, dharmasiMdhu, maMtramahArNava, maMtraratnAkara, merutaMtra, zrItavanidhi pUjA paddhatio, pratiSThA vidhio ane anya dhArmika graMthomAM paNa mUtividhAnanI carcAo che. emAM "IzAna-ziva-gurUdevapaddhati', haribhakti-vilAsa, abhilakSitArthaciMtAmaNi (mAnasollAsa), kRSNAnaMdataMtra-sAra vagere graMthe pratimA vidhAnanI apAra sAmagrI dharAve che. bauddha dharmamAM pratimA nirmANa aMge keTalAka svataMtra graMtha racAyA che. citralakSaNa nAmanA graMthamAM bauddha deva-devIonAM citronI zAstrIya mAhitI che. A graMthanI mULa prata aprApya che, paraMtu tibeTI bhASAmAMthI ene jarmanamAM anuvAda bahAra paDyo che te parathI te ghaNuM mahatvanI mAhitI pUrI pADe che. tArAlakSaNa" nAmanA graMthamAM tArA tathA anya devIonAM vaNane ApyAM che. buddhanI dazatAlamUti mATe tibeTI bhASAmAM dazatAla grodha-parimaMDala-buddha-pratimA lakSaNa nAmaka graMtha racAya che. "sAdhanamAlA"mAMthI seMkaDe bauddha pratimAonAM vidhAna maLe che. biMbamAna ane buddha pratimAlakSaNa para bauddha dharmanA graMtho upalabdha che. jaina dharmanA pratibhAvidhAna mATe keTalAka graMthomAM prakaraNa apAya che. jemAM vAstusAra aparAjitapuchA, lokaprakAza, "AcAradinakara, nirvANalikA, pratiSThAsAhAra, rU5maMDana, rUpAvatAra vageremAM jaina pratimAo vize vipula mAhitI ApI che.

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mUtividhAnaH kalA ane zAstra (0) sAMskRtika itihAsanA sAdhana tarIke mUtividhAnanuM mahatva bhAratanA sAMskRtika ItihAsanAM vividha pAsAo jANavA mATe matividhAnanuM sAdhana mahatvanuM che. mUtividhAnathI tatkAlIna dharmabhAvanA ane dharmanuM svarUpa amuka aMze jANavA maLe che. pUrva-vedika kAlamAM Aryone dhArmika jIvananuM kendra prakRtinA pradhAna padArthone deva devIonA pratIka rUpamAM ka9pI stuti gAyana dvArA temanAmAM devabhAvanAo saMcAra karavAnuM hatuM. stutimAM prakRtinA pratIka deva ane devIo indra, varuNa, sUrya, parjanya, uSA, pRthvI vagerenA stavanamAM temanA guNagAna sAthe temanA rU5 ane veSabhUSA vagerenI kalpanA karavAmAM AvI che. veda vedAMgonA samayamAM upAsanI paddhatinuM svarUpa vaiyakitaka hatuM. je deva vedakAlamAM agrasthAna dharAvatA te purANonA samayamAM gauNa sthAna dharAvatA thayA. jema ke arthe bahArathI AvyA tyAre varuNanI mahattA hatI. bhAratamAM temanAM Agamana bAda devAdhideva IndranI mahattA thaI. pachI ziva ane viSNu mahattvanA banyA.. dezane pAMca upAsanA vargomAM zaiva, vaiSNava, zAkta, gANapatya ane saura samAveza thatuM. emAM pratimA pUjAvAda (iconism) ane pratIka pUjAvAda (anicopim) baMnene sthAna hatuM. ziva viSNunA samanvayarUpe harihara svarUpa vikasyuM. ziva ane zaktio vaccenI spardhAne mITAvavA ardhanArIzvaranuM svarUpa vikasyuM. AgaLa jatAM brahmA, viSNu ane zivanuM trimUrti svarUpa vikasyuM. vibhinna devonAM judAM judAM svarUpanI uddabhAvanA purANee ApI che. bhAratIya pratimA vijJAnanAM bhAratIya dharma uparAMta purANazAstra (Mythology) nuM paNa mahatva che. kalAkAra samAjamAM pracalita paurANika kathAnakeno AdhAre mUtio taiyAra karatA, jemake viSNunA dazAvatAra tathA kRSNa saMbaMdhI vibhinna kathAnaka daivI zaktio dvArA rAkSasano vinAza vagere kalAkRtimAM rajU thayAM. varAha, vAmana, nRsiMha, ardhanArIzvara, mahiSamardinI durgA ane saptamAtRkAonI mUrtio AnAM udAharaNa che. mUrtipUjAno pravAha zarU thayA pachI mUti-vidhAnanI kalA vikasatI gaI ne enuM zAstra ghaDAtuM gayuM. temAM kalAnA saMskAro reDAtA gayA ane samaye samaye temAM kalAvikAsa thatAM keTalIka vividhatAo dAkhala thaI. mUtinAM svarUpa, vastrA

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bhAratamAM smRti pUjAnI vibhAvanA ane smRtivijJAnanAM lakSaNA bhUSaNa, kezavinyAsa, Ayudha ke pratIka dvArA kalAnirdezana thayu.. mauya kAla pahelAM yakSanI pratimAmAM adheAvastro tathA uttarIya vastro jovA maLe che. zuga ane mauya kAlanI mUrti AmAM adheAvasra, uttarIya vastra uparAMta zirAveSTana paNa jovA. maLe che. 30 strIonA za'gAramAM kezavinyAsanA namUnA atyaMta AkaSa ka che. kezavinyAsanA vividha prakArA pracalita hatA. strIo vividha prakAre kezavinyAsa karatI. devapratimAomAM prabhAcakra jovA maLatuM. mastaka para vividha prakAranA mugaTa jovA maLatA. hAthamAM Ayudha, vAdya ke yaMtra jovA maLatA. zaMkha, cakra, gadA, padma, viSNunI pratimAmAM; ziva mUtimAM DamarU, nAga, trizala; brahmA mATe kama`Dala, akSamAlA tathA sarasvatI mATe pustaka vINA vagere pratIkA prayeAjAyAM che, je temanA upakaraNAnu' tatkAlIna svarUpa sUcave che. vajrabhUSaNanA prayAga kAla ane sthAna anusAra karavA joIe ema bharate nATayazAstramAM kahyu che: bhUSaNAnAM vikalpaM ca puruSa - strI - samAzrayam / nAnAvidha' pravakSyAmi dezajAni samudbhavam // varAhamihiranI zrRhatsa`hitAmAM paNa dezAnurUpa AbhUSaNa, veza vagere sajavAnu kahyuM che. mUrtinI pITha para je abhilekha AtA~ hAya tenA parathI pratimA kANe tyAre karAvI te vize mAhitI maLe che. A uparAMta zAsakanu nAma, padavI, tene samaya, pratimAnu* dAna keANe karyuM, dAnanI vigata, dhAmika maMtra vagerenI mAhitI paNa maLe che. kaniSkanA rAjyakALanA trIjA varSImAM sAranAthamAM eka khu pratimAnI sthApanA karAI jetu" pUruM varNana tenI pITha paranA lekhamAM che. sAMcImAMnI upalabdha muhU pratimAnI pITha para aMkita lekhamAM mUrti sthApanAnuM varNana che. prAcIna bauddha kalAkRtionA adhyayana parathI samAjanA Aza, kAmaLa, bhAvanA, svAtha paratAthI vimukha viSayeAnuM jJAna svayaM thAya che. bharatuta, medhagayA, amarAvatI ane sAMcInAM tAraNa para jAtaka kathAonAM nirdezanavALAM jeTalAM sadAcAranI parAkASThA che. Ama bhAratIya prANImAtrane kalyANa, hita, sukha ane zipeA che, temAM Adaza vAda tathA kalAnI e vizeSatA che ke te dvArA sadAcAranA upadeza maLe che.

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F mRtividhAnaH kalA ane zAstra mUtividhAnanA abhyAsanAM sAdhano : mUtividhAnanA abhyAsa mATe sAhityika ane purAtatvIya ema baMne prakAranAM sAdhane vipula pramANamAM upalabdha che. sAhityika : pratimAne lagatA keTalAka ulekhe vaidika sAhityamAM jovA maLe che. RgvadamAM Indra, varuNa, sUrya, vagere pramukha devanAM varNana ApelAM che, paraMtu A kAlanI temaja uttara vedakAlanI kaI mUrtio upalabdha na hovAne kAraNe vedika devAnA pratibhAvidhAna vize nizcita kahI zakAya nahIM. jo ke emAM vizvakarmAne ullekha che, je vaidika sAhityanAM lakhANo parathI lAge che ke teo devanA zilpI hatA. vaidika sAhityanAM lakhANe parathI lAge che ke prAyaH e uttara bhAratanI zilpa sthApatyanI praNAlikAnA AcArya haze. dakSiNanI paraMparAne mukhya AcArya "maya" nAmathI oLakhAya che. brAhmaNagraMtha ane sUtragraMthamAM sthApatyane lagatAM varNana maLe che. paNa pratimAvidhAnane lagatI bahu ochI mAhitI maLe che. rAmAyaNa mahAbhAratamAM devAlayane lagatA ullekha Ave che. devAyatananA ullekho parathI jaNAya che ke Indra, yama, varuNa, kubera, brahmA vagerenI mUrtio banatI haze. pratimA nirmANa aMge sAhityanI mukhya pAMca dhArAo purANa, Agama, taMtra, zilpazAstra ane pratiSThA-paddhati pracalita hoya tema jaNAya che. masya, viSNu, liMga, agni, garuDa, skaMda, bhaviSya ane khAsa karIne viSaNu dharmetaramAM pratibhAvidhAnane lagatI vistRta carcAmAM Ave che. varAhamihiranI bRhatsaMhitAmAM pratimA vidhAnane lagatA cAra adhyA che. AgamagraMtho jevA ke kAmikAgama, suprabhedAgama, khAnasAgama, kAraNagama, aMzumadabhedAgama vageremAM paNa pratimAzAstrane lagatI vipula mAhitI ane sAMgopAMga vivecane jovA maLe che. zaiva taMtrone "Agama" ane vaiSNavataMtrone pAMcarAtra" tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che, paraMtu ahIM e taMtragraMthe sAthe nisbata che, jemAM zAkta zaiva ke vaiSNava devamUtine lagatI carcAo heya, lagabhaga 25 jeTalA taMtragraMthamAM devabhUtionAM rUpavidhAna carcAmAM che. A sarvemAM "hayazIrSa pAMcarAtra" nAmane taMtragraMtha sarvottama che. mahAnirvANataMtra, brahmayAmala, viSNuyAmala ane rudrayAmalataMtra vageremAM paNa pratimAvidhAnanI mAhitI maLe che. zilpazAstranI bhAratamAM be paraMparA che. uttarI athavA nAgarI ane dakSiNa athavA draviDa, uttarI maulInA graMthenA mukhya praNetA "vizvakarmA" gaNAya che.

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32 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUtividhAnanAM lakSaNe e zailInA graMthamAM vizvakarmA-vAstuzAstra, bhejadevanuM "samarAMgaNasUtradhAra' ane bhuvanadevanuM "aparAjitapucho mukhya che. draviDa zailInA graMthanA praNetA maya" che. A zailIne mukhya graMtha "mAnasAra" che. te uparAMta agatyaracita sakalAdhikAra, kazyapane aMzumabhedAgama, mayane mayamata, zrIkumAranuM zilparatna gaNanApAtra che. A sivAya pratibhA-vidhAnanI carcAo rajU karatA graMthomAM pAMcasatradIpikA, caturvarga ciMtAmaNI, mUtidhyAna, mUrtilakSaNa, devatAzilpa, jJAnaratnakeza, zilpasAra, ziparatna, kSIrArNava, dIpArNava vagere noMdhapAtra che. zukranIti, nirNayasiMdhu, dharmasiMdhu, maMtramahArNava, maMtraratnAkara, merutaMtra, zrItattvanidhi, pUjA-paddhatio, pratiSThAvidhio, IzAna-ziva-gurudeva paddhati, haribhaktivilAsa, abhilakSitArthaciMtAmaNimAnasollAsa), kRSNAnaMdatatrasAra vagere mUrtividhAnanI sAmI dharAve che. bauddha pratimA vidhAnamAM "tArAlakSaNa" graMthamAM tArA ane bIjI devIonAM varNana ApyAM che. buddhanI dazatAlamUti mATe tibeTI bhASAmAM dazatAlanyagrodhaparimaMDaLa e buddha pratimA mATe lakSaNa graMtha che. "sAdhanamAlA"mAMthI seMkaDo bauddha pratimAonAM vidhAne maLe che. jaina pratibhAvidhAna mATe keTalAka graMthamAM mAhitI che ke jemAM vAstusAra, aparAjitapUchA, lekaprakAza, AcAradinakara, nirvANalikA, pratiSThAsAroddhAra, dIpArNava, rUpamaMDana, rUpAvatAra vagereno samAveza thAya che. purAvazeSIyaH purAvazeSo paikI mudrAo abhilekha, sikakAo, ane upalabdha zilpakRtio mUrtividhAnanA abhyAsa mATe upayogI che. muddAo H harappIya sabhyatAmAM sacitra mudrAo prApta thaI che. e mudrAo paranAM vividha lAMchanemAM judAM judAM devadevIonAM pratIka jovA maLe che. eka lAMchanamAM devI pIpaLAnA thaDanI be DALIo vacce UbhelI AlekhavAmAM AvI che. keTalAMka lAMchanemAM devane AkAra AlekhavAmAM Avyo che je anukAlIna mahAdevanA svarUpa sAthe ghaNuM sAmya dharAve che. keIka lAMchanamAM prANI mizrita manuSyAkRti daivI svarUpanI dyotaka che. ekazRMgI vRSabha jevA pazunA moM nIce dhUpadAnI ke ramadAnI jevuM pAtra kelI AkRti kayAreka lAMchanamAM jovA maLe che. keTalAMka lAMchanemAM nAgadevane AkAra ane enI sAme bAjaTha para dUdha jevo

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mUrtividhAnaH kalA ane zvAsa padAtha` jaNAya che. eka lAMchanamAM vacce eka vatu La cha bAjue judAM judAM pazunuM DAka... bahAra nIkaLatuM sUryabiMbanuM pratIka lAge che. 33 kADhelu che ne emAMthI dekhAya che. A vartuLa bhITAmAMthI upalabdha keTalIka mudrAe para zivanI ane ziva-pratIkeAnI AkRtie jovA maLe che. A uparAMta viSNu, lakSmI, sUrya, skaMda vagerenI AkRtie paNa aMkita karelI hAya che. rAjadhATamAMnI mudrAo para durgI, sarasvatI, skaMda, sUrya, dhanada vagere devAnI AkRtie jovA maLe che. abhilekhe : azAkanA 4thA zailalekhamAMnA prathama bhAgamAM yiAni ni zabda Ave che, jenA saralAtha devapratimAo thAya che. 66 rAjasthAnanA le!zruNDI nAmanA sthaLe eka vAvanI bhIMta para bhAgavata gAjAyana satAta rAjAe vAsudevanA maMdiranI bhIMta anAyAnA nirdeza che.'' bhAgabhadranA samayanA esanagara garuDa staMbha lekha (prAyaH I. pU. rajI sadI)mAM grIka heliye:dAre vAsudevapUjA mATe garuDa staMbha banAvyAnA ullekha che. zADAsanA mathurA zilAlekha (prAyaH I. pU. 1lI sadIneA pUrvAdha`)mAM pacaSNui mahAvIrAnI devapratimAorA ullekha che. caMdragupta rajAnA uddayagiri guphAlekha (I. sa. 401)mAM viSNunA layanaprAsAda-guphA madirane ane zaMbhu zivAlayane ullekha che. ska MdaguptanA bhitarI zilAsta'bhalekha (I. sa. 455-6)mAM zA''igana devanA devAlayanA nirmAtA nirdeza che. vizvakarmAnA gajadharazilAlekhamAM viSNuprAsAda ane saptamAtRkAgRha vagerenI racanAnA ulekha che. budhaguptanA eraNa pASANa lekha (I. sa. 484)mAM mahArAja mAtRviSNu dvArA janArdananA devAlayanI racanA vize jANavA maLe che. sikkAo prAcIna sikkAe parathI bhAratIya pratIka paraparA ane pratimA paraMparA para prakAza paDe che. ujjana ane enI AsapAsanA pradezamAMthI upalabdha prAcIna sikkAo para ziva-pratimA aMkita che. kuSANa samrATa kaniSkanA sikkAo para muddhanI pratimA akita che. videzI rAjAomAM zakapadbhava ajiliSa, mathurAnA zake kSatrapa rAjuvula ane zeADAsanA sikkAo para gajalakSmInI AkRti jovA maLe che. kAsala, avaMti, vatsa, vagere janapada rAjyeAnA sikkAe para nadinuM cihna ane pa'cAla janapadanA sikkAo para zivaliganuM cihna temaja yaudheyAnA sikkAo para mahAdeva ane kAtti yanI AkRtie jovA maLe che.

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bhAratamAM mUrti pUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNA huviSyanA sikkAo para zava, umAsahita ziva, kArttiya, vizAkha vagerenI AkRti dRSTigAcara thAya che. pAMcAla rAjyanA sikkAomAM indramitranA sikkA para indranI ane agnimitranA sikkA para agninI pratimA jovA maLe che. sUryamitranA sikkA para sUryabiMba ane rudramitranA sikkA para trizULanI AkRti paNa najare paDe che. Ama prAcIna sikkAomAMthI mUrtividhAnane lagatI keTalIka mAhitI maLe che. zilpakRtio : harappIya sabhyatAnA upalabdha, avazeSAmAM paththaranAM zikSeAmAM dhArmika mahimA dharAvatI vyaktinuM zilpa, mAtRdevInI asaTMkhya mUtio, liga ane yAni AkAranA paththarA noMdhapAtra che. 34 vaiddhika kAlanA kAI pratimAnA namUnA maLyA nathI, paraMtu zizunAga ane naMdukAlanAM mUti -svarUpanA keTalAka namUnA prApta thAya che. mAtRdevInAM rUpAMkanevALAM zrIcakrA khAsa noMdhapAtra che. A prakAranAM zrIcakro mathurA, kauzAmbI, rAjadhATa, takSazilA ane vaizAlImAMthI maLyAM che. bihAranA loriyA gAmamAM AvelA eka stUpamAMthI devInu a zamRta suvaNa patra maLI Avyu che. piparAvA (uttarapradeza)mAMthI dhAtumaMjUSA maLI che, jemAM eka suvaNa patra para aMkita karelu mAtRdevInu aMzamrUta zilpa che. mauyakAlIna pratimAomAM pArakhama(mathurA ji.)nI yakSamUrti, paTanAnA didAragajamAMthI maLelI cAmaradhAriNI yakSiNInI mUti prasiddha che. A uparAMta vidizAnI yakSInI mUrti, bharatapura jillAnA nAha gAmanI jakha (yakSa) mUti, paTanA, zUrpAraka, ahicchatrA(u. pra.)nI kuSANakArlIna yakSa mUrtie noMdhapAtra che. guDImalamamAMthI maLelI I. sa.nI 27 sadInI zivanI li'gapratimA noMdhapAtra che. Ama upalabdha prAcIna mUrtie mUrtividhAnanA abhyAsanI dRSTie mahattvanI che.

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prakaraNu 3 mUrtividhAna mATenA padArtho ane enI paddhati X mUrtie banAvavA mATenA prAcIna bhAratamAM pASANa dhAtu, mRttikA (mATI pakavelI temaja kAcI), kASTha, hAthIdAMta, cUneA (Stucco), selakhaDI (Steatite) phrAyensa (dhasIne banAvelI mATI) jevA padArthAMnA prayoga thayelA jovA maLe che. mUtie athavA zikSeAmAM vaparAtA padArthAnA vaparAzanI anukULatA pratikULatA svAbhAvika rIte te pradezamAM sahelAIthI prApta thatA te te prakAranA padArthAne anurUpa hoya che. anukULatAnI bAbatane vicAra karIe te mATI ane lAkaDA jevA padAtha lagabhaga dareka sthaLe maLe te te prakAranI mUrti e badhe maLe che. vaLI viziSTa prakAranuM lAkaDuM. paNa vaparAzanI dRSTie mahattvanuM sthAna bhegave che. pASANa, dhAtu, hAthIdAMta, chIpa vagere padArthoM viziSTa prakAranI kalAkArIgarI mATe temaja saphAIdAra kAma karavA mATe vizeSataH pASANa ane dhAtunI mUrti enA prayAga thayelA najare paDe che. A padArthAMmAM mUrti enA nirmANanI judI judI paddhatio prayeAjAI hatI. ahIM tenuM saMkSepamAM avalAkana karIe. (a) pASANa H mUti nirmANamAM agatyanA padArtha tarIke pASANanA upayAga cheka haDappIya sabhyatAnA kAlathI thatA najare paDe che ane adyApipayaMta te paraMparA cAlu rahI che. bhAratIya zilpa ane sthApatyeAmAM kASTa ane IMTayuga pachI pASANanA upayeAga pahADAmAM guphAo kAtaravAnI prathAthI zarU thaye| hAvAnuM manAya che. sthApatyanI sAthe mUti nirmANamAM paNa pASANanA baheALA prayAga thavA lAgyA. mUrtinA mAdhyama tarIke sAdhAraNa rIte prAdezika pASANanA upayoga thayelA X vizeSa vigatA ane vistAra temaja dRSTAMtA mATe A DeA. pravINacaMdra parIkhanuM pustaka bhAratIya prAcIna zilpakalA.

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ke bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNa jovA maLe che. jemake haDappAnAM zilpa khAsa karIne cUnAnA paththara ke selakhaDInAM banelAM che. A khanija padArtho siMdhanI sthAnika khANAnA che. te pramANe joIe te azakkAlIna mUrtio mirajhApura jillAnA cunAra gAmanI badAmI raMganA retiyA paththaranI banelI che. gAMdhAranI mUrtine paththara aphaghAnistAnanI svAtanI khANamAMthI lavAya che. guptakAlIna mUtiomAM kALI AchI chAMTavALe sapheda paththara vaparAyela che je uttarapradezamAM moTA pramANamAM maLe che. gujarAta ane rAjasthAnanI mUtio sapheda ke lAla retiyA paththaranI che. A paththara sthAnika khANone che. vaLI keTalIka mUtio Arasa paththaranI banelI che. Arasa pahANanI khANe Abu ane jodhapura pAse makarANAmAM AvelI che. mUtio uparAMta pATikA, jalAdhArIo ane liMga vagere kaMDAravA mATe lAvavAmAM AvatI zilAne ghera lAvatAM agAu khANamAMthI bahAra kADhI tenA upara keTalIka dhArmika vidhio karavAmAM AvatI hovAnuM vidhAna agnipurANa Ape che. mUtinI kalpanA mUrtinuM svarUpa ghaDAI taiyAra thatA agAu zilAharaNanA samayathI ja mUrtikAranA hRdayamAM utthAna pAmatI hatI. AvuM ja vidhAna viSaNudharmottarakAre vistArathI karyuM che. pASANamAMthI pratimA banAvavAnI prakriyA prAcInakALathI aghapayata cAlu che. tethI Aje paNa Thera Thera pASANamAMthI mUrtio taiyAra thatI nihALAya che. A prakAre mUtio banAvavAnI prakriyAthI ApaNe mahadaMze mAhitagAra chIe. TAMkaNa vaDe pASANane kaMDArIne zilpI potAne anukULa takSaNakalA vaDe pASANamAMthI devadevInI surekha ane suMdara mUti nirmANa karIne pitAnA manabhAvane abhivyakta kare che. mUrtividhAnamAM mUrtinA vidhAyaka (zilpI)nuM sthAna mokhare che. e mUti kalAne phakta jANakAra nahIM paNa pratimAnI sAthe tanmayatA sAdhI temAM ekarUpa thanAra paNa hA jAIe. Avo mUtikAra mUtimAM devatvanuM sAkAra svarUpa utArI de che. je mUti, surU5, bhAvavAhI, AnaMdadAyaka, ramya na hoya te temAM prabhuno sAkSAtkAra thaI zakato nathI evI mAnyatA che. - mUrti nirmANa mATe zilA parIkSA jarUrI che. mUrti mATe pASANa sAre sakhata ane surucikara hovo joIe. pASANanI parIkSA traNa prakAre thAya che? 1. puMliMga 2. strIliMga 3. napuMsakaliMga. je pASANamAMthI utama raNake uThe te puliMga, jemAMthI madhyama raNake UThe te strIliMga ane jemAMthI raNakI uThe ja nahi te napuMsakaliMga pASANa kahevAya che. puliMga pASANamAMthI devamUrtio banAvavAmAM Ave che. strIliMga pASANamAMthI devInI mUtio, pATikAo tathA

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mRtividhAna mATenAM padArtho ane enI paddhatio zivanI jalAdhArIo banAvavAmAM Ave che, jyAre napuMsaka pASANamAMthI devamaMdira, rAjamahela vagere nirmANa karavAmAM aAve che. mUtionA raMga vize vicArIe to pratyeka mUtinA pRthaka pRthaku varNaraMga, zilpazAstromAM varNavyA che. keTalAka devatAonA varNa suvarNa raMganA che. te temanI mUti pILA raMganA paththaramAMthI banAvavAmAM Ave che. jaina saMpradAyamAM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAthane varNa zyAma che. tethI temanI mUni zyAma raMganA paththaramAMthI banAvavAmAM Ave che. tevI ja rIte zivamaMdiramAM zivaliMgane varNa zyAma ja hoya che. jemAM pracalita soLa vidyAdevIenA varNa paNa bhinna bhinna che. tethI zyAma, pILA, zveta pASANamAMthI temanI mUtio banAvAya che. tevI ja rIte kRSNa, durgA, kAlikAnI mUrtio paNa zivaliMga ane jaina pArzvanAthanI jema zyAma raMganA pASANAmAMthI nimita thatI nihALAya che. Ama devadevInA varNa mujaba je te raMganA pASANamAMthI mUrtio banAvavAno Agraha zilpazAstromAM rAkhavAmAM Avyo che. chatAM je te pradezamAM amuka raMganA pASANa upalabdha thatA hovAthI evA pASANamAMthI mUrti banAvavAnI chUTa paNa apAI che. A rIte devamUtio lAla, zyAma, nIla vagere varNanI banAvAya che. (A) dhAtu : mUrtizilpamAM dhAtune prayoga paththara ane mATIne mukAbale ocho thayelo jovA maLe che. alabatta, dhAtu zilpo paNa cheka haDappA sabhyatAnA kAlathI jevA maLe che, paNa tyArabAda enA namUnA I. pU 1lI sadIthI atyAra sudhI silasilAbaddha maLe che. dhAtu-zilpa banAvavAnI paddhatinuM "bhAnasAra" ane "abhilaSitArtha- ciMtAmaNi (mAnasollAsa)" jevA graMthomAM varNana maLe che. A paddhatine "madhurijhalTa vidyA" kahevAmAM AvatI. AmAM madhuri7STamINa)mAM abhipreta zilpa hAthathI ghaDavAmAM AvatuM. tyAra pachI tenA para mATInuM jADuM paDa caDAvI tene tapAvatAM tenI aMdaranuM mINa pIgaLIne ne kaLI jatAM aMdara mINanA zi95nA ghATanuM pilANa banatuM. emAM garama dhAtu reDIne ThAratAM aMdara dhAtu zilpa taiyAra thatuM. mATInA bIbA ke sAMcAne toDIne zi95 bahAra kADhI levAtuM ane tene jarUriyAta mujaba opa apAto. AvA prakAranAM DhALelAM dhAtu zipanuM vajana ghaTADavA mATe mINanI vacce mATIne eka aNadhaDa lephTa rAkhavAmAM Avato. AthI sAMco pakavatI vakhate mINuM pIgaLI jAya tyAre bheda pAkIne sAMcAmAM yathAvata rahI

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38 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe jato. sAMcAmAM dhAtune DhALatAM A pakava ladA jeTalI jagA kerI rahetI. A rIte dhAtu paNa ochI joItI ane zilpanuM vajana paNa ghaTatuM. Ama bhAratIya dhAtu zilpamAM cheka prAcIna kAlathI "ghana" (nakakara) ane "suSira" (palAM) evA be prakAra najare paDe che. A paddhatie eka sAMcAthI kevaLa eka zi95 ja taiyAra thaI zakatuM. A kAmamAM nipuNa kalAkAro ane kArIgaro rokAyelA hatA. dakSiNamAM 1 phUTa thI 5 phUTa UMcI mUtio moTA maMdiromAM khAsa karIne vArSika utsavo vakhate nIkaLatI devayAtrAmAM laI javA mATe upayogamAM levAtI. AthI te maMdiranI sevya pratimAo karatAM judI hatI. maMdiranI sevya pratimAo haMmezA pASANa ke kASThanI banelI rahetI. e moTA kadanI vajanadAra mUtio devayAtrAmAM laIne pharavA mATe agavaDarUpa banatI, jyAre dhAtu-pratimAo ane mukAbale sagavaDabharI hatI. khAnagI gharamAM upAsanA mATe aneka prakAranI nAnI nAnI dhAtumUrtio banatI hatI. zilpa banAvavAmAM dhAtune prayoga cheka Adya aitihAsika kAlathI thate jovA maLe che. mahejo-daDemAMthI maLelI kAMsAnI natikA enuM udAharaNa che. prinsa oNpha velsa myujhiyama muMbaImAM surakSita tIrthaMkara pArzvanAthanI kAMsya pratimA aitihAsika kAlanI sauthI prAcIna pratimA che. teno samaya I. pUrve 1lI sadIne AMkavAmAM AvyuM che. cIsA( ji. zAhAbAda, bihAra)mAMthI maLelA ane paTane myujhiyamamAM surakSita rakhAyelAM dhAtuzilpomAM eka dhamacakra, eka kalpavRkSa ane 16 jaina tIrthaMkaranI mUrtione samAveza thAya che. paTanAmAMthI maLI Avela ziva pArvatInI suvarNa epita mati paNa noMdhapAtra che. zive mastaka para uSNISa dhAraNa karela che. A zi95 IsunI bIjI sadInuM manAya che. nAgAjunIkeDAmAM thayelA ukhananamAMthI maLI Avela kArtikeyanI mUrti ane gaMdhAramAMthI cothI sadInA pUrvArdhanI banelI eka buddha-mUti AnAM udAharaNa che. | guptakAla daramyAna nirmANa pAmelI mUrtiomAM barlinanA myujhiyamamAM surakSita viSNunI pratimA, sulatAnagaMja (bihAra)mAMthI maLelI ane hAla bamigahAma myujhiyama (IgleMDa)mAM surakSita buddhanI pratimA, siMdhanA mIrapura khAsamAMthI maLelI ane karAMcI myujhiyamamAM surakSita brahmAnI mUti, akoTAmAMthI maLelI jIvaMtasvAmI ane RSabhadevanI pratimAono vizeSa nideza karI zakAya, uttara kAlamAM dakSiNa bhAratamAM devabhUtione dhAtumAM DhALIne banAvavAne vyApaka pracAra thayo. madhyakAlamAM bhaktimArgane prabhAva vadhatAM ghera ghera mUrtipUjA thavA lAgI ? tenI sAthe paNa dhAtumUtio vyApakapaNe banavA lAgI.

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39 mUrtividhAna mATenAM padArtho ane enI paddhatio (I) mRttikA : mATInA mAdhyamathI mUtio banAvavAnI kalpanA kadAca mANasane enI sabhyatAnA AraMbhanA divasomAM AvelI hatI ane Aja dina sudhI aviratapaNe A paraMparA cAlu rahI che. bhAratamAM A kalAno prasAra dakSiNanI apekSAe uttaramAM adhika thayeluM jovA maLe che. enI pAchaLa sAmAnya mANasa paNa mATInA mAdhyamathI potAnI kalA-pratibhA batAvI zake evI cIkaNuM mATI uttara bhAratanAM medAnamAM upalabdha thatI hovAnuM jaNAya che. mATImAM bahu sahelAIthI ghATa nIpajAvI zakAto hovAne laIne taddana prAthamika avasthAnA mAnavothI mAMDIne sabhya mAnavanI sarjanAtmaka jhaMkhanAne emAM AkAra ApyA che. mATImAM ghATa pAmelA AkAranuM vaividhya gharagaththu cIjavastuo ke ramakaDAM pUratuM sImita na rahetAM moTA kadanAM zilpa temaja mUtio sudhI vistareluM jovA maLe che. paththaranAM zilpanI jema mATInAM zilpa paNa lAbA kALa sudhI jaLavAI rahetAM hovAthI ghaNAM prAcIna samayamAM kAcI temaja pakavelI mATInAM zilpanA avazeSa vipula pramANamAM upalabdha thayA che. - bhAratamAM sarva prathama Ava-atihAsika kAla(I. pU. 2500 thI I. pU 1500 )nAM mATInAM pakavelAM zilpa, kulphI, ba, kaTA, temaja haDappIya sabhyatAnAM judAM judAM sthAnomAMthI maLI AvyAM che. A zilpamAM sthAnika lokakalAnuM pratibiMba paDe che. lekakalA tarIke tenuM sAtatya che, atyAra sudhI jaLavAI raheluM jovA maLe che. ethI kalA vivecaka sTelA kemarize A prakAranA mATInAM zilpone kAlAtIta (ageless) tarIke varNavyAM che. paNa e uparAMta samayanI mAMga pramANe ghaDAyelAM zino prakAra paNa vikasAvyuM hatuM, jene sTelA kremarize kAlAdhIna ke kAlAnukramI (timed variation) kahyAM che. ' lokakalAnAM zilpamAM zArIrika racanA para dhaDa, mAthuM, hAtha ane paga jevAM zarIranAM mahatvanAM aMga para dhyAna kendrita kareluM jaNAya che. tenI nirmANapaddhati saraLa hatI. mATInA ledAne sAhajikatApUrvaka hAtha vaDe dabAvI dhaDanuM * nirmANa karI, tenA para alaga alaga banAvelAM mAthuM, hAtha paga vagere cuMTADI Akho deha racavAmAM Avato. aMgaheka, kAna, nAka nAbhi, vALa vagere upAMgonI racanA te para kApA pADIne ke nAnI nAnI TIkaDIe cuMTADIne karavAmAM AvatI. e ja rIte deha para AbhUSanI sajAvaTa batAvavAmAM AvatI. A racanApaddhati "mUrtana-paddhati" (modeling) tarIke oLakhAya che. AvA

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bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtirvidhananAM lakSaNe mUrtanamAM kalAkAranI kalpanA, pratibhA ane sauMdaryabodha badhuM enI kSamatA anusAra vyakta thatuM. tethI A prakAre banelI dareka mUrti pitAnI vizeSatA. dharAvatI. kAlAdhIna zilpa bIbAmAM DhALIne banAvavAmAM AvatAM. AmAM pahelAM kaI zilpa para bhInI mATI dabAvIne enI chApa levAmAM AvatI. e chApane agnimAM pakavatAM tenuM bIjuM taiyAra thatuM. A bIbAmAM mATInA ledA dabAvIne emAM upasAvela zilpa prApta thatuM. tene AvazyakatA anusAra saphAIbaMdha ane suzobhanayukta karavAmAM AvatuM. Ama bIbAnI madadathI ekaja svarUpanA asaMkhya zilpa taiyAra thatAM. zilpa banAvavAmAM ekavaDAM ke bevaDAM bIbAMene prayoga paNa thatA. ekavaDA bIbAthI aMzamata zi95 tayAra thatuM, jyAre bevaDA bIbAthI pUrNabhUta zilpa taiyAra thatuM. bevaDA bIbAthI zilpa vajanamAM bhAre banatAM. AthI enuM vajana ghaTADavA mATe AgaLa ane pAchaLanI be bIbAMonI madadathI zilpane be bhAgamAM taiyAra karI pachIthI tene joDavAmAM AvatuM. jo ke prAcIna kALamAM mukhyatve ekavaDA bIbAne prayoga thato. kAlAdhIna devamUtionA prAcIna namUnA vaizAlI (basADha)mAMthI maLela. paMkhayukta devI, tAmraliptimAMthI maLela pAMkhALA devanA, zilpamAM zAmaLAjI pAse devanI merIne sUpamAMthI maLelI asaMkhya, buddha pUtio vagere gaNAvI zakAya. kAlAtIta ane kalAdhIna baMne prakAranAM zilpone agnimAM pakavatAM pahelAM temanA para mATInuM pAtaLuM astara lagADavAmAM AvatuM, jethI pAkA pachI temanA para camaka AvatI. guptakAlamAM mATInI pratimAo vyApakapaNe banavA lAgI. vaLI enI paddhatimAM paNa vikAsa thaze. AvI mUrtio mukhyatve hAtha dvArA mUrtana paddhatio banAvavAmAM AvatI. alabatta, jarUriyAta anusAra emAM bIbAne prayoga paNa thato. kalAkAra bIbAMonI madadathI judAM judAM aMge taiyAra karI hAtha ane charIthI temane joDI temane alaMkAra AdithI sajAvatA. A paddhatie manuSyakathI paNa meTI mUrtio banAvavAmAM AvatI. AvI moTA kadanI mUtionuM vajana ghaTADavA mATe teo sukAI gayelA chANa para bhInI mATInuM paDa caDAvI tenA para mUrtana karatA. teo pAchaLa ke nIcenA bhAgamAM meTuM kANuM rAkhatA. AthI mUtine pakavatI vakhate aMdaranuM sUkuM chANa baLI jatAM tenI rAkha kANAmAMthI bahAra kADhI levAtI, ane mUti vaccethI polI thatAM tenuM vajana

Page #48
mRtiviMdhAna mATenA padArtho ane enI paddhatio ghaTatuM. A paddhatie banAvelI mUtio rAjaghATa, ahicchatrA vagere sthAnamAMthI maLelI che. ahi chatrAmAMthI maLeluM pArvatInuM mastaka ane mathurAmAMthI maLeluM ane lakhanau myujhiyamamAM surakSita zivanuM mastaka jANe e paththaranI mUti hoya evAM suMdara banyAM che. ahicchatrAmAMthI maLelI eka zira-vihIna pIThAsanastha cAmuMDAnI mUrti, hAla dilhIne nezanala myujhiyamamAM surakSita gagA ane yamunAnI manuSyakadanI mUrtio vagere paNa guptakAlIna mRttikA-pratimAonAM sArAM dRSTAMta che. uttarakAlamAM paNa mATInI pakavelI mUtio banAvavAnI paraMparAmAM mahArASTramAM vinAyakayatuthIne divase banatAM gajAnananAM pUrNa kalAtmaka zilpa tema baMgALamAM sarasvatI ane durgApUjA vakhate banatI mATInI bhavya matio enI pratIti karAve che. (I) kASTha : zi95mAM kASThane prayoga ghaNA prAcIna kAlathI thato hovAnuM jaNAya che. paNa lAkaDuM jaldI nAza pAmatuM hovAthI tene eTalA jUnA namUnA prApta thatA nathI. vaLI A kAraNe paththara, mATI ane dhAtunA mukAbale tene prayoga paNa e thaye che. bhAratamAM kASTha-lAkaDA para kotaraNuM karavAnI prathA Rveda jeTalI prAcIna jaNAya che. RgvadamAM sUryane ratha suMdara kotaraNIvALA hajAra staMbhane hovAno ullekha che. yajJayAgAdine lagatAM tamAma upakaraNe lAkaDAmAMthI banAvavAmAM AvatAM. mahAbhArata, rAmAyaNa, bRhatsaMhitA, bauddhajAtake vagere aneka prAcIna graMthomAM tathA paradezIonAM vRttAtemAM kASThanA siMhAsanadinA ullekha maLe che. bRhatsaMhitAnA vana pravezAdhyAyamAM pratimA mATenA kASThanuM varNana ApyuM che. eka jAtakamAM ubaranA lAkaDAmAMthI pUrA mAnavakadanI pratimA banAvyAno ullekha maLe che. kASThakalAne prAcIna kALamAM "dArUkama "tarIke oLakhavAmAM AvatI. dArU athavA kASThamAMthI mUrtio banAvavAnI paraMparA prAcIna hatI. bhaviSya, matsya, viSNudharmottara vagere purANamAM te kASThama thI pranisAo banAvavAnAM prakaraNo ApyAM che. aparAjitapRchAmAM caMdana, devadArU vageremAMthI liMga banAvavAnuM kahyuM che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa kASThaliMgane kASThamaMdiramAM sthApita karavAno anurodha karyo che. paraMtu kASTha pratibhAone nAza jaladI thavAno saMbhava hovAthI sevyapratimAo pASANa ane dhAtunI banavA lAgI.

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kara bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane matividhAnanAM lakSaNe orissAna jagannAthapurIne maMdiranI kRSNa, balarAma ane subhadrAnI sevya pratimAo kASThanI banelI che te AnuM sarasa daSTAMta che. dara bAra varSe A pratimAo punanirmita karavAmAM Ave che. bhAratamAM jyAM jyAM jagannAthanAM maMdire che tyAM tyAM e mUtie kASThanI ja banAvavAnI paraMparA che. muMbaInA prinsa oNpha velsa myujhiyamamAM surakSita ardhanArIzvaranI eka suMdara kASTha pratimA pATaNamAMthI prApta thayelI che. "jagatasvAmI" nAmathI oLakhAtI sUryanI tathA temanI patnI rannAdevInI kASThabhUtie pATaNanA mahAlakSmIjInA maMdiramAM pUjAya

Page #50
prakaraNa 4. mUrtividhAna : dehamAna ane aMga-upAMga (a) mUrtinA prakAre mUtionA mukhya be prakAra jovA maLe che eka sthAvara ane bIje jaMgama. te cala ane acala evA nAme paNa oLakhAya che. sthAvara sthira eTale ke acala mUtio maMdiramAM sthApita karavAmAM Ave che, jayAre jagama yAne cala mUtio utsavo ane varaghoDAo vagere mATe upayogI hoya che. deva-devIonA varaDA caDAvavAno rivAja prAcIna kALathI jovA maLe che. jemake jaina saMpradAyamAM jaLayAtrA, mALAparidhAna ane bIjA keTalAka utsavo upara devonA bhAre dabadabAvALA varaDA caDAvavAno rivAja prAcIna kALathI pracalita che. Ama bhArata bharamAMthI sthAvara mUtio sAthe cala mUtio upalabdha banI che. gujarAtamAMthI paNa vedika jaina ane bauddha saMpradAyanI calamUtio maLe che. jaina ane vaidika saMpradAyanI to hajAre nAnI moTIdhA mUrtio jovA maLe che. A sivAya mUtino trIjo prakAra kSaNika mUtione che. vrata, anuThAne ane viziSTa prasaMgee mRttikA ke bIjA dravyanI mUti banAvI tenuM pUjana, arcana, balidAna apI te mUtinuM jala-visarjana karavAmAM Ave che. pArthiva liMgapUjAmAM ja navuM zivaliMga banAvI pUjavAnuM vidhAna che. A uparAMta prAcIna bhAratIya mUtinA bIjA aneka prakAre vibhinna daSTikaNathI pADI zakAya che. - kalA kendro ane zailIonI daSTie mUrtionuM vargIkaraNa karavAmAM Ave che. dravya daSTie vicArIe te A prakAranI mUtiomAM pASANu mUtio, dhAtu mUtio, kRttikA mUtio vagerene samAveza thaI zake.

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ja bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNa bhAratamAM je mUti kalA uddabhavI ane vikasI tenA mULamAM dhama raheluM che. bhArata jevA dezamAM judA judA ghaNA sampradAye uddabhavyA che ane vikasyA che ane dareka saMpradAye pitAnI AgavI mUrti kalA janmAvI che ane vikasAvI che. A rIte sAMpradAyika dRSTibiMduthI mUtionuM vargIkaraNa karatAM temAM brAhmaNa dharmanI mUtio, bauddha mUtio ane jaina mUtione samAveza karI zakAya. tevI ja rIte vedanI mUrtio eTale ke vedanA vicAro para AdhArita mUrtio paurANika mUtio ke je purANanA vicAramAMthI taiyAra thayelI heya, tAMtrika mUtio ke je taMtranA siddhAMto para taiyAra thayelI hoya vagere pramANe paNa vagIkaraNa karI zakAya. tevI ja rIte brAhmaNadharmanI mUrtiomAM paNa zaivamUrtio, vaiSNava mUrtio saura mUtio vagere gaNAvI zakAya. A rIte mUtionA aneka rIte prakAre pADI zakAya che. TUMkamAM mUtionA vagIkaraNa mATe vizALa vibhAgamAMthI nAnA sAMkaDA vibhAgamAM javuM paDe che. (A) tAlamAna: ApaNA prAcIna zilpakAroe mUrtinA pAMca bhAga pADayA che. jema ke, nara, krara, asura, bAla tathA kumAra. A pAMca prakAranI mUrti ghaDavA mATe judA judA prakAranA pAMca tAla tathA mAna nakkI karavAmAM AvyAM che e nIce pramANe cheH naramUti #ramati asuramUrti daza tAla bAra tAla soLa tAla bAlamUti pAMca tAla kumAramati cha tAla pratimA vidhAnamAM sauthI vadhu dhyAna ApavA lAyaka vastu hoya te te tenA pratyeka aMgone taiyAra karavAmAM mUrtinA kada pramANenuM yogya mAne che. mAnane

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45 mUrtividhAna : dehamAna ane aMga-upAMga sAdo artha mApa thAya che. mUtivinyAsamAM talamAna vadhu agatya dharAve che. tAla-- mAnanuM keSTaka nIce mujaba che : 8 chAyANuM 1 vAsAgra 8 vAlA.gra 1 lIkSA 8 lIkSA = 1 cUkA 1 yava 8 yava 1 AMgaLa 8 AMgaLI = 1 golaka 2 golaka = 1 kalA 3 kalA = 1 tAla Ama tAla vize ApaNe prAcIna mUti kare cokakasa mApa ApI gayA che. mUrti kAranI potAnI vALelI mahInA cothA bhAgane sAmAnya rIte eka aMgula kahe che. AvA bAra AgaLano eka tAla bane che. mAnanA, A uparAMta pramANa, parimANa, laMbamAna, unAmAna ane upamAna vagere bheda hovAnuM mAnasAra kahe che. mUrtinI laMbAI te mAna, pahelAI te pramANa, paridha ke pharatuM mApa (jADAI) te parimANa mUtinA zirobhAgathI paga sudhI sUra cheDatAM mUrtinA pratyeka aMga ane sUtra vaccenA aMtaranuM mApa te laMbamAna. pratyeka aMganA aMtara vaccenuM mApa tene upamAna kahevAmAM Ave che. tAlAnusArI mUtioH dareka mUtinA rUpavidhAnamAM tAla ane aMgulAdi mAne mukhya bhAga bhajave che. mUrtinA vibhinna avayava mApa sivAya banavA zakaya ja nathI. paraMtu kaI pratimA keTalA tAlanI sAmAnyataH banAvavI te mATe mUtizAstrakAree khUba khUba spaSTatA karI che. jema ke - naramUti : sAmAnya rIte naramati dazatAlanA mApa mujaba naranArAyaNa, rAma, bANa, bali, Indra, bhArgava, arjuna, vagerenI banAvAya che. siddho ane jaina mUtio paNa dasatAlanI ghaDAya che.

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ka bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe ramUti: sAmAnyataH kraramatio eTale ke caMDI, bhairava, narasiMha, hayagrIva, varAha vagerenI mUrtio bAratAlanI banAvavAmAM Ave che. vetAlamUtio paNa bAratAlanI banAvAya che. asuratiH hiraNyakazipu, vRtra, hiraNyAkSa, rAvaNa, kuMbhakarNa, nizuMbha, mahiSAsura, rakatabIja vagerenI mUrtio soLa tAlane mApa mujaba banAvavAmAM Ave che. bAlamUti: - bALakanI mUti eTale ke bAlakRSNa, gopAla, vagerenI mUrtie pAMca tAlanA mApa mujaba banAvAya che. A uparAMta virUpa manuSyo tathA beThelA mAnavo, brahmA, viSNu, ziva, vRSabhanI beThI pratimAo tathA varAha vagerenI mUti paNa pAMca tAlanI banAvavAmAM Ave che. kumArabhUtiH taraNa vayanA jema ke umA, vAmana, vagerenI mUtio sAmAnya rIte cha tAlanI banAvavAmAM Ave che. A uparAMta vinAyaka, varAha, temaja vRSabhanuM madhyama svarUpa cha tAlanuM banAvavAnuM sUcana che. A uparathI joI zakAya che ke mUrti ghaDatI vakhate mukhyatve karIne daza, bAra, soLa, cha ane pAMca tAlane upayoga karavAmAM Ave che. e uparAMta navatalane paNa upayoga thAya che. ene mUrti vidhAnanI bhASAmAM "uttamanavatAla" kahevAmAM Ave che. navatAla mUrtimAM mUrtinA nava samAna bhAga karavAmAM Ave che. AvA pratyeka bhAgane tAla kahevAmAM Ave che. tAlanA cethA bhAgane aMza kahe che. AvA cAra aMzathI eka tAla bane che. uttamamUrtinI UMcAInA chatrIsa aMza athavA navatAla rAkhavAmAM Ave che. navatAlamUtiH (pa-1) uttama navatAla pramANe ghaDavAmAM AvatI mUtinAM vividha aMgenuM amuka cekasa mApa rAkhavAmAM Ave che. te ja pramANe navatAla mUtinAM judAM judAM aMgenAM cekasa mApa paNa ApavAmAM AvelA che. jema ke :

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aMza tAla 1 agra tAla 1 tAla sala 2 tAla 1 aza 2 tAla 1 aza aMgra AuaMga ArA paza tAla esa. havAla aga atha pa atha tAla paTTa-1 W Tvln aMza TvT

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48 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe aMganAma tAla aMgula kezAMta mukha vakSa pradeza udara nAbhinI guhya jAnuM jAdha pada saMkSepamAM joIe te lalATanA madhyabhAgathI haDapacIne nIcenA bhAga sudhI 1 tAla, kaMThanA bhAgathI vakSa:sthaLa sudhI 1 tAla, nAbhi 1 tala, nAbhithI nitaMba 1tAla, nitaMbathI ghUMTaNa 2 tAla, ane ghUMTaNathI paganuM taLiyuM 2 tAla rakhAya che. eja pramANe mastakathI lalATa vacce 1 aMza, ghUMTaNa 1 aMza tathA paga 1 aMza rAkhavAmAM Ave che. pahoLAIne vicAra karIe to mastaka 1 tAla, kaMTha 23 aMza, eka khabhAthI bIjA khabhA sudhI 3 tAla, vakSasthaLa 6 aMza, udara 5 aMza, nitaMba 2 tAla, ghUMTaNa 2 aMza tathA paga 5 aMza rakhAya che. uttama navatAla pramANe mUrtinA hAthanI laMbAInA paNa bhAga pADavAmAM AvyA che. jemake khabhAthI keNI 2 tAla, koNIthI maNibaMdha 6 aMza, hatheLI 1 tAla rAkhavAmAM Ave che. e ja pramANe pahoLAIma chAtInA mULa AgaLane bhAga 2 aMza, keNa 13 aMza, maNibaMdha 1 aMza hoya che. mUrtinuM mukhya traNa vibhAgamAM vaheMcI devAmAM Ave che, jema ke lalATanA madhyathI AMkha sudhI, AMkhathI nAkanA TeravA sudhI ane nAkanA TeravAthI haDapacI sudhIne ema traNa vibhAga paDe che. eja rIte mUrtinA judA judA avayavone mApa paNa ApavAmAM AvyAM che, jemake lalATa 4 AgaLa, nAsikA 4 AMgaLa, nAkanA TeravAthI haDapacI 4 AMgaLa, tathA garadana 4 AMgaLanI banAvavAmAM Ave che. bhavanI laMbAI 4 AMgaLa

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mUrtividhAna : dehamAna ane aM-upAMga rakhAya che. AMkhanI laMbAI 3 AMgaLa ane pahoLAI 2 AgaLa hoya che. AMkhanI kIkIo ethI trIjA bhAganI hoya che. kAnanI UMcAi 4 AMgaLa ane pahoLAI 3 AMgaLa rAkhavAmAM Ave che. hatheLInI laMbAI 7 AMgaLa, aMguThAnI laMbAI 3 AMgaLa, tathA moTI AMgaLInI laMbAI cha AgaLa rakhAya che. aMguThAmAM mAtra be sAMdhA ane bAkInA AMgaLAmAM traNa traNa sAMdhA rakhAya che. pagane uparano bhAga 14 AMgaLa, aMguTho be AMgaLa, tajanI 23 AgaLa anAmikA 1 tathA TacalI AMgaLI 1 AMgaLa jeTalI hoya che. strI smRtio mukhyatve puruSa karatAM eka aMza eTale ke traNa AgaLa nIce rAkhavAnuM sUcana che. TUMkamAM puruSa mUti karatAM strI smRti mApamAM eka aMza nAnI rAkhavAmAM Ave che. bAkI bIjI badhI racanA puruSavata karavAmAM Ave che. paNa strIonA vakSa:pradezamAM bAra AgaLano parighavALAM be stana banAvavA mATe zAstrakAroe sUcavyuM che. strI smRtine paNa sarakhAM nava bhAga pADI, upara jaNAvyA mujaba avayavonI kalpanA karavAno Adeza ApavAmAM Avyo che. tevI ja rIte beThI. satI ke krIDA yA te nRtya karatI mUtiomAM vikRti na Ave tevI rIte suMdara ane saumya rUpavidhAnavALI karavI joIe. Ama, lokakalyANa sAthe AtmakalyANane sAdhavA prabhunuM svarUpa bhavya ane manohara batAvavA zAstrakAroe sUcavyuM che. Asane (paTTa-2) Asanane sAmAnya artha besavuM agara besavAnuM sAdhana evo thAya che. mUti vinyAsamAM Asano mahatvanuM sthAna dharAve che. Asana banAvavAmAM samasta zarIrane upayoga thAya che. temAM hAtha paga, AMgaLIo vagerene niyamabaddha vALavAnI hoya che. judA judA graMthakAroe mUrti e mATe keTalAMka Asano ja sucyAM che. padmAsana khAsa karIne A Asana beThI pratimAmAM vaparAya che. be paganI eDIo sAmasAmI jAMghanA mULane aDADI palAMThI vALI besavAthI padmAsana thAya che. moTA bhAganI bauddha ane jaina mUtio A AsanamAM kaMDArelI hoya che. yogAsana : ga sAdhanA karavA bhegI je Asana jamAve che tevuM padmAsanane lagabhaga maLatuM ja A Asana che. baMne paga jadhAnI nIce dabAvI palAMThI vALatAM baMne hAthe kheALAmAM uparAuparI rAkhavAmAM Ave tene "gAsana" kahe che. jaina tIrtha

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50 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane matividhAnanAM lakSaNe karanI mUtiomAM Aja Asana khAsa karIne hoya che. RSi munio, brahmA, vigaNa ane Indra vagerenI keTalIka mUtiogAsanavALI jevAmAM Ave che. vIrAsana eka paga bIjA para caDAvI, nIcenA paga saheja khulato rAkhatAM palAThIvALI besavAthI vIrAsana thAya che. taMtrasAra ane vasiSTha baMnee vIrAsana mATe Aja bhUrtinI sAbhaMga te jamAno. SN'S - st, : FIE , WA samapAda...brahmA AbhaMga...viNa tribhaMgasarasvatI atibhaMga...gaNeza I padmAsana lalitANata T EAsana che. che palaina- pAdatad | vIrAsa A ADhiANanA paTTa-2

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mUtividhAna : dehamAna ane aMga-upAMga -lakSaNe sUcavyAM che. keTalIka mUtiomAMthI A Asana jevAmAM Ave che. mUtivijJAnanA vidvAna lekhaka zrI khare tene mATe bIje eka prakAra jaNAvatAM kahe che ke "eka paga vALIne besI, bIjo paga Ubho sIdho rAkhavAthI vIrAsanane avara prakAra bane che." svastikAsana yogAsana ane padmAsananI mAphaka svastha AsanavALI palAMThI vALatAM paganI AMgaLIo Uru tathA jAnunI vacce rAkhavAthI A Asana bane che. paryakAsana paganA ghUMTaNa upara besavuM athatu sAdI palAMThIvALI besavuM tene paryakAsana kahe che. adhaparyakAsana palAMThI vALI eka paga nIce laTakato agara Ubho rAkhavAthI A Asana bane che. arthAt adhIra palAMThI hovAnA kAraNe tenuM adhapaya'ka evuM nAma paDayuM che. umAmahezvara, lakSmInArAyaNa, brahmAsAvitrI, vagerenI yugala mUtiomAM A Asana jovA maLe che. khAsa karIne ziva, viSNu vagere devo adhayakAsana vALI beThelA hoya che. A sivAya sarasvatI, kRzadarI vagere keTalIka devIonI mRtiomAM paNa A Asana jevAmAM Ave che. TUMkamAM beThI mUtiomAM ardha paryakano pracAra vadhu thayo hovAnuM jaNAya che. vajAsana paga upara paga caDAvI palAMThI vALatAM be hAthanA paMjA ghUMTaNa upara UMdhA mUkavAthI A Asana thAya che. vajanavALI matio bhAgye ja jovA maLe che. AlIdrAsana DAbo paga ghUMTaNamAMthI vAMke vALI, jamaNe paNa tenI pAchaLa sIdhe paNa saheja vAMke rAkhI jamaNA paganI pAnI vAMkI rAkhavAthI AlIDhAsana bane che. vArAhI ane mahAlakSmInI mUtiomAM keTalIka vakhata A Asana jevAmAM - Ave che. mArutinuM A mukhya Asana che. hiMdI pahelavAne pavitrAmAM Aja Asana kare che.

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para bhAratamAM mUrti pUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe pratyAlIDhAsana AlIDhAsanathI viruddha eTale jamaNA paga AgaLa lAvI vAM rAkhatAM, DAbe paga saheja vAMkA rAkhI te paganI pAnI vAMkI rAkhavAthI A Asana khane che. kAtyAyinI ane mahiSamardinInI mUrtie A AsanavALI banAvavA mATe sUcavyuM che. agnipurANa paNa AlIDha, pratyAIDha AsatAnI AvI ja vyAkhyA Ape che. musalamAna pahelavAne kustInA pavitrAmAM A Asanane upayAga kare che. sApAzrayAsana aMte paga pAse yeAgapaTTaka nAmanA lAkaDAnA pATale rAkhI tenA upara chUTI palAMThI vALavAmAM Ave tene sApAzrayAsana kahevAmAM Ave che. brahmA ziva,. vagerenI keTalIka prAcIna mUrti`e! AvAM AsanavALI kavacit jovAmAM Ave che. yAgaprakriyAmAM A AsananA spaSTa ullekha hAI patajalie yeAgazAstramAM tenI noMdha lIdhI che. sukhAsana tenA vAgyAtha ja sUcave che ke sukhethI besI je AsanathI sukha ane AnaMa prApta thAya tevI ArAmathI saheja ADA paDavAmAM Ave tene sukhAsana lAge che ke te adha`paya...kAsanane maLatuM hovuM joIe, utkaTAsana zakAya tevu. Asana agara ekane sukhAsana kahe che. kahI zakAya. anumAnathI ApaNA vRddha puruSe. keTalIka vakhata TaTTAra besavA mATe khesa vITI bese cheH tevuM A Asana che. baMne paga UbhA, pAchaLanA kulAne bhAga jamInane aDADelA temaja khate pageA AMTImAM rAkhavAthI utkaTAsana thAya che. mAMsana khate paga vALI tenI pAnIe kulAne aDADI besavAthI kUrmAMsana ane che. lagabhaga ceAgAsanane maLatu. A Asana che. lalitAsana A AsanamAM eka paga vALI khIjo laTakatA rAkhavAmAM Ave che. tenA be bheda che. DAkhA paga vALI jamaNA paga laTakatA rAkhavAmAM Ave te

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tividhAna : dehamAna ane aMga-upAMga 53. savya lalitAsana ane jamaNo paga vALI DAbe laTakate rAkhavAmAM Ave tene vAmAM lalitAsana kahe che. siMhAsana kurmAsana vALI baMne ghUMTaNa upara hAthanAM AMgaLAM chUTAM mukI meM pahoLuM ane AMkha baMdha karavAthI siMhAsana thAya che. pretAsana pretanI mAphaka stabdha cattA suI rahI, baMne hAtha sIdhA zarIrane aDADavA. tene pretAsana kahe che. pralaMbAsana khurazImAM besIe e Dhabe paga ghUMTaNethI vALI laTakatA rAkhavAthI A Asana bane che. bhAvibuddha maitreyanI AvI eka mUti IlerAnI guphA naMbara 4mAM AvelI che. (I) bhaMgIo (paTa-2) mUtio beThI, UbhI zayana karatI ke caritrAtmaka vividha kAryo karatI jovA maLe che. AmAM ziva tAMDava, kRSNanI govadhanadharaNa, devInI yuddha karatI mUrtio vagereno samAveza thAya che. mUrtionA vividha prakAramAM koI saMpUrNa sIdhI TaTTAra te kaI saheja vAMkI, jyAre zarIranA badhA aMgethI vaLelI, temaja judA judA abhinaye vyakta karatI jaNAya che. mUti-vijJAnamAM A prakArone bhaMga evI saMjJAthI oLakhavAmAM Ave che. mAnasAre bhaMgIone kula cAra prakAre samabhaMga, tibhaMga, tribhaMga ane atibhaMga jaNAvyA che. samabhaMga je mUti tadana sIdhI pachI te UbhI hoya ke beThI, jenuM madhya sUtra pagathI mAthA sudhI sIdhuM heya, baMne bAjunA avayavo eka sarakhA nIcA UMcA ke mUkelA nahi tevA, DAbI tathA jamaNuM be bAjuthI sarakhA hoya tevI mUtine samabhaMga ke samapAda kahevAya che. buddhanI pratio samabhaMgavALI hoya che ane devanI paNa samabhaMga mUtio vipula pramANamAM maLe che.

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54 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane pratividhAnanAM lakSaNe AbhaMga je mUti sIdhI paNa mAthAnA bhAga AgaLathI saheja jamaNI bAju mUkelI arthAta mAthA pAsethI thoDI vAMkI ane kaTI pAsene bhAga nahIM jevo bAju vaLelo hoya te AbhaMgavALI mUti kahevAya che. bodhisatva, RSio, munio ane dhArmika manuSya, sevA vagerenI mUrti mukhyatve AmaMgamAM hoya che. tribhaMga sAmAnya rIte chAtI, nAbhi, ane pagane ghUMTaNa pAsethI ema zarIramAM traNa sthaLe jhUkelI kamaLadaMDa jevI bhArathI lacelI agni javALA jevI vaLAMka letI mUtine tribhaMga mati kahevAmAM Ave che. khAsa karIne yugala mUtiomAM AvA tribhaMge jovA maLe che. tribhaMga mUtiomAM kalA sauSThava vizeSa khIleluM jovA maLe che. mUrti je vAMkI hoya to tenA vidhAnamAM virUpatA Ave che. paNa mUrtinA keTalAMka aMgenA vaLAMke svayaM mUrtinA lAlityamAM saudaryamAM ke bhAva nirdezanamAM je advitIya AkarSaNa sAdhI utkRSTa lAvaNya vyakta karatAM hoya to tene tribhaMgI ke lalitabhaMgIvALI mUrti tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. mUrtiomAM A bhaMga vadhu jaNAya che. asarAo, kAmakelinA prasaMge tathA nRtyanA keTalAka prasaMge tribhaMgamAM jovA maLe che. atibhaMga atibhaMgamAM traNa karatAM vadhu avayamAM vaLAMka saMbhavI zake che. je mUrtimAM vadhu mareDa hoya, vadhu vaLAMke hoya ke jenAM aMge ghaNAM ja mUkelAM hoya, tevI mUrtine atibhaMgavALI kahevAmAM Ave che. zivanuM tAMDava nRtya, asarAonAM keTalAMka nRtya ane yuddha karatI mUnio khAsa karIne atibhaMgavALI banAvavAmAM Ave che. (u) mudrAo paTTa-3) mUtizAstramAM mudrAonuM sthAna anokhuM che. devonA hAthanI keTalIkavAra judI judI mudrAo hoya che. A muddAo saMketasUcaka hoya che. hastanI keTalIka mukhya mudrAo A pramANe che:

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mUtividhAna : dehamAna ane agaupAMga abhayamudrA tenA vAgyAtha uparathI ja samajI zakAya che ke mudrA abhaya ApatI hAya. arthAt je nizAnI-sa Mta vaDe sAmA manuSyane abhaya prApta thAya, rakSaNa thAya tevI mudrA banAvavA mATe hAthanA pajo UbhA rAkhI, AMgaLIe saheja nIcI 20) akSaya gajahasta-daMDa hasta bhUmisparza aMjali parada kayavalaMbita dhyAna ke yoga va-mUrtionI sAta namaskAra vitarka mudrAo tarjatI 53 vismaya dharmacakra kaTaka hasta ke siMhakaC

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5 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUtividhAnanAM lakSaNe namelI ekamekane aDelI hoya tevA prakAranI hastanI sthitine abhaya mudrA kahe che. dA. ta., tripurAdevI, pArvatI, IzvarI, buddhane hasta A mudrAmAM hoya che. varadamudrA A varadAna ApatI mudrA che. A mudrAmAM DAbA hAthanI hatheLInI AMgaLIo nIce namelI sthitimAM rAkhavAmAM Ave che. dA. ta., raulekaya, vijayAdevI. kaTakamudrA (sihakarNamudrA) A mudrAmAM hAthanA aMgUThAnI Toca pAse badhI AMgaLIonI Te bhegI karavAthI A mudrA bane che. ane tene AkAra siMhanA karNanA AkAra je banato hovAthI tenuM aparanAma siMhakarNamudrA che. devIenA hAtha A mudrAmAM hoya che. tevI ja rIte viSaNune hAtha paNa A mudrAmAM hoya che. sUcimudrA sUci mudrAmAM nIce paDelI vastu banAvavAne bhAva hoya che jyAre tajanI mudrA hastanI uparanI vastu batAve che. tajanI mudrA hAthanA aMgUThAnI samIpanI AMgaLIne tajanI kahe che. tajanI mudrAmAM tajanI sIdhI UbhI hoya che. ane tenI pachInI traNeya AMgaLIo aMgUThAvALI dabAyelI rAkhavAmAM Ave che. bhaya, Thapaka, cetavaNI vagere bhAvonI abhivyakti A mudrAnA upayoga mATe thAya che. dA. ta., sUryane pratihArenI mudrA A prakAranI hoya che. kaTacavalaMbita keDa upara eka hAtha mUkavAthI A mudrA bane che. ArAmane, mUtino bhAva vyakta karavA mATe A muddAne upayoga thAya che. dA. ta., viThobAnI mUrti A mudrAmAM hoya che. daMDaharata (gajahasta) daMDanA AkAre hAthInI sUMDha pramANe hAthane lAMbe kavAthI A mudrA bane che.

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mUrtividhAna : dehamAna ane aMgaupAMga aMjalimudrA e hAtha bhegA karI khAsa banAvavAthI A mudrA bane che. te uparAMta e hAthathI hatheLIe ekabIjA sAthe joDIne chAtI samIpa rAkhavAthI paNa A mudrA bane che. A mudrAmAM aghya ApavAnA ke prAthanAnA bhAva vyakta thatA hAya che. vismayamudrA A mudrA Azraya vyakta kare che. * ekadama aca e-vismaya pAmavAthI kudaratI rIte ja jema hAtha UMcA thaI prakAranA hastanI sthitine vismayamudrA kahe che. AMgaLI chUTI paDI jAya che te chinnamudrA 57 tajanI ane agUThe bhegA karI vIMTI jevA vRttAkAra banAvatAM A mudrA ane che. ane vyAkhyAna mudrA, jJAna mudrA ke saMdarza mudrA paNa kahe che. cogamudrA ane paga vaDe padmAsanavALI kheALAmAM eka hatheLI para khIjI hatheLI rAkhavAthI A mudrA bane che. bauddho ane jaitAnI Asanastha pratimAe A mudrAmAM heAya che. te uparAMta viSNu ane zivanI mudrA paNa yAgamudrAmAM hAya che, tene jyAna mA samAdhi mudrA paNa kahevAmAM Ave che. tattvamudrA madhyamA agara anAmikA ane aMgUThA vaDe vITI jevA AkAra banAvI bAkInI AMgaLIe chUTI rAkhavAthI tattvamudrA thAya che. tAMtrika prayAgAmAM tene khAsa upayAga thAya che. mUrti emAM paNa te kavacit jovA maLe che. karaNasiMha mukhamudrA tanI ane kaniSThikA khullI rAkhI, aMguThAnI sAthe Toca sAthe bhegI karavAthI A keta`rImudrA bAkInI be AMgaLIe saheja mudrA bane che. avaLo hAtha khabhA sudhI UMcA karI anAmikA ane aMgUThA kha'tenI TAcA bhegI karatAM vIMTI jevA AkAra banAvI madhyamA ane tajano e AMgaLI A UbhI haraNanA kAna jevI rAkhavAthI A mudrA bane che.

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58 bhAratamAM mUrti pUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe capeTadAnamudrA thappaDa mAravA mATe hAtha ugAmavAmAM Ave tene capeTadAna mudrA kahevAmAM Ave che. tapa NamudrA aMjalinI mAphka e hAthane khabhA sudhI UMcA rAkhavAthI A mudrA ane che. bhUmispeza`mudrA palAMThI vALIne besI eka hAtha ghUMTaNa upara mUkatAM AMgaLA jamIna sudhI aDADavAthI A mudrA khane che. yuddha ane dhyAnI muddomAM A mudrA khAsa jaNAvelI hAya che. dhama cakramudrA tenA cit, sadaeNzana, vita ka, vyAkhyAna vagere aneka nAmeA che. tajanI ane kaniSThikAne UbhI rAkhI madhyamA tathA anAmikAnI madhyamAM agUThA rAkhavAthI A mudrAnu. sayAjana sAdhI zakAya che. hariNa judrA phakta tanI UbhI rAkhI bAkInI cAreya AMgaLIone vALI nAkhatA aMguThA vaDe dAkhI aMguThe UbhA rAkhavAthI A mudrA khane che. A uparAMta anya mudrAomAM yeAnimudrA patAkA, tripatAkA jevI mudrAone paNa samAveza thAya che. uttara bhAratanI mUrtiomAM vizeSa karIne abhaya, vara, tarjanI, jJAnamudrA ane bhUmispaza mudrA dRSTi geAcara thAya che, jyAre dakSiNa bhAratIya mUti par parAmAM kaTaka, kaeNTayavalakhita, sUci, vyAkhyAna, jJAna ane gajada MDa mudrA vizeSa jovA maLe che.

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prakaraNa pa mUrtividhAna: dehabhUSA, upakaraNA, vAhanA vagere (a) vastraparidhAna mUrti enI vezabhUSAmAM sutarAu ke rezamI kApaDa athavA mRga ke vAdhatu cama` vaparAya che. sutarAu ane raMgIna kapaDAM vividharaMgI hAya che. vyAghracama rezamI ke sutarAu kApaDa upara paheravAmAM Ave che, jyAre mRgacama zarIra upara eDhavA mATe vaparAya che. mRgacama paheravAnI eka paddhati yajJopavitanI jema che. temAM cama DAbA khabhA upara thaIne pharIthI DAbA khabhAnA pAchaLanA bhAga sudhI Ave che, ane mRgazIrSa AgaLanA bhAgamAM vakSaHsthaLa upara laTakatuM hAya che. pAchaLanA hiMdu devAnAM zikSeAmAM DAbethI jamaNI bAjue chAtI upara thaIne yajJopavita jAya che. guDImalamamAM zivanuM dhaNu prAcIna zilpa che. paraMtu temAM yajJopavita jaNAtuM nathI. temAM zivanI mUrtine mAtra e hAtha che. sAmAnya rIte zivanI mUrtine cAra hAtha hovA joIe. hiMdu zilpanI mUti emAM yajJopavitanI rajUAta kayArathI thaI te kahevuM azakya che. paraMtu mI. vinsenTa smithanA mata pramANe yajJopavitanI prathA gupta samayathI jaNAya che. vaLI cAlukayapahalava samayanA prAraMbhika kALamAM paNa najare paDe che. ahI yajJopavita lUgaDAnI paTInI rIte zarIra parathI pasAra thAya che. AgaLanA bhAgamAMthI tenI gAMTha vALavAmAM Ave che. prAcIna vezabhUSAnA pItAMbara, uSNISa (pAlaDI) upavastra khesa vagerenA prasAra Aje paNa vidyamAna che, chatAM prAMtIya bhedyane kAraNe keTalAka taphAvata paridhAnamAM heAya te svAbhAvika che. sadhaLA devAnAM vapnAmAM mukhya pItAMbara, uSNISa yA tA mukuTa ane upavastranA ullekhA te hAya che ja, paraMtu sUrya ane khIjA keTalAka devAnAM vaNatAmAMthI navIna vastraparidhAnanAM nAmeA maLe che, jenI TUMka vicAraNA sAdara karavAnI jarUrata rahe che. uddIcyavezane sAmAnya artha uttara pradezamAMnI vezabhUSA '' evA thAya che. sUryanA svarUpa varNa namAM udIcya vezanA khAsa nirdeza che. sUryanI prAcIna

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nati mathi dhamAlA. --- 5) . upagrIvA - grIvA -haDakAsa uraHsUtra pralaMbahAra yura dhana : udabaMdha kaTisatra haka valaya, - kaTima amekhalA hAma uMjAla) vanamAla - - --pAThavaNa: Mla. devezatAlaMkAra ORNAMENTS VOF ICON paTTa 4

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mUrtividhAna : dehabhUSA, upakaraNe vAhane vagere pratimAomAM teNe lAMbe jhabbe, ApaNa vRddhonA aMgarakhA jevo paherele jaNAya che. pagamAM ghUMTaNa DhaMkAI jAya tevA lAMbA holabUTa paherelA jovAmAM Ave che. kRtivAsa carmanuM baneluM hoya che. A zaMkaranuM priya paridhAna che. sAmAnya rIte te eka prakAranuM kavaca che. vIraveza dhAraNa karanAra skaMda, sUya vagerenAM varNanamAM Ane ullekha jovA maLe che. (A) alaMkAre (paTTa-4) mUtinA kalAvidhAnamAM vastro ane alaMkAro tenA sajananI sAthe ja je te sthAnone yogya batAvelAM hoya che. eTale ke ApaNI badhI pratimAo vastrAlaMkArathI yukata banAvelI hoya che. hiMdu mUtividhAnamAM badhI ja pratimAo vastrAlaMkAra dhAraNa karatI ja banAvavAmAM Ave che, jyAre jainonA digaMbara saMpradAyamAM nagna mUrtio maLe che. AvI pratimAnuM kalAvidhAna ja vivastratA vyakta kare che. jainonA vetAMbara saMpradAyanI pratimAone zarIra upara koIpaNa prakAranA alaMkArenuM rekhAMkana batAvavAmAM AvatuM nathI. kAraNake yogIo ane tapasvIone alaMkAranI AvazyakatA nahIM hovAthI, temanA mATe tevAM rekhAMkane jaina mUtividhAnamAM jaNAvyAM nathI. prAte prAMtanI pratimAonAM AbhUSaNo ane vezabhUSAmAM vaividhya jovA maLe che. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa pratimA kayA prAMtanI haze tenI oLakha paNa tenA alaMkAro parathI thaI zake che. alaMkAromAM paNa keTalAka evA mAlUma paDyA che ke, je amuka yuganI pratimA hovAnuM sUcave che. Ama alaMkAre prAMtIyatA ane kALa samajavA mATe paNa vadhu upayogI che. alaMkAranI sajAvaTa pratimAne anurUpa karavI paDe che. jemake devone rAjAonA jevAM AbhUSaNo, sainikane vIraveza ane tevA alaMkAre, yogIone tapasvI jevA valkalAdi ane jaTAmukuTo jyAre devIone mahArANI jevA ratnAlaMkAre dharAvavAno nirdeza che. tethI ja viSNu, indra, kubera vagerenI rAjakIya AbhUSaNovALI sUrya, caMdra, skaMda vagerenI sanika jevI vIravezayukta, ziva, agni, brahmA vagerenI mahAyogI jevI ane durgA, lakSmI.. IMdrANI, kauberI vagere devIonI mahArANI jevI pratimAo darekane egya AbhUSaNanI sajAvaTavALI banAvavAnuM zAstrakAre kahe che. AbhUSaNanA patrakalpa, citrakalpa, ratnakalpa, ane mizraka5 ema cAra prakAre che. sArvabhauma samrATa patraka95 sivAyanA traNe kalpanA alaMkAro dhAraNa karI zake che, jyAre narendro ane adhirAjAone ratnakalpa karavAno adhikAra hoya che. patrakalpanA adhikArI yogIo manAya che. paraMtu tenA ane mizrakalpane alaMkAre sarva keI dhAraNa karI zake che.

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12 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUtividhAnanAM lakSaNe prAcInakALamAM zirobhUSaNamAM khAsa karIne rAjAo mukuTa dhAraNa karatA hatA. paNa vividha prakAranA mukuTo devonA mastaka upara banAvavAnuM zAstrakAre kahe che. mAnasAra ane zilparatnano kartA eka prakAranA mukuTa ane kezabaMdhanA ullekha ApatA deve tathA samrATathI mAMDIne nAnA saradAra sudhInA rAjA rANIe mATe nIce pramANe mukuTonI noMdha kare che 1. kirITa mukuTa 2. karaMDamukuTa 3. jAmukuTa 4. zirastraka 5. kezabaMdha 6. dhamila alakacUDaka, puSpa54, ratnapaTTa, vagere vividha prakAranA mukuTa ane tene dhAraNa karatAM devadevIonAM nAma nIce mujaba varNavI zakAya ? 1. jaTA mukuTa - brahmA ane ziva , 2. kirITa mukuTa - viSNu ane vAsudeva 3. karaMDa mukuTa - anya devI devatAo 4. zirastrANa - yakSa, nAga, vidyAdhara 5. kuMtala mukuTa - sarasvatI, sAvitrI 6. kezabaMdha mukuTa - bAlakRSNa 7. dhagnila mukuTa - vividha devIe 8. alakacUDaka - rAjA - rANIo 9. mukuTa 5TTa - rAjA - mahArAjA, rANIo. A uparAMta manuSyamAM sArvabhauma cakravatIe kirITamukuTa, adhirAje ane naredroe karaMDamukuTa dhAraNa karavAno Adeza che. te ja pramANe sArvabhauma cakravatI mahArAjanI rANIe kuMtalamukuTa, adhirAja ane nareMdronI patnIe kezabaMdha temaja parNika, paTTadhara, maMDaleza ane pabhejanI strIoe dhammilla tathA temaja astragrAhimanI patnIe alakacUDa paheravAM yaMgya che. rAjAo pachI nAnA saradAre ane mAMDalikAnA zirastrANAmAM sUcavyuM che ke paTTadharee patra, pASNi ke ratnapaTTa, paTTabhoje puSpapaTTa ane prabhAkara tathA annaprAhie puSpa mAlyanA mukuTa dhAraNa karavA joIe. A uparAMta astra grAhinathI AraMbhI sArvabhauma rAjAo sudhI nareMdronA prakAre, temanI samRddhi ane yogya lakSaNe vagerenI vistRta noMdha mAnasAramAM sarasa rIte ApavAmAM AvI che.

Page #70
mRtividhAnaH dehabhUSA, upakaraNe vAhane vagere zire vibhUSaNa : mukuTanA jevuM A paNa mAthA upara paheravAnuM eka AbhUSaNa hevAnuM manAya che. cUDAmaNi: - mukuTa, kezabaMdha, basmila ke pheTa upara dhAraNa karavAnI kalagIne cUDAmaNi kahevAmAM AvatI heI, moTe bhAge te ratnajaDita banAvavAmAM Ave che. kaMDalaH - kaMDala kAnanA AgaLanA bhAgamAM paheravAmAM AvatuM, mUtiomAM kaMDalanuM kalAvidhAna vividha prakAre thatuM jovA maLe che? 1. patrakuDaMla 5. ratnakuMDala 2. siMhakuMDala 6. zaMkhapatrakuMDala 3. sarpakuMDalA 7. gajakuMDala 4. vRttakuMDala 8. makarakuMDala A uparAMta grAhakaMDala, svarNatATaka, kaNika, karNapatra, kapUra, karNAvalI vagere prakArone paNa samAveza thAya che. makara kaMDalano AkAra mukhyatve masyAkRti jevo hoya che. viSNu, Indra, skaMda, sUrya vagere devonA kuMDala A prakAranA hoya che. jyAre grAhakaMDalano AkAra magaranA mukha je karavAmAM Avato hoI tene upayoga vizeSataH devIonA kalAvidhAnamAM thatA. svarNatA/ka e paNa devInuM alaMkAra che. karNapUraka paNa tene maLatuM ja karNabhUSaNa che. karNavalI nAmanuM AbhUSaNa khAsa karIne pArvatI ane bIjI keTalIka devIo mATe vaparAya che. karNikAne upayoga kAlInA kaNabhUSaNamAM ja thAya che. hAra ane mAlA: hAra ane mAlA ekaja arthamAM vaparAya che. chatAM baMnenuM saMyeAjana jadI judI rIte karavAmAM AvatuM hovAthI pratyeka mAlA keTalIka viziSTatA dharAve che. hAramAM suvarNanA maNakA, motI vagere ekase AThanI saMkhyAmAM gUMthelAM hoya che. 64 maNakAvALA hArane ardhahArathI saMbodhavAmAM Ave che. hAra e gaLAnuM AbhUSaNa che. gaLAnI nIce ane chAtInI vacce tenuM kalAvidhAna karavAmAM Ave che. A ratnajaDita alaMkAre che.

Page #71
4 bhAratamAM smRti pUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNA mAlAnA paNa judA judA prakAreA che, jemAM nakSatramAlA, vanamAlA, ruDamAlA (muMDamAlA) puSpamAlA vagere mukhya che. sattAvIsa meAtI ke suvarNInA makA, patra, puSpA jemAM gUMthavAmAM Ave che tene nakSatramAlA kahevAmAM Ave che, jyAre puSpA-patrothI je mAlAnuM sarjana karavAmAM Avyu hoya ane je DhIMcaNa sudhI lAMbI hAya temaja madhyamAM sthUla ane khaMte cheDe pAtaLI heAya tevI suMdara mAlAne vanamAlA kahevAmAM Ave che. manuSyanA TuMDa (bhuMDa-mAthA)mAMthI banAvelI mAlAne ruDamAlA ke muMDamAlA kahe che. kAli tathA rudra anya mAlAne nahI. dhAraNa karatAM khAsa karIne ruDamAlAne ja dhAraNa kare che. tevI ja rIte vanamAlA viSNunI priyamALA che. nakSatramAlA khAsa karIne devIe dhAraNa kare che. mauktikamAlA yAne muktAhAra devA ane devIe baMne dhAraNa karI zake che. kAmana A paN mAlAne ja eka prakAra che. dAmna' zabdaneA sAmAnya atha "dAra u... " thAya che te parathI dAmananA AkAra paNa dvArA jevA, suvaNaeN nimi`ta banAvavAmAM AvatA haze, stanasUtra H - (uraHsUtra) stanasUtramAM puSpA, patro vageretu" Alekhana karIne tenuM kalAvidhAna ekadama suMdara karavAmAM AvatuM. kayAreka stanamUtrA maNiyukta suvarNanAM banAvAtAM. te skaMdha upara dhAraNa karAvIne stanane pUrNatayA AvRtta kare te rIte A AbhUSaNane dhAraNa karAvavAmAM AvatuM. A AbhUSaNa khAsa karIne devI pratimA mATe prayeAjavAmAM AvatuM. udarabaMdha : - peTanI samIpa, suvaNa ane ratnajaDita paTAnu' je klAvidhAna karavAmAM Ave che tene udaraadha kahe che. kaTisUtra H - keDanI AsapAsa bAMdhavAmAM AvatA paTAne kaTIsUtra tarIke oLakhavAmAM AvatA hatA jenI nIce keTalIka vAra nAnI ghUdharIe paNa laTakAvavAmAM AvatI hAvAnuM jaNAya che. A alakAra hAlanA kadArAne anurUpa haze evA taka che.

Page #72
mUrtividhAna : dehabhUSA, ucharaNe vAhane vagere mekhalA ; - kaDanI nIce kaTisUtrathI nIcenA bhAgamAM bAMdhavAnuM A AbhUSaNa che. suvarNa sivAya maNi ke ratnanI mekhalAne maNimekhalA ke ratnamekhalA kahevAmAM Ave che. lakSmI, pArvatI, annI vagere devIonI prAcIna mUtiomAM keDanI nIcenA bhAgamAM A alaMkAra jovA maLe che. kaMcUkaH - Aje strIo pahere che tevI coLI ke jAkITanA je tene AkAra hoya tema lAge che. te suvarNanuM paNa banAvavAmAM AvatuM. tene suvarNacUka kahevAmAM AvatuM. kaMcUkane sAmAnya artha kAMcaLI thAya che. devIonA vakSa pradezanuM A AbhUSaNa dedIpyamAna kavaca jevuM lAge che. durgA, lakSmI, IdrANI, vagere devIonI keTalIka pratimAmAM te jovA maLe che. nUpura : - page paheravAnA jhAMjharanuM saMskRta nAma nUpura che. suvarNa ke ratnajaDita paTTo banAvI, tenI nIce nAnI ghUgharIo mUkavAmAM Ave tene nUpura kahevAmAM Ave che. A paTTAnI aMdara kalAkAra judA judA prakAranAM puSpa, patro, kalikAo vagere vyakta karI adbhuta kalAnidarzana kare che. pAdajAlabhUSaNa - tene AkAra nUpurane maLato paNa saheja paheALuM ane jALIvALuM banAvavAmAM AvatuM. lakSmInuM te mukhya pAda-AbhUSaNa che. kaustubhamaNi - viSNune A paramapriya maNi che, jene bhagavAva-mALAnI mAphaka vakSa pradezamAM dhAraNa karatA hatA. kaMkaNa : - strIonA hAthe paheravAmAM AvatI goLa kaDA jevI nakazIdAra baMgaDIo jevo tene AkAra hoya che. te suvarNanA banAvavAmAM AvatAM ane temAM ratna-hIrA jaDavAmAM AvatA. kaMkaNanA suvarNakaMkaNa, ratnakaMkaNa vagere prakAre che.

Page #73
cIraka H -: bhAratamAM smRti pUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNA meAtInA cAra serAvALA hArane cIraka kahevAmAM Ave che. A alaMkAra sAmAnya devA mATe vaparAtA nathI, paNa sUrya ane skaMda jevA vIraveza dhAraNa karatA devA mATe khAsa karIne banAvavAnA Adeza che. lekhaka : ( keyUra ) kANInA uparanA bhAgamAM paheravAmAM AvatuM A jAtanuM AbhUSaNa geALa kaeNDA jevuM hoya che. viSNu, sUrya vagerenI pratimAomAM te vizeSa karIne dekhAya che. te suvaNa tuM ratna ane meAtI jaDita banAvavAmAM AvatuM. valaya valayane sAmAnya artha kahu. thAya che. kANIthI AgaLanA prakeAja pAse paheravAnA A alakAra che. Aje paNa strI-puruSAmAM kaDu* paheravAnI prathA cAlu che, valayanuM apara nAma kaTaka che, lakSmInuM te priya AbhUSaNa che. tenI madhyamAM ratna jaDavAmAM AvatAM. valayanA kiMkiNIvalaya, mabhi dhavalaya vagere prakAro che, kikiNIvalayanI nIce nAnI dhRdharIe mUkavAmAM AvatI. prAcIna pratimAemAMthI kaTaka, valaya vagerenA vividha prakAro kotarelA jovA maLe che jemAM prAMtabhede keTaluMka vaividhya paNa jovA maLe che. a'gulicaka a'guliyaka eTale AMgaLI upara paheravAnu AbhUSaNa vI'TIo thAya che. hAthanI badhI AMgaLIo upara vITIe paheravAnA rivAja prAcInakAlamAM hatA. vIMTIe suva`, ratna ane meAtInI banAvavAmAM Ave che. ratnajaDita vITIene ratnAliyaka tarIke sAhityakArAe nirdeza karyAM che. dbihIraka, tridvIraka, navagraha ane zaktimudrikA vagere tenA prakAra che. ' (4) kezabhUSA : - - kezabaMdha eka prakAranA kezakalApatu" nAma che. jemAM mAthAnA vALa kirITa - mukuTa ke jaTA -mukuTa jevA gUMthavAmAM AvatA. jayAneA sAmAnya artha zirApradeza uparanA vALa evA thAya che. paraMtu jaTAmukuTa eTale mAthAnA vALa evI rIte bAMdhavAmAM Ave che ke jenA saMskaraNamAMthI mukuTanA bhAva vyakta thAya. jema strIe vividha prakAre kezabadha karI temAM suuMdara kalAkRtio gUMthe che, tevI ja

Page #74
"mRtividhAna : hA, upakAraNe vAhane vagere. 17 rIte A paNa eka prakArane kezakalApa che. uttarakAmikAgamamAM tenI vyavasthita vicAraNa rajU karatAM jaNAvyuM che ke "jaTA mukuTamAM patrakUTa, ratnakUTa, purIsa vagere bhAge kapI temAM yogya sthAne, patro, ratna, makanAM rekhAMkane gUMthatAM zivanA jaTAmukuTamAM madhya dvitIyAno caMdra ane eka bAju nAgakaNAno AkAra jaTAnA uparanA bhAgamAM darzAvavo. taduparAMta jaTAnI aMdara traNa yA pAMca graMthi vyakta karavI. mUtionA kalAvidhAnanI aMdara paNa AvA ja rekhAMkanavALA jaTAmukuTo, zilpIoe katarI temAM 5 te vibhAgo pADavA joIe. kezabaMdhananI madhyamAM suvarNa ke ratnano paTTabaMdha bAMdhavAmAM Avate hAI vacce vacce suvarNa ane ratnanAM alaMkaraNe, puSpa vagere mukavAmAM AvatA. dhansila : dhamila e eka prakArano kezabaMdha che, tenI nIceno bhAga mAthAne gherA-vAthI 3/5 jeTale rAkhI, uparanI Tocane bhAga nIcenI pahoLAInA 1/3 jeTale paheLe banAvavAmAM Ave che. temAM traNa badhe jude jude ThekANe kapI, tenuM baMdhana suvarNa ke ratnapaTTa vaDe javuM paDe che. devIonAM stuti-pomAMthI dhammilanA vadhu ullekha maLe che. maMDalinI patnIonA vALa dhammila paddhatimAM hoya che. alakacUDA : A dhamilane maLate eka prakArane kezabaMdha che. phakata temAM suvarNapaddhanA bale ratnapaTTI bAMdhavAnI khAsa viziSTatA tarI Ave che. madrAsa ane kerala prAMtamAM pasmilanI mAphaka A kezabaMdhano pracAra paNa strIomAM jovA maLe che. mukuTa e deva yA to manuSyanuM pratibhAzALI cihna che. dhammila ane alakaDA vizeSataH strIomAM pracalita kezakalApa che. rAjAonA rakSakenI strIonA vALanI gAMTha alagnaDAnI hoya che. pratimAnA kAlanirNaya mATe mukuTa mahatvanuM sAdhana che. tevI ja rIte prAMtIya asarane kAraNe paNa temAM keTalAka pheraphAra thayo hovAnuM joIe chIe, jenA uparathI te mUti kayA pradezanI haze tene kaIka khyAla Ave che. devI sarasvatIne kezabaMdha hoya che. tevI ja rIte bhAnamAM adhirAjAnI rANIone paNa kezabaMdha hoya che. lakSmInA vALanI paddhatimAM kuMtala hoya che. tevI ja rIte adhirAjA ane narendronI strIonI kezaracanA kula prakAranI hoya che, (6) Adha-upakaraNe-vAgho AyudhomAM astra-zastra uparAMta jIva-prANI, mane rajaka vAvo temaja

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68 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ene matividhAnanAM lakSaNe upakaraNone paNa samAveza karI zakAya. arthAt hastamAM dhAraNa karela koIpaNa astra, zastra, vAdya ke upakaraNane Ayudha ahI zakAya. astra, zastra, upakaraNa, vAjiMtra ane jIva-prANI A cAreya varganA Ayudhone vigate abhyAsa A pramANe karI zakAya. 1, astra-zastra (paTTa-5) 1-1 = stha paNa dhanuSya han murala JI supha bharavo) kharavA aTaka kheTaka trizala deva-mUrtiono umare ane uparaNo kharava4 pa-5

Page #76
mRtividhAna : dehabhUSA, upakaraNe vAhane vagere AmAM nIcenAM Ayudhono samAveza thAya che: caka : cakra e lAkSANika rIte viSNunuM Ayudha che. te durgAnA hAthamAM paNa hoya che. matimAM tenuM be prakAre kalAvidhAna thayeluM jovA maLe che. pahelA prakAramAM cakra ratha ke gADAnA paDA jevuM ArA ane dharI sahita hoya che. ane paiDAnI jevI tenI paTTI hoya che. bIjA prakAramAM te suzobhana yukta hoya che. temAM cakranA ArA kamaLanI pAMdaDI jevA karavAmAM Ave che, jethI cakrane. aMdarano bhAga khIlelA kamaLa jevo dekhAya che. cakranI uparanA bhAga ratnathI suzobhita karavAM Ave che. cakra duminene kApIne mArI nAMkhavA mATe vaparAya che. madA : gadAne AkAra nIcethI sAmAnya hAthA jevo ane cheDA AgaLathI moTA. goLAkAravALA hoya che. te khAsa karIne lAkaDAmAMthI banAvavAmAM Ave che. mUrtionA hAthamAM gadA pAMce AMgaLIothI pakaDelI hoya che ane kavacita gadA jamIna para TekavelI hoya che. mUtine eka hAtha tenA upara Tekavelo hoya che.. gadAno upayoga duzmanane samIpathI mAravA mATe thAya che. viSaNunI gadAnuM nAma kaumAdakI che. ghaNIvAra gadAne ratna ane suvarNathI alaMkRta karelI hoya che. zAraMga : zAraMga e eka prakAranuM dhanuSya che. khAsa karIne te hADakAmAMthI banAvavAmAM Ave che. viSNunAM judAM judAM Ayudha paikInuM te eka manAya che. zUla : zUlane trizaLa paNa kahe che. te mahAdevanuM mAnItuM Ayudha che. traNa phaNavALo bhAla hoya tevuM te banAvavAmAM Ave che. khavAMga : A eka gadA prakAranuM Ayudha che. te hAtha ke paganA hADakAnuM baneluM hoya che. ane tenI uparanA bhAgamAM manuSyanI khoparI hoya che. prAcIna kALamAM asthinAM Ayudho vaparAtAM hovAne A spaSTa purAvo che. ziva, kAli, kSetrapAla, bhairava vagere tAmasI prakRtivALAM devadevIo tene khAsa karIne dhAraNa kare che.

Page #77
bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNe parazu ? sAmAnya rIte jene ApaNe pharasI tarIke oLakhIe chIe te prakAranuM A Ayudha che. arthAta te eka nAnI kuhADI che. tene hAthe lAkaDAno ane pAnuM khaMDanuM ardhacaMdrAkAra ane tejasvI camakadAra banAvavAmAM Ave che. parazurAme A ja zastra vaDe kSatriyone saMhAra karyo hato. zakti zaktine AkAra bhAlA jevo hoya che. A devI astra hoI chuTa mAravAmAM tene prayoga karavAmAM AvatuM hovAnuM samajAya che. bhAlAne jema phaLuM hoya che tema zaktinA mukha AgaLa paNa pAna AkAranuM phaLuM hoya che. skaMdanuM A priya zastra che. paMcAsare ? kAmadevanA saMmehana, umAda, zeSaNa, tApana ane staMbhana e pAMca bANanA jUthane paMcAsara nAmathI oLakhavAmAM Ave che. kAmadevanI mUrtimAM ke citrAmAM A pAMca bANo hAthamAM ke pITha pAchaLanA bhAthAmAM khAsa karIne banAvailA hoya che. vajanuM bIjuM nAma kulIza paNa che. vajI e IndranuM mukhya ane priya Ayudha che. tene AkAra nIce ane uparathI nAnA trizaLa jevo hovAthI tene madhya bhAgamAMthI pakaDavAmAM Ave che. moTA daMDA jevuM leDhAnuM A Ayudha hoya che. yamarAjanuM A mukhya Ayudha che. A daMDa vaDe yamarAja pApIone zikSA kare che. kheTaka : A rakSaNAtmaka Ayudha che. te eka prakAranI DhAla che. lAkaDAmAMthI banAvelA kheTakane AkAra gALa, laMbaLa, ke carasa hoya che. tenI madhyamAM pakaDavA mATe lAkaDAne hAthe heya che.

Page #78
smRtividhAna : raeNhabhUSA, upakaNNA vAhaneA vagere paTTIza : A lAkhanu Ayudha che. tenA AkAra lAkaDI jevA hoya che. tenA cheDA upara tIkSNa dhAravALuM pAnuM heAya che. kRzeAdarInuM A viziSTa Ayudha manAya che. haLa : balarAmanuM A priya AyuSa che. tenA AkAra khetaramAM vaparAtA haLa jevA banAvavAmAM Ave che. cheDA upara lAkha`DanI dhAravALI aNIdAra keAza hAya che.. khaDga : A sarva sAmAnya Ayudha Aje paNa pracalita che. tene AkAra sIdhA ke adha caMdra jevA banAvavAmAM Ave che. tenA agrabhAga aNIdAra ane nIcethI tIkSNa dhAravALA tathA cheDe pakaDavA mATe mUTha rAkhavAmAM Ave che. musaLa : Aje samAjamAM sAMbelAthI oLakhAtuM A musaLa, khAMDavAnA eka upakaraNa tarIke upayegamAM levAya che. paraMtu prAcIna kALamAM tenA zastra tarIke upayAga thatA haze. bhANa : dhanuSa upara caDhAvI mAravAmAM AvatuM khANa Azare doDha hAtha lAMbu hoya che. tene agrabhAga bhAlA jevA tIkSNa heAya che. prAcInakALamAM tenA cheDe kaka pakSInAM pIMchAM khAsavAmAM AvatAM. kaH tenA AkAra lakhagALa heAya che. te paththaranu` banAvavAmAM Ave che. zilpIe pRththara kAravAmAM nAnA TAMkaNA vApare che tene TaMka kahevAmAM Ave che. dhanuSa : dhanuSanA AkAra ardha vartuLAkAra heAya che. tenA be cheDe dorI bAMdhavAmAM Ave che. tenA para bANa caDAvI chUTu phekavAmAM Ave che. aMkuza H hAthIte niyamanamAM rAkhavA mATe A eka cheDe aNIdAra pAtu hAya che. indranI tenI laMbAI doDha hAtha jeTalI hoya che. Ayudha vaparAya che. lAkaDAnA hAthAnI mUti emAM te vizeSa prayeAjAya che..

Page #79
bhAratamAM mUrti pUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtividhAnanAM lakSaNA pAzaH pAza e eka prakAranu doraDu che. tenA upayAga duzmaneAnA hAtha ke paga khAMdhavAmAM karAya che. tethI tene samAveza astramAM karyAM che. varuNanuM mukhya Ayudha pAza che. 72 carma : cama eTale cAmaDAnI DhAla, AvI DhAle prAconakALamAM yuddhamAM yahrA peAtAnA bacAva athe` vAparAtA. tenuM cAmaDuM ekadama jADu` hoya che. tenA AkAra gALa ane madhyamAM pakaDavA mATe lAkaDAnA hAtheA yA te doraDu` rAkhavAmAM Ave che. durgA devInA hastamAM A Ayudha vizeSa jovA maLe che. pinAka : sAraMganI mAphaka A paNa eka prakAranA dhanuSanuM nAma che. jema sAraMga bhagavAna viSNunu dhanuSa che, tema pinAke zaMkaranuM parama dhanuSa che. bhagavAna ziva tene dhAraNa karatA hAvAthI ja temanuM nAma "pinAkapANi" paDayuM che. A dhanuSanu kAlaka traNa ke pAMca sthaLethI vaLAMka letuM hAI, svAbhAvika rIte kalAnvita ane suMdara dekhAya che. 2. upakaraNA padma AyudhAnA khIjA vibhAgamAM upakaraNAnA samAveza thAya che. padma e kamaLanuM saMskRta nAma che. viSNu, lakSmI ane bIjA keTalAka devanA hAthamAM te dhAraNa kareluM jovAmAM Ave che. lakSmIjInu' teA te priya Asana che. eTalu" ja nahI. temanu " padmA " nAma paNa A kAraNe ja paDayu hoya tema jaNAya che. kapAla kapAla mAsanI kheAparImAMthI banAvavAmAM Ave che. AvA kapAlA Aje paNa adhArI khAvA pAse ApaNe joIe chIe, mahAdevanuM te bhikSApAtra hAvAthI zivanAM aneka nAmeAmAM temane kapAli ke kapAlabhRtya kahevAmAM Ave che.

Page #80
mUtividhAna : dehabhUSA, upakaraNe vAhana vagere 73 kamaMDala gIo, saMnyAsIo vagere dhAraNa kare che tevuM tuMbaDAnA AkAra jevuM te hoya che. sAmAnya rIte 5NuM bharavA mATenuM A pAtra judA judA AkAramAM paNa hoya che. keTalAkamAM tene nALacuM paNa hoya che. brahmA, pArvatI jevAM devadevIonI mUrtiomAM tenuM kalAvidhAna jovA jevuM che. suka brahmAnuM A khAsa upakaraNa che. A eka prakArane camace che. A prakAranA camacAthI ghInA pAtramAMthI ghI laIne tene vazanA pavitra agnimAM reDavAmAM Ave che. devI annapUrNAnA hAthamAM paNa sapha hoya che, kaMDikA | gujarAtImAM te kuMDI tarIke oLakhAya che. keTalIka devIonA hastamAM te dhAraNa kareluM hoya che. te dhAtupAtra hoi sAdhAraNa rIte teno AkAra moTA vADakA jevo hoya che. amRtaghaTa te eka jAtanuM dhAtupAtra che. teno AkAra gAgarane maLatA Ave che. A -upakaraNa lakSmInuM manAya che. zrIphaLa nAriyeLI upara thatAM nAriyeLane Aje zrIphaLa tarIke samAja gALakhe che, paraMtu zAstrIya dRSTie bivaphaLane zrIphaLa tarIke mAnavAmAM Ave che. lakSmInA mUtividhAnamAM hastamAM zrIphaLa javAmAM Ave che. mRgacama kRSNamRganuM carma zAstrakAroe pavitra mAnyuM che. brahmacArI, saMnyAsI ane gIo tene khAsa upayoga kare che. yajJopavita dhAraNa karanAra bAla baTukane muMjanI mekhalA sAthe kRSNa mRgacarma pharajiyAta paheravuM paDe che. bhagavAna zaMkara kaTipradeza upara mRgacarma, vyAghacarma vagere dhAraNa kare che. liMga pArvatI ane zaMkaranI mUtionA hAthamAM zivaliMga dhAraNa kareluM jovAmAM Ave che.

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74 bhAratamAM mUrtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUtividhAnanA lakSaNe AjyapAtra ghInuM bhareluM vAsaNa jene saMskRtamAM ApAtra tarIke saMbodhavAmAM Ave che. te eka moTA vADakA jevuM hoya che. keTalAka devadevIonA hAthamAM dhAraNa karAveluM jovA maLe che. pustaka sarasvatI ane brahmAnuM te mukhya upakaraNa manAtuM hoI, sAmAnya thiI ke copaDI jevo tene AkAra banAvavAmAM Ave che. te pustaka bhUjapatra yA tADapatra ke kAgaLanuM hoya che. agni kuMDamAMthI javALA nIkaLatI hoya tevuM agnipAtra, agni jevAM devadevIonA hAthamAM dhAraNa kareluM batAvavAmAM Ave che. agni zivanA hAthamAM paNa hoya che. darpaNa jyAre arisA mATe kAcano upaga jANato na hato tyAre khUbaja caLakatI dhAtunA patarAne judI judI DIjhAInamAM taiyAra karIne tene darpaNa tarIke upayoga thato. mUtimAM darpaNa goLAkAra ke vartuLAkAra jovAmAM Ave che. tene hAthe ekadama suMdara hoya che. khAsa karIne pArvatInA hAthamAM te dhAraNa kareluM hoya che. prAcIna zilpakalAkRtiomAMthI maLatI nRtyakanyAonA hAthamAM paNa AvAM darpaNa, darpaNanRtyano bhAva vyakta karatAM jovAmAM Ave che. vAgho trIjA vibhAganAM AyudhomAM vAghono samAveza thAya che. vINa A vAdya lAMbu piluM, ardha naLAkAra tuMbaDA jevuM hoya che. A eka prakAranuM taMtuvAdya che. viSNu e devI sarasvatInuM mukhya vAdya che. ghaMTA A sAmAnya ghaMTa che. devamaMdiramAM vaparAtA ke hAthethI vagADavAnA ghaMTa jANatA ja che. khAsa karIne ghaMTa pIttaLa, paMcadhAtu kAMsu, suvarNa ane rUpAnA banAvAtA.

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mUti vidhAnaH dehabhUSAM, upakaraNa vAhane vagere muralI baMsI) muralI sAdhAraNa rIte vAMsanI hoya che, tenuM aparanA veNa kahevAmAM Ave che. tenI aMdara sapta svare mATe nAnAM nAnAM sAta chIdra pADelAM hevAthI temAMthI temAMthI judA judA svara upajAvI zakAya che. zrIkRSNane te vadhu priya hoI temane muralIdhara, baMsIdhara ke veNugopAla paNa kahevAmAM Ave che. Damaru baMne bAjuethI paheluM ane vaccethI sAMkaDuM lAkaDAnuM banAvavAmAM AvatuM hoI tenI upara nIce cAmaDuM maDhavAmAM Ave che. vacce jADI gAMThavALI derIo laTakAvavAmAM Ave che. tenA athaDAvavAthI avAja Ave che bhUtapretanA AvAhanamAM ke tene prasanna karavAmAM A vAdya khAsa karIne vaparAya che. mahAdevanuM te priya vAdya che. 4. prANI : cothA prakAranAM AyudhomAM chava-prANIono samAveza thAya che. keTalIka deva-devIonI matiomAM pazuo ane pakSIo paNa hoya che. ziva temanA hAthamAM mRga dhAraNa kare che. temanA putra subrahmaNyanA hAthamAM kukkaTa hoya che. pipaTa ane pataMgiyu durgA jevI devIonA hAthamAM hoya che. zivanI sauthI prAcIna mUti je guDImalamanA liMga upara aMkita che tenA hAthamAM gheTuM che. tyAra pachInI mUtiomAM mRga jaNAya che. gheTAne tenA pAchaLanA pagathI pakaDavAmAM Ave che ane tenuM mastaka nIce laTakatuM darzAvavAmAM Ave che. keTalAka devadevIonI mUtiomAM neLiye, sApa paNa dhAraNa karelA jovA maLe che. zivanA gaLAmAM sapa dhAraNa karela hoya che. mAtRtvanA sUcaka bALakane paNa keTalIka strImUrtimAM darzAvavAmAM Ave che. uparyukta Ayudha uparAMta AyurdhAmAM charI, bhusaMDI, katikA, zIMgaDuM, bhAle, sUci, yogamudrA, kaLaza, bhiMDamAla, talavAra, phaLa, yaMtra, dravya, kAtara, daMta. kuMta, bherI, mRdaMga, vagereno samAveza thAya che. vAhane : devadevIonAM potapotAnA nizcita vAhano che. A vAhanane kAraNe mUtine saraLatAthI oLakhI zakAya che. jema ke jaina tIrthakaronI badhI ja mUtio dekhAvamAM eka sarakhI hoya che. paraMtu mUrtinA lAMchana parathI ja khyAla Ave che

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os bhAratamAM mRtipUjanI vibhAvanA ane matividhAnanAM lakSaNa ke te kayA tIrthakaranI mUrti che. devadevIonAM vAhana, temanA svabhAva, rUci ane temanA viziSTa guNa-dharmanA sUcaka hoya che. jema ke ugra devatAonAM vAhana pretAdi heva che. devI caMDInuM vAhana vyAgha ke siMha che. vibhinna deva-devIonAM vAhana A pramANe che : 1. brahmA-haMsa 10. agni--gheTuM 2. viSNu-garUDa 11. caMDI-vyAgha ke siMha 3. zaMkara-naMda 12. niti -zvAna, kutare 4. gaNeza-uMdara 13. varuNu-magara 5. sarasvatI-mera, haMsa 14. gaMgA-magara 6. sUrya-saptAzvaratha 15. varAha-nAga 7. Indra-hAthI, arAvata 16. naTarAja-daitya 8. vAyu-haraNa 17. bAlakRSNa--kAlayanAga 9. yama-mahiSa 18. vAmana-bali. (9) pIThikA : pIThikA eTale jenI upara haMmeza besI zakAya tevuM Asana, ra. ta. paurANika yugamAM deva, rAja, mahArAjA vagerenAM Asano nizcita hatA. gaNeza haMmezA siMhAsana upara birAjamAna hoya che. paraMtu hanumAna mATe evuM kaMI nizvita Asana nathI. hanumAna te rAmanA caraNe pAse namaskAra mudrAmAM beThelA. hoya che. to kavacita UbhI mudrAmAM eka hAthamAM gadA ane bIjA hAthamAM parvata dhAraNa karela hoya che athavA teo aMjali mudrAmAM paNa UbhA hoya che. evI ja rIte bAlakRSNanuM paNa keI nizcita Asana nathI. alabatta, rAjavI svarUpamAM kRSNa siMhAsana para beThelA hoya che. dravikI graMthomAM pIThikA viSayaka varNane khUba ja maLe che. jemAM nava prakAranI pIThikAo jaNAvI che. 1. bhadrapITha 6. pIThabaLa 2. padmapITha 7. mahAvaja ka, mahAmmuja pITha 8. saumya 4. vApITha 9. zrIkAmya 5. zrIdhara

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G , mUtividhAnaH dehabhUSA, upakaraNe vAhana vagere AmAM bhadrapITha, padmapITha ane mahAmmujapITha draviDa ane uttara pradeza ema baMne paraMparAnI mUrtiomAM jovA maLe che. (4) mUrtiomAM bhAvadarzana : mUtionA kalAvidhAnamAM bhAvaprAgaTaya mahatvanuM sthAna dharAve che. dareka mUti amuka ekaja bhAvane anulakSIne banAvavAmAM AvatI nathI, paraMtu jevI. mUti tevA bhAva ane rasadarzana karAvavAnuM zAstrakAroe jaNAvyuM che. Adaza mUti-vinyAsanI sAthe rasa ane bhAvanuM nidarzana paNa khAsa jarUrI che. sAmAnya rIte mUtionAM mukha prasannavadana ane saumya banAvavAnuM zAstrakAroe sUcavyuM che, chatAM keTalIka mUrtiomAM mukha upara judA judA bhAvo. abhivyakta karavAnI khAsa jarUra rahe che. jemake nRsiMhanI mUrti raudrabhAva vyakta karatI banAvavAmAM Ave che, jayAre lakSmInArAyaNa, brahmA-sAvitrI ane umAmahezvara jevI AliMgana mUtiomAM zRMgArabhAva vyakta karatI batAvAya che. tevI. ja rIte hiraNyAkSa sAthe yuddha karatI varAhanI mUrti mAM ke datyane saMhAra karatI mahiSamardinInI mUrtimAM bhayAnaka bhAva ja apekSita che. tevI ja rIte tapapradhAna gIo, RSimunio ane tIrthaMkaranI mUrtiomAM zAMtabhAva vadhu uddISTa che..

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pariziSTa mUrtividhAnakalA paraMparAo ane zilIo bhAratIya mUrtividhAnakalA ekavidha nahi paNa anekavidha che. cheka haDappIya sabhyatAnA kAlathI emAM lekakalA ane praziSTa kalA evA be bheda cAlyA Ave che. lokakalAnuM sAtatya Ajadina sudhI cAlu rahyuM che. praziSTakalA kalAkAre ane temane maLato Azraya, teone mArgadarzana ApatAM zAstro vagere para AdhArita rahevAthI temAM vakhate vakhata rUpAMtara thayA kare che. AthI emAM aneka vidha zailIo pAMgare che. bhAratamAM mUti vidhAnakalAne kSetre pAMgarelI paraMparAo ane zilIonuM ahIM TUMkuM avalokana abhipreta che. pratimA nirmANa paraMparAo bhAratamAM zilpazAstranI be paraMparA pracalita thaI che : (1) uttarI athavA nAgarI ane (2) dakSiNa athavA draviDa. uttarI zailInA vAstugraMthanA mukhya praNetA "vizvakama" gaNAya che, jyAre draviDazailInA vAstugraMthonA praNetA "maya" manAya che. uttarI paraMparAnA zi95 graMmAM mUti-nimaNakakSAmAM sAdAInuM tarava jaNAya che. dakSiNa bhAratanI mUtikalAmAM prAcIna dhArmika ane sAMskRtika valaNe (religious and cultural trends) uttara bhAratanI apekSAe vizeSa surakSita rahyAM che. dakSiNanI paraMparAmAM mUrtinA hAthamAM pakSI ke Ayudha athavA anya upakaraNane nIcalA cheDethI pakaDAvavAmAM Ave che, jyAre uttaramAM ene mukhyatve madhya bhAgathI pakaDAvavAmAM Ave che. A bAbatamAM ziva ane sUryanI mUtio khAsa beMdhapAtra che. dakSiNa bhAratamAM zivanA hAthamAM mukhyatave chalaMga mAratuM haraNuM ghaNuM karIne devatAnA DAbA upalA hAthamAM apAya che. AvuM svarUpa uttara bhAratamAM jovA maLatuM nathI. sUryanI mUtine uttara bhAratamAM helabUTa sahitanI batAvavAmAM Ave che, je tenA IrAnI ugama ke prabhAvanI sucaka che. pachInA samayamAM A helabaTane purANAdi uttara bhAratIya paraMparAnA graMthAe samarthana ApavA mATe evI vAta vahetI karI che ke sUryanI mUrtimAM khullA paga jevAthI kuSTharega(keTa) thAya

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mUtividhAna kalA ? paraMparAo ane zelIe 79 che. AvI mAnyatA dakSiNI paraMparAmAM pracalita thaI nathI ane dakSiNa bhAratIya sUryamUtiomAM khullA paga paNa jovA maLe che. viSNunI pratimAmAM viSNune zrIdevI temaja bhUdevI sahita darzAvavAnI prathA dakSiNa bhAratamAM vizeSa vikasI che. vaLI devIpratimAomAM kezaracAnAnuM vaividhya dakSiNanI mUtiomAM ghaNuM vadhAre jovA maLe che ane e bAbatamAM cAlukaya palava, caLa, pAMDava ane vijayanagara jevI zilIone pASANuzilpa ane dhAtuzilpAmAM bhAre vikAsa thayele daSTigocara thAya che. pratimA nirmANa-zailIo bhAratamAM judA judA bhAgomAM zilpAne lagatI judI judI zilIo pracalita thaI hatI. A zailIo paikI mathurA zailI (I. pU. bIjIthI I. sa.nI 4thI sadI) ane gaMdhAra zailI (I. pU. 1lIthI I. sa. 2jI sadI) agresara gaNAya che. baMne zailIone prabhAva anukAlamAM vatte oche aMze paDela che. uttarakAlamAM guptakALa daramyAna zilponI praziSTa zailInuM nirmANa thayuM tenI sAthe prAdezika zailIo paNa ghaDAvA lAgI. pratyeka pradezanI mUtio A zilpa zailIone AdhAre ghaDAyelI che. AthI keI paNa mUtinA vidhAnane barAbara samajavA mATe tatkAlIna zilpa zailIne abhyAsa jarUrI bane che. zilpakalAne lagatA prAcIna arvAcIna graMthomAM pratyeka zailInAM lakSaNenuM sadaSTAMta nirUpaNa kareluM hoya che. tene abhyAsa AmAM upakAraka nIvaDaze.

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agatyanA saMdarbhagraMthonI sUci ----- Banerjea, J. N. The Development of Hindu Iconography (Calcutta), 1941 - Gupta, R. S. The Iconography of the Hindus, Buddhists and Jains, (Bombay), 1972 Rao, Gopinath The Elements of Hindu Iconography, Vol. I, part I, (Varanasi), 1971 Rowland, Benjamin Art and Architecture of India. (London), 1953 upAdhyAya, vAsudeva prAcIna mAdI mUrti--vijJAna, (vArANasI), 1170 mizra, indumatI pratimA-vijJAna, (mopAtra), 172 zukla, dvijendranAtha pratimA-vijJAna, (lakhanau) 1956 somapurA, prabhAzaMkara bhAratIya zilpa-saMhitA (bambaI) 1975 dave, kanaiyAlAla bhAIzaMkara gujarAtanuM mUrtividhAna (amadAvAda), 1963 parIkha, pravINacaMdra ci. bhAratIya prAcIna zilpakalA (amadAvAda), 1978 zAha, priyabALAbena hiMdu mUrtividhAna, (amadAvAda), 1974 semapurA, kAMtilAla ku. paribhASA Bas-relief - a95mUti Emblem - lAMchana, pratIka Figurine - pUtaLI Fine Art - lalita kalA High-relief - atimUta adhika mUta Icon - pratimA Iconography - mUrtividhAna, mUtizAstra Idol - mUti Image - pratimA, mUti Metallurgy - dhAtukAma Moulding -- DhALakAma Pedestal - pIThikA, Asana besaNI Relief - aMzamUta zi95 Sculpture - zi95, zilpakalA statue - pUtaLuM Statuette - Steatite - H4248 Terracotta -mATInAM pakavelAM zilpa atimUrta zilpa - High-relief adhikamUrta zilpa - , , ardhamUta zi95 - Half , a85mUta zilpa - Bas , kalAralI - School of Art dhAtukAma- Metallurgy dhAtupratimA - Bronzes mUti - Idol lAMchana - Emblem pUrNa mUrta zilpa - Figure (scul pture) in the round pratimA - Image suzobhana - Decoration

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21-00 yunivarsiTI graMthanirmANa borDanA ItihAsa ane bhAratIya saMskRti uparanAM prakAzane pustakanuM nAma lekhakanuM nAma kiMmata agni eziyAne ItihAsa che. esa. vI. jAnI 17-00 (1850-1960), aDhArase satAvana (1857) De. ramaNalAla ka. dhAriyA 5-00 azoka ane tenA abhilekha zrI hariprasAda gaM. zAstrI 6-00 Adhunika bhAratano itihAsa khaMDa-1 Do. ramaNalAla ka. dhAraiyA 13-00 (1885-1919) bIjI AvRtti) Adhunika bhAratane itihAsa bhAga-2 Do. ramaNalAla ka. dhAriyA 20-50 (1920-1947) ItihAsano abhyAsa le. ArnolDa je. TAyabI saMkSepa DI. sI. samarala anu. prANajIvana vI. pAThaka 'IslAmI saMskRti Do. e. ena. kurezI iMgleMDane baMdhAraNIya itihAsa che. salIma ena. kAjhI 17-00 khaMDa-1 iMgleMDane baMdhAraNIya ItihAsa . salIma ena. kAjhI 15-00 khaMDa-2 gujarAtanA cAvaDA rAjyane Do. navInacaMdra A. AcAya ItihAsa arvAcIna gujarAtanA rAjakIya ane De. zivaprasAda rAjagAra 16-00 sAMskRtika ItihAsa gujarAtano solaMkIkAlIna De. na. A. AcArya 23-00 ItihAsa guptakAlIna bhArata pro. Ara. jI. majamudAra 25-00 grIsane prAcIna ItihAsa pre. caMdrakAMta paTela 12-0 0 paDozI dezomAM bhAratIya De. hariprasAda gaM. zAstrI 20-00 ( sa kRtino prAcIna prasAra De, sumanabahena za. zAha prAcIna bhArata bhAga-1 ga, zAstrI 10-00 prAcIna bhArata bhAga-2 Do. hariprasAda ga. zAstrI 11-00 prAcIna romano itihAsa -- zrI surezabhAI ema. zAha 11-00 bauddha tividhAna De. navInacaMdra A. AcArya bhAratanAM svAtaMtryasaMgrAma zrI maMgubhAI Ara. paTela 23-00 ane tenA ghaDavaiyAo bhAratanI prAcIna sAmAjika -De. rameza su. beTAI 15-00 saMsthAo

Page #89
82 bhAratamAM smRtipUjAnI vibhAvanA ane smRtividhAnanAM lakSaNA preA. jazu khI. paTela prA. manubhAI~ khI. zAha Do. ramezakAnta geA. parIkha bhAratanA itihAsa (152 6-1707) bhAratanA itihAsa-marAThA yuga (1707-1818) bhAratanA itihAsa (1818-1885) bhAratIya abhilekhavidyA bhAratIya itihAsanI sAdhana sAmagrI bhAratIya prAcIna zilpakalA bhAratIya saMskRtinA vikAsamAM videzIonA sapaka nI asara bhAratIya sikkAzAstra madhyayugIna bhArata khaMDa-1 madhyayugIna bhArata kha'Da-ra mughalakAlIna gujarAta yurIpa itihAsa (1789-1950) yurApanA itihAsa bhAga-1 yuropanA itihAsa bhAga-2 yureApanA chatihAsa bhAga-3 rASTrane svAta'vyasa grAma ane rASTrasamUhanA dezAne itihAsa seAviyeTa raziyAnA itihAsa hindu mUtividhAna hindu rAjya paddhationA RtihAsa gujarAtanA sikkA jaina mUti vidhAna madhyapUrvanA dezanA itihAsa DaoN. hariprasAda gaM. zAstrI sumanA za. zAha DaoN. pravIdra cI. parIkha zrI vijayasiMha kI. cAvaDA DaoN. hariprasAda gaM. zAstrI De. pravINacaMdra cI. parIkha DA. cheATubhAI ra. nAyaka Do. cheTubhAI ra. nAyaka De. navInacaMdra e. AcAya preA. devendra vR. bhaTTa mu. le. : eca. e. ela. phizara anu. kIkubhAI ra. desAI mU. le. : eca. e. ela. phizara anu.: kIkubhAI ra. desAI zrI maNibhAI bha. desAI mU. le. eca. e. ela. phizara anu : kIkubhAI 2. desAI zrI maNibhAI bha. desAI De. zAntilAla ma. desAI DaoN. jayakumAra ra. zukla DaoN. jayakumAra ra. zukala DA. priyakhALAbahena je. zAha DA. ke. epha. seAmapurA De. navInacaMdra DaoN. priyakhALAbahena zAha Do. Ara. ke. dhAraiyA . AcAya 25=00. 19-50 16-00 19-00 4-30 13-00 5-50 17-00 -25 1000 17-00 26-0 16-00 15-00 2-00 10-00 16-50 26-00 16-50 14-00 13-00 11-00 21-00

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parAmarzakazrInA abhiprAyamAMthI.. bhAratIya saMskRti viSayanA anusnAtaka vidyArthIo mATe 'bhAratIya mUrtividhAna'nA praznapatranA abhyAsakramane anulakSIne yunivarsiTI graMtha nirmANa borDe hindu mUrtividhAna', 'bauddha mUtividhAna" ane jaina mUti vidhAna" nAmanAM traNa pustaka taiyAra karAvyAM che. A pustikA temanI pUti rUpe taiyAra karavAmAM AvI che. judA judA devatAo, buddho, tIrthakara vagerene lagatA mutividhAnanA kevaLa zAstrIya niyamo ane siddhAMtone samAveza karavAmAM Avyo che. temanA dRSTAMta upayukta traNa pustakamAM vigate prApta thatAM hoI te daSTAMtene ahIM choDI dIdhAM che. lekhake A zAstrIya viSayanA nirupaNamAM saraLa pravAho ane eja sayukta zailI apanAvI che te viSayane rucikara banAve che. A pustikA vidyAthIo temaja jijJAsuone upayogI thaze ema huM mAnuM chuM. pravINacaMdra parIkha parAmarzaka bhAratamAM mUrti pUjAnI vibhAvanA ane mUrtAivadhAnanAM lakSaNo 16-07