Tattvartha Sutra

Author(s): Umaswati, Umaswami, Manu Doshi
Publisher: Shrutratnakar Ahmedabad

Page 33

KNOWLEDGE
19
can make out what he means without actually looking at the pot. Thus to comprehend something by its name is called Näm Nikshep. The second way relates to the symbolical presentation. Suppose, one presents a picture of a pot. We can make out what it is by looking at that picture. That is called Sthäpanä Nikshep. The third way relates to an earlier or future state. Earlier the pot was in the form of earth and later on it would be reduced to pieces. As such, to know the pot in the state of earth or in the state of pieces is called Dravya Nikshep. The fourth way relates to the present state. Suppose, one brings the pot as it is now. To know thus a thing in its present state is called Bhäv Nikshep
441011 4: 119 - 11 1.6: Pramännayairadhigamah (Truth can be ascertained by Pramäns and Nayas.)
Pramän denotes a standard established for ascertaining the accuracy. There are mainly four types of Pramän, viz. experience, inference, analogy and authenticity. They take into consideration all the aspects of the subject under reference. Naya, on the other hand, denotes a particular point of view. In other words, it presents a facet of truth.
निर्देशस्वामित्वसाधनाधिकरणस्थितिविधानतः ॥१-७॥ सत्संख्याक्षेत्रस्पर्शनकालान्तरभावाल्पबहुत्वैश्च ॥१-८॥
1.7: Nirdeshswämitvasädhanädhhikaranshtitividhänatah
1.8: Satsankhyäkshetrasparshankäläntarbhävälpabahutyaishcha