Tattvartha Sutra

Author(s): Umaswati, Umaswami, Manu Doshi
Publisher: Shrutratnakar Ahmedabad

Page 45

KNOWLEDGE
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lake in America.
iii) Vyavahär: This denotes the practical view. For instance, on seeing the lake one would specify its water as deep or shallow, as sweet or salty and so on as required for practical purposes.
These three categories can be termed as belonging to Dravyärthik viewpoint. Now let us consider those of Paryayarthik viewpoint
iv) Řjusutra: This denotes what is applicable at present. For instance, one may say that the water of Michigan is supplied to Chicago. That is true, but it does not specify that the water is also supplied to the northern and western suburbs, nor does it say what would happen in case of shortage of water in the lake.
v) Shabda: This denotes the verbal view that pertains to a particular time. For instance, the history may mention that there was the city of Pompeii in Italy. Pompeii actually exists even at present; but the history refers to the city, as it existed before the volcanic eruption and not to the present one. As such, reference to Pompeii pertains to the past tense.
vi) Samabhiroodh: This denotes the view based on derivation. For instance, the name Johnson could be interpreted as being a son of John.
vii) Evambhoot: This denotes a view, which is literally true at the time of expression. For instance, to contend hat one should be considered a President only when he is presiding over a meeting or when he is actually discharging the duties of Presidency is Evambhoot Naya.
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