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KNOWLEDGE
misleading types. They arise on account of the absence or shortage of Vivek (discernment) and that does not allow one to differentiate truth from falsity. Knowledge derived in absence of Vivek is bound to be misleading and is therefore termed nescience. Such misleading types of knowledge are respectively known as Mati-ajnän, Shrut-ajnän and Avadhi-ajnän (Vibhangjnän).
नैगमसंग्रहव्यवहारऋजुसूत्रशब्दा नयाः ॥१-३४॥ fafatat 118-3411
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1.34: Naigamsangrahvyavahärṛjusutrashabdä Nayä 1.35 Ädyashabdou Dwitribhedau
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(There are five viewpoints, viz. common view, linear view, practical view, verbal view and literal view. The first has two sub-types and the last verbal has three.)
The mention was made of Naya as a point of view in sutra 6. These sutras deal with various points of view. There are many perspectives from which an object or a situation can be viewed. As such, there could be as many Nayas as the number of perspectives. All of them can be broadly classified in two main categories of Nishchay Naya meaning the absolute point of view and Vyavahär Naya meaning the practical point of view. When an object is described in its true intrinsic form, it is called Nishchay Naya. From that point of view, for instance, the soul can be described as spotlessly pure and as imbibed with infinite capabilities. From the worldly viewpoint, however, it can be described as smeared with Karma. That is called Vyavahär Naya.
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