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BK. XII. BRIEF NOTICES OF THE DIFFERENT BOOKS. 143
Kwang Khăng-zze, the latter sets aside his inquiry about the government of the world, and tells him about the government of himself; and in the fifth, when Yün Kiang asks Hung Mung about governing men, the latter tells him about the nourishing of the heart. These two great paragraphs set forth clearly the subtlest points in the policy of Let-a-be. Truly it is not an empty name.
'In the two last paragraphs, Kwang in his own words and way sets forth, now by affirmation, and now by negation, the meaning of all that precedes.'
This summary of the Book will assist the reader in understanding it. For other remarks that will be helpful, I must refer him to the notes appended to the Text. The Book is not easy to understand or to translate ; and a remark found in the K’iâ-khing edition of the Ten Philosophers,' by LÀ Hsiû-fû, who died in 1279, was welcome to me, ' If you cannot understand one or two sentences of Kwang-zze, it does not matter.'
BOOK XII. THIEN TỬ. The first two characters of the Book are adopted as its name ;-Thien Tî, Heaven and Earth. These are employed, not so much as the two greatest material forms in the universe, but as the Great Powers whose influences extend to all below and upon them. Silently and effectively, with entire spontaneity, their influence goes forth, and a rule and pattern is thus given to those on whom the business of the government of the world devolves. The one character 'Heaven' is employed throughout the Book as the denomination of this purposeless spontaneity which yet is so powerful.
Lû Shû-kih says : This Book also sets forth clearly how the rulers of the world ought simply to act in accordance with the spontaneity of the virtue of Heaven; abjuring sageness and putting away knowledge; and doing nothing: -in this way the Tâo or proper Method of Government will be attained to. As to the coercive methods of Mo Tî
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