Prakritadhyaya

Author(s): Kramdishwar, Satyaranjan Banerjee, Dalsukh Malvania, H C Bhayani
Publisher: Prakrit Text Society Ahmedabad

Page 33

24
ORITIOAL APPARATUS
and these have been corrected following the rules of Kramadīśvara's Prākrit grammar. In these renderings the case-terminations of Präkrit words are not given, because the Sanskrit words in the akytigana are devoid of case-terminations, although the Mgs. bear such terminations. Only the base forms are given.
$30. In presenting this text certain principles have been adopted with regard to the treatment of ya-śruti, labial b and semivowel v, and dental n and corbral . In these three aspects the eastern Prākrit grammarians®, such as, Vararuci, Kramadīśvara, Purusottama, Rāmaśarmā, Mārkandeya eto. differ widely from the western grammarians, like Hemacandra, Trivikrama and others. According to the dictum of the eastern grammarians a (9) is always to be written in case of ya-śruti. Because, in their opinion the rules regarding the substitution of ya for a refer to pronunciation and not to writing. So there will be no harm, if we write a () instead of ya after any vowel, e.g., a, ā, i, 7, 4, ū, 8 and o, when they are the remnants of the udurtta vowel; and the reader will pronounce it acoording to his practice. It is for this reason that we do not find any ya-śruti, at least, in writing, in the manuscripts of the eastern grammarians. Similarly, according to the principles of the eastern authors, the dental no is altogether omitted-be it initial, medial or conjunct. Bharata and Vararuci ( n. 7-11, 42) advocate cerebral n overywhere, 80 also Kramadīśvara, Rāmaśarmā and Märkandeya. But the latter three writers (probably by the influence of the western authors) also know its option. It is found that Prākrit grammarians of the eastern School are almost unanimous with regard to the change of dental n into cerebral n in the Mahārāstrī. The treatment of labial b and semi vowel v is somewhat different. For practical purposes v is written, although it is to be pronounced like labial b. The two sūtras of Hemajandra-po bah
11 The detailed study of these three aspects along with others will be found in my paper, entitled, "Some linguistic traits peculiar to the Eastern School of Prakrit Grammarians' submitted to the Professor Sukumar Sen Felicitation volume to be published shortly from Calcutta. Here I need not go into the details about these three aspects. 2) On the two schools of Prākrit grammarians, vide my article 'A note on the two schools of Prakrit grammarians, Jaina Bhārati, January 1964, pp. 32-41.