Jaina Temples of Western India

Author(s): Harihar Singh
Publisher: P V Research Institute Varanasi

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Falna Temples of Western India
mudra on a pedestal. This image is not an original The goddess holds trisala, pala, varadamudra and one but was installed during the restoration carried fruit and may be identified with Yakşi Manasi. out in 1322 A. D.' The original image is now pre- The upper register displays seven projecting niches served in Devakulika 20. In the sanctum is also placed alternating with recesses. The central niche cona statue of Hiravijaya installed in 1604 A. D.' tains an image of Pārivanātha seated in dhyana
The buffer wall between the sanctum and gudha- mudra, while the other niches bear images of fourmandapa contains two niches, each having a marble
armed lalitäsana goddesses, each accompanied by image of Jina seated in dhyānamudra.
two female attendants. The recesses contain
figures of Srävakas and Srävikäs standing with Gūdhamandapa
folded hands. In front of the door is a candrafila It is duyanga on plan with a salilantara in
which consists of an ardhacandra tied on either end between. The bhadra is plain, while the karņa with a gagāraka and a Kinnar-couple and flanked is broken into three planes. It shares its pitha
in turn by two talaräpakas. and mandodara with the sanctum and has a The lateral entrances of the gadhamaşdapa are phāṁsanā roof of the similar type as seen in the led through a porch (Fig. 4) which is approached sanctum, but the sculptured niches of which only from the courtyard by a flight of four steps cut the pediments now remain are present only in across the pitha which is but the continuum of that the cardinal directions. The whole of the exterior of the mukhamandapa.8 On each side of the stairhere also is plastered up with white lime.
way is an elephant facing towards inner side, The gūdhamandapa is entered through an ornate Square on plan each porch consists of two pillars door from the front as well as from each side. The and two pilasters supporting a domical ceiling on a front (eastern) door frame is of the satsākha variety, square frame of architraves. The pillars are of the consisting of patra decorated with lotus scrolls, rūpa, square type, with corners chamfered into three again rūpa, ripastam bha, rüpa and again ripa. The angles. The base is made up of a khura, kumbha inset lower part of the jambs is occupied by a framed figure with figures of lalitasana goddesses, kalala, antaraof four-armed standing goddess (Rohini on pro. patra, and kapota decorated with caitya-arch pattern. per right and Vairotyä on proper left) accompanied The shaft is divided into four sections, viz. square. by two female cauri-bearers and a female carrying octagonal, sixteen-sided and circular. The square water vessel. Above this the rūpastambha successively section is the longest one, the circular being next bears five sculptures of four-armed lalitāsana god. in length and the remaining two having almost desses, while the rūpasakhās carry figures of female equal length. The square section carries framed attendants, four flanking each goddess. The udum- figures of four-armed standing gods and goddesses bara is divided into two registers. The lower register on the four faces. The octagonal section bears eight displays mouldings of khura, jad yakumbha, karnikā figures of four-armed lalitasana goddesses. The and gräsapatti. The upper one shows a semi-circular sixteen-sided section has sixteen figures of Srävakas projection carved with stemmed lotus in the centre, standing with folded hands. The circular section a projecting kirttimukha on each side of it and a is divided into three horizontal belts, the lower sculptured niche on either extremity. The niches showing figures of Gandharvas and Vidyadharas, depict Sarvānubhuti on proper right and Ambikā the middle representing a band of chain-and-bells on proper left, both having four arms and seated in alternating with tassels and displaying four pro. lalitāsana with four female attendants. The uttaranga jecting pendants, and the upper carrying a band of is also divided into two registers. The lower regi- kirttimukhas spewing festoons, the ends of which are ster shows a ghatapallava capital with three recessed clasped below by a band of diamonds and beads. angles topping the jambs on either end, while the The capital consists of a double-course round fluted space in between them is filled with the scroll-band bharani of karnika and padma and a four-armed carried over here from the jambs and a row of double-roll bracket. Each arm of the brackets Maladharas facing the lalațabimba which represents bears carving of creepers on the side face and a four-armed lalitasana goddess mounting a lion. foliage in the fo:n of pendant on the front,
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