Jain Journal 1996 04

Author(s): Jain Bhawan Publication
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication

Page 18

JAIN JOURNAL: Vol-XXX, No. 4. April 1996
bhāṣāntarārtham and by bhāṣā he, of course, primarily means Śau. and perhaps secondarily Mg. where also the same form occurs.
116
However, this feature as such occurs in the Saṭkhanḍāgama and is in general governed by the general rule that the intervocalic -t-> - d- in Śauraseni.
(vii) Vocative in a or am.
But in the case of Skt. words ending in -n, in Śau. this -n- becomes optionally -ā in the voc. sg. (Hc. IV. 263), e.g. Skt. bho kañcukin> Sau. bho kancuia; bho sukhin> Sau. bho suhia; this one seems to be a special rule for Sau. in voc. sg. of words ending in -n. In other case n is dropped in the words ending in -n e.g. Skt. bho tapasvi >Śau. bho tavassi; so also bho manassi. This means that the general Mah. form of voc. sg. of words ending in -n is used in Śau. but the present rule ending in -ā in the voc. sg. is a special rule for Śau.
There is no example of this type of rule in the main body of the Satkhanḍāgama, because there is no such scope in the work. But in the case of words ending in -n or a- base the anusvära takes place in place of -n in the voc. in Sau. (Hc.IV.264), e.g. Skt. bho rājan Śau. bho rāyam, similarly bho vijayavarman > Sau. bho viayavammam; sukarman >sukammam. In a similar way we have examples in literature like bho bhagavan kusumāyudha> bho bhayavam kusumāyuha; and so also bhayavam tittham pavatteha.
In all these examples the words ending in -an> -am in the voc. do not seem to be a very peculiar feature of Sau., even though grammarians admit that bhagavan could have been equally bhaava also. This shows the influence of Mah. on Sau. However, as far as the Satkhaṇḍāgama is concerned there is no such example in the work. (viii) Pronominal declension - tasmāt > tā.
In the pronominal declension according to the grammarians (Hc.IV.278) the Skt. form tasmāt>tā in Śau. e.g. tā jāva pavisāmi; tā alam ediņā māņeṇa and so on.
In the sutra of the Satkhanḍāgama the form tā from tasmāt is not met with.
(ix) Future in -ssi.
Apart from this, the grammarians (Hc. IV. 275) say that in Sau. the ending -ssi is added in the future tense instead of -hi as in the case of Mah. eg. bhavissidi, karissidi and gacchissidi.