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A Hand Book of Jainology
These impede the following respectively, (1) in rendering benevolence (2) in attaining profit (3) in enjoying things like food which can be enjoyed once (4) in enjoying things like dress which can be enjoyed several times by wearing and in the emergence of spiritual energy.
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Four Karmas such as jnana are most harmful and the other four are least harmful.
5)
VEDANIYA (2): (1) Shata (2) Ashata.
On account of the effect of Shata, we attain health, several delights and other kinds of happiness. The Ashata produces the contrary effects.
6) AYUSHYA (4): (1) Narakayu (the span of life in hell). (2) Tiryanchayu (the span of life in the realm of animals and birds), (3) Manushyayu (the span of life in the human state), (4) Devayu (the span of life in the heavenly world). The jivas that are bound by the Ayushya in Naraka etc. are retained in that state until that span is over. The jivas exist in their respective states, on account of its effect.
7) GOTRAKARMA (2): (1) Uchchagotra, (2) Nichagotra. Uchchagotra is that by the effect of which the jivas attain wealth, honourable treatment, honour, etc. and are born in high families. The Nichagotra has the opposite effect.
8) NAMKARMA (this is of 67 kinds) Gathi (4) + Jathi (5) + Sharir (5) + Angopang (3) + Sanghyayan (6) + Sansthan (6) + Varnadhi (4) + Anupoorvi (4) + Vihayogathi (2) Total 39. Pindaprakrithi + 8 Prathyek Prakrithi+ Thrasadashaka + Stavardasaka. In this manner, it comes to a total of 67 (Pindaprakrithi means the nature of different forms. Prathyek Prakruthi means individual devoid of differences). These 67 differences are described below.
14 DIFFERENCES OF THE PINDA
1) 4 GATHINAM KARMA : Gathinam karma is that on account of which the jiva is born in hell etc. There are four gathis (1) Manushyagathi, (2) Narakagathi, (3) Tiryanchagathi, (4) Devagathi. These are the four states of existence.
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