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A Hand Book of Jainology
(3) Paravarthan repeating the sutra and the meaning one has learnt; (4) Anupreksha contemplating on the sutra and its meaning; (5) listening to Dharmakathas engaging in spiritual discussions, enquiries, preaching etc.
This is of 4 kinds
4) Dhyan (meditation or contemplation): Artha, Raudra, Dharma and Sukla. These are described later.
6) Kayotsarg : This is a very great internal austerity. According to this, you should recite the Annathasutra and fix firmly your body by means of a place, your voice by means of silence and your mind by means of a sublime meditation. After performing a perfect meditation by means of a vow one must remain without any activity of the body or the voice. is its speciality. This destroys all karmas like Antarays. Kayotsarg is a kind of renunciation (Vyutsarga). This is of 2 kinds : (1) of substances; (2) of thoughts.
This
(1)
"
The Vyutsarga of substances is of 4 kinds :
(1) Ganatyag: For the sake of attaining some special knowledge or tapasya (leaving one group with the permission of the Gurumaharaj and joining another group) or going away leaving one's group for the attainment of such things as jnanakalpa.
ANTIM PADAPOPAGAMANA :
(2) Dehatyag: This implies carrying out Kayotsarg, Anashan, at the proper places discarding the conscious and the inert substances,
or
(3) & (4) Upadhi Ahartyag: Discarding defective excessive clothes, vessels or food in a lonely place according to prescriptions.
(5) Bhavavyutsarg: This means discarding passions, karmas and Samsar.
Questions:
(1) Explain the meaning of Akamnirjara and Sakamnirjara. external austerities ?
(2) What are the benefits of carrying out the internal and
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