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Pramana
220
there appears in the mind an obscure idea. This is called Vyanjanabhigraha (2) We observe some substance and perceive it. This is called Arthavagraha. In the ears of a man, who is hearing, several times, the sound clashes; then any one sound is realised, perceived at the time of the clashing of the sound, an unexpressed, unawareness appears. This is also called Vyanjanabhigrah. The sound can clash even against a wall but it cannot react thus. Therefore, it should be understood that the clashing of sound against lifeless things is different from that on living things. This is not merely contact because unexpressed unawareness is awakened. It is unexpressed knowledge. This is mere sensation not mere perception because the mind and the senses need not have the same contact. The eyes can see only an object placed such that it can be seen. In the same manner the mind also thinks of clear objects.
The form of the Manasamathijnan :
1. The mind can think of the future -- The mind can think of the past, it can think of the present. (4) “This is that person". This kind of linking the present and the past is called pratyabhijnan (5) "If it is so it has to be so". This is called the alternative tarka. (6) Seeing the cause and guessing the effect. This is called Anuman. Seeing floods in the river thinking that it has rained. This is an example. (7) Something seen or heard cannot have happened without a certain earlier condition. This is called Arthaprathi for Ex: We see a man who is strong and active in the day though he has not taken food. We think that he should have eaten food in the night.
Shrutajnan: This kind of knowledge is attained by studying scriptures or listening to the discourses. If you hear a certain sound, it becomes mathijnan. It may be also anabhijnan on account of language but after hearing the sounds, he who knows, understands it. This is called Shrutajnan. It is attained by reading the Shastras or by listening to the advice, discourses or teaching of somebody. Wherever Agams are studied, and discourses are delivered, Shrutajnan is obtained.
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