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A Hand Book of Jainology
on the puru form of the soul (16) Nishadhya (i) fixing a time for carrying out Kayotsarg in cemeteries (ii) staying in a place where there are no women, animals or impotent people (17) Arati If Arati (depression) occurs, he must contemplate on Dharma thus: "I have attained a golden and precious wealth of self-discipline". What do I lack to be in Arati? He must think thus and check Arati or Udveg (18) When one is honoured with food etc., and (19) and with salutation, decoration etc., one should not give way to attachment pride or to such evil propensities (20) not being proud of one's knowledge (21) Ignorance if one is ignorant and if one cannot read, one should not be depressed. He must think of Karmodaya and must keep his pursuit of knowledge alive (22) Ashraddha (lack of faith, scepticism regarding tatvas or faith in false tatvas. If these propensities appear, he must check them by thinking that there cannot be even the slightest contradiction in the words of Sarvajna.
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TEN YATHIDHARMA (DUTIES)
(1) Kshama (forgiveness) (2) Namrata (politeness) and Laghutha (meekness) (3) Saralatha (simplicity) (4) Nirlobha (absence of Avarice (5) Tapa (internal and external austerities) (6) Samyama (kindness to animals and controlling senses) (7) Satya (avoiding condemnable speech) (8) Shaucha (mental purity); non-stealing; not being attached even to substances relating to Dharma (9) Aparigraha (non-attachment) (10) Brahmacharya or celibacy. A sadhu should carry out these 10 duties with the greatest degree of austerity.
THE TWELVE BHAVANAS OR CONTEMPLATIONS
Bhavana means the contemplations by means of which you impel your soul to carry out lofty reflections. The Bhavanas are of 12 kinds :
(1) Anitya Bhavana:
All external substances including the body are transitory (Anitya). They are perishable; therefore, why should we have attachment for them?
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