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A Hand Book of Jainology
KEVALJNAN: The direct knowledge that the soul has of all the dravyas and modifications in this universe.
Mathijnan has four states. Avagraha, Iha, Apaya and Dharana, Avagraha means primary enquiry, Iha means thinking of the pros and cons. Apaya means determination and Dharana means conceptualization and retention.
Here is an example. Something is referred to as, "This is something", This is a conjectural idea 'Is this a trunk or a man?" This is an example of Uhapoha". Approaching it and determining whether it is a trunk or a man is an Apaya or determination. Lastly, retaining it in the mind is Dharana.
2. DARSHANAVARAN 9 :
Darshanavaran means the karma that envelopes ordinary knowledge. (1) On account of the Chakshudarshanavaran karma of the
eyes, we cannot see anything with the eyes. (2) On account of the Achakshudarshanavaran (the non
eye darshanavaran) excepting the eyes, the other
senses and the mind cannot understand anything. (3) Avadhidarshanavaran. (4) Kevaldarshanavaran.
Apart from these, there are five Nidrakramas. In this manner, darshanavaran has 9 sub-groups.
(5 to 9) 5 Types of Sleep (1) Nidra slight sleep from which it is easy to wake up (2) Nidra-nidra, the jiva wakes up from this kind of sleep with great difficulty; (3) Prachala sleeping while sitting or standing; (4) Prachalaprachala sleeping while moving about; (5) Satyanaddhi Acting out in sleep what he thought impossible at day time (a kind of sleep-walking).
The first four Darshanavarans do not allow the power of: darshan or understanding to wake up. All these five types of Nidra completely destroy the power of understanding in a state of wakefulness. Hence, these have been considered as Darshanavarans.
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