Parshwanath ka Chaturyam Dharm

Author(s): Dharmanand Kosambi, Shripad Joshi
Publisher: Dharmanand Smarak Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010817/1

Page #1
hemacandra modI-pustakamAlA nayA~ puSpa pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma-dharma mUla lekhaka sva0 dharmAnanda kosambI anuvAdakartA zrIpAda jozI 'dharmAnanda smAraka TrasTa' kI anumatise prakAzita

Page #2
prakAzakanAthUrAma premI, TrasTI, .zrI hemacandra-modI-pustakamAlA TrasTa, hIrAbAga, bambaI-4. sola ejeNTa hindI grantha ratnAkara (prA0) limiTeDa, bambaI-4. prathamAvRtti sitambara, 1957 mUlya savA rupayA mudraka. raghunAtha dipAjI desAI, nyU bhArata priMTiMga presa, ... 6, kelevAr3I, giragA~va, bambaI-4.

Page #3
pustakamAlAkA paricaya hemacandramodI-pustakamAlAkI yaha nauvIM pustaka hai| isake pahale ATha pustakeM nikala cukI haiM jinakI sUcI anyatra dI gaI hai| hindI-grantharatnAkarake saMsthApaka zrI nAthUrAma premIke ikalaute putra hemacandra modIkA san 1942 meM acAnaka dehAnta ho gayA jinakI pravRtti svatantra vicArapradhAna aura cikitsA-pradhAna thii| vividha viSayoM ke adhyayana manana karane aura unapara lekha likhanekA bhI unheM zauka thaa| isalie unakI smRtikI rakSAke lie isa pustakamAlAkI sthApanA kI gaI aura isameM buddhivAdI sAhitya nikAlanekA nizcaya kiyA gyaa| ise hamezA cAlU rakhaneke lie premIjIne bAraha hajAra rupayoMkA TrasTa kara diyA aura usakI rajisTrI bhI bAmbe pablika TrasTake anusAra maI san 1952 ko karA dI gii| usake bAda unhoMne 1955 meM pA~ca hajAra rupayA TrasTako aura bhI soMpa diye aura isa taraha aba TrasTakI pU~jI satraha hajAra rupayAke lagabhaga ho gaI hai| yaha nizcaya kiyA gayA hai ki isa mAlAkI pustakeM sulabha mUlyapara binA munApheke becI jAe~ aura bikrIse vasUla honevAlI rakamase naI naI pustakeM prakAzita hotI rheN|

Page #4
hemacandra-modI- pustakamAlAke prakAzana 1 bhAratIya saMskRti aura ahiMsA - sva0 dharmAnanda kosambI, pR0 saM0 280, mUlya 2) 2 hindU dharmakI samIkSA - paM0 lakSmaNazAstrI jozI tarkatIrtha, pRSTha 180, mU0 11) 3 jaDavAda aura amIzvaravAda - paM0 lakSmaNazAstrI jozI, tarkatIrtha, pR0 124, mU0 1) 4 svatantra cintana - ( iMgarasolake nibandhoMkA bhadanta Ananda kausalyAyanakRta svatantra anuvAda pR0 200, mU0 1 11 ) 5 nArIkA mUlya - (nibandha) zaratcandra caTTopAdhyAya, dUsarI AvRtti, pR0 88, mU0|) 6 dharma aura samAja ( nibandha ) - prajJAcakSu paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI, pR0 232, mU0 1||) 7 dharma ke nAmapara ( nibandha ) - iMgarasola ke nibandha, pR0 172, mU0 1||) 8 marAThI santoMkA sAmAjika kArya - DA0 viSNu bhikAjI kolate pR0 172, mU0 1 // ) 9 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma - pR0 saM0 136, mU0 11)

Page #5
granthakartAkA paricaya sAdhucarita kosambIjIkA janma govA ke pAsake sAkhavala nAmaka choTe se gA~va meM eka sArasvata brAhmaNa ke ghara 9 akTUbara 1876 ko huA thA / 23 varSa kI avasthA taka ve sAdhAraNa marAThI likhanA par3hanA hI jAnate the / bhagavAn buddhakI jIvanI par3ha kara unakI bauddha dharmake prati jijJAsA itanI bar3hI ki eka dina ve bhagavAn buddhakI hI taraha sahadharmiNI aura ghara dvAra chor3akara nikala par3e / saMskRta par3haneke lie pahale ve pUnA gaye, phira gvAliyara aura phira kAzI / kAzIke anna satroM meM do varSa taka bar3e kaSTase udaranirvAha karate hue unhoMne saMskRta vyAkaraNa aura sAhityakA adhyayana kiyA / isake bAda ve nepAla aura gayA jAkara eka bauddha bhikSukI salAha se siMhala pahu~ce aura kolamboke 'vidyodaya- pariveNa ' nAmaka vidyApIThake mahAsthavira sumaMgalAcAryase unhoMne pravajyA grahaNa kara lI aura unhIMkI adhInatAmeM ve pAlI granthoMkA adhyayana karane lage / siMha ke bAda barmA bhI gaye / isake bAda ve nezanala kAleja kalakattA meM aura kalakattA yUnivarsiTImeM pAlI bhASAke adhyApaka niyukta hue| san 1910, 12, 26 aura 31 meM hAravarDa yUnivarsiTI (amerikA) ke prophesara DA0 jemsa eca0 guDsane kosambIjIko 'visuddhimagga ke sampAdanake lie cAra bAra amerikA bulAkara rkkhaa| san 1911 se 18 taka ve pUnAke phargyusana kAleja meM pAlIke prophesara rahe, phira gujarAta vidyApIThake purAtattva maMdira meM pAlI bhASAke AcAryake rUpameM kAma karane lage / isake bAda leninagrADa ( rUsa ) meM bauddha saMskRtike adhyayana ke lie jo saMsthA khulI, usakA kArya karaneke lie rUsa gaye / 1930 ke prArambha bhArata lauTate hI satyAgraha saMgrAma meM unheM jela jAnA par3A / isake bAda 1934 meM Apa banArasa gaye / 1937 meM bir3alA - bandhuoMkI sahAyatA se parelameM 'bahujana bihAra' kI sthApanA huI aura usameM Apa lagabhaga do varSa taka rahe / 4 jUna 147 ko sevAgrAma (vardhA) meM ApakA zarIrAnta ho gayA / wwwwww

Page #6
dharmAnanda-smAraka TrasTake prakAzana (marAThI) 1 bodhisatva 2 pArzvanAthacA cAturyAma dharma 3 laghupATha 4 suttanipAta

Page #7
nivedana " isa pustakamAlA ke prathama puSpake rUpameM 'bhAratIya saMskRti aura ahiMsA kA prakAzana huA thA / usake lekhaka sva 0 dharmAnandajI kosambIkI hI yaha dUsarI pustaka nauveM puSpake rUpameM pAThakoMke hAthameM jA rahI hai / duHkha hai ki hama ise unake jIte jI prakAzita nahIM kara ske| unhoMne isakI mUla marAThI pratilipi bhI hamAre pAsa bhijavAI thI ki hama usakA hindI anuvAda prakAzita kareM, parantu usa samaya yaha na ho sakA / marAThImeM bhI yaha san 1949 meM, unake zarIrAnta ke bAda, hI nikalI aura usake ATha varSa bAda aba yaha hindI meM prakAzita ho rahI hai / bhAratIya saMskRti aura ahiMsA ' ke ' zramaNa saMskRti ' nAmaka adhyAmeM mahAvIra aura pArzvanAthakI jo carcA kI gaI hai usIko vistRta karake aura tatsambandhI aneka naye tathyoMko zAmila karake yaha pustaka likhI gaI hai aura bahuta svatantratA se likhI gaI hai| kosambIjI bahuta hI nirbhIka aura sAhasI vicAraka the| unhoMne apane dIrghakAla -vyApI adhyayana aura anubhavake anusAra jo kucha ThIka mAlUma huA, vaha likhA aura vicArakoM ke lie eka nayA rAstA dikhAyA / 'bhAratIya saMskRti aura ahiMsA' ke prArambhameM prajJAcakSu paM0 sukhalAlajI saMghavI ne jo 20 pRSThoM kA vistRta 'avalokana' likhA hai / pAThakoMse nivedana hai ki ve use avazya par3ha jAe~; usameM kosambIjIkI aneka sthApanAoMke guNa-doSoMkI bar3I spaSTa aura sahAnubhUtike sAtha AlocanA kI gaI hai aura vaha isa pustakapara vicAra karate samaya vizeSa upayogI hogI / yaha pustaka ase gyAraha varSa pahale likhI gaI thI, jaba ki dUsarA mahAyuddha samApta ho gayA thA / usa samaya aNutramakA AviSkAra ho cukA thA aura mAnava-kalyANake icchuka loga soviyaTa raziyAkI ora bar3I AzA se dekha rahe the / tIsa varSake krAntikAlameM soviyaTa raziyAne jisa

Page #8
samAjavAdI vyavasthAkA vistAra kiyA thA aura itane thor3e samaya meM samUce dezameM jo audyogika vikAsa tathA vaijJAnika unnati kI thI aura phAsijmavirodhI yuddhameM jisa lagana ke sAtha raziyanoMne apanI pitRbhUmi kI rakSA kI thI, usase prabhAvita hokara loga AzA karane lage the ki saMsAra meM zAntikI sthApanA aura jana-kalyANakA kAma soviyaTa rUsa aura usakI sAmAjika vyavasthA ke dvArA hI ho skegaa| yaha AzA nirmUla bhI nahIM thI / parantu yuddhottara kAlameM paristhiti badalI aura raziyAke yuddhakAlIna mitroMke sAtha usakA saMgharSa aura pratiyogitA bar3hane lagI / zItayuddha ( kolDa vAra ) ne jora pkdd'aa| raziyA aura amerikAmeM eTama bama aura hAiDrojana bama bananA zurU ho gaye / phala yaha huA hai ki Aja donoM dezoMne sAre saMsArako sarvanAzakI vikaTa paristhitimeM lAkara khar3A kara diyA hai| ina badalI huI paristhitiyoMmeM mAnava samAjakA kalyANa cAhanevAlI janatA aba soviyaTa rUsase vaha AzA nahIM rakhatI jo dasa varSa pahale rakhatI thii| usakI sArI AzAoMpara pAnI phira gayA hai aura aba yaha zaMkA hone lagI hai ki kyA raziyana samAjavAda mAnava-samAnake lie antataH kalyANakArI ho bhI sakatA hai ? hameM vizvAsa hai ki sAdhucarita dharmAnandajI yadi jIvita hote to ve apanI isa pustakameM soviyaTa rUsake prati nikAle hue uddvAroMmeM avazya hI saMzodhana karate / para ve aba nahIM haiM, isalie hama isa badalI huI paristhitikA sUcana-bhara yahA~ kara dete haiM / " dharmAnanda TrasTa' ke adhikAriyoMne hameM isa pustakako hindImeM prakAzita karanekI AjJA dI aura AcArya kAkA kAlelakarane isa kArya meM sahAyatA dI, isalie hama unake prati kRtajJatA prakaTa karate haiM / prakAzaka

Page #9
viSaya-sUcI 1- saccA samAja dharma - ( kAkA kAlelakara) 2-prastAvanA 3-triSaSThi zalAkA puruSa (tIrthaMkaroMkI U~cAI aura AyuSya, buddhoMke sAtha tulanA) 4-pArzvanAthakI kathA (dharmopadeza, pArzvanAthake zAsana-devatA, pArzvanAthakA nirvANa, digambaroMkA matabheda, kathAmeM itihAsakA abhAva, kyA pArzvanAtha aitihAsika nahIM the ?) 5-16 cAturyAma dharmakA udgama aura pracAra ( pArzvake dharmameM mahAvIra aura makkhali gosAla, makkhali gosAla nAmakA viparyAsa, AjIvaka matakA viparyAsa) 17-26 6-cAturyAsa dharmakA buddhadvArA vikAsa 27-32 7-yogasUtrameM yAma 8-bauddha aura jaina dharmakA prasAra 9-bauddha aura jaina zramaNoMkA hrAsa ( kAlaka kathA, bappabhaTTi kathA, hemacandrasUri, ina caritroMkA niSkarSa ) 34-46 10-jaina upAsaka (Ananda, kAmadeva, culaNI pitA, surAdeva, cullazataka, kuNDakolika, zabdAlaputra, mahAzataka, nandinIpitA, sAlihIpitA) 47-57 11- zramaNoMkA AdhAra dhanika-varga 57-64 12-bAibilakI dasa paramezvarI AjJAe~ (mUsAkA pUrvacaritra, yaho vAkA svabhAva, ' hatyA mata karo' Adi AjJAoMkA artha, yahovA aura dUsare devatA, IsA masIhakA yahovA, seMTa pAlakA pracAra, kAnsTaMTIna bAdazAhakA IsAI dharmako prazraya ) 65-78

Page #10
13-islAma dharmakA pracAra 14- talavArake jorapara IsAI dharmakA pracAra 15-rASTrIyatAkA vikAsa, (rASTrIyatApara soviyatakA ilAja, vaha anya dezoMke lie saMbhava nahIM, do zaktiyoMkI Takkara, mukhya ' ilAja cAturyAmoMkA, rASTrIyatA nahIM cAhie ) 81-86 16-dhArmika sAmpradAyikatAse khatarA 17 - kamyUnisToMkA pracAra, sozalisToMkA pracAra, soviyata saMghako - pU~jIpatiyoMse bhaya, muslima lIgakA kyA kiyA jAe ? 87-90 18- cAturyAmakI zikSA ( inake prayogoMmeM khatarA, ahiMsA, satya, asteya, aparigraha, brahmacarya, anyavrata, zarIrazrama ) 91-101 19-- itihAsakI zikSA 102 20-dhArmika kasauTI 21- cAturyAma hI hamArA devatA hai 22-mAraNAntika sallekhanA 109 23- upasaMhAra 112 106 108

Page #11
saccA samAja-dharma sAdhucarita dharmAnandajI kosambI sanAtanI hinduoMkI brAhmaNasaMskRtimeM pale the; bhagavAn buddhakI jIvanI bacapanameM hI par3hakara buddhake upadezakI ora ve AkarSita ho gaye aura unhoMne bahuta parizrama karake tibbata, laMkA, barmA aura siyAma jaise dezoM meM jAkara vahA~kA bauddha dharma sIkhA aura phira ve bauddha vidyAkI paramparAko svadeza vApasa le Aye / yadyapi unhoMne bauddha dharmakI dIkSA lI thI; phira bhI bauddha dhArmikoMke ve andha-anuyAyI nahIM bane / bauddha vidyAke pracArake lie ve aneka bAra amerikA aura eka bAra rUsa bhI gye| usa samaya unhoMne vahA~ke arthamUlaka samAja-dharmakA adhyayana kiyA / lAlA haradayAla jaisoMke sahavAsameM Anese samAjavAda aura sAmyavAdake viSayameM bhI unake manameM sahAnubhUti paidA huI / gujarAta vidyApIThameM Akara vahA~ bauddha vidyAkA pracAra karate samaya unhoMne jaina dharmakA bhI sahAnubhUtipUrvaka adhyayana kiyA / mahAtmA gA~dhIke siddhAntoMkA kevala adhyayana karake hI ve cupa nahIM baiThe; balki unhoMne gA~dhIjIke AndolanoMmeM hissA bhI liyaa| isa prakAra mAnavIya samAjapara jina jina pradhAna vicAroM aura dhArmika pravRttiyoMkA prabhAva par3A hai, una sabakA AsthAke sAtha adhyayana karake unapara unhoMne apanI svatantra prajJAkA upayoga kiyA aura apane paripakva abhiprAyoMkA nicor3a do-tIna granthoMmeM hameM diyA / bauddha-vidyAkI prApti evaM usake pracArake lie unhoMne jo kucha kiyA thA usakA lekhAjokhA unhoMne apane 'nivedana' aura 'khulAsA' nAmaka do AtmacaritroMmeM peza kiyA hai| itane parizramase prApta kI huI bauddha vidyAkI vistRta kalpanA deneke lie dharmAnandajIne marAThImeM kaI pustakeM likhI haiM / una pustakoMparase unakI gaharI vidvattAke sAtha hI jana-kalyANake prati unakI lagana bhI prakaTa hotI hai|

Page #12
adhikArayukta vANIse bauddha dharmakA itanA sarala vivecana anya kisIne kiyA ho, aisA dikhAI nahIM detaa| __ 'bhagavAn buddha' meM bhagavAn buddhake viSayameM sArI vizvasanIya evaM adyatana jAnakArI A jAtI hai|' buddha dharma ANi saMgha' nAmaka choTI-sI pustakameM jaisA ki usase nAmase hI spaSTa ho jAtA hai, una tInoM bAtoMkI, ratnoMkI, bilakula prAthamika jAnakArI dI gaI hai| 'buddha lIlA-sAra-saMgraha' nAmaka unake atyaMta lokapriya graMthake pahale bhAgameM buddha ke pUrva-janmoMke sambandhakI jAtaka-kathAe~ haiM; aura sAtha hI yaha paurANika jAnakArI bhI hai ki bodhisatvane caritrakI vibhinna pAramitAe~ kaise prApta kii| dUsare bhAgameM buddhakI jIvanI hai; aura tIsaremeM buddha ke upadeza saMkSepameM diye gaye haiN| bauddha-sAhityake pradhAna graMtha 'tripiTaka meMse. vinaya piTakakA sArAMza unhoMne 'bauddha saMghAcA paricaya 'meM diyA hai| bauddhoMmeM jisa prakaraNakI mahimA gItAkI taraha gAI jAtI hai, usa 'dhammapada' kA aura usake bAda utane hI lokapriya gratha'bodhicaryAvatAra'kA anuvAda bhI unhoMne marAThImeM kara diyA hai / bauddha logoMkI yogamArga viSayaka yathArtha kalpanA kyA hai, yaha dharmAnaMdajIkI 'vizuddhi mArga' nAmaka choTI-sI pustakameM acchI taraha spaSTa ho jAtA hai| inake alAvA unhoMne aura bhI kucha choTI-bar3I pustakeM likhI haiN| parantu apane jIvanaviSayaka aura dharmaviSayaka paripakva vicAra unhoMne apane tIna svataMtra maulika graMthoMmeM athita kiye haiN| kina-kina sAmAjika evaM rAjanItika kAraNoMse buddha bhagavAnne rAjyatyAga kiyA aura saMnyAsa grahaNa kiyA, isa sambandhameM unhoMne apanI bilakula svataMtra upapatti 'bodhisattva' nAmaka nATaka graMthameM dI hai| vaidika kAlase dharmavicAroMmeM kaise kaise parivartana hue, dharmakrAntike sAthasAtha vibhinna purohita vargokA nirmANa kaise huA aura dharmakI zuddha kalpanAko saMpradAyoMke alaga alaga vyUhoMmeMse mukta hone meM kaise kaise kaSTa uThAne par3e, yaha saba unhoMne apanI kalpanAke anusAra 'bhAratIya saMskRti

Page #13
aura ahiMsA' nAmaka vivAdAspada graMthameM likhA hai aura usake pazcAt vedakAlake pahale se isa dezake RSi muniyoMne jo tapasyAmUlaka ahiMsA-dharma calAyA thA usakI pariNati bhagavAn pArzvanAthake cAturyAma dharmameM kaise huI aura phira isI cAturyAmamUlaka samAjadharmakA vistAra Ajataka kisa prakAra hotA rahA, so isa 'pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma' nAmaka pustakameM sapramANa batalAyA hai / yahA~ bhI unhoMne apane dilakI kharI-kharI sunAte samaya isa bAtakI bilakula paravAha nahIM kI hai ki usase vAda-vivAdoMkI kitanI A~dhiyA~ uTha khar3I hoNgii| ___ dharmakA artha hai jiivn-dhrm| usameM vyaktigata jIvana aura sAmAjika jIvana donoM Ate haiM; aura sAmAjika jIvanameMse Arthika rAjanItika jaise pradhAna bhAgoMko TAlA nahIM jA sakatA / dharma-zAstra agara saccA jIvana-dharmazAstra ho to vaha rAjanIti aura arthanItise dAmana bacAkara nahIM cala sktaa| ataH cAturyAmAtmaka samAja-dharmakA UhApoha karate samaya dharmAnaMdajIko samAjavAda, sAmyavAda aura gA~dhIvAdake viSayameM apane vicAra prakaTa karane par3e haiM aura vaisA karate samaya kAMgresa aura muslima lIgake ApasI sambandhoM, kAMgresakI antarrASTrIya rAjanIti Adi bAtoMke bAremeM bhI unheM likhanA par3A hai| ___ unakI isa Arthika aura rAjanItika mImAMsAse sahamata honA sabhIke lie saMbhava nahIM / vizeSa anubhavoM ke bAda apane vicAroMmeM parivartana kara lenekI taiyArI dharmAnaMdajImeM hamezA rahI hai| para isa pustakake sAre vivecanameM sAdhucarita dharmAnandajI kosambIkI janahitakI lagana, niHspRhatA, sAmpradAyika abhinivezakA abhAva aura carama koTikI satyaniSThA Adi guNa pradhAnatAse dikhAI dete haiM / koI bhI dharma le lIjie; use aihika dRSTise maz2abUta banAneke lie usake anuyAyiyoMne usakI chIchAledara hI kI hai| isa viSayameM sanAtanI, bauddha, jaina, musalamAna, IsAI Adi koI bhI dharma apavAdAtmaka nahIM hai / yaha bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki samAjavAda, sAmyavAda aura gA~dhIvAdake

Page #14
anuyAyiyoMmeM ye doSa nahIM Aye haiM yA nahIM AyeMge / dharmAnandajI kosambIne svayaM bauddha hote hue bhI bauddha paMthako kahIM muAfa nahIM kiyA hai| mahAvIra svAmIne pArzvanAthake cAturyAma-dharmakA vistAra kiyA / pArzvanAthakA saMpradAya Aja kahIM bhI svataMtra rUpase dikhAI nahIM detA, ataH unake cAturyAma dharmakI sAMpradAyika vikRti upalabdha nahIM / zAyada isIlie dharmAnandajIko pArzvanAthake cAturyAma dharmake prati vizeSa AkarSaNa pratIta huaa| ___pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma hI mahAvIrake paMca mahAvratoMmeM pariNata huA hai| yahI dharma buddha ke aSTAMgika mArgameM aura pAtaMjala yogake yama-niyamoMmeM prakaTa huA hai / gA~dhIjIke Azrama dharmameM bhI pradhAnatayA cAturyAma dharma hI dRSTigocara hotA hai| gA~dhIjIkI kAryapaddhati aisI pratIta hotI hai ki svarAjyakI prAptitaka samUce rASTrako satya aura ahiMsAkI dIkSA dI jAya tathA svarAjyaprAptike bAda asteya evaM aparigrahamUlaka samAja-vyavasthAkI prasthApanA kI jAya; aura isa prakAra aihika evaM pAramArthika mokSakI prapti karAnevAlA sarvodaya siddha kiyA jaay| vedAntake mUlameM bhI cAturyAma dharma hai| yoM dekhA jAya to cAturyAma dharmakA artha hai, manuSyadvArA apanI asAmAjika vRttiko dUra karake vizvakuTuMba-sthApanAkI pUrva taiyArI karanevAlA samAjadharma / samAja-vAdako lIjie yA sAmyavAdako, prajAtaMtrako lIjie, yA arAja-vAdako---satya, ahiMsA, asteya aparigrahake cAra sAmAjika sadguNoMke binA koI bhI samAjaracanA sthAyI rUpase siddha nahIM ho skegii| ina cAra yAmoMke sAtha hI, kamase kama saMyamake rUpameM to brahmacaryake pA~caveM yAmakI vRddhi karanI hI hogI aura ina sabake mUlameM Atmaupamya buddhi rakhakara usa vRttikA vikAsa vizvAtmaikya taka karanA hI hogA, yaha bAta gale utarenemeM dera nahIM lgegii| ___ yadi purAne dharmoko bhaviSyameM banAye rakhanA ho to unake cAroM ora jame hue saMkIrNatAke adhArmika jAlako dUra karanA hI hogA; aura phira yaha sAbita karanA hogA ki isa samaya manuSya-jAtike sAmane jo mahAn evaM kaThina samasyAe~ khar3I haiM unheM sulajhAnekA sAmarthya ina dhoke

Page #15
siddhAntoM meM maujUda hai| jainoMko aisA na samajhanA cAhie ki unakA ahiMsA-dharma kuttoM billiyoMke prANa bacAne aura AlU-baiMgana na khAne meM hI saMpUrNa hotA hai; balki vizvavyApI Arthika zoSaNa, asamAnatA, anyAya, aura atyAcArake pratikArameM ahiMsAkA prayoga kaise kiyA jA sakatA hai aura use kaise saphala banAyA jA sakatA hai, isa kasauTIpara unheM apane ahiMsA dharmako kharA utArakara dikhAnA hogA / mahAtmA gA~dhIne yaha kara dikhAyA, isIlie ahiMsA - dharma saMsAra meM sajIva aura pratiSThita ho gayA / dharmajJa logoM ko cAhie ki ve dharmakI carcAko vyAkaraNa aura tarkake. zAstrArthameMse bAhara nikAlakara aura kSudra rUr3hiyoMko bacAne kI ceSTA chor3akara use vyakti evaM samAja ke samagra jIvanapara caritArtha karake dikhAyeM / dharmAnandajI kosambI dvArA isa dizA meM kiyA gayA yaha pahalA hI prayatna hai aura isalie vizeSa abhinaMdanIya hai / dhArmika sAhitya meM isa nibandhakI prastAvanA meM purAne jamAneke jainiyoM kA mAMsAhArasambandhI ullekha AyA hai| mere dekhate hue yaha carcA gujarAta meM tIna bAra bar3I kaTutAke sAtha huI hai / kisIne yaha to nahIM kahA hai ki prAcIna samayameM sabhI jainI mAMsAhAra karate the, para jaina yaha ullekha nirvivAda rUpase pAyA jAtA hai ki kucha jainI mAMsAhAra karate the / yaha svAbhAvika hai ki Ajake dhArmika logoMko isa bAtakI carcA pasanda na Ae; kyoMki mAMsAhAra tyAgake sambandhameM sabase adhika Agraha Ajake jainiyoMkA hI hai aura eka samAjakI haisiyata se unhoMne acchI taraha usakA pAlana bhI kara dikhAyA hai / yaha to koI kaha nahIM sakatA ki mAMsAhAra dharmya hai / yaha sAbita karanekI ceSTA bhI koI nahIM karanA cAhatA ki pazuoM, pakSiyoM, bakariyoM, murgiyoM, machaliyoM, keMkar3oM Adi prANiyoMko mArakara apanA peTa bharanA koI mahAn kArya hai / isa sambandha meM bahasa ho sakatI hai ki Aja z2amAne meM sArvatrika mAMsAhAra tyAga kahA~taka sambhava hai / mAnava jAtikI manda pragatiko dekhate hue AjakI sthitimeM mAMsAhArI logoMko ghAtakI, krUra yA adhArmika kahanA ucita nahIM hogA / parantu isa viSaya meM kahIM bhI do mata nahIM haiM ki mAMsAhAra na karanA hI uttama dharma hai| prAcIna -

Page #16
kAlameM kucha jainI prakaTa rUpase mAMsAhAra karate the isakA koI aitihAsika pramANa mila gayA, to isa lie koI yaha nahIM kahatA ki Ajake jainI mAMsAhAra kareM aura na isakI bhI koI sambhAvanA hai ki Ajake jainI mAMsa khAneke lie purAne subUtakA upayoga kreNge| jaina dharmakA yaha upadeza asaMdigdha hai ki mAMsAhAra na karanA hI zreSTha jIvana hai| aisI hAlatameM purAne samayakI paristhiti kyA thI, isakI carcAse "bigar3anekA vAstava meM koI kAraNa nahIM thaa| adhikase adhika itanA hI to sAbita hogA ki mAMsAhArake viSayameM Ajake jainiyoMne mahAvIra svAmIke samayakI apekSA kAfI pragati kI hai| isameM burA mAnanekI kyA bAta hai ? paNDita sukhalAlajIne jo eka bAta sujhAI hai, vaha bhI socane-lAyaka hai| ve kahate haiM ki mahAvIra svAmIkA ahiMsA-dharma pracAraka dharma thA, isalie usameM samaya-samaya para vibhinna jAtiyoMkA samAveza huA hai / jisa prakAra aneka sanAtanI brAhmaNa, kSatriya aura vaizya mahAvIra svAmIkA upadeza sunakara jaina hue, usI prakAra kaI krUra, vanya aura pichar3I huI jamAtoMke loga bhI uparata hokara jaina dharmameM praviSTa hue the| aise loga jaina dharmakA svIkAra kara cukaneke bAda bhI eka arase taka mAMsAhAra karate rahe hoM, to usameM koI AzcaryakI bAta nahIM hai| ataH yaha sAbita honese ki purAne samayameM kucha jaina loga mAMsAhAra karate the, yaha anumAna lagAnA g2alata hogA ki sabhI jainoMke lie mAMsAhAra vihita thaa| yaha bAta nirvivAda hai ki mAMsAhAra-tyAgake viSayameM jaina dharmane mAnavIya pragatimeM sabase adhika vRddhi kI hai / brAhmaNa dharma, vaiSNava dharma, mahAnubhAva dharma Adi panthoMmeM bhI mAMsAhAra tyAgakA Agraha dikhAI detA hai| ina sabane milakara mahAn kArya kiyA hai| parantu yaha bhI nahIM bhUlanA cAhie ki ina sabane mAMsAhArI logoMke sAtha apanA AdAna-pradAna baMda karake aura roTI-beTIke vyavahAra para pratibandha lagAkara apanA hI pracAra kuMThita kara liyA hai|

Page #17
isa bAtakA pramANa nahIM milatA ki roTI-beTIkA vyavahAra baMda karaneke bAdake kAlameM nirAmiSabhojI logoMne apane isa tattvakA pracAra kahIM bhI saphalatApUrvaka kiyA ho| isake viparIta aise udAharaNa jagaha-jagaha pAye jAte haiM ki nirAmiSabhojI loga svayaM hI zithila banakara dhIre dhIre luka-chipakara yA khule taurapara mAMsa khAne lage haiN| ahiMsA-dharma jaba taka agnike samAna ujjvala aura pAvaka hogA, taba taka use auroMke samparkase Dara nahIM rahegA / jaba yaha dharma rUDhike taurapara jar3atAke sAtha bane rahanekI ceSTA karatA hai, tabhI use apane cAroM ora bahiSkArakI dIvAreM khar3I karake apanI rakSA karanI par3atI hai aura phira vaha niHsatva banakara 'jItA' rahatA hai| ___ isa nibandhake antameM dharmAnandajI kosambIne pArzvanAthakI mAraNAMtika sallekhanAkA thor3A-sA UhApoha kiyA hai / pArzvanAthakI taraha svayaM bhI isI prakAra dehatyAga karanekA saMkalpa dharmAnaMdajIne kara rakhA thA aura uttapara amala karanA bhI zurU kara diyA thA; parantu mahAtmA gA~dhIne unheM isase parAvRtta kiyaa| magara eka bAra jInekI vRttiko unhoMne jo pIche khIMca liyA, to vaha phira dRr3ha nahIM bana sakI aura isI lie unakA dehAnta ho gyaa| ataH isa mAraNAMtika sallekhanAko tAttvika carcAse adhika mahattva prApta ho gayA hai| mAraNAMtika sallekhanAkA artha hai prAyopavezana yA AmaraNa upavAsa / apane hAthoM akSamya mahApAtaka huA ho to kaI loga prAyazcittake taurapara anna-tyAga karake deha-tyAga kara dete haiM / apanI kI huI pratijJAkA pAlana na ho sakaneke kAraNa bhI logoMdvArA deha tyAga kiye jAneke udAharaNa hama par3hate haiM / " vikArI vAsanA utkaTa ho gaI hai aura saMyama nahIM rahA hai, isa prakArakA anubhava jise apane viSayameM ho jAyaM aura jise aisA lagane lage ki usake hAthoM pApa z2arUra ho jAyagA, taba pApako TAlaneke lie vaha svecchAse deha-tyAga kara sakatA hai| vaisA karanekA use adhikAra hai / parantu yadi pApa ho cukane ke bAda usase uparati ho gaI hai, to prAyazcitta lekara zuddha honA hI acchA hai| pApake viSayameM uparati ho

Page #18
jAnepara jhuMjhalAkara deha-tyAga karanA anucita hai |'-is prakArakA mahAtmA gA~dhIjIkA abhimata hai| ___ vRddhAvasthA huI hai, hAthoMse kisI prakArakI zArIrika yA mAnasika sevA nahIM ho sakatI, AtmoddhArake lie Avazyaka sAdhanAkA pAlana karanekA sAmarthya bhI nahIM rahA hai, aba hama pRthvI yA samAjake lie kevala bhArarUpa bana gaye haiM-aisA jinheM lagatA ho unake lie sar3ate rahanekI apekSA prAyopavezana karake maraNakA varaNa karanA eka zuddha sAmAjika dharma hai / pAMDava vidura Adi paurANika vyaktiyoMne isa dharmakA pAlana kiyA hai| svAmI vivekAnanda eka udAharaNa likha gae haiM ki baMgAlameM pAvahArI bAbAne isI prakAra deha-tyAga kiyA thaa| koI asAdhya aura saMkrAmaka bImArI ho jAya aura usameMse bacanekI koI AzA na rahI ho, to manuSya ke lie prAyopavezana karake deha-tyAga karanA ucita hai / jisa prakAra hara ekako isa bAtakI cintA rakhanI hotI hai ki usakA jIvana samAjake lie bAdhaka na bana jAya, usI taraha isa bAtakI cintA rakhanA bhI samAja-dharmake anukUla hI hai ki usakA maraNa bhI samAjake lie bAdhaka na bne| sabhI jagaha yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki AtmaghAta karanA eka sAmAjika aparAdha hai| sabhI dharmazAstra kahate haiM ki AtmaghAta karanevAleko mokSa nahIM milatA, usakI adhogati hotI hai| ataH yaha eka savAla hI hai ki kAnUna aura dharmazAstrakI isa dRSTike sAtha ullikhita prAyopavezana dharmakA mela kaise biThAyA jAya / manuSyako kabhI na kabhI apane Apa mRtyu to Ane hI vAlI hai; paraMtu use apanI icchAse, cAhe jisa vakta apane Upara le lenekA adhikAra manupayako hai yA nahIM, yahI prazna isa carcAke mUlameM hai| jo samAja manuSyase kahatA hai ki 'tumheM AtmaghAta karanekA adhikAra nahIM hai| vaha svayaM aneka aparAdhiyoMko mRtyudaMDa detA hai| isa parase yaha anumAna nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki jise jInemeM koI sAra mAlUma na hotA ho, vaha kevala apanI icchAse mRtyuko svIkAra na kare; balki isa

Page #19
11 viSaya meM samAjase salAha-mazavirA aura AzIrvAda prApta karake hI mRtyuko svIkAra kiyA jAya / parantu vyakti-svAtaMtryakA vicAra karate samaya isakA bhI vicAra karanA hogA ki kyA mRtyuke viSaya meM manuSya-samAja parataMtra hai ? ghor3A, kuttA, gAya Adi pAlatU pazuoM ko unakI antima sevAke taurapara mRtyu denekA dharma Ajakala svIkRta kiyA gayA hai / aura kuSTha jaise roga se pIDita manuSyakI saba taraha se sevA karaneke bAda bilakula antima sevAke taura para use maraNa denekI z2immevArI samUcA samAja apane Upara uThA le yA nahIM, isa viSayakI carcA jahA~ z2immedAra loga kara rahe haiM vahA~ koI yaha nahIM kaha sakegA ki AmaraNa anazanakA adhikAra vizeSa paristhitimeM bhI manuSyako nahIM hai / isakI carcA honA Avazyaka hai ki kauna-sI paristhitimeM manuSyako vaha adhikAra prApta hotA hai / isa nibandhameM dharmAnandajI kosaMbIne jo vicAra peza kiyA hai usapara svayaM amala karanekA prayatna karake unhoMne isa carcAko jIvita kara diyA hai / samAjako kisI samaya isa praznakI sAMgopAMga carcA karanI hI cAhie / jisa prakAra cAturyAma sAmAjika jIvana-dharma hai, usI prakAra sallekhanA sAmAjika maraNa-dharma hai / donoM milakara vyApaka samAjadharma banatA hai / dharmAnanda kosambIkA yaha vidvattApUrNa nibandha par3haneke bAda kaI logoM ke mana meM yaha zaMkA jarUra uTha sakatI hai ki dharma ke kalevarameMse yadi Izvara, AtmA, paraloka, Izvaraprerita graMtha, maraNottara jIvana aura purohita varga Adi sabhI bAteM nikAla dI jAyeM, to dharmameM dharmatva kyA raha jAyagA ? kyA cAturyAma, saMyama aura zarIra zramase hI dharma bana sakatA hai ? pichalI pIr3hI ke prAraMbha meM dharma-adharmake vaimanasyase Ube hue kitane hI loga kahate the ki ucita nIti- zikSA aura nAgarikoM ke kartavyoMkI hI zikSA dI jAya aura sabhI dharmoM ko zikSA aura jIvanameM se nikAla diyA jAya / unakI aura dharmAnandajI kosambIkI bhUmikA meM vizeSa farka kyA hai ? isake uttara meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki yadi bhUmikA zuddha ho, to phira yaha Agraha kyoM rakhA jAya ki pharka honA hI cAhie ? sAmAnya nIti -zikSAke viSaya meM usa samayake dhArmika

Page #20
12 loga kahate the ki korI nIti - zikSAmeM manuSya ke hRdayako pUrNatayA qAbU meM kara lenekA sAmarthya nahIM hai / sAmAnya nIti - zikSA manuSyako yaha batA sakatI hai ki saMsAra meM kaise rahanA cAhie, para vaha yaha nahIM batalA sakatI ki vaisA kyoM rahanA cAhie / vaha zakti to dharma meM hI hai / Izvaradatta yA Izvaraprerita dharmagrantha athavA Izvarake kisI preSita - paigaMbarapara zraddhA rakhe binA, aura paramAtmA yA kamase kama antarAtmA ke jaise sthAyI tattvako AdhArake taurapara svIkAra kiye binA manuSyake hAthoM Atma-samarpaNa yA Atma - balidAna jaisA divyakarma ho hI nahIM sakatA / jIvanakA antima AdhAra kisI gUr3ha, atIndriya, anazvara tattvapara na ho, to manuSyako zraddhArUpI pAtheya mila hI nahIM sakatA aura zraddhA ke binA ucca jIvana sambhava hI nahIM ho sakatA / isake vipakSa meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki cAturyAma dharma meM jisa prakAra AtmAkA svIkAra nahIM hai, usI prakAra usakA niSedha bhI nahIM hai / cAturyAma dharma vyakti evaM samAja ke lie saMpUrNa dharma hai / jo koI AtmA-paramAtmAkA AdhAra cAhe, vaha use avazya le le | cAturyAma dharmako aise AdhArakI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / dharmAnandajI kahate haiM ki cAturyAma hI hamAre daivata haiM / vedAnta kahatA hai ki vizvAtmaikyako svIkAra kiye binA koI bhI samAja dharma siddha nahIM ho sakatA / asteya, brahmacarya aura ahiMsA vizvAtmaikya para hI AdhArita haiM aura vizvAtmaikya hI parama satya hai / isa satya se bhinna anya Izvara nahIM hai / parantu isa carcA meM utaraneke lie bauddha dharmAnanda taiyAra nahIM the / hama bhI thor3I dera ke lie isa carcAko chor3akara unake isa pAramArthika nibandhakA zraddhA-prajJA-pUrvaka parizIlana kareM / - kAkA kAlelakara

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prastAvanA bhagavAn buddhake samayameM jainoMko nirgratha ( nigaNTha ) kahate the / tripiTaka sAhityameM ina nirgrathoM kA ullekha aneka sthAnoMpara huA hai| unameM se do sthAnoM para ' cAturyAmasaMvarasaMvuto viharati ' aisA ullakha hai / buddhaghoSAcArya dvArA isakA galata artha lagA liyA jAnese merI samajha meM yaha vAkya bilakula nahIM AyA thaa| navambara san 1922 meM maiMne gujarAta vidyApIThakI sevA svIkAra kI / vahA~ kAma karate samaya paNDita sukhalAlajI aura paNDita becaradAsajI do sajjana jaina vidvAnoMse merA acchA paricaya huA / unhoMne mujhe ullikhita vAkyakA hI nahIM, balki tripiTakameM jainoMke sambandhameM jo jo bAteM haiM una sabakA artha acchI taraha samajhA diyaa| unase paricaya na hotA to jaina dharma ke siddhAntoM ke viSaya meM maiM Aja bhI ajJAnameM hI rahA hotA / ataH unase jaina dharmakA jo jJAna mujhe milA usake lie maiM unakA bahuta AbhArI hU~ / vizeSataH cAturyAmakA artha merI samajhameM acchI taraha A gayA aura tabase maiM ina yAmoMke viSaya meM socane lagA / taba maiMne dekhA ki Aja jo kucha zramaNa saMskRti zeSa bacI hai usake Adiguru pArzvanAtha haiM aura buddhake samAna ve bhI zraddheya haiM / isa cAturyAmapara maiMne kucha sthAnoM para bhASaNa dekara pArzvanAtha ke prati apanI zraddhA prakaTa kI / parantu sAtha hI mere mana meM yaha vicAra Ane lagA ki aise ujjvala dharmako vartamAna burI dazA kyoM prApta ho gaI ? svargIya DAkTara bhAMDArakarane mujhase kaI bAra pUchA ki itanA unnata bauddha dharma hindustAnameMse pUrNatayA naSTa kaise ho gayA ? janasAdhAraNa meM usakA nAma taka kyoM na rahA ? isa praznako hala karanekA

Page #22
yathAsaMbhava prayatna maine apanI pustaka 'bhAratIya saMskRti aura ahiMsA' meM kiyA hai / aba jaina dharmakI yaha hAlata kyoM huI, isakI carcA isa lekhameM kI hai| ___ bauddha aura jaina dharmoMkI vartamAna durdazAkA pradhAna kAraNa hai saMpradAyoMkA parigraha / jaisA ki dhammapadameM kahA gayA hai, asAre sAramatino sAre caasaardssino| te sAraM nAdhigacchanti micchAsaMkappagocarA // [ arthAt asAra bAtoMmeM sAra mAnanevAle aura sArayukta bAtoMmeM asAra dekhanevAle tathA mithyA saMkalpoMmeM vicaranevAle loga sAra prApta nahIM kara skte|] __ ye sAmpradAyika loga nirarthaka bAtoMko mahattva dekara dharma-rahasyase dUra cale gaye / isakA eka dilacaspa anubhava mujhe bhI huaa| baddha-kAlameM mAMsAhArakI prathA kaisI thI, yaha dikhAneke lie 'purAtattva' nAmaka traimAsika patrikAmeM maiMne eka lekha likhA / usa lekhameM maiMne pramANoMke sAtha yaha batalAyA ki usa samayake sabhI prakArake zramaNoMmeM mAMsAhAra pracalita thA aura usI lekhameM kucha heraphera karake 'bhagavAn buddha' pustakakA 11 vA~ adhyAya likhA / marAThI 'bhagavAn buddha' kA uttarAdha, jisameM yaha adhyAya AyA hai, nAgapurake suvicAra prakAzanamaMDalakI orase sana 1941 IsavImeM prakAzita huA / kucha digambara jainoMne yaha adhyAya par3hA aura unhIMne yavatamAla (vidarbha) meM eka saMsthAkI sthApanA karake usake dvArA mujhapara nindA-niSedhakI bauchAra zurU kara dI, aura adAlatameM nAliza karanekI bhI dhamakI dii| antameM maiMne nAgapurake 'bhavitavya' (sAptAhika ) meM eka patra prakAzita karake apane AlocakoMko spaSTa uttara de diyaa| tabase vidarbhameM calanevAlA vaha Andolana ThaMDA par3a gyaa| para hamAre sanAtanI jaina bhAI cupa nahIM baiThe / san 1944 meM kalakattese lekara kAThiyAvAr3a ( saurASTra ) taka aneka sabhAe~ karake unhoMne mere niSedhake prastAva pAsa kiye| usameM santoSakI bAta yaha thI ki

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ApasameM sadA jhagar3ate rahanevAle mUrtipUjaka zvetAmbara, sthAnakavAsI zvetAmbara aura digambara mere virodhake lie eka ho gye| mere sAtha vAda-vivAda karaneke lie bhI aneka jaina sAdhu aura gRhastha taiyAra hue / una sabako alaga-alaga uttara denA asambhava thA / ataH maiMne unase gujarAtI dainika 'janmabhUmi' ke dvArA prArthanA kI ki ve hAIkorTake kisI gujarAtI jajako sarapaMca cuneM aura unake sAmane sAre AkSepa rakheM, taba maiM apane pakSakA samarthana kruuNgaa| use sunakara sarapaMca apanA nirNaya de deN| yaha nirNaya yadi mere viruddha ho to maiM jainoMse jAhirA taurapara mAphI mA~gUM; aura yadi una jainiyoMke pratikUla ho to vaha nirNaya samAcAra-patroMmeM prakAzita kara diyA jAya, jisase ki bhaviSyameM yaha vAda hI nahIM rahe / para jainoMko yaha bAta pasanda nahIM AI aura Akhira vaha Andolana apane Apa khatma ho gyaa| phira bhI bIca-bIcameM koI na koI sanAtanI jaina aMTasaMTa patra likhanekI takalIpha letA hI rahatA hai| parantu mere ye jaina bhAI eka kSaNake lie bhI yaha vicAra nahIM karate ki jainadharmakA rahasya mAMsAhAra na karanemeM hai yA cAturyAma dharmameM / yadi cAturyAma dharmameM hai to kyA usake anusAra isa samayake jaina sAdhu aura gRhastha AcaraNa karate haiM ? udayapurake kesariyAnAtha nAmaka jaina mandirameM zvetAmbaroM aura digambaroMne eka dUsarepara goliyA~ calAkara hatyAe~ kiiN| saMmedazikharake pArzvanAtha maMdirakI pUjAko lekara hamezA mukadamA calate rahate haiM; aura ve aksara prIvI kaunsila taka jAte haiN| Ajataka ina mukadamoMmeM lAkhoM rupaye kharca hue haiM aura koI kaha nahIM sakatA ki Age kitane kharca hoNge| girinAra Adi sthAnoMmeM bhI ye jhagar3e cala rahe haiN| magara koI sanAtanI jainI yaha nahIM socatA ki ye cAturyAmase kitane asaMgata haiN| unhoMne mujhapara itanI tohamateM lagAI, to bhI unake prati merA prema kAyama hI hai| yaha doSa unakA nahIM balki sAMpradAyikatAkA hai aura sAMpradAyikatAse bauddha evaM IsAI bhI alipta nahIM haiN| IsAiyoMne to ApasameM lar3akara khUnakI nadiyA~ bahAI haiM / ataH jainiyoMko hI doSa kyoM diyA jAya? parantu aisI sAMpradAyikatAse mukta honekI ceSTA karanA hamArA kartavya hai|

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16 merA yaha prayatna isIlie hai ki sAmpradAyikatAke caMgula se nikalakara hama cAturyAma dharmakA mahattva samajha jAya~ aura usa dharmake AcaraNase mAnava-samAjakA kalyANa karanemeM samartha hoM / isameM jo doSa hoM unheM avazya sudhAreM aura guNa grahaNa karake Atma-para-hitatatpara hoM, yahI merI sabase prArthanA hai / banArasa 29, jUna 1946. } dharmAnanda

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7 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma triSaSThi-zalAkA-puruSa jainoMke do pradhAna sampradAya haiM : zvetAmbara aura digambara / ye donoM sampradAya triSaSThI (63) zalAkApuruSoMko mAnate haiM / prAcIna kAlameM vizeSa nimaMtrita vyaktiyoMko zalAkAe~ ( salAIyA~ ) bhejI jAtI thIM / una zalAkAoM ko dikhAnepara nimaMtrita sthAnameM praveza milatA thA / ' isa paddhatiparase cune hue puruSoMko zalAkA-puruSa kahane kI prathA par3I hogii| jainagraMthoM meM aise cune hue yA prasiddha puruSa 63 batAye gaye haiM / unake nAma isa prakAra haiM : RSabha, ajita, saMbhava, abhinandana, sumati, padmaprabha, supArzva, candraprabha, puSpadanta, zItala, zreyAMsa, vAsupUjya, vimala, ananta, dharma, zAMti, kunthu, ara, malli, suvrata, nami, nemi, pArzva aura vardhamAna, ye 24 tIrthaMkara; bharata, sagara, maghavA, sanatkumAra, zAMti, kunthu, ara, subhAma, padma, hariSeNa, jayasena aura brahmadatta, ye 12 cakravartI; ' dekhie, visuddhimaggadIpikA 2 / 27

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma mmmmmmmmm RSabha vijaya, acala, sudharma, suprabha, sudarzana, nandi, nandimitra, rAma, aura padma, ye 9 baladeva tripRSTha, dvipRSTha, svayaMbhU , puruSottama, puruSasiMha, puruSapuNDarIka, puruSadatta, nArAyaNa (lakSmaNa), aura kRSNa, ye 9 nArAyaNa; aura azvagrIva, tAraka, meraka, madhukaiTabha, nizumbha, bali, praharaNa, rAvaNa aura jarAsandha ye 9 ( unake ) pratizatru / __ isa prakAra kula milAkara 63 puruSa hote haiM / inameMse zAMti, kunthu, aura ara cakravartI hokara tIrthakara bane / unakI ginatI tIrthaMkaroMmeM huI hai aura phira cakravartiyoMmeM bhI huI hai| tIrthakaroMkI U~cAI aura AyuSya U~cAI AyuSyake varSa 500 dhanuSya* 84 lAkha pUrva . ajita 460 , sambhava 400 , abhinandana 350 , sumati / 300 padmaprabha 250 supArzva . 200 candraprabha 150 , puSpadanta 100 , zItala 90 , 1 , " ___* dekhie, tiloyapaNNatti 41579-582 / eka dhanuSya arthAt 4 hAtha yA 6 phITa / ti0 pa0 41585-587 484 lAkhakA eka pUrvAga aura 84 lAkha pUrvogoMkA eka pUrva, arthAt 77 lAkha 56 haz2Ara karor3a varSa ( sarvArthasiddhi a0 3 / 31) dd , dd 50 " "

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zreyAMsa vAsupUjya 70 vimala ananta dharma zAnti kunthu ara malli suvrata nami nemi pArzva vardhamAna tIrthakaroMkI U~cAI aura AyuSya dIpaMkara koNDaJJa -maMgala sumana revata 80 dhanuSya 50 45 40 20 m2 35 30 25 20 15 10 Woo 6 uu "" U~cAI - "" 80 11 "" "" "" 15 14 39 "" 9 hAtha 34 27 80 hAtha 88 " 88 " 90 " "" 84 72 a m 30 10 1 95 84 55 no 30 10 1 100 72 AyuSyake varSa 1 lAkha 1 39 90 hajAra 90 "" lAkha pUrva 35 "" "" "" "" buddhoM ke sAtha tulanA ina tIrthaMkaroM kI tulanA buddhavaMzameM varNita 25 buddhoMke sAtha karanA ucita hogA / "" haz2Ara 135 35 34 123 "" varSa "3 striyA~ 3 lAkha 3," 30 hajAra 63 33 "" 3 99

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. pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma . pAca sobhita 58 hAya ____90 hajAra 43 hajAra (1) anomadassI 58 1 lAkha paduma 58, 1, nArada 8, 90 hajAra 43 ,, padumuttara 58 , 1 lAkha 43 ,. sumedha 90 hajAra sujAta 50, 90 , piyadassI atthadassI dhammadassI siddhattha tissa pussa 58, 90 hajAra vipassI sikhI 70, 70 , 24 , vessabhU 60, 60, 30 , kakusaMgha 40, 40 , 30 , konAgamana 30 kassapa 20 , 20 ,, 48 ,, (2) gotama -" - " 40 , tIrthaMkaroMkI kathAe~ jina graMthoMmeM milatI haiM unase buddhavaMza adhika prAcIna hai / ataH pahale bauddha bhikSuoMne aisI asaMbhAvya dantakathAe~ likhanA zurU kI aura unheM lokapriya hote dekha jaina sAdhuoMne unase bhI Age bar3hanekI ceSTA kI hogii| isa prakArake asatyakI hor3ase bauddhoM . n n n 260000000000RRA HEERREEEEEEEEEE 2

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buddhoMke sAtha tulanA aura jainoMkA hI nahIM, balki sAre hindustAnakA kitanA nukasAna huA, isakI carcA isa pustakameM ucita sthAnapara kI jaaygii| ina dantakathAoMmeM eka vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki zvetAmbara jaina malli tIrthakarako strI mAnate haiM; paraMtu digaMbaroMko yaha bAta svIkAra nahIM hai / unake matase kisI strIkA kevalI honA asaMbhava hai; kyoMki strI nagna nahIM raha sakatI! ullikhita 63 zalAkA puruSoMkI kathAe~ hemacandrAcAryane 'triSaSThizalAkA-puruSacarita' nAmaka graMthameM dI haiN| unameMse kevala pArzvanAthakI kathAkA sArAMza hama yahA~ dete haiN| pArzvanAthakI kathA vArANasIke azvasena rAjAkI patnI vAmAdevIke caitra kRSNa caturdazIke dina vizAkhA nakSatrameM gabha rahA, aura usane pauSa kRSNa dazamIke dina anurAdhA nakSatrameM eka putrako janma diyA / indra Adi devoMne usakA stotra gAyA aura azvasena rAjAne kaidiyoMko bandhamukta karake bar3e ThAThase putrajanmotsava manAyA / vAmAdevIne usa putrake udarameM (kokhameM) rahate samaya aMdherI rAtake bAvajUda apanI bAjUmeM (pArzvataH) reMganevAlA eka sA~pa dekhA thA / rAjAko usakA smaraNa ho AyA aura usane lar3akekA nAma pArzva rakhA / pArzva jaba bAliga huA taba usakI U~cAI nau hAtha thii| / usa samaya azvasena rAjAke pAsa eka aparicita dUta AyA / rAjAne usase AgamanakA kAraNa pUchA to usane kahA, " mahArAja, maiM kuzasthalI nagarIke rAjA presanajitke yahA~se AyA huuN| usa rAjAke prabhAvatI nAmakI eka atyaMta rUpavatI kanyA hai / jaba vaha apanI sakhiyoMke sAtha

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma udyAnameM krIDA kara rahI thI, usane pArzvanAthakI stutise bharA huA gIta kinnariyoMke mu~hase sunA; tabase vaha pArzvanAthapara anurakta ho gaI hai| usake mA~-bApako jaba yaha bAta mAlUma huI to unheM bahuta harSa huA; Ara unhoMne use yahA~ pArzvanAthake pAsa bhejanekA nizcaya kiyaa| ___ " yaha samAcAra yavana (nAmaka) kaliMga rAjAne sunA to vaha apane darabArameM bolA, 'jaba maiM yahA~ mAjUda hU~, to prabhAvatIke sAtha byAha karanevAlA yaha pArzva kauna hotA hai ? aura yaha kuzasthalIkA rAjA use mujhe kyoM nahIM detA ? paraMtu dAnakI pratIkSA to yAcaka karate haiM Ara zUra loga z2abardastIse chIna lete haiM kyoM ki sArI cIjeM zUroMkI hI haiN|' aisA kahakara usane bar3I senAke sAtha Akara kuzasthalIko ghera liyA hai| koI bhI vyakti andara yA bAhara nahIM jA sakatA / maiM kisI taraha rAtako bhAga nikalA huuN|" * dUtakI yaha bAta sunakara azvasenako bar3A krodha AyA aura vaha bolA, " yaha tuccha yavana mere sAmane kyA kara sakatA hai ? aura mere rahate Apako Dara kAhekA hai ? Apake nagarakI rakSAke lie maiM abhI senA bhejatA hU~ !" itanA kahakara usane raNabherI bajAnekA hukma diyaa| pArzva usa samaya krIDAgRhameM thaa| usane vaha bherIzabda aura ekatrita hue sainikoMkA joradAra ghoSa sunA to pitAke pAsa jAkara pUchA ki, 'yaha sArI taiyArI kisalie ho rahI hai ? ' pitAne usa dUtakI ora izArA karake usase prApta samAcAra pArzvako sunAyA / taba pArzva bolA, " tAta, isa muhImameM Apa svayaM na jAkara mujhe bhejie|" azvasena bolA, "beTA, tumhArI yaha umra krIDA karanekI hai| ataH mujhe isImeM Ananda hai ki tuma gharapara hI sukhase rho|" isapara pArzvane kahA, "pitAjI, yaha bhI merI eka krIDA hI hogii| ataH Apa ghara para hI rheN|" .. . .

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pArzvanAthakI kathA .. - ----- -- - isa prakAra pArzvake Agrahake kAraNa azvasenane use lar3AIke lie bheja diyA / pArzvane kuzasthalI jAkara yavanako pUrI taraha harA diyA aura yavana usakI zaraNa gyaa| taba pArzvanAthane yavanako tAkIda kI ki vaha phira kabhI aisA na kare aura use apane rAjyameM vApasa jAnekI anumati de dii| isake bAda presanajit rAjAne pArzvakA bar3A gaurava kiyA aura prabhAvatIkI prItikI bAta use sunAI / taba pArzva bolA, " pitAjIkI AjJAse maiM kevala ApakI rakSAke lie yahA~ AyA hU~, na ki ApakI kanyAke sAtha vivAha karaneke lie|" yaha sunakara prabhAvatI bahuta udAsa huI; paraMtu prasenajitne use sAMtvanA dI aura use sAtha lekara vaha pArzvanAthake sAtha vArANasI pahu~cA / vahA~ azvasenane usakA ucita svAgata kiyaa| prasenajitne use prabhAvatIkA hAla sunAyA aura phira azvasenake Agrahake kAraNa pArzvanAthane usakA pANigrahaNa kiyaa| una dinoM kaTha nAmakA eka tApasa vArANasIse bAhara paMcAgnisAdhana Adi tapa kara rahA thA / sAre nAgarika use dekhane jAte / ataH pArzva bhI vahA~ calA gayA / use usa tApasakI dhUnImeM jalanevAle eka lakkar3ameM eka bar3A sA~pa dikhAI diyA / taba vaha bolA, "kaisA ajJAna hai yaha ! yaha tapasvI hai, phira bhI isake dayA nahIM hai| vinA dayAke dharma kaisA ?" taba kaTha bolA, " rAjaputra to hAthI ghor3e Adi hI jAnate haiM, paraMtu hama munidharma jAnate haiN|" isapara pArzvane apane naukaroMse vaha jalanevAlA lakkar3a bAhara nikalavAkara kaTavAyA to usameM thor3A-sA jalA huA dharaNa nAmakA nAga niklaa| pArzvane logoMse kahA ki ve usa nAgako namaskAra kreN| logoMne pArzvake antarjJAnakI tArIfa kii| yaha sunakara kaThane aura bhI kaThora tapa zurU kiyA aura marakara vaha meghamAlI nAmaka asura huA /

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma idhara pArzva bhagavAn yaha jAna gaye ki unakA karmaphala bhoganA samApta ho gayA hai; ataH ve pravrajyA leneko taiyAra hue, aura vizAlA nAmakI zivikA (pAlakI ) meM baiThakara araNyameM sthita AzramameM gaye / vahA~ unhoMne apane vastra-alaMkAroMkA tyAga kiyaa| taba indrane unheM vastra de diye / unake sAtha 300 rAjAoMne pravrajyA le lii| eka bAra pArzvanAtha yAtrA karate karate eka tApasAzramameM pahu~ce Ara vahA~ eka kue~ke pAsa vaTavRkSake nIce Thahara gye| taba pUrvajanmakA baira nikAlaneke lie meghamAlI asurane bahuta-se bhayaMkara zArdUla (siMha) utpanna karake unheM pArzvanAthapara chor3a diyaa| paraMtu pArzvanAthakI samAdhi bhaMga nahIM huI Ara ve zArdUla kahIMke kahIM cale gaye / isake bAda meghamAlIne kramazaH pahAr3a jase hAthI, apane DaMkase pattharoMko tor3anevAle biccha, nirdaya rIcha, dRSTi-viSa sA~pa, aura bhayaMkara betAla utpanna karake unheM pArzvapara chor3a diyA / magara ve saba vahIMke vahIM naSTa ho gaye / taba meghamAlIne kalpAnta megha jasI varSA kI / usase bAr3ha AI aura pArzvanAthakI nAkataka pAnI pahuMca gyaa| usa samaya dharaNa nAgarAjakA Asana kaMpita huA aura usane jAna liyA ki pUrvajanmakA kaTha isa janmameM meghavAlI banakara pArzvanAthako satA rahA hai / ataH vaha apanI rAniyoM sameta pArzvake pAsa gayA aura usane apane zarIrase pArzvanAthako gherakara apane sAta phanoMse unapara chatra banA liyA aura usakI rAniyoMne pArzvanAthake sAmane suMdara nRtya zurU kiyaa| pArzvanAtha jisa prakAra meghavAlIkI karatUtoMse vicalita nahIM hue the usI prakAra usa nRtyakA bhI koI prabhAva unapara nahIM pdd'aa| ___ meghavAlI lagAtAra pAnI barasAtA hI rahA / yaha dekhakara dharaNa nAgarAja kruddha huA aura bolA, "are, tU yaha kyA kara rahA hai ? usa dina lakar3Ike aMdara sA~pa jala rahA hai, yaha jAnakara prabhune tujhe pApase

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pArzvanAthakI kathA nivRtta karanekA prayatna kiyA to usase terA kyA ahita huA ? prabhukA sadupadeza bhI tere bairakA kAraNa bana gayA !" yaha bAta sunakara meghamAlI Dara gayA aura pArzvanAthakI zaraNa gyaa| pArzvanAtha vahA~se vArANasI pahu~ce aura vahA~ke udyAnameM eka dhAtakI vRkSake nIce Thahare / vahA~, jisa dina unakI dIkSAke 84 divasa pUre hue, usa dina arthAt caitra kRSNa caturdazIko subaha unake ghAtiyA karmoMkA nAza huA aura unheM kevala-jJAna prApta huaa| / usa avasarapara deva-deviyA~, nara-nAriyA~ aura sAdhu-sAdhviyA~ unheM namaskAra karake yathocita sthAnapara baiTha gaI / vaha vaibhava udyAnapAlane dekhA aura usane rAjamahalameM jAkara namaskArapUrvaka azvasenako kaha sunAyA / azvasena vAmAdevIke sAtha apane pUre parivArasameta pArzvanAthake pAsa gaye aura unheM namaskAra evaM pradakSiNA karake indrake pAsa baitthe| indra aura azvasenane pArzvanAthakA stavana kiyaa| pArzvanAthakA dharmopadeza . isake anantara pArzvanAthane isa prakAra dharmopadeza kiyA:-isa jarA-vyAdhi-mRtyuse bhare hue saMsArarUpI mahAraNyameM dharmake sivAya anya trAtA nahIM hai| ataH usIkA sahArA lenA cAhie / yaha dharma do prakArakA hai--sarvavirati aura ekadezavirati + / inameMse pahalA saMyama Adi dasa __ + isakA varNana hemacandrAcAryane nahIM kiyA hai| paraMtu tattvArthAdhigamasUtrameM sarvaviratike ye dasa prakAra diye gaye haiM :-kSamA, mArdava (mRdutA), Arjava ' (saralatA), zauca (nirlobhatA), satya, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, AkiMcanya aura brahmacarya / isameM ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura asaMgraha, ina pA~ca mahAvratoMkA samAveza hotA hI hai / ina pA~ca mahAvratoMkA pAlana gRhastha loga pUrNa-rUpase nahIM kara sakate, ataH unake ina vratoMko aNuvrata kahate haiM /

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10 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma prakArakA hai jo sAdhuoMke lie hai aura dUsarA bAraha prakArakA hai jo gRhasthoMke lie hai| isameM pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata Ate haiN| ina vratoMke pAlanameM (gRhasthoMse) aticAra ho jAya, to ve puNyaprada nahIM hote| ataH pA~ca aNuvratoMmeM hara ekake pA~ca aticAra varmya kiye jaayeN| rAgase (prANiyoMko) bA~dhanA, nAka-kAna chedanA, adhika bojha lAdanA, mArapITa karanA aura bhUkhe rakhanA-ye ahiMsA aNuvratake pA~ca aticAra varya kiye jaayeN| - jhUThA upadeza, binA soce bAta karanA, gupta bAteM prakaTa karanA, vizvAsa rakhakara kahI gaI bAta dUsareko batAnA aura jhUThe dastAvez2a taiyAra karanA-ye satya aNuvratake pA~ca aticAra varNya kiye jaayeN| corIke lie anumati denA, corIkA mAla lenA, viruddharAjyAtikrama yA virovI rAjAke rAjyameM jAnA, banAvaTI mAla taiyAra karanA aura nApa-taulameM beImAnI karanA--ye asteya aNuvratake pA~ca aticAra vajya kiye jaayeN| digvirati, dezavirati aura anarthadaNDavirati ye tIna guNavrata haiM aura sAmAyikavrata, proSadhavrata. upabhoga-paribhoga-parimANavrata evaM atithisaMvibhAgavata ye cAra zikSAvrata haiN| ina bArahoM vratoMkA spaSTIkaraNa na karake hemacandrAcAryane kevala unake aticAra diye haiM / unameMse pA~ca aNuvratoMke aticAra yahA~ diye gaye haiN| zeSa 7 vratoMkA spaSTIkaraNa tattvArthAgamasUtrakI sarvArthasiddhi-TIkA (a0 7 sUtra 21) ke AdhArapara kiyA hai / hemacandrAcAryake diye hue ina 7 vratoMke aticAra yahA~ isalie nahIM diye gaye haiM ki unase vivecana bahuta bar3ha jaaygaa| . ..

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pArzvanAthakA dharmopadeza vezyA-athavA-parastrI-gamana, kumArI athavA vidhavA-gamana, dUsaroMkA byAha (yA prema ) karAnA, strIsaMgakA atireka aura aprAkRtika maithuna -ye brahmacarya aNuvratake pA~ca aticAra varNya kiye jAya~ / ___ dhana-dhAnyoMkA, sAmAnya dhAtuoMkA, gAyoM-ghor3oM Adi jAnavaroMkA, khetI-bAr3I aura gharoM evaM sone-cA~dIkA nizcita sImAse adhika saMgraha karanA--ye aparigraha aNuvratake pA~ca-aticAra varNya kiye jaayeN| digviratikA artha hai amuka dizAmeM amuka sImAke pAra na jAnA / dezaviratikA artha hai amuka gA~va yA pradezameM na jAnA / kAyA, vAcA aura manake prayogako daNDa kahate haiM* / unakA durupayoga karanA anarthadaNDa hai / usase virati anarthadaNDavirati hai| ye tIna viratiyA~ pA~ca aNuvratoMke lie guNakArI haiN| isalie inheM guNavrata kahate haiN| aise kAla aura sthAnameM maiM isa vrata yA ina vratoMkA AcaraNa karU~gA, isa prakArakA niyama karanA sAmAyika vrata hai / do aSTamiyA~ aura do caturdaziyA~ milAkara cAra proSadha dina hote haiM / usa dina pavitra sthAnameM jAkara upavAsa karanA proSadhavrata hai| khAne-pIneko upabhoga kahate haiM aura or3hanA,bichaunA, vastra, zayana, Asana ghara Adi paribhoga haiN| usameM parimANa ( ucita mAtrA) rakhanA upabhoga-paribhoga-parimANavata hai| atithiyoM aura sAdhuoMko bhikSA denA atithi saMvibhAgavata hai / ye cAra vrata pA~ca aNuvratoMkI zikSA dete haiM, isalie inheM zikSAvrata kahate haiN| yaha upadeza sunakara bahuta-se logoMne, vAmAdevIne, prabhAvatIne aura hastisenako rAjya dekara azvasenane bhI pravrajyA le lii| * majjhimanikAya upAlisutta dekhie /

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12 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma pArzvanAthake zAsana devatA kUrmakA vAhana aura sirapara nAgaphana rakhanevAlA, bAyIM tarafake do hAthoMmeM nakula evaM sA~pa dhAraNa karanevAlA, dAyIM orake do hAthoMmeM phala aura sA~pa dhAraNa karanevAlA zyAmavarga caturbhaja gajAnana yakSa pArzvanAthakA zAsana devatA bnaa| isI taraha murgepara aura sA~papara baiThanevAlI, dAyIM orake do hAthoMmeM padma evaM pAza dhAraNa karanevAlI, bAyIM orake do hAthoMmeM phala evaM aMkuza dhAraNa karanevAlI, svargavarNA padmAvatI devI pArzvanAthakI dUsarI zAsanadevI bnii| pArzvanAthakA nirvANa yahA~ taka hamane triSaSThi-zalAkA-puruSaritrake nauveM parvake dUsare aura tIsare saukA sArAMza btaayaa| cauthe sargameM sAgaradatta evaM bandhudatta nAmaka do vyApAriyoMke pUrvajanmakI aura usI janmakI kathAe~ haiN| unameMse sAgaradattane pArzvanAthase prazna kiyA ki jinaratna pratimAkI sthApanA kaise kI jAya aura pArzvanAthakI batAI vidhike anusAra usa mUrtikI sthApanA karake usane pravrajyA le lii| baMdhudatta nAgapurIkA rahanevAlA thA / usane aura usakI patnI priyadarzanAne pArzvanAthase gRhasthavrata le liyA aura nAgapurIke navanidhisvAmI rAjAne pravrajyA le lii| isa prakAra dharmopadeza karate hue ghUmate samaya pArzvanAthake sAdhuziSya 16 hajAra, sAdhviyA~ 38 haz2Ara, zrAvaka 1 lAkha 64 hajAra aura zrAvikAe~ 3 lAkha 77 haz2Ara huii|| apane nirvANako nikaTa jAnakara pArzvanAtha sammeda parvatapara gaye Ara vahA~para 33 sAdhuoM sameta 30 dina anazanavrata ( upavAsa) karaneke bAda zrAvaNazuklA aSTamIko vizAkhA nakSatrameM unheM nirvANaprApti huii| ve gRhasthAzramameM 30 barasa, aura saMnyAsAzramameM 70 barasa rhe|

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digambaroMkA matabheda digambaroMkA matabheda triSaSThi-zalAkA-puruSacarita zvetAmbara saMpradAyakA grantha hai| usameMse kaI bAteM digambaroMko svIkAra nahIM haiN| unameMse pArzvanAthake caritrase sambandha rakhanevAlI bAteM ye haiM:-ve pArzvanAthakA janma pauSakRSNa ekAdazIko vizAkhA nakSatrameM (ti0 pa0 4 / 1548) aura nirvANa zrAvaNa zukla saptamIko vizAkhA nakSatrameM (ti0 pa0 4 / 1207) huA mAnate haiN| unake manameM pArzvanAtha kumAra-brahmacArI the aura ve kevalI ( jIvanmukta ) honeke bAda kavalAhAra ( annAhAra ) nahIM karate the; kyoMki kevaliyoMko annakI AvazyakatA hI nahIM rhtii| ataH unheM yaha bAta pasaMda nahIM ki pArzvanAthane nirvANake samaya anazana kiyA thaa| isa vAda-vivAdameM jainetara logoMko koI dilacaspI nahIM hogI / paraMtu yaha tAtparya to sabhI loga grahaNa kara sakate haiM ki sampradAya bana jAnepara mAmUlI bAtoMmeM bhI kaise matabheda paidA ho jAte haiN| pArzvanAthakI kathAmeM itihAsakA abhAva Upara Uparase par3hanevAlA vyakti bhI yaha asAnIse samajha sakatA hai ki pArzvanAthakI ullikhita sArI kathA kAlpanika hai / yaha bAta asambhava hai ki pArzvanAthake samayameM kaliMga dezameM yavana nAmakA rAjA rAja karatA ho / anya bAteM bhI aisI hI haiN| yaha saMbhava hai ki unakA janma vArANasImeM huA ho, paraMtu isake lie koI AdhAra nahIM ki unakA pitA vahA~kA rAjA thA / vajjiyoM yA malloMke rAjyoMkI taraha kAzIkA rAjya bhI gaNasattAtmaka thaa| paraMtu buddhasamakAlameM usakI svataMtratAkA nAza hokara usakA samAveza kosala dezameM ho gayA thA / yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki pArzvanAthakA janma kAzIke svAtaMtrya-kAlameM huA thA yA

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma usakA samAveza kosala dezameM honeke bAda / una dinoM acche vastrako 'kAzika vastra' aura acche candanako 'kAzika candana' kahA jAtA thA / isa parase yaha anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki kAzIke gaNarAjA pragatizIla the| aise dezameM pArzvakA janma huA ho to koI AzcaryakI bAta nhiiN| .. kyA pArzvanAtha aitihAsika nahIM the ? yahA~para yaha savAla uTha sakatA hai ki yadi pArzvanAthakI kathA kAlpanika ho to svayaM pArzva bhI kAlpanika kyoM na hoMge ? isakA uttara yaha hai ki ye sArI dantakathAe~ hote hue bhI tripiTaka granthoMmeM jainoMke sambandhameM aura jainoMke AgamoMmeM pArzvake sambandhameM jo jAnakArI milatI hai usaparase yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki pArzvanAtha aitihAsika puruSa the| _ tripiTakameM nirgranthoMkA ullekha aneka sthAnoMpara huA hai| usase aisA dikhAI detA hai ki nigraMtha saMpradAya buddhase barasoM pahale maujUda thA / aMguttara nikAyameM yaha ullekha pAyA jAtA hai, ki vappa nAmakA zAkya nigraMthoMkA zrAvaka thaa| usa suttakI aTThakathAmeM yaha kahA gayA hai ki yaha vappa buddhakA cAcA thA* / arthAt yaha kahanA par3atA hai ki gautama buddhake janmase pahale yA unakI choTI umrameM hI nigraMthoMkA dharma zAkya dezameM pahu~ca gayA thA / mahAvIra svAmI buddhake samakAlIna the| ataH yaha mAnanA ucita hogA ki yaha dharma-pracAra unhoMne nahIM balki unase pahaleke nirgrathoMne kiyA thaa| + ekaM samayaM bhagavA sakkesu viharati kapilavatthummi / atha khA vappo sakko nigaNTha sAvako i| -aMguttara, catukkanipAta, catutthapaNyAsaka, pA~cavA~ vagga ___* vappoti dasabalassacullapitA |-aNguttr aTThakathA, sayAma saMskaraNa 2 / 474

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kyA pArzvanAtha aitihAsika nahIM the ? 15 jaina graMthoMmeM aneka sthAnoMpara yaha ullekha pAyA jAtA hai ki ina prAcInatara nirgrathoMke netA pArzvanAtha the| unameMse eka mahattvapUrNa uddharaNa yahA~ diyA jAtA hai / : pArzva tIrthakarakA khyAtanAma ziSya kezI apanI bar3I ziSyazAkhAke sAtha zrAvastI gayA aura tinduka nAmake udyAnameM ThaharA / vardhamAna tIrthaM - karakA prasiddha ziSya gotama bhI bahuta-se ziSyoMke sAtha zrAvastI pahu~cA aura koSThaka nAmake udyAnameM Thahara gayA / una donoMke ziSyasaMghoM meM ina do saMpradAyoMke matAntarake sambandhama carcA hone lagI / taba yaha jAnakara ki jyeSTha kula kezIkA hai, gotama apanI ziSyazAkhAke sAtha tinduka udyAna meM pahu~ce aura unhoMne kezIse bhaTa kI / usa samaya kezIne yaha prazna pUchA ki, cAujjAmo ya jo dhammo jo imo paMcasikkhie / desio vaDUmANeNa pAseNa ya mahAmuNI // eka kajjapavannAnaM visese kiM nu kAraNaM / dhamme duvihe mehAvI kathaM vippaccayo na te // [ he mahAmuni, cAturyAma dharmakA upadeza pArzvane kiyA aura paMcatratoMke usI dharmakA upadeza vardhamAnane kiyA / eka hI kAryake lie udyata hue ina donoMmeM yaha pharka kyoM hai ? he medhAvI, isa dvividha dharmaka viSaya meM tumheM kaise zaMkA nahIM AtI ? ] isapara gotama bole, purimA ujjuz2aDDAu vakkajaDDAya pacchimA / majjhimA ujjupannAu teNa dhamme duhA kae // [ prathama tIrthakarake anuyAyI Rju - jar3a hote haiM aura aMtima tIrthaMkara ke anuyAyI vakra- jar3a; paraMtu madhyama bAIsa tIrthakaroMke hote haiM; isalie do prakArakA dharma hotA hai / ] anuyAyI Rju -prajJa

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma isakA artha yaha hai ki RSabhadevake anuyAyI sIdhe kintu jar3a honese aura vardhamAnake anuyAyI vakra evaM jar3a honese ve donoM tIrthaikara paMcamahAvratoMke dharmakA upadeza dete haiM; Ara bIca bAIsa tIrthakaroMke anuyAyI sIdhe (sarala) aura prajJAvAn honese ve tIrthaMkara kevala cAturyAma dharmakA upadeza dete haiM / 16 kezIne dUsarA prazna yaha pUchA ki, acelao a jo dhammo jo ime saMtaruttaro / desio vaDamANeNa pAseNa ya mahAmunI // P eka - kajja -pavannANaM visese kiM nu kAraNaM / liMge duvihe mehAvI kahaM vippaccayo na te // [ arthAt he mahAmuni, vardhamAnane acelaka ( digaMbara ) dharma aura pArzvane tIna, do yA eka vastra rakhanekA dharma pracArita kiyA / eka kAryameM udyata hue ina donoMmeM yaha pharka kyoM ? he medhAvI, isa dvividha liMgake viSayameM tumhe zaMkA kaise nahIM AtI ? ] isapara gotama bole: vinnANeNa samAgamma dhammasAhaNamicchiyaM / paccayatthaM ca logassa nANAviha vikappaNaM / jattatthaM gahaNatthaM ca loge liMgapaoaNaM // [ arthAt kevala jJAnase sampanna hokara ( ina do tIrthaMkaroMne) logoMke vizvAsake lie, zarIrayAtrAke lie aura jJAnalAbhake lie vibhinna liMgaprayojanoMkA upadeza kiyA / ( uttarAdhyayana, 23 vA~ adhyayana ) ] cAturyAmakA paMcamahAvratameM aura sacelaka vratakA acelakatratameM parivartana karane ke lie yahA~ diye hue kAraNa joradAra dikhAI nahIM dete aura unase aisA lagatA hai ki yaha samvAda bhI kAlpanika hI hogA / paraMtu samaJJa phalamuttameM nirgrathoMkA varNana ' cAturyAma saMvarasaMvuto' kahakara

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cAturyAma dharmakA udgama aura pracAra 17 kiyA gayA hai, jisase yaha sAbita hotA hai ki buddhake samaya taka nirgrantha loga cAturyAma-dharmako hI mAnate the| tatpazcAt mahAvIra svAmIne una yAmoMmeM brahmacarya vratako jor3a diyaa| isI taraha tripiTakameM isake lie bhI pramANa milatA hai ki nigraMtha loga kamase kama eka vastrakA prayoga karate the / * paraMtu isake lie koI AdhAra nahIM milatA ki ve acelaka (naMgna ) rahate the| yadyapi yaha jAnakArI adhUrI hai, phira bhI usaparase yaha mAnanA ucita jJAta hotA hai ki pArzvanAtha vidyamAna the aura unhoMne cAturyAma dharmakA upadeza diyA thaa| cAturyAma dharmakA udgama aura pracAra ___ yaha cAturyAma dharma isa prakAra hai :-savvAto pANAtipAtivAo veramaNaM, evaM musAvAyAo veramaNaM, savvAto adinnAdANAvo veramaNaM, savvAto bahiddhAdANAo veramaNaM ( sthAnAMgasUtra 266)- . arthAt sabhI prakArake prANa-ghAtase virati, usI prakAra asatyase virati, saba prakArake adattAdAna ( corI ) se virati aura saba prakArake bahirdhA AdAna (parigraha ) se virti| ina cAra viratiyoMko yAma kahate haiM / yahA~ yama dhAtu damanake arthameM hai / ina cAra prakAroMse Atmadamana karanA hI cAturyAma dharma haiN| usakA udgama vedoM yA upaniSadoMse nahIM balki vedoMse pahale isa dezameM pracalita tapasvI RSimuniyoMke tapodharmase huA haiN| ye RSimuni saMsArake duHkhoM Ara manuSya manuSyake bIca honevAle asadvyavahArale Ubakara araNyameM cale jAte the aura cAra prakArakI tapazcaryA karate the| unameMse eka tapa ahiMsA yA dayAkA hotA thaa| pAnIkI ___ * tavidaM bhante pUraNena karasapena lohitAbhijAti paJcattA tigaNThA eksaattkaa| -aMguttara chakkanipAta, dutiya paNNAsaka, paThamavagga, sutta 36

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18 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma bUMdako bhI kaSTa na denekI vaha tapazcaryA hotI thI* / unapara asatya bolanekI naubata hI na AtI thii| ve araNyake phala-mUloMpara nirvAha karake rahate the; ataH yaha kahanekI AvazyakatA nahIM ki ve corIse alipta rahate the| ve yA to nagna rahate the yA phira bahuta huA to valkala pahanate the; ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki ve pUrNarUpeNa aparigrahavratakA pAlana karate the| paraMtu ina yAmoMkA pracAra ve nahIM karate the| ataH brAhmaNoMke sAtha unakA jhagar3A kabhI nahIM huaa| paraMtu pArzvanAthane ina yAmoMko sArvajanika banAnekI ceSTA kii| unhoMne aura unake ziSyoMne logoMse milanevAlI bhikSApara nirvAha karake janasAdhAraNako bhI ina yAmoMkI zikSA denA zurU kiyA aura usake pariNAmasvarUpa logoMmeM brAhmaNoMke yajJa-yAga apriya hone lge| mahAvIrasvAmI, buddha evaM anya zramaNoMne bhI isa dayAdharmakA pracAra kiyA Ara isIlie zramaNoM aura khAsakara jainoM evaM bauddhoMpara brAhmaNoMkI vakradRSTi huii| vAstavameM kevala brAhmaNoMkA virodha karaneke lie pArzvane isa cAturyAmadharmakI sthApanA nahIM kI thI / mAnava-mAnavoMke bIcakI zatrutA naSTa hokara samAjameM sukhazAMti rahe, yahI isa dharmakA uddezya thaa| paraMtu pArzvanAthane ahiMsA to RSi-muniyoMse lI thI; ataH usakA kSetra manuSyajAtitaka sImita karanA unake lie saMbhava nahIM thaa| unhoMne logoMse kahA ki jAnabUjhakara prANiyoMkI hatyA karanA anucita hai; aura usa samayakI paristhitimeM sAdhAraNa janatAko yaha ahiMsA pasaMda AI / kyoMki rAjA loga aura sampanna brAhmaNa jabardastIse unakI khetIke jAnavara chIna lete the aura yajJa-yAgameM unheM bezumAra katla karate the| * dekhie : bhAratIya saMskRti aura ahiMsA, (vi. 2 / 5-6 5039) bhagavAn buddha pRSTha :61 + dekhie, 'bhagavAna buddha' dUsarA adhyAya /

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mahAvIra svAmI aura makkhala gosAla pAzrva dharmameM mahAvIra svAmIdvArA kiye parivartana Upara diye gaye uttarAdhyayana sUtrake avataraNase yaha spaSTa dikhAI detA hai ki pArzvanAtha ke cAturyAma dharmameM mahAvIra svAmIne do pradhAna parivartana kiye / arthAt cAturyAmake sthAnapara paMcamahAtratoMko aura sacelakatvake bajAya acelakatvako sthAna diyA / vahA~para kahA gayA hai ki inameMse pahalA parivartana tatkAlIna kuTila jar3a-vakra evaM jar3abuddhi logoMke lie kiyA gayA thA / yaha bAta saMbhava nahIM mAlUma hotI ki pArzvanAthake samayake loga sarala evaM prajJAvAn the aura do-tIna sau varSoMkI avadhi meM ve jar3a evaM vakrabuddhi bana gaye hoM / pArzvanAthake aparigrahameM brahmacaryakA samAveza hotA thA / paraMtu eka bAra saMpradAya bana jAne ke bAda zAyada aparigrahakA yaha artha lagAyA jAne lagA ki strIko apane pAsa rakhakara gRhasthIkA jhaMjhaTa to na bar3hAyA jAya, para kisI samaya strI-prasaMga karanemeM koI Apatti nahIM honI cAhie / isalie cAturyAmameM brahmacaryavratakA samAveza karanA par3A / gotama bodhisattva dvArA chaha-sAta barasataka kI gaI kaThora tapazcaryAse yaha sAbita hotA hai ki mahAvIra svAmIke jamAne meM tapasyAko bahuta adhika mahattva prApta ho gayA thA / buddhane isa tapazcaryAkA tyAga kiyA aura mahAvIra svAmIne usakA aMgIkAra kiyA / usase jaina dharmameM acelakatva A gayA / 19 mahAvIra svAmI aura makkhali gosAla " mahAvIra svAmI pravrajyA leneke bAda agale varSa makkhali gosAla unase milaa| gosAla unakA ziSya honA cAhatA thA / paraMtu mahAvIra svAmIne use spaSTatayA svIkAra nahIM kiyA / phira bhI gosAla unake sAtha lagabhaga ATha varSataka rhaa| usake bAda usane chaH mAhataka tapazcaryA karake tejolezyA prApta kara lI aura phalajyotiSakA acchA

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20 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma adhyayana kiyA / isase use bar3I khyAti prApta huI aura usane AjIvaka paMthakI prasthApanA kii|"+ mahAvIra svAmIkI pravrajyAkA jaba 27 vA~ varSa cala rahA thA, taba gosAla zrAvastImeM rahatA thA / vaha apaneko 'jina' kahalavAtA thaa| paraMtu mahAvIra khAmIkA kahanA thA ki vaha jina nahIM hai / isase vivAda khar3A huA aura gosAlane mahAvIra svAmIpara tejolezyA chor3akara kahA, " AyuSman kAzyapa, mere isa tapastejase tuma pitta evaM dAha jvarase pIr3ita hokara chaha mahIneke andara mara jaaoge|" isapara mahAvIra svAmIne uttara diyA, " gosAla, tere tapastejase terA hI zarIra dagdha huA hai / maiM to abhI 16 barasataka jIvita rahanevAlA huuN| paraMtu tU hI pittajvarakI pIr3Ase sAta dinake aMdara mara jAyagA / "* taba gosAla vahA~se apane nivAsa-sthAnameM gyaa| usakI tejolezyAne usIke zarIrameM praveza kiyA thA, jisase usakI sthiti bar3I dayanIya ho gaI / dAhako zamana karaneke lie vaha lagAtAra eka AmakI guThalI cUsa rahA thA, zarAba pI rahA thA aura miTTI milA huA pAnI zarIrapara chir3aka rahA thaa| unmAdavaza hokara vaha nAca rahA thA, gA rahA thA aura hAlAhalA kumhArinako ( jisakI bhANDazAlAmeM vaha rahatA thA ) namaskAra kara rahA thA / aisI paristhitimeM jaba usakI mRtyu samIpa A gaI to vaha apane ziSyoMse bolA, " xe bhikSuo, aba maiM zIghra hI maranevAlA huuN| mere mara jAneke bAda tuma loga mere zavake bAyeM paira meM gUMja ( nAmaka ) ghAsakI rassI bA~dho aura mere mu~hapara tIna bAra thuuko| phira vaha rassI pakar3akara + zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra pRSTha 25-37 * mahAvIra svAmI kAzyapagotrake the| isalie unheM kAzyapa kahate the / . x zra0 bha0 ma0 pR0 122-138

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makkhali nAmakA viparyAsa 21. . merI lAzako zrAvastIke sabhI caukoM aura bAz2AroMmeMse ghumAo aura udghoSita karo ki, yaha maMkhali gozAlaka jina honekA DhoMga raca rahA thA, para binA jina hue hI mara gyaa|" __"gosAlake ziSyoMne hAlAhalAkI bhANDazAlAke. andara hI zrAvastIkA eka nakzA banAyA aura gosAlake zavako usake Adezake anusAra vahIM ghumAyA / yaha nATaka samApta honeke bAda unhoMne usa zavako nahalAyA aura kapar3ese DhA~kakara pAlakImeM biThAyA aura sArI zrAvastImeM ghumAkara usakA ucita kriyAkarma kiyaa|" makkhali nAmakA viparyAsa jaina granthakAroMkA kahanA hai+ ki maMkha nAmakI eka naToMkI jAti thI, usa jAtimeM janma leneke kAraNa gosAlake maMkhaliputra kahA jAtA thA / yadi yaha saca ho to use maMkhaputra kyoM nahIM kahA gayA ? usameM 'li' kahA~se AyA ? buddhaghoSAcAryane to isase bhI jyAdA kamAla kara dikhAyA hai| unhoMne makkhali zabdakI vyutpatti isa prakAra dI hai :makkhali usakA nAma thA aura gauzAlAmeM usakA janma honese use gosAla (gozAla) kahA jAtA thA / vaha telakA ghar3A lekara kIcar3ameMse jA rahA thA, taba usake mAlikane usase kahA, " dekho bhAI, nIce mata giranA (mA khli)|" para vaha galatIse gira par3A aura mAlikake Darase uThakara bhAgane lagA / mAlikane usakI dhotI pakar3a lii| paraMtu use mAlikake hI hAthameM chor3akara vaha naMgA hI bhAga gyaa| isa prakAra 'mA-khali' zabdaparase use makkhali kahA jAne lagA / * + zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra pR0 283 * dIghanikAya a0 1 / 181-182, majjhima nikAya a0 2 / 314

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma makkhalike nAmapara aise zleSa karake aura usake sambadha meM andhAdhundha dantakathAe~ likhakara jaina aura bauddha granthakAroMne apanA ochApana hI prakaTa kiyA hai| Upara dI gaI makkhalikI kathA jaina AgamoM meM hI hai / aba hama dekheMge ki usameM kahA~ taka tathya hai / 22 makkhali AjIvaka sampradAyakA netA thA / paraMtu vaha usa saMpradAyakA saMsthApaka nahIM thA / usase pahale nandavaccha aura kisa saMkiJca ye donoM usa sampradAyake netA the / eka bAra bhagavAn (buddha) rAjagRha meM gRdhrakUTa parvatapara rahate the / usa samaya AyuSmAn Ananda bhagavAn ke pAsa gayA, bhagavAnko namaskAra karake eka tarapha baiTha gayA aura bolA, " bhadanta, pUraNa kAzyapane jo chaha abhijAtiyA~ batAI haiM ve isa prakAra haiM : - cir3ImAra, kasAI Adi zUra karma karanevAle logoMkI kRSNAbhijAti, bure karmopara zraddhA rakhanevAle zramaNoMkI nIlAbhijAti, eka vastra rakhanevAle nirgrathoMkI lohitAbhijAti, AjIvaka zrAvaka gRhasthoMkI haridrAbhijAti, AjIvaka zramaNoM aura zramaNiyoMkI zuklAbhijAti, aura nandavaccha ( vatsa ), kisa saMkiJca ( kRza saMkRtya ) aura makkhali gosAlakI paramazuklAbhijAti / isa prakAra ye chaha abhijAtiyA~ pUraNa kAzyapane batAI haiN|"* pUraNa kAzyapa dUsare eka bar3e saMpradAyakA netA thA / vaha ina jAtiyoMkA varNana karatA hai aura unameM nandavatsa, kRza saMkRtya, aura makkhali gosAla, ina tInoM kA hI atyucca jAtimeM samAveza karatA hai; isase aisA lagatA hai ki usa samaya ye tIna hI jina the / * yaha suttakA sArAMza hai / mUla sutta aMguttaranikAya chakkanipAta, dutiyapaNNAsaka, paThamavaggameM dekhie /

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makkhali nAmakA viparyAsa 23 mmmmmmm buddha bhagavAnko abhI abhI sambodhi prApta huI thI aura paMcavargIya bhikSuoMko upadeza deneke hetuse ve banArasa jA rahe the| buddha gayA aura gayAke bIca unheM upaka nAmakA AjIvaka milA aura bolA, " Ayupman , tumhArA mukha praphullita dikhAI detA hai| tumhArA AcArya kauna hai ? " bhagavAnne kahA, "bodhijJAna maiMne svayaM hI prApta kiyA hai, ataH kisa AcAryakA nAma maiM batAU~ ?" upakane pUchA, "to kyA tuma ananta jina ho gaye ho ?" bhagavAnne kahA, "AsravoMkA kSaya karake mere jaise loga jina hote haiN| pApadharmapara vijaya pAneke kAraNa maiM jina huuN|" isapara "ho sakatA hai !" kahakara upakane sira hilAyA aura vaha dUsare mArgase calA gayA / * buddha bhagavAndvArA lagAyA gayA jina zabdakA artha upakako nahIM aNcaa| kyoM ki usake manameM kaThora tapazcaryAse hI manuSya jina ho sakatA thA aura aise jina usIke saMpradAyameM the| dUsare saMpradAyoMmeM yaha kamI thii| isIse pArzvanAthakA saMpradAya pichar3a gayA aura AjIvakoMkA Age bar3ha gyaa| ataH apane sampradAyakI rakSA karaneke lie mahAvIra svAmIko jinakI upAdhi prApta karanI pdd'ii| arthAt tapazcaryAke saba prakAra sIkhaneke lie ve makkhali gosAlake pAsa pahu~ce hoM to koI AzcaryakI bAta nhiiN| isIlie unheM vastratyAga karanA pdd'aa| pravrajyAke samaya unake pAsa eka hI vastra thaa| yAnI ve ekacelaka nigraMthoM se eka the| gosAlake sAtha rahaneke bAda unheM vaha vastra chor3anA pdd'aa| vatra rakhakara jina honA gosAlakI dRSTimeM asaMbhava thaa| mahAvIra svAmIne AjIvakoMkI sArI tapazcaryA kI bhI, phira bhI ve apanA cAturyAma dharma chor3aneko taiyAra nahIM the / vaha dharma chor3akara unhoMne makkhalikA niyativAda svIkAra kiyA hotA, to ve bhI usa paMthake eka jina * majjhimanikAya, ariyapariyesana sutta, mahAvagga 1 / 14 / 15 onarmadamamarinewwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwnwarmirm

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma bana jaate| paraMtu sArI tapazcaryA samApta honeke bAda mahAvIra svAmI apane pahaleke nipa~tha sampradAyameM cale Aye hoNge| unakA netRtva nigraMthoMne svIkAra kiyA, phira bhI unakA acelakatva svIkAra karaneke lie ve taiyAra nahIM the| mahAvIra svAmIne bhI isa sambandhameM adhika Agraha nahIM rkhaa| saMbhavataH yaha tai pAyA ki hara koI apanI icchAke anusAra sacelaka yA acelaka bane / kyoM ki pAli tripiTakameM nigraMthoMko acelaka nahIM kahA gayA hai| aMguttaranikAyake ullikhita avataraNase yaha spaSTa dikhAI detA hai ki nigraMthoMke pAsa kamase kama eka vastra rahatA thA / bauddha vAGmayameM acelaka zabda kevala AjIvakoMke lie prayukta kiyA gayA hai / isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki azokake z2amAnetaka to kevala AjIvaka hI nagna rahate the| AjIvaka matakA viparyAsa hameM aisI dRr3ha zaMkA hai ki gosAlake matakA bhI bauddhoM aura jainoMne bahuta viparyAsa kiyA hogA / gosAla yaha kahatA thA ki sAre prANI niyati (daiva ), saMgati aura bhAva ( svabhAva ) ina tIna guNoMse pariNata hote haiN| manuSya sau barasake Age-pIche mara jAtA hai yA amuka padArthake amuka guNa hote haiM, yaha niyati samajhanI cAhie / saMgatikA guNagAna to svayaM buddhane hI kiyA hai aura hamAre madhyayugIna sAdhu-santoMne usapara bahuta jora diyA hai / Adhunika kAlameM bhI sozalisTa ( sAmyavAdI) saMgatiko utanA hI mahattva dete haiM / svabhAvase hI manuSya koI 1 niyati-saMgati-bhAva-pariNatA / dIgha0 1130 2 bhAratIya saMskRti aura ahiMsA pR0 175-177 3 yahA~para saMgatikA artha hai paristhiti / Merrie England nAmaka pustakameM par3hI huI eka ghaTanAkA smaraNa yahA~ hotA hai / vaha isa prakAra hai :

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AjIvaka matakA viparyAsa 25. kArya karane ko pravRtta hotA hai| kisIko DAkTarI pasanda AtI hai to kisI ko rAjanIti, ataH makkhali gosAlako kevala niyativAdI ThaharAkara usakI ha~sI ur3AnA atyaMta anucita hai / yaha bAta vizeSataH jaina graMthakAroM ne kI hai| jainoMke kahaneke anusAra gosAlakA mata yadi tyAjya hotA, to eka proTesTaMTa pAdarI laMdanakI galiyoMmeM AvArA bhaTakanevAle tIna hajAra lar3akoMko jamA karake unheM kanADA le gayA aura vahA~ eka bar3e khetapara unheM rakhakara unakI zikSA-dIkSAkA acchA prabandha kiyA / ye lar3ake iMglaiMDameM yoM hI bekAra bhaTakate rahate, to unameMse adhikatara samAja ke lie qhataranAka bana jAte; paraMtu kanAr3Ake khule khetoMmeM unakI paravariza bahuta acchI huI aura unameMse eka bhI gunahagAra nahIM nikalA / prathama mahAsamarake bAda rUsameM lAkhoM bacce lAvArisa banakara idhara-udhara bhaTakane lage / unakI behada adhogati huI / unheM sudhAraneke lie deraz2anskI nAmaka sovieta kamisArane upaniveza basAye / unameMse khArakova zaharake pAsakA bar3A upaniveza maiMne san 1932 IsavI meM dekhA thA / isa upanivezameM sau-Der3ha sau lar3akiyA~ thIM aura do savA do sau lar3ake / unake lie tIna sau ekar3a khetI aura boariMga mazIneM taiyAra karanekA kArakhAnA thA / isa kArakhAne meM eka sAtha 40 lar3ake kAma sIkhate the / hara roz2a cAra ghaMTe bauddhika zikSA aura cAra ghaMTe khetI-bAr3I yA kArakhAnemeM yaMtra banAnekA kAma bArI-bArI se sikhAyA jAtA thA / lar3akiyoMkI bastI alaga thI aura lar3akoMkI alaga / magara sabake lie eka nATyagRha thA aura bIca bIca meM vahA~ vidyArthI aura vidyArthiniyA~ nATaka khelA karatI thIM / unakA antargata prabandha ve svayaM hI dekheM aisA niyama thA / aura jabataka koI qhAsa z2arUrata na A par3atI, adhyApaka gaNa unake prabandhameM hastakSepa nahIM karate the | kula prabandha itanA acchA thA ki sanAtha baccoMko bhI unake mA~-bApa isa bastI meM bhejaneko utsuka rahate the; parantu unheM dAkhila karAnA saMbhava nahIM thA / isa bastI ke baccoMko agara pahalekI taraha bhaTakane diyA jAtA to unameMse bahuta-sAre bacce khataranAka gunahagAra bana jAte / aise baccoMko deraz2enskIne kaise sudhArA, isakA itihAsa bar3A dilacaspa hai /

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26 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma kyA sundara guphAyeM banavAkara azokane usa saMpradAyakA gaurava kiyA hotA ? jisa prakAra azokane tIna guphAyeM banavAI thIM, usI prakAra usake pote (dazaratha) dvArA bhI AjIvakoMko tIna guphAyeM dI jAneke zilAlekha prasiddha haiN| azokake kevala saptama zilAlekha meM nirgrathoMkA ullekha hai; paraMtu isakA ullekha kahIM nahIM milatA ki azokane unheM guphA yA bihAra banavA diye hoM / bauddha saMghake bAda azoka AjIvakoMkA hI Adara karatA thA; usakA kAraNa kevala unakI tapazcaryA nahIM balki unakA sadAcAra hI rahA hogA / isake lie eka pramANa saMyuttanikAyake saMgAthAvagga meM milatA hai / makkhali gosAlake sambandhameM sahalI devaputra kahatA hai : . tapo jigucchAya susaMvRtatto vAstaM pahAya kalaha janena / samosavA virato saccavAdI naha nU na tAdI pakaroti pApaM // [ arthAt tapasyA se hiMsAmaya pApakA tyAga karaneke kAraNa jisakA mana susaMvRta ho gayA hai, jo satyavAdI logoM se kalaha utpanna karanevAlI vAgI chor3akara aura niMdya karmoMse virata hokara samabhAvakA AcaraNa rakhatA hai, vaha kabhI pApa nahIM karatA / ] yaha usa samayakA lokamata devaputrake mu~hase kahalavAyA gayA hai / aise satpuruSakI manamAnI nindA karake jainoM aura bauddhoMne apane apane paMthoMkA koI kalyANa kiyA ho, aisA mujhe nahIM lagatA / azoka ke isa upadezapara jainoM aura bauddhoMne bilakula dhyAna nahIM diyA ki, " usa usa sambandhameM sabhI saMpradAyoMkA gaurava rakhA jAya / aisA karanese apane saMpradAyakI * devaputrasaMyukta, nAnAtitthiyavagga /

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cAturyAma dharmakA buddhadvArA vikAsa abhivRddhi hotI hai aura dUsare paMthakA upakAra hotA haiM / jo isase viparIta AcaraNa rakhatA hai vaha apane paMthakI hAni karatA hai aura dUsare paMthakA apakAra karatA hai / jo koI apane paMthakA gaurava evaM dUsare paMthI nindA karatA hai vaha apane paMthakI bhakti ke kAraNa vaisA karatA hai; kyoMki vaha apane paMthakA bakhAna karanA cAhatA hai / / 27 isa prakArake viparyAsake kAraNa prAraMbha meM ina do saMpradAyoMko thor3A-sA lAbha bhale hI pahu~cA ho, magara usase unakI asahiSNutA bar3hatI gaI aura usake kAraNa unameM phUTa par3akara ye donoM saMpradAya kSINa ho gaye / isa prakAra azokakA yaha kathana satya sAbita huA ki ' atta pAsaNDaM chanati ' athavA ' upahanati ' / usa z2amAnemeM nandavaccha, kisa saMkicca aura makkhali gosAla hI jina the / arthAt AjIvakoMko hI jaina kahanA cAhie / paraMtu aneka kAraNoMse usa saMpradAyakA hrAsa hotA gayA aura nirgratha loga apane hI tIrthaMkarako saccA jina mAnane lage aura Age calakara apaneko jaina kahalavAne lage / buddhako bhI bauddha loga jina kahate the, paraMtu unhoMne usa nAmako adhika mahattva nahIM diyA, eka tarahase yaha acchA hI huA; varanA isa viSayameM bar3e jhagar3e ho jAte ki sacce jaina kauna haiM / cAturyAma dharmakA buddhadvArA vikAsa isakA ullekha Upara A cukA hai ki vappa zAkya nirgrathoM kA zrAvaka thA / isase yaha spaSTa hai ki nirgranthoMkA cAturyAma dharma zAkya dezameM pracalita thA / paraMtu aisA ullekha kahIM nahIM milatA ki usa dezameM nirgranthoMkA koI Azrama ho / isase aisA lagatA hai ki nirgrantha zramaNa + azokakA bArahavA~ zilAlekha / * dekhie pRSTha 14

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma bIca-bIcameM zAkya dezameM jAkara apane dharmakA upadeza karate the| zAkyoMmeM AlArakAlAmake zrAvaka adhika the; kyoMki unakA Azrama kapilavastu nagarameM hI thA / x AlArake samAdhimArgakA adhyayana gotama bodhisattvane bacapana meM hI kiyA;+ phira gRhatyAga karanepara ve prathamataH AlArake hI AzramameM gaye aura unhoMne yogamArgakA adhyayana Age calAyA / AlArane unheM samAdhikI sAta sIr3hiyA~ sikhAIM / phira ve udraka rAmaputrake pAsa gaye aura usase samAdhikI AThavIM sIr3hI sIkhI, paraMtu utanese unheM santoSa nahIM huaa| kyoMki usa samAdhise manuSyake jhagar3e qhatma honA saMbhava nahIM thA / taba bodhisattva udraka rAmaputrakA Azrama chor3akara rAjagRha cale gaye / vahA~ke zramaNa saMpradAyameM unheM zAyada nirgranthoMkA cAturyAma-saMvara hI vizeSa pasaMda AyA; kyoM ki Age calakara unhoMne jisa Arya aSTAMgika mArgakA AviSkAra kiyA, usameM isa cAturyAmakA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| paraMtu usa z2amAnemeM isa cAturyAmako gauNatva prApta hokara tapazcaryAko mahattva mila gayA thA / AjIvaka saMpradAyameM hI jina the aura sabako aisA lagatA thA ki jina hue binA dharmopadeza karanekA adhikAra prApta nahIM hotaa| isI lie mahAvIra svAmIne gosAlakI madadase kaThora tapasyA kI aura tabhI nigraMthoMne unheM apanA netA maanaa| isI lie gotama bodhisattvako bhI tapazcaryAmeM kamAla karake apanA mArga prazasta karanA ucita mAlUma huaa| lagabhaga chaha varSa taka tapazcaryA karaneke bAda unheM pUrA vizvAsa huA ki unake karmayogameM dehadaNDanase koI lAbha nahIM ho sakatA; balki vaha hAnikara hI hogaa| sAtha hI kevala cAra yAmoMse + bha0 bu0 pR0 103-185 x bhagavAn buddha pR0 92 bha0 bu0 pR0 116-117

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cAturyAma dharmakA buddhadvArA vikAsa kAma nahIM calegA; unameM samAdhi evaM prajJAko bhI jor3a denA cAhie / cAra yAma ziva ( kalyANapada ) haiM, samAdhi zAMta aura sundara hai, aura prajJA satyabodhakara hai / AjIvaka yA nigraMtha jo tapazcaryA karate the, vaha kisalie ? isI - lie ki pUrvajanmake karmoMkA nAza hokara AtmAko kaivalya prApta ho skex| paraMtu jisa AtmAke lie yaha tapazcaryA karanI hai, usakA astitva hI kucha zramaNa svIkAra nahIM karate the| aise matakA samarthaka ajita ke kaMbala thA / pUraNa kAzyapakA kahanA thA ki AtmA amara hai aura use kisI bAtase hAni nahIM pahu~catI / + nimnalikhita devaputra saMyuttakI gAthAse yaha dikhAI detA hai ki pUraNa kAzyapakA mata mAnanevAle. bahuta-se loga the / buddhake pAsa Akara asama devaputra yaha gAthA kahatA hai : ------ idha chindita mArite na pApaM samanupassati save vissAsamA cikkhi 29 hatajAnIsu kassapo / pu vA pana attano / sattthA arahati mAnanaM // [ arthAt mArapITa aura lUTapATa karanemeM AtmAko pApa yA puNya nahIM hai, aisA pUraNa kazyapa dekhatA hai / vaha dharmaguru (zAstA ) mokSakA vizvAsa dilAtA hai; ataH vaha mAnanIya hai / ] ataH aise AtmavAdameM kauna saccA aura kauna jhUThA ? gotama bodhi X iti purANAnaM kammAnaM tapasAvyantI bhAvA, navAnaM kammAnaM akaraNA AyatiM anavassavo, AyatiM anavastavA kammakkhayo, kammakkhayA dukkhakkhayo, dukkhakkhayA vedanAkkhayo, vedanAkkhayA sabbaM dukkhaM nijjiNNaM bhavissatI ti / - cULadukkhakkhandhasutta, majjhimanikAya, mUlapaNNAsaka / * bha0 bu0 pR0 186 + bha0 bu0 pR0 184

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30 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma satvako yaha spaSTa dikhAI diyA ki aise vAdoMse satkarma yogameM koI lAbha nahIM balki hAni hI hotI hai / aura unhoMne AtmAko bIcameM na lAkara apanA mArga nikAlanekA prayatna kiyA, jaba unheM vaha mArga mila gayA tabhI ve buddha ho gye| unake aSTAMgika mArgake lie AtmAkI bilakula AvazyakatA nahIM hai / isa saMsArameM duHkha vipula hai; usakA kAraNa mAnavoMkI tRSNA hai aura usake AtyaMtika nirodhakI ora le jAnevAlA aSTAMgika mArga hai| isa mArgakA vivaraNa 'bhAratIya saMskRti Ara ahiMsA' (pR. 56-62 ) aura ' bhagavAn buddha ' (pR. 138-144 ) ina do pustakoMmeM A cukA hai; ataH yahA~para use hama nahIM duharAte / __ isa Arya aSTAMgika mArgakA samAveza zIla, samAdhi aura prajJA ina tIna skandhoMmeM hotA hai / samyak vAcA, samyak karma aura samyak AjIva ina tIna aMgoMkA samAveza zIla skandhameM hotA hai; samyak vyAyAma, samyak smRti aura samyak dRSTi evaM samyak saMkalpa ina do aMgoMkA samAveza prajJAskandhameM hotA hai+| zIlaskandha buddha dharmakI nIMva hai| zIlake binA adhyAtmamArgameM pragati honA saMbhava nahIM hai / pArzvanAthake cAra yAmoMkA samAveza isI zIlaskandhameM kiyA gayA hai aura usIkI rakSA evaM abhivRddhike lie samAdhi tathA prajJAkI AvazyakatA hai / kevala AkaMkheya sutta (majjhimanikAya) par3hanese bhI patA cala jAyagA ki bhagavAn buddhane zIlako kitanA mahattva diyA hai| ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki buddhane pArzvanAthake cAroM yAmoMko pUrNatayA svIkAra kiyA thaa| unhoMne una yAmoMmeM AlArakAlAmakI samAdhi aura apanI khojI huI __ + dekhie : cULavedallasutta, majjhimanikAya / * bhAratIya saMskRti aura . ahiMsA pR. 59-60 / zIla, samAdhi aura prajJAkA varNana 'buddha, dharma, ANi saMgha' nAmaka pustakake dUsare vyAkhyAnameM AyA hai| use vahA~ dekhA jA sakatA hai|

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cAturyAma dharmakA buddhadvArA vikAsa cAra-AryasatyarUpI prajJAko jor3a diyA aura una yAmoMko tapazcaryA 'evaM AtmavAdase mukta kara diyaa| buddhana tapazcaryAkA tyAga kiyA thA, isalie tapasvI loga unheM aura unake ziSyoMko vilAsI kahate the| isa sambandhameM dIghanikAyake pAsAdikasuttameM bhagavAn buddha cundase kahate haiM, " ai cunda, anya saMpradAyoMke parivrAjaka kaheMge ki zAkyaputrIya zramaNa mauja ur3Ate haiM / unase kaho ki mauja yA vilAsa cAra prakArake haiM / koI ajJa manuSya prANiyoMko mArakara mauja ur3AtA hai, yaha pahalI mauja huI / koI vyakti corI karake mauja ur3AtA hai, yaha dUsarI mauja huI / koI vyakti jhUTha bolakara mauja ur3AtA hai, yaha tIsarI mauja huii| koI vyakti upabhoga vastuoMkA yatheSTa upabhoga karake mauja ur3AtA hai, yaha cauthI mauja ( kAmasukhallikAnuyoga ) huii| ye cAra maujeM hIna, ga~vAra, pRthak-janasevita, anArya evaM anathakArI haiN|" arthAt buddhake matameM cAra yAmoMkA pAlana karanA hI saccI tapasyA hai| isakA pramANa bauddha yA jaina sAhityameM nahIM milatA ki pArzvanAtha AtmavAdameM par3ate the / paraMtu buddhasamakAlIna nirgranthoMne AtmAko svIkAra kiyaa| Upara batAyA jA cukA hai ki tapazcaryA aura cAra yAmoMke dvArA pUrvajanmake pApakarmakA kSaya karake AtmAko duHkhase mukta karanA hI unakA dhyeya thA* / isI pAsAdika suttameM bhagavAn buddhane isakA uttara diyA hai ki maiM isa AtmavAdameM kyoM nahIM pdd'aa| bhagavAn kahate haiM, "he cunda, anya saMpradAyoMke parivrAjaka pUchege ki mRtyuke pazcAt AtmA utpanna hotA hai yA nahIM, Adi praznoMkA spaSTIkaraNa zramaNa gotamane kyoM nahIM kiyA ? unase kaho ki, AyuSmantA, yaha hitakArI * pRSTha 29 para pahalI TippaNI dekhie /

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32 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma viodaaividio nahIM hai, dharmopayogI nahIM hai, brahmacaryake lie AdhArabhUta nahIM hai.... nirvANakA kAraNa nahIM hai| taba ve pUchege ki, yaha duHkha, yaha duHkhakA samudaya, yaha duHkhakA nirodha aura yaha duHkhanirodhagAmI mArga, inakA spaSTIkaraNa bhagavAnne kiyA hai, so kyoM ? kyoM ki vaha hitakArI hai, dharmopayogI hai, brahmacaryake lie AdhArabhUta hai....nirvANakA kAraNa hai|"+ yogasUtrameM yAma yadyapi nigraMthoM ( jainoM )ne tapazcaryAkA aMgIkAra kiyA aura AtmavAda nahIM chor3A, tathApi cAra yAmoMkA pracArakArya bhI jArI rkhaa| cAra yAmoMmeM mahAvIra svAmIne brahmacaryako jor3a diyaa| jaina sAdhuoMkA yaha upadeza rahatA thA ki isa brahmacaryakA pAlana gRhasthoMko bhI yathAsaMbhava karanA cAhie / 'ahiMsAsatyAsteyabrahmacaryAparigrahA yamAH ( yogasUtra 2 / 3 ) sUtrameM ina yAmoMko yama kahA gayA hai aura 'jAtidezakAlasamayAnavacchinnAH sArvabhaumA mahAvratam ' meM mahAvrata kahA gayA hai| yAnI pArzvanAthake yAmoM aura mahAvIra svAmIke mahAvratoM, donoMkA yahA~ ullekha hai| yogasUtra kAfI Adhunika hai| yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki usase pahale yogisampradAyane ina yAmoMko kaba svIkAra kiyA thaa| para itanI bAta sahI hai ki usa sampradAyane ina yAmoMkA pracAra bilakula nahIM kiyaa| yadi ve ina yAmoMko sArvajanika banA dete to jaina aura bauddha sAhityake samAna yogasUtra bhI brAhmaNoMke tiraskArakA pAtra bana jaataa| brAhmaNoMko isameM koI Apatti nahIM thI ki kucha yogI ekAntameM ina yAmoMkA abhyAsa karate rheN| kyoM ki ve unakI vaidika hiMsAmeM bAdhA nahIM pahu~cAte the| ___ + yaha sArAMza hai / ye hI bAteM cULamAlukyaputtasuttameM bhI AI haiM / bha0 bu0 pR0 194-196 / - Ma r - --- - ---

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bauddha aura jaina dharmakA prasAra 33 mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm bauddha aura jaina dharmakA prasAra AjIvaka, nirgrantha, bauddha Adi zramaNasaMgha magadha aura kosala dezoMmeM udita hue aura prAraMbhameM ve pradhAnatayA inhIM do dezoMmeM aura AsapAsake rAjyoMmeM apane apane dharmakA pracAra karate rahe / azokake zAsanakAlameM yaha sthiti badala gii| usane ina zramaNasaMghoMko kAphI protsAhana diyA / bauddha saMghakA to vaha bhakta hI thA aura bauddha dharmake pracArake lie usane jo kucha kiyA vaha prasiddha hai| itanA hote hue bhI vaha anya zramaNasaMghoMke sAtha udAratAkA baratAva karatA thA / vizeSataH AjIvaka saMghapara usakI vizeSa kRpA thii| yaha bAta bArbara (gayAke pAsa) pahAr3akI guphAoM meM mile hue usake zilAlekhoMse dikhAI detI hai| usake sAtaveM staMbhalekhaparase yaha anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki AjIvakoMke bAda vaha nirgranthasaMghakA bhI khayAla rakhatA thaa| zvetAmbara jainoMkA kahanA hai* ki azokakA potA saMprati, jo ki ujjainakA rAjA thA, prathamataH jaina saMghakA bhakta huaa| usake bAda kaliMga dezameM khAravela rAjA jaina saMghakA bhakta banA / magadha dezameM nipa~tha aksara savastra hote the, acelaka zAyada hI hote / paraMtu ve jaise jaise dakSiNakI ora gaye, vaise vaise nagnatAkI ora jhukate gaye / aura idhara jo loga pazcimakI tarapha gaye unhoMne apanA savastratva nahIM chodd'aa| isakA mukhya kAraNa zAyada AbohavA thI / ho sakatA hai ki isake pIche rAjAoMkI abhiruci bhI rahI ho / nagna jaina sAdhuoMko jinakalpI aura savastra sAdhuoMko sthavirakalpI kahate haiM / isa sambandhameM vistRta x dekhie, pRSTha 29-30 / * kembrija hisTrI Apha iMDiyA, pahalA volyuma pR0 166 /

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma carcA paMDita kalyANavijaya gaNine apanI pustaka -- zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ke chaThe paricchedameM kI hai / itanI bAta spaSTa hai ki kaliMga hote hue jo sAdhu dakSiNameM gaye ve jinakalpI ho gaye aura jo ujjaina hote hue gujarAta pahu~ce ve sthavirakalpI ho gye| ina donoM saMpradAyoMne jaina dharmakA bahuta pracAra kiyA; paraMtu vrata-bandhanoMmeM baddha honeke kAraNa ve hindustAnase bAhara na jA ske| vaha kArya bauddha saMghane kiyA / IrAnase lekara cInataka bauddha bhikSuoMne saba dezoMmeM bauddha dharmako phailAyA / bauddha aura jaina zramaNoMkA hrAsa ___ manuSya-manuSyoMmeM jhagar3e aura mAra-pITa anAdikAlase calI AI hai| unase Ubakara jaMgalameM jAkara tapasyA karanevAle RSi-muni buddha-pUrvakAlameM kevala hindustAnameM hI the| unake bhI saMgha the| paraMtu ve sAmAjika vyavasthAmeM hastakSepa nahIM karate the| araNyameM nivAsa karanese unheM jaMgalI prANiyoMke prati Adara rakhanA hI par3atA thA / ataH dayA to unakI tapasyAkA eka aMga hI bana gyaa| paraMtu yaha dayA prANiyoMtaka hI sImita thii| idhara manuSya-samAjameM jo mArapITa calatI thI, usake prati ve udAsIna the| itanA hI nahIM balki yajJameM kI jAnevAlI pazuhiMsAko bhI baMda karanekA prayatna unhoMne nahIM kiyaa| * RSiyoMke isa dayAdharmako sArvajanika banAnekA prayatna prathamataH 'pArzvanAthane kiyaa| unhoMne yaha jAna liyA ki corI, asatya aura parigrahakA tyAga kiye binA manuSya-samAjameM dayAdharmakA prasAra honA kaThina hai, aura usake anusAra apane cAturyAma dharmakA upadeza denA zurU kiyA / usa samayake rAjA loga RSimuniyoMko bahuta mAnate the; ataH unhIMke mArgase calanevAle ina zramaNoMkA virodha unhoMne nahIM kiyaa| paraMtu unhoMne yajJa-yAga bhI nahIM. chodd'e| buddhasamakAlIna

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bauddha aura jaina zramaNoMkA hrAsa 35 prasenajita aura bimbisAra ( zreNika ) yajJa karate hI the / itanA thA ki unake rAjyoMmeM zramaNoMko dharmopadeza denekI svataMtratA thI / ataH zramaNoMkA vizeSa sambandha janatAke sAtha hotA thA / adhikase adhika koI madhyavitta vyApArI unake nivAsake lie vihAra yA upAzraya banAkara unakI madada karatA / paraMtu unakA nirvAha pradhAnatayA bhikSApara hI hotA thA / arthAt unakA dharma bahujanasamAjake hitasukhake lie hotA thAbahujanahitAya bahujanasukhAya / / paraMtu azokakAlake bAda yaha sthiti badala gii| azokane zramaNasaMghoMkA mAna-sammAna bahuta bddh'aayaa| isase usIke samayameM unameM vizeSa sAMpradAyikatA AI aura ve ApasameM jhagar3ane lge| una jhagar3oMko miTAneke prayatnoMke ullekha azokake zilalekhoM aura staMbhalekhoMmeM spaSTarUpameM milate haiM / paraMtu usake prayatna saphala nahIM hue / zramaNoMkA sAMpradAyika parigraha bar3hatA gayA aura hote hote AjIvaka Adi zramaNasaMpradAya to naSTha hI ho gaye / kevala bauddha aura jaina do hI bAkI raha gye| paraMtu unakI parigrahadRSTi bar3ha jAnese unameM bhI ApasI jhagar3e zurU ho gaye / jainoMmeM zvetAmbara aura digambara tathA bauddhoMmeM mahAyAna aura sthaviravAda-jise mahAyAnI loga hInayAna kahate the--jaise do pramukha paMtha ho gaye aura phira ina paMthoMmeM bhI aneka bheda utpanna ho gaye / jisa prakAra sAdhAraNa loga saMpatti-parigrahake lie jhagar3ate haiM, usI prakAra ye zramaNa saMpradAya-parigrahake lie jhagar3ane lge| majjhima nikAyake alagadUpamasuttameM bhagavAn buddha kahate haiM :-"ai bhikSuo, jaba koI yAtrI kisI bar3I nadI yA tAlAbake pAsa pahu~cegA aura dekhegA ki usakA kinArA surakSita nahIM hai, vahA~ bhaya hai, aura usapArakA kinArA surakSita aura nirbhaya hai; para vahA~ usapAra jAneke lie naukA yA pula nahIM hai, to usa samaya vaha sUkhI lakar3iyA~ aura

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- pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma ghAsa jamA karake unase eka ber3A taiyAra karegA aura usake sahAre usa nadI yA tAlAbake usa pAra jAyagA / vahA~ vaha kahegA ki, 'isa ber3ene mujhapara kitane upakAra kiye haiM ! ataH ise kaMdhe yA sirapara uThAkara le jAnA ucita hai / ' kyA aisA hama kaha sakate haiM ki aisA kahanevAle usa AdamIne usa ber3eke prati apanA kartavya pUrA kiyA ?" bhikSu bole, " nahIM bhadanta !" bhagavAn bole, " usa AdamIke lie yahI ucita hogA ki, 'yaha ber3A mere bahuta kAma AyA'-aisA kahakara vaha use nadIkinAre yA pAnImeM chor3akara calA jAya / merA batalAyA huA dharma isI ber3ekI taraha hai| dharma nistaraNake lie hai na ki grahaNake lie| yaha jAnakara Apa loga dharmakA bhI parigraha na kareM; phira adharmakI to bAta hI kyA ?" paraMtu ye sAre upadeza pustakoMmeM hI raha gaye / zramaNa apane-apane saMpradAyoMko sirapara uThAkara ghUmane lage aura usake lie unheM rAjAoMkI manuhAreM karanI pdd'ii| apane vihAroMkI rakSAke lie bauddha bhikSuoMdvArA rAjAse madada lie jAnekA eka udAharaNa maiMne apanI pustaka ' bhAratIya saMskRti aura ahiMsA' (vi. 21107-112) meM diyA hai| aba yahA~ jaina sAdhuoMke kucha udAharaNa detA huuN| kAlaka kathA vikrama saMvatse kucha varSa pahale ujjainameM gardabhilla rAjya karatA thaa| usa samaya jaina sAdhu kAlakAcArya apanI jaina sAdhvI bahanake sAtha vahA~ pahu~cA / gardabhilla rAjAne usa sAdhvIko z2abaradastIse apane ranavAsameM rakha liyaa| taba kAlakAcArya akelA hI sindhunadIke pradezameM calA gyaa| vahA~ zAhi nAmaka zakamAMDalika rAjAoMkA rAjya thaa| unheM kAlakAcAryane apane vazameM kara liyA aura unheM kAThiyAvAr3a (saurASTra ) mArgase ujjaina lAkara gardabhillako harA diyaa| isa lar3AImeM gardabhilla mArA gyaa| " cA

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bappabhaTTisUri-kathA / (yaha kathA aitihAsika hai yA nahIM, isa sambandhameM vivAda hai| dekhie, kembrija hisTrI Apha iMDiyA, pRSTha 167-168 aura 582) ___ bappabhaTTisUri-kayA bappabhaTTikA asala nAma sUrapAla thaa| usake pitAkA nAma bappa aura mAtAkA bhaTTi thaa| usakI hoziyArI dekhakara siddhasenasUri nAmake jaina AcAryane use dIkSA denekA nizcaya kiyaa| parantu mA~-bApakA vaha ikalautA beTA thA, isalie ve taiyAra nahIM hue| antameM AcAryake atyAgrahakI qhAtira, unhoMne isa zartapara use AcAryake havAle kara diyA ki sUrapAlakA nAma una donoMke nAma para rakha diyA jAya / AcAryane use usakI sAta barasakI avasthAmeM dIkSA dI aura usakA nAma bhadrakIrti rkhaa| paraMtu usake mA~-bApake sAtha hue karArake anusAra sabhI loga use bappabhaTTi kahane lge| bappabhaTTi jaba thor3A bar3A huA to Ama nAmake yuvakase usakI bheMTa huii| AmakI mAtA kanaujake rAjA yazovarmAkI rAnI thI, usakI sautakI kozizoMke kAraNa rAjAne use nirvAsita kara diyA aura vaha gujarAtameM rAmasaNa nAmake gA~vameM jAkara rhii| bAdameM jaba usakI sauta mara gaI to yazovarmAne AmakI mA~ko vApasa bulA liyaa| para Ama gujarAtameM hI raha gyaa| bappabhaTTi Amako lekara apane AcAryake pAsa gayA aura AcAryane Amako Azraya diyaa| bappabhaTTike sAtha vaha bhI adhyayana karane lgaa| Age calakara yazovarmAkA dehAnta huA aura Amako kannaujakI gaddI milI, usane bappabhaTTiko bulavAkara use AcAryapada diyA / gaur3a dezake rAjA dharmake sAtha AmakA baira thaa| taba una donoMne yaha taya

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1.38 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma kiyA ki donoM tarafake paMDita sarahadapara jamA hokara vAda-vivAda kareM aura jisake paMDitoMkI jaya ho usa rAjAko dUsarA rAjA apanA rAja de de| usake anusAra sarahadapara eka sthAnameM ye donoM rAjA A gye| AmakI orase bappabhaTTiko aura dharmakI orase bauddha paMDita vardhanakuJjarako. cunA gyaa| una donoMkA vAda-vivAda chaha mAsataka calatA rahA aura antameM bappabhaTTikI jIta huii| usane Ama rAjAko samajhAkara rAjA dharmakA rAja use lauTA diyA aura tabase vardhanakuJjarake sAtha usakI mitratA ho gii| nannasUri aura govindasUri bappabhaTTike gurubandhu the| unakI stuti vaha Ama rAjAke pAsa bArabAra krtaa| eka bAra mesa badalakara Ama rAjA nannasUrike pAsa gyaa| vahA~ chatra-cAmara Adi ThAThabATake sAtha baiThe hue nannasUriko dekhakara Amane usakI kar3I AlocanA kii| dUsarI bAra Ama vahA~ gayA taba nannasUri jaina maMdirameM baiThakara vAtsyAyanake kAmasUtrapara bhASaNa de rahe the| taba Ama jAna gayA ki yaha vyakti vidvAn avazya hai, para saccarita sAdhu nahIM hai| Amako samajhAneke lie govindasUrine AdinAthacaritrakA eka nATaka racA aura usakA prayoga darabArameM krvaayaa| usameM itanA vIra rasa lAyA gayA thA ki usase rAjAke manameM zauryakA saMcAra huA aura vaha talavAra khIMcakara uTha khar3A huaa| taba aMgarakSakoMne use samajhAyA ki vaha yuddha nahIM balki nATaka hai| nannasUri aura govindasUri bhI bhesa badalakara usa sabhAmeM baiThe the| rAjAkI hAlata dekhakara govindasUri prakaTa hokara bole, " rAjan, kyA yaha ucita huA ki Apako yaha nATaka vAstavika pratIta huA ? yadi nahIM, to nannasUrike mu~hase vAtsyAyanake kAmazAstrapara vyAkhyAna sunanepara Apako zaMkA AnA kahA~taka ucita thA ? " yaha sunakara rAjA Amane kSamA maaNgii|

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bappabhaTTisUri-kathA mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm eka bAra AmarAjAne samudrapAla rAjAke rAjagiri kilepara dhAvA bolaM diyA; magara kilA hAtha nahIM A rahA thaa| taba bappaTTikI salAhase Amake pote bhojakumArako, jisakA janma abhI abhI huA thA, vahA~ lAyA gayA aura use pAlakImeM biThAkara Age rakhakara hamalA bola diyA. gayA, taba kilA sara ho gyaa| Ama rAjA saMvat 890 meM svargavAsI huA aura usakA beTA dunduka gaddIpara aayaa| yaha duMduka eka vezyAke adhIna hokara apane beTe bhojako mAra DAlanA cAhatA thaa| para bhojakA mAmA use apane ghara pATalIpura le gyaa| usake bAda duMdukane bhojako vApasa le Aneke lie bappabhaTTiko taMga karanA zurU kiyaa| bappabhaTTi kucha na kucha bahAne banAkara kucha samaya taka to use TAlate rahe paraMtu antameM dundukake atyAgrahake kAraNa bhojako le Aneke lie ve pATalIpura gye| aba ve isa saMkaTameM pha~sa gaye ki yadi bhojako le jAte haiM to dundaka use mAra DAlegA aura yadi nahIM le jAte haiM, to mujhe Ara anya jaina sAdhuoMko staayegaa| isa saMkaTase mukti pAneke lie unhoMne 21 dina anazana karake dehatyAga kara diyaa| usa samaya ve 95 barasake the| unakA janma saMvata 800 meM huA, 807 meM unheM dIkSA milI, 811 meM AmarAjAne AcArya pada diyA aura 895 meM unakA dehAnta huaa| * _isake bAda bhojakumAra apane mAmAke sAtha kAnyakubja calA gyaa| vahA~ rAjamahalake daravAjepara eka mAlI phala beca rahA thaa| usane tAr3ake tIna phala bhojakumArako samApta kiye| unheM lekara vaha sIdhA rAjabhavanameM. calA gayA aura vahA~ siMhAsanapara baiThe hue apane pitAkI chAtImeM ve tIna. ___ * yahA~para 11 varSakI AyumeM bappabhaTTikA AcArya bana jAnA asaMbhava pratIta hotA hai / yaha bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki anya bAtoMmeM kitanA satya hai /

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma 'phala mArakara usane use mAra DAlA aura svayaM gaddIpara baiTha gyaa| isake pazcAt vaha AmavihAra nAmaka tIrthameM gayA / vahA~ bappabhaTTike do vidvAn ziSya the| unhoMne bhojakA Adara-satkAra nahIM kiyA; isase bhoja nArAz2a ho gayA aura usane nannasUri aura govindasUriko bulavAkara unheM gurupada de diyaa| isake bAda usane aneka rAjAoMko jIta liyA aura vaha Ama rAjAse bhI adhika jinazAsanakI unnati karane lgaa| hemacandrasUri hemacandrasUrikA janma dhaMdhukA zaharameM saMvat 1145 meM huaa| 1150 meM dIkSA dI gaI aura adhyayana pUrA hote hI saMvat 1166 meM jaina saMghake AcArya padapara unakI niyukti kI gii| taba ve khaMbhAtase pATaNa jAneke lie nikle| usa samaya pATaNameM siddharAja rAja kara rahA thA / vaha kaTTara zaiva thaa| ( usakA banAyA sahasraliMga tAlAba retase bhara gayA thaa| use kucha varSa pahale bar3audA sarakArake purAtattva vibhAgane khoja nikAlA hai|) hemacandrasUri usa zaharake bAjArameMse jA rahe the ki udharase siddharAja hAthIpara baiThakara apane dalabala sameta AtA dikhAI diyA / yaha dekhakara hemacandra pAsakI eka dUkAnameM khar3e ho gaye aura rAjAke pAsa Anepara unhoMne rAjAkI stutise bharA huA eka zloka kaha sunaayaa| use sunakara rAjA prasanna huA aura hemacandrase bolA, " Apa hara roz2a do paharako Akara merA manoraMjana karate jaaie|" isake bAda siddharAjane mAlavA jItA aura usa avasarapara hemacandrasUrine usakA stotra gaayaa| ___ eka bAra avaMtIke bhaNDArakI pustakeM rAjA dekha rahA thaa| unameM use bhoja vyAkaraNa milaa| taba vaha hemacandra sUrise bolA, " hamAre dezameM bhI aisA vyAkaraNa caahie| Apa usakI racanA karake merI

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hemacandrasUri 41 icchA pUrI kiijie|" isapara hemacandrasUri bole, " isase pahale race gaye ATha vyAkaraNa kAzmIra dezameM haiN| unheM dekhaneke bAda hI naye vyAkaraNakI racanA kI jA skegii|" rAjAne turanta apane naukaroMko kAzmIra bhejakara ve vyAkaraNa ma~gavA diye aura unakA anusaraNa karake hemacandra sUrine ' siddha-hema' nAmakA vyAkaraNa likhaa| isa vyAkaraNake pratyeka pAdake antameM eka eka zloka hai| una zlokoMmeM mUlarAja aura usake vaMzaja rAjAoMkA varNana hai| 32 veM pAdake antameM cAra zloka haiN| unameM siddharAjakI prazaMsA kI gaI hai / isa vyAkaraNako likha leneke lie rAjAne 300 lekhaka jamA kiye aura unase usakI pratiyA~ karavAkara aMga, baMga, kaliMga, lATa, karNATaka, koMkaNa, mahArASTra, saurASTra, vatsukaccha, mAlava, sindhu, sauvIra, nepAla, pArasIka, muruMDa, gaMgAke usapAra haradvAra, kAzI, cedi, gayA, kurukSetra, kAnyakubja, gaur3a, zrIkAmarUpa, sapAdalakSa, jAlaMdhara, khasa, siMhala, mahAbodha, bor3a, kauzika Adi dezoMmeM usa vyAkaraNakA prasAra kiyaa| __eka bAra caturbhuja nAmake jaina mandirameM hemacandrasUrike ziSya rAmacandra muni neminAthake sambandhameM bhASaNa de rahe the| usameM pANDavoMkI dIkSAkA varNana aayaa| use sunakara brAhmaNa nArAja hue aura unhoMne rAjAke pAsa jAkara zikAyata kI ki, "ye khetAmbara jaina sAdhu bilakula jhUTha bolate haiM / pANDava himAlaya parvatapara gaye aura vahA~ kedAranAthakI pUjA karake unhoMne ihalokako chor3a diyaa| aisA hote hue bhI ye zUdra zvetAmbara pANDavoMdvArA jaina dharmakI dIkSA lekara zatrujaya parvatapara dehavisarjana kiye jAnekA jhUThA kissA sunA rahe haiM / aise asatyavAdiyoMko ucita daNDa milanA caahie|" * mUlarAja siddharAjAke gharAnekA mUla puruSa thA /

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42 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma siddharAjane hemacandrasUriko bulAkara isa mAmalemeM pUchatAcha kii| hemacandra bole, " hamAre graMthoMmeM vaisA likhA hai| paraMtu ye pANDava mahAbhAratake nahIM haiN| kahate haiM ki bhISmane yuddhake prAraMbhameM apane parivArake logoMse kaha rakhA thA ki usake zarIrakA dAha aise sthAnapara kiyA jAya jahA~ kisIkA bhI dAhakarma na huA ho| isake anusAra usakA zava eka nirjana pahAr3Ipara le jAyA gayA / vahA~ acAnaka aisI AkAzavANI huI ki atra bhISmazataM dagdhaM pANDavAnAM zatatrayam / droNAcAryasahasraM tu karNasaMkhyA na vidyate // [arthAt yahA~ sau bhISmoM, tIna sau pANDavoM, haz2Ara droNoM aura anaginata karNauko jalAyA gayA hai|] aise aneka pANDavoMmeMse jana pANDava bhI hoMge; kyoM ki zatrujaya parvatapara unakI mUrtiyA~ haiN|" siddharAja bolA, " ye jaina muni jo kahate haiM vaha satya hai|" aura hemacandrasUrise kahA, "Apa loga apane AgamoMke anusAra satya kathana karate haiM, usameM koI doSa nahIM hai|" isa prakAra siddharAjase satkRta hue zrI hemacandra prabhu jainazAsanarUpI AkAzameM sUryake samAna prakAzamAn hue| eka bAra devabodha nAmaka bhAgavatadharmI AcArya pATaNa gayA, to siddharAja rAjakavi zrIpAlake sAtha usase milane gyaa| usa samaya devabodhane vahIMpara eka zloka banAkara zrIpAlakA apamAna kiyaa| tathApi rAjAke kahanese zrIpAlane usake sAtha kAvya-carcA kii| devabodha AcAryakI vidvattA dekhakara rAjA prasanna huA aura use eka lAkha dramma (rupaye) inAma die| zrIpAla kaviko rAjAkI yaha bAta acchI nahIM lgii| usane devabodhakI caukasI kI

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hemacandrasUri aura jaba devabodha apane parivArake sAtha sarasvatI nadIke kinAre zarAba pI rahA thA taba rAjAko vahA~ le jAkara vaha dRzya dikhA diyaa| rAjAne devabodhako apane rAjameM rakha liyA; paraMtu pahalekI tarahakA usakA sammAna nahIM rahA aura usapara bhikSA mA~gakara jInekI naubata A gii| taba abhimAna chor3akara vaha hemacandrasUrike pAsa gayA / hemacandrasUrine use apane Adhe Asanapara biThAkara usakA sammAna kiyA; aura siddharAjase use aura eka lAkha dramma dilavAye / siddharAjake lar3akA nahIM thA / ataH usane tIrthakSetroMkI yAtrA kii| usa yAtrAmeM usane hemacandrasUriko apane sAtha liyA / prabhAsapaTTaNake zivAlayameM rAjAke sAtha zivakI stuti karake hemacandrasUrine bhI zivako namaskAra kiyA; kyoM ki avirodha hI muktikA parama kAraNa hai ! ___ vahA~se rAjA koTinagara (koDinAra ) gyaa| usa avasarapara hemacandrasUrine tIna dina upavAsa karake vahA~kI aMbikA devIkI ArAdhanA kii| devIne sAkSAt darzana dekara kahA, "he muni, merI bAta suno| isa rAjAke bhAgyameM saMtati nahIM hai| isake cacere bhAIkA beTA kumArapAla isake bAda rAjA bnegaa|" . jaba yaha bAta siddharAjako batAI gaI to vaha kumArapAlakI hatyA karanekI socane lgaa| kumArapAlako isakI khabara mila gaI aura vaha jaTAdhArI zaiva saMnyAsI banakara ghUmane lgaa| rAjAke cAra AdamiyoMne usakA patA lagAyA to vaha lagabhaga rAjAke hAthameM A hI gayA thA; parantu bar3I caturAIse chUTa gayA aura hemacandrasUrike upAzrayameM pahu~cA / / hemacandrasUrine use tAr3apatroMmeM chipA diyA aura rAjapuruSoMko usakA patA nahIM lagane diyaa| isake bAda kumArapAla kApAlika kaula banakara

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43 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma sAta barasataka bhaTakatA rahA / saMvat 1199 meM jaba siddharAjakI mRtyu huI, taba kumArapAla pATaNa AyA aura amAtyoMne use rAjasiMhAsanapara baiThAyA / rAjA bananeke bAda kumArapAlane ajamerake arNorAjApara 11 bAra AkramaNa kiyA; paraMtu usameM use saphalatA nahIM milii| taba usane ajitanAtha tIrthakarase mannata mAnakara arNo rAjApara dhAvA bola diyA aura use jIta liyA / apanI mannatake anusAra kumArapAlane tAraMgAjIpara 24 hAtha U~cA ajitanAthakA maMdira banavAyA aura usameM 101 aMgula U~cAIkI ajitanAthakI mUrtikI prasthApanA kI / hemacandrasUrike upadezake anusAra usane aura bhI aneka jaina maMdira banavAye / saMvat 1229 meM 84 barasakI AyumeM hemacandrasUrikA dehAnta huaa| ina caritroMkA niSkarSa ullikhita tIna jIvanacaritra 'prabhAvakacaritra' nAmaka graMthase liye gaye haiN| yaha saMskRta mUlagraMtha prabhAcandrasUrine vikrama saMvat 1334 meM likhA thaa| isakA gujarAtI anuvAda bhAvanagarakI jaina AtmAnaMda sabhAne saMvat 1987 meM prakAzita kiyA thaa| paNDita kalyANavijaya munine isa graMthakI bhUmikA likhI hai aura -- prabandhaparyAlocana' nAmaka lekha usameM jor3a diyA hai| unake usa lekha aura mUla graMthakI bAtoMke AdhArase Uparake tIna caritra atyaMta saMkSepameM diye gaye haiN| unameM koI truTi raha gaI ho to pAThaka mujhe kSamA kreN| gardabhilla rAjAne kAlakAcAryakI bahanako jabardastI apane janAnakhAnemeM rakha liyA, yaha bAta niHsaMzaya nindanIya thI; paraMtu usakA badalA leneke lie zAhI rAjAoMko lAkara unase gardabhillakI hatyA karavAnA jAtidezakAlasamayAnavacchinna sArvabhauma ahiMsAmahAvratakA

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.. ina caritroMkA niSkarSa pAlana karanevAle sUrike lie ucita thA, yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| unhoMne saMnyAsakA tyAga karake yaha kAma kiyA hotA to zAyada use kSamya kahA jA sakatA thaa| bappabhaTTikI jindagI AmarAjAke darabArameM bItI / bhikSuoMdvArA rAjAke sAtha nikaTa sambandha rakhe jAnekA niSedha pAli sAhityameM aneka sthAnoMpara milatA hai aura isa prakAra rAjAke sAtha sambandha rakhe jAnekA eka bhI udAharaNa nahIM pAyA jAtA / bauddha bhikSu upadeza deneke lie rAjamahaloMmeM jAte the; paraMtu anya bAbatoMmeM ve bahudhA udAsIna rahate the| rAjAke sAtha atiparicaya rakhanevAle bhikSuoMkA anya bhikSu vizeSa Adara nahIM karate the| saMbhava hai ki yaha sthiti mahAyAna sampradAyake samayameM badala gaI ho| paraMtu aneka sUriyoMke ina jIvana caritroMparase yaha spaSTa dikhAI detA hai ki jaina sampradAyameM rAjAke sAtha mitratA rakhanA bhUSaNAspada mAnA jAtA thA / Ama rAjAko jaba kilA nahIM mila rahA thA; taba use jItanekA upAya bappabhaTTine btaayaa| Ama rAjAkA lar3akA dunduka atyaMta durguNI thA; phira bhI usakI saMgata chor3aneko bappaTTi tayAra nahIM hue| unake sambandhameM muni kalyANavijaya apane prabandhaparyAlocanameM kahate haiM / __" prabandhameM Ae aneka prasaMgoMparase aisA dikhAI detA hai ki bappabhaTTikA kAla zithilAcArakA thA aura bappabhaTTi evaM usake gurubandhu prAyaH yAnakA prayoga karate the / phira bhI unhoMne rAjAko apanI ora khIMcakara jaina samAjapara jo upakAra kiyA vaha sacamuca anumodanIya hai|" ( pRSTha 67) rAjAzrayake kAraNa kucha maMdira aura upAzraya banAye gaye; zAyada isIko kalyANavijayajI upakAra kahate haiN|

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma siddharAja kaTTara zaiva thA; parantu vaha vidvAnoMkA sammAna karatA thA / usakI stuti karake hemacandrasUri usake mitra bana gaye aura ATha vyAkaraNa upalabdha hote hue bhI kevala siddharAja ke lie nauvA~ vyAkaraNa unhoMne likhA aura use 'siddha-hema' nAma diyA / rAjAko khuza rakhane kI yaha kaisI ceSTA hai ! hemacandrasUrike sahavAsameM rahakara bhI siddharAja kumAra - pAlakI hatyA karanekI koziza kara rahA thA aura hemacandrasUrine usakA niSedha nahIM kiyA aura phira bhI vaha prabhAvaka banA / sArAMza, kAlakAcAryase lekara Ajataka jaina samAjakA yaha mata rahA hai ki rAjAzrayase yA dhanavAn vargakI sahAyatAse jo vyakti jaina maMdira banavAtA hai aura upAzrayoMkI vRddhi karatA hai vaha zreSTha jainAcArya hai / 46 paraMtu kyA ina bAtoMse cAturyAma dharma athavA paMca mahAvratoM kA vikAsa huA ? kAvya, nATaka yA purANa likhakara rAjAoMkA manoraMjana to brAhmaNa bhI karate the; phira unameM aura ina jaina AcAryoM meM kyA antara rahA ? brAhmaNoMke kAvya-nATaka-purANoMke sAmane jainoMke kAvya - nATaka -purANa phIke par3a gaye aura luptaprAya ho gaye / idhara kucha samaya se unheM prasiddhi mila rahI hai / paraMtu yaha saMbhava nahIM ki ve brAhmaNoMke graMthoMse Age bar3ha jAyeMge / jaina dharmako prazraya denevAle rAjAoMke cale jAte hI jaina maMdiroM Ara upAzrayoMkI zAna bhI calI gii| ataH itanI daur3a-dhUpase jaina AcAryAMne kyA hAsila kiyA ? * prabhAvaka zabdakI vyAkhyA zrIkalyANavijayajIne isa prakAra ko hai: - jaina zAstroM meM yaha zabda pAribhASika samajhA jAtA hai / isakA artha yaha hai ki atizaya jJAna, upadezazakti, vAdazakti yA vidyA Adi guNoMse jo jaina AcArya ( jainazAsanakA ) utkarSa karatA hai vaha prabhAvaka hai /

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jaina upAsaka 47 jaina upAsaka rAjAoM dvArA kI jAnevAlI hiMsA, asatya, corI yA lUTa khasoTa aura parigrahakA niSedha karanA zramaNoMke lie asaMbhava thaa| ataH unhoMne apane maMdiroM aura upAzrayoMke lie jitanA kucha mila sakatA thA, prApta karanekA socA hogaa| paraMtu isase ve svayaM cAturyAma dharmakA tyAga kara rahe the, isakA bhAna unheM nahIM rahA / isakA kAraNa yaha thA ki ve pUrNatayA sAMpradAyika bana gaye the| aba saMkSepameM isa bAtakA vicAra hama kareM ki apane upAsakoMko khuza rakhaneke lie ve aparigrahakA artha kyA lagAte the| jaina aMgoMmeM upAsakadazA nAmakA eka aMga hai| usameM dasa upAsakoMkI kathAe~ haiM / unameMse pahalI Ananda upAsakakI kathA isa prakAra hai: Ananda upAsaka Ananda upAsaka vANijyagrAma nAmake nagarameM rahatA thA / vahA~ jitazatru nAmakA rAjA rAja karatA thaa| Ananda gRhapatike pAsa cAra karor3a suvarNa mudrAe~ z2amInameM gAr3I huI, cAra karor3a vyApArameM lagAI huI, cAra karor3a anAz2a, jAnavara Adi (pravistara ) meM lagAI huI thIM aura dasadasa haz2Ara gAyoMke cAra revar3a the| usakI strI zivanandA atyaMta sundarI thii| vANijyagrAma nagarase bAhara kollAka nAmakA saMniveza thaa| vahA~ Ananda gRhapatike aneka Apta-mitra rahate the| usa saMnivezameM eka bAra mahAvIra svAmI gaye to jitazatrurAjA unake darzanoMke lie pahu~cA / isakI khabara milate hI Ananda gRhapati bhI vahA~ gayA aura usa sabhAmeM

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma dharmopadeza sunatA rhaa| upadeza samApta honepara rAjA aura anya loga apaneapane ghara cale gye| paraMtu Ananda gRhapati vahIM raha gayA aura mahAvIra svAmIse bolA, " bhagavan, maiM nirgrantha-zAsanameM zraddhA rakhatA hU~ aura usa zAsanakA svIkAra karatA hU~ / parantu maiM gRhasthAzramakA tyAga karane meM asamartha hU~ / ataH maiM pA~ca aNuvratoM aura sAta zikSA vratoMko milAkara bAraha vratayukta gRhasthadharma grahaNa karatA hU~ / "" 48 mahAvIra svAmI bole, "he devAnupriya, isa kAma meM vilamba mata kro| " taba Ananda gRhapatine mahAvIra svAmIke pAsa sthUla prANaghAtakA pratyAkhyAna kiyA ki, " maiM AjIvana kAyA - vAcA manase prANaghAta nahIM karU~gA aura na karavAU~gA / " asatyakA pratyAkhyAna kiyA ki, 66 maiM kAyA-vAcA-manase asatyAcaraNa nahIM karU~gA aura na karavAU~gA / " usane svastrI saMtoSavratako isa prakAra svIkAra kiyA ki, "eka zivanandA bhAyAko chor3a anya kisI bhI strIke sAtha maiM samAgama nahIM kruuNgaa|" icchavidhi ( parigraha ) ke parimANa vratako isa prakAra svIkAra kiyA ki, 66 cAra karor3a z2amInameM gAr3I huIM, cAra karor3a vyApArameM lagAI huIM, aura cAra karor3a pravistarameM lagAI huIM suvarNa mudrAoMke alAvA anya sabhI suvarNa mudrAoMkA maiM tyAga karatA hU~ / maiM itanI hI khetI rakhU~gA jisameM pA~ca sau hala cala sakeM, adhika nahIM rakhU~gA / 40 haz2Ara gAyoMke alAvA anya gAyoMkA maiM tyAga karatA hU~ / cAra bar3e jahAjoM aura kiztiyoM ko chor3a aura naukAe maiM nahIM rakhU~gA / pA~ca sA gAr3iyoMkI apekSA adhika gAr3iyA~ nahIM rakhU~gA / " isake bAda usane upabhoga - paribhogakI sImA nirdhArita kI / ( adhika vistAra ke bhaya se vaha prakaraNa yahA~ nahIM diyA jA rahA hai / ) phira mahAvIra svAmI Anandase bole, " jIvAjIva jAnanevAle zramaNopAsaka ke samyaktvake ye pA~ca aticAra haiM : -- ( 1 )

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Ananda upAsaka 49. saMzaya rakhanA, (2) dUsare sampradAyakI icchA, (3) zaMkA nikAlanA, ( 4 ) anya saMpradAyakI aisI stuti karanA ki sunanevAloMko vaha saMpradAya pasaMda Ae, aura ( 5 ) anya sAMpradAyikoMse mitrtaa|" isake bAda mahAvIra svAmIne pA~ca aNuvratoM aura sAta zikSAvratoMke aticAra* aura antameM mAraNAntika sallekhanAvratake aticAra btlaae| jaina upAsakoM, upAsikAoM, sAdhuoM evaM sAdhviyoMmese kitane hI isa vratakA pAlana karate the| vyAdhi athavA vRddhAvasthAse zarIra jarjarita honepara ve anazana yA prAyopavezana karake prANa tyAga kara dete the| Aja bhI kabhI-kabhI isa vratakA AcaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| isa vratako 'apazcima mAraNAntikasallekhanA joSaNArAdhanA' kahate haiM / isa vratake ye pA~ca aticAra haiM:( 1 ) iha lokakI AzA, (2) paralokakI AzA, (3) kucha dina jInekI AzA, aura ( 5 ) maraNake pazcAt kAmopabhogoMkI AzA / pA~ca aNuvrata aura sAta zikSAbata grahaNa karaneke bAda Ananda upAsaka bolA, " bhagavan , Ajase rAjAbhiyoga ( rAjAkA kAnUna yA hukma ), gaNAbhiyoga (jAtikA niyama ), balAbhiyoga (balaprayoga ), devAbhiyoga ( mannata-manautI Adi ), gurunigraha (gurudvArA dI gaI cetAvanI ), upajIvikAkA bhaya aura inake atirikta anya tIrthika zramaNoM yA anya devatAoMko namaskAra karanA mere lie ucita nahIM hai / tIthikoM dvArA bulAye binA unase saMbhASaNa karanA ucita nahIM hai; tathA unheM anna-pAna, vastra-pAtra Adi denA ucita nahIM hai / paraMtu ye padArtha maiM ucita rUpase nirgrathoMko detA jAU~gA / itanA kahakara Ananda W - 34W.A ___* pA~ca aNuvratoMke aticAra Upara diye haiN| sAta zikSAvratoMke aticAra vistArabhayase nahIM diye gye| una sAtameMse pahale tIna vratoMko guNavrata kahate haiM / dekhie pRSTha 8 parakI TippaNI /

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma upAsaka mahAbIra svAmIko namaskAra karake ghara gayA aura usane zivanandAko bhI ina vratoMke svIkAra karanekA upadeza diyaa| usake anusAra zivanandAne mahAvIra svAmIke pAsa jAkara ina vratoko pUrNa kiyaa| vratoMko svIkAra karake 14 varSa pUrNa honepara Ananda upAsakane apanI sArI sampatti apane bar3e lar3akeko de dI aura svayaM ghara chor3akara poSadhazAlA ( dharmasAdhanazAlA) meM jA rhaa| vahA~ vrata-niyamoMkA pAlana pUrNa rUpase karake upAsakatvake bIsa barasa pUre honepara tIna dina upavAsa karake sallakhenAvratase vaha svarga sidhArA / kAmadeva upAsaka dUsarA upAsaka kAmadeva thA jo caMpA nagarImeM rahatA thaa| usakI patnIkA nAma bhadrA thA / kAmadevake pAsa chaH karor3a suvarNa mudrAe~ gAr3I huI, chaH karor3a vyApArameM lagAI huI aura chaha karor3a pravistarameM lagAI huI thIM; tathA 60 haz2Ara gAe~ thIM / Ananda upAsakakI taraha usane bhI mahAvIra svAmIse gRhasthadharmakA svIkAra kiyA; aura kucha varSoM ke pazcAt apane bar3e beTeke havAle sArI saMpatti karake vaha poSadhazAlAmeM jAkara rahA / vahA~ eka devatA prakaTa huA aura usane bhayaMkara pizAcaveza dhAraNa karake kAmadevako vratase cyuta karanekA prayatna kiyaa| paraMtu kAmadeva nizcala rahA / usa pizAcane usapara talavArake vAra kiye, phira bhI vaha vicalita nahIM huaa| taba usa devatAne hastiveza dhAraNa karake apanI sUMDase kAmadevako AkAzameM pheMka diyA aura dA~toMpara lekara pairoMtale rauMda ddaalaa| phira bhI kAmadeva vicalita nahIM huaa| taba usa devatAne bar3e sA~pakA rUpa le liyA aura kAmadevake galeke irdagirda tIna lapeTe DAlakara usane usakI chAtImeM kATA, phira bhI kAmadeva sthira raha gyaa|

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culaNIpitA upAsaka taba usa devatAne apanA mUla rUpa dhAraNa kiyA aura kahA, 66 indrakA kahanA thA ki tujhe tere vratase koI DigA nahIM sakegA / usakI bAtakA vizvAsa na karake maiM yahA~ A gayA thA / he devAnupriya, tU RddhimAn hai / maiM tujhase kSamA mA~gatA hU~ / " itanA kahakara vaha kAmadevako praNAma karake calA gayA / upAsakatvake 20 barasa pUre hone para kAmadeva 30 dina anazana karake sallakhenA vratase svargaloka pahu~cA / culaNIpitA upAsaka tIsarA upAsaka culaNIpitA kAzIkA rahanevAlA thA / usake pAsa ATha karor3a suvarNamudrAe~ gAr3I huIM, ATha karor3a vyApAra meM lagAI huI aura ATha karor3a pravistarameM lagAI huI thIM tathA 80 hajAra gAe~ thiiN| bAkI saba Ananda upAsakakI taraha hI thA / jaba vaha poSadhazAlA meM vratAcaraNa kara rahA thA taba eka devatAne usake bar3e lar3akeko usake sAmane lAkara mAra DAlA aura usakA mAMsa eka kar3Ahe meM pakAkara usake zarIrapara DAla diyA / para culaNI pitA sthira rhaa| usa devatAne culaNIpitAke dUsare evaM tIsare lar3akeko mI mArakara unakA mAMsa usI taraha usapara pheMkA; aura vaha bolA, " he culaNIpitA, yadi tU vratakA tyAga nahIM karegA, to maiM tere putroMkI taraha terI mA~ko bhI tere sAmane lAkara mAra DAlU~gA / " taba culaNIpitAke manameM yaha vicAra AyA ki, "yaha duSTa merI jananIko bhI mere sAmane mAra DAlanA cAhatA hai, ataH ise pakar3anA acchA hogA / vaha uTha khar3A huA; paraMtu vaha devatA AkAzameM ur3a gayA. pitAke hAthameM khaMbhA A gyaa| usane jo ghora zabda kiyA use sunakara usakI mA~ bhadrA usake pAsa gaI aura bolI, " he putra, kyA tU jora se cillAyA ? " culaNIpitAne use sArI ghaTanA kaha sunAI; "" yaha socakara aura culaNI

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52 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma taba vaha bolI, " tere putra sakuzala haiM, para tujhase ( usa devatAko pakar3anekI icchA honese) vrata bhaMga huA hai| ataH AlocanA karake daNDa grahaNa kr|" usake anusAra saba vidhiyA~ karake kAmadevakI taraha vaha bhI svargavAsI ho gyaa| surAdeva upAsaka __ cauthA upAsaka surAdeva vArANasIkA rahanevAlA thaa| usake pAsa chaha karor3a suvarNa mudrAe~ gAr3I huI thIM aura 60 hajAra gAe~ thiiN| culaNIpitAke baccoMkI taraha hI eka devatAne usake bar3e lar3akeko usake sAmane mAra DAlA aura usapara solaha bhayaMkara roga DAlanekA Dara dikhaayaa| taba usake manameM bhI culaNIpitAke samAna hI vicAra AyA aura vaha usa devatAko pakar3aneke lie daudd'aa| paraMtu vaha devatA AkAzameM ur3a gayA aura isake hAthameM khaMbhA A gyaa| usake cillAnese usakI patnI dhanyA usake pAsa gaI aura usane use samajhAkara vratabhaMgake lie daNDa (prAyazcitta ) grahaNa karaneko khaa| usake anusAra sAre vratoMkA AcaraNa karake surAdeva bhI anya upAsakoMkI taraha svargavAsI ho gyaa| culazataka upAsaka pA~cavA~ upAsaka cullazataka AlabhikA nagarImeM rahatA thaa| usake pAsa kula 18 karor3a suvarNa mudrAe~ aura 60 hajAra gAe~ thiiN| bAkI sArI bAteM Ananda aura kAmadevakI taraha hI thiiN| kevala vizeSa bAteM hama yahA~ dete haiM / eka devatAne Akara usase kahA ki, " terI sArI sampatti idhara-udhara pheMkakara maiM udhvasta kara detA huuN|" taba cullazatakake manameM culaNIpitAke jaisA hI vicAra AyA aura usa devatAko pakar3aneke lie vaha daur3A / devatA chUTa gayA aura cullazatakake hAthameM khaMbhA raha

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kuNDakolika upAsaka 53 . womammmmmmmmmmmmmmmm gyaa| usake cillAnese usakI patnI bahulA vahA~ gaI aura usane use sajaga karake usase prAyazcitta krvaayaa| vaha bhI anya upAsakoMkI taraha svarga calA gyaa| kuNDakolika upAsaka chaThA upAsaka kuNDakolika kAMpilyapurakA rahanevAlA thaa| usakI patnIkA nAma puSpA thaa| usake pAsa kula 18 karor3a suvarNamudrAe~ aura 60 haz2Ara gAe~ thiiN| vaha eka bAra azokavana nAmake udyAnameM vratAcaraNa kara rahA thA / usa samaya eka devatA Akara usase bolA, "he devAnupriya, gozAla maMkhaliputrakA dharma uttama hai| usameM utthAnabala, karma, puruSaparAkrama nahIM hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmIkA dharma jhUThA hai|" kuNDakolikane pUchA, " yadi utthAna Adi nahIM hai aura bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmIkA dharma jhUThA hai, to tUne Rddhi kaise prApta kI ? " devatAne kahA, " maiMne yaha Rddhi utthAna Adike binA hI prApta kii|" kuNDakolika bolA, " yaha terA kathana mithyA hai / " yaha sunakara vaha devatA niruttara huA aura calA gyaa| __ yaha bAta mahAvIra svAmIko mAlUma huI to unhoMne kuNDakolikakA abhinandana kiyA / kuNDakolika bhI svarga calA gyaa| zabdAlaputra upAsaka sAtavA~ upAsaka zabdAlaputra polAsapurameM rahanevAlA kumhAra thaa| vaha pahale AjIvaka upAsaka thaa| usake pAsa kula tIna karor3a sonekI . mudrAe~ aura dasa haz2Ara gAe~ thiiN| usakI patnIkA nAma agnimitrA thA / usake bartanoMke pA~ca kArakhAne the jinameM bahuta-se loga kAma karate the / vaha eka bAra azokavana nAmaka udyAnameM jAkara AjIvaka matake anusAra vrata pAlana kara rahA thA / usa samaya eka devatA vahA~ jAkara usase bolA,

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pAzrvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma 66 'he devAnupriya, yahA~ kala eka dayAvAn mahApuruSa AnevAlA hai / vaha jina hai aura trilokapUjya hai / ataH tU use praNAma karake usakI sevA kara ! " 54 zabdAlaputra bolA, " merA dharmAcArya gosAla maMkhaliputra hI dayAvAn jina, aura trilokapUjya hai| usIko maiM praNAma karU~gA aura usI kI sevA karU~gA / " dUsare dina mahAvIra svAmI udhara gaye / unake darzanoMke lie bahuta-se loga gye| yaha qhabara sunakara zabdAlaputra bhI unase milane gayA aura unakI pradakSiNA evaM praNAma karake usane usakI bhakti kI / taba mahAvIra svAmIne usase kahA ki, kala devatAne tumase jo kahA, vaha gozAlake uddezyase bilakula nahIM kahA thA / yaha sunakara zabdAlaputrane mahAvIra svAmIko apane kArakhAnemeM rahaneke lie nimaMtrita kiyA / usake anusAra mahAvIra svAmI vahA~ jAkara rahe / vahA~ miTTIke bartana sukhAnekA kAma cala rahA thA / taba mahAvIra svAmI zabdAlaputrase bole, " he zabdAlaputra, kyA ye sAre bartana prayatnake vinA taiyAra hue haiM ? " zabdAlaputra - ye prayatnase nahIM hue haiN| jo kucha hotA hai vaha niyata hI hotA hai; usake lie prayatnakI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI / mahAvIra svAmI-yadi koI ina bartanoMko tor3a DAle yA agnimitrAke sAtha sahavAsa karane lage to tuma kyA karoge ? zabdAlaputra --- maiM use zApa dU~gA, usapara prahAra karU~gA, use mAra DAlU~gA / mahAvIra svAmI - to phira tumhArA yaha kahanA mithyA hai ki saba kucha niyati se hotA hai /

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.. zabdAlaputra upAsaka ~~~yaha sunakara zabdAlaputrako samyak jJAna prApta huA aura usane mahAvIra svAmIse gRhastha-dharmakA svIkAra kiyaa| usake kahanese agnimitrA bhI nigraMtha upAsikA bana gii| isake bAda mahAvIra svAmI vahA~se anyatra cale gye| jaba gozAlane yaha vRttAMta sunA ki zabdAlaputra mahAvIra svAmIkA upAsaka ho gayA hai, to vaha apane ziSyoMke sAtha polAsapura gayA / zabdAlaputrane usako praNAma nahIM kiyA aura na hI usakI Ava-bhagata kI; balki mahAvIra svAmIkI savistAra stuti karake* vaha gozAlase bolA, " kyA tuma mere dharmAcArya ( mahAvIra svAmIke ) sAtha vAda-vivAda kara sakoge ? " gozAlane kahA, "nahIM / jaise koI javAna AdamI kisI bakare yA bheDeko majabUtIse pakar3atA hai, vaise bhagavAn mahAvIra mujhe vAda-vivAdameM pkdd'eNge| isalie maiM unake sAtha vivAda karanemeM samartha nahIM huuN|" isapara zabdAlaputra bolA, "he devAnupriya, tumane mere gurukI ucita stuti kI hai| ataH maiM tumheM rahaneke lie sthAna de detA huuN|" isake anusAra gozAla zabdAlaputrake kArakhAnemeM raha gayA aura usane zabdAlaputrako phirase apane saMpradAyameM lAnekA bahuta prayatna kiyA; paraMtu vaha saphala nahIM huA / ataH gozAla vahA~se calA gyaa| isa prakAra rahate hue zabdAlaputrake caudaha varSa bIta gaye, paMdrahaveM varSake madhyameM eka devatAne Akara usake sAmane usake tIna putroMko ekake bAda eka karake mAra DAlA aura unakA bhunA huA mAMsa usake zarIrapara DAla diyA / phira vaha devatA agnimitrAko mAraneke lie taiyAra ___* majjhima nikAyameM upAlIsutta hai| usameM upAli nigraMthasampradAya chor3akara buddhopAsaka banatA hai aura mahAvIra svAmIke ghara jAnepara vaha usake sAtha vaisA hI bartAva karatA hai evaM buddhakI stuti karatA hai| yaha sAmya dhyAna dene lAyaka hai|

Page #80
56 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma huA, to zabdAlaputra usakI tarapha daur3A paraMtu vaha devatA AkAzameM ur3a gayA aura usake hAthameM khaMbhA A gyaa| usakA zoragula sunakara agnimitrA usake pAsa gaI aura usane use baccoMke sakuzala honekA samAcAra sunAkara usake kuvicAroMke lie usase prAyazcitta krvaayaa| (yaha aura isake AgekI sArI kathA culagIpitAkI kathAke samAna hai|) mahAzataka upAsaka AThavA~ upAsaka mahAzataka rAjagRha nagarakA thaa| usake pAsa kula 24 karor3a suvarNa mudrAe~ aura 80 haz2Ara gAe~ thiiN| usakI teraha striyoMmeM revatI pramukha thii| usake pAsa ATha karor3a suvarNamudrAe~ aura 80 hajAra gAe~ thiiN| zeSa bAraha patniyoMke pAsa eka-eka karor3a suvarNa mudrAe~ aura dasa-dasa haz2Ara gAe~ thiiN| Ananda upAsakakI taraha mahAzataka bhI mahAvIra svAmIkA upAsaka bana gyaa| usane yaha vrata liyA ki, " maiM apanI taraha patniyoMko chor3a anya kisI strIke sAtha saMga nahIM karU~gA aura hara roz2a kevala 68 sera sonekA hI vyavahAra kruuNgaa|" anya sabhI vrata Ananda upAsakake vratoMkI taraha hI samajhe jAyeM / revatIne apanI sautoMmeMse chahako zastraprayogase aura chahako viSaprayogase mAra DAlA aura unakI sArI sampatti har3apa kara lI / phira vaha manamAnA madya-mAMsa-sevana karane lgii| kucha samayake bAda rAjagRha nagarameM prANihatyA baMda kara dI gaI; taba usane apane revar3ameMse hara roz2a do gAyoMke bachar3e (goNapoyae) mArakara unakA mAMsa pakAnekA hukma de diyaa| usake anusAra usake naukara use hara roz2a do bachar3oMkA mAMsa dete the| use khAkara aura zarAba pIkara vaha rahatI thii| upAsakatvake 14 barasa pUre honepara mahAzataka apane jyeSTha putrako sArI sampatti dekara poSadhazAlAmeM jAkara rahA / use upabhogoMkI ora

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nandinI pitA aura sAlihI-pitA upAsaka 57 khIMcanekI revatIne bahuta ceSTA kI; para vaha saphala nahIM huii| phira eka vAra revatIne aisI hI ceSTA kI; taba mahAzataka usase bolA, " tU sAtaveM dina rAtako alasaka rogase mara jAegI aura narakameM calI jaaegii|" use nArAz2a huA dekhakara revatI ghara calI gaI aura sAtavIM rAtako marakara naraka calI gai / yaha samAcAra mahAvIra svAmIko mAlUma huA to unhoMne apane gotama nAmaka ziSyako bhejakara kaTuvacana mu~hase nikAlaneke aparAdhameM mahAzatakase prAyazcitta krvaayaa| antameM mahAzatakane eka mAsataka anazana karake prANa tyAga diye aura vaha svarga gyaa| nandinI-pitA upAsaka nauvA~ upAsaka zrAvastI nagarIkA nivAsI nandinI-pitA nAmaka gRhapati thaa| usake pAsa kula 12 karor3a suvarNa-mudrAe~ aura 40 hajAra gAe~ thiiN| usakI patnIkA nAma azvinI thaa| usakI kathA lagabhaga Ananda upAsakakI kathAke hI samAna hai| sAlihI-pitA upAsaka dasavA~ upAsaka zrAvastI nagarIkA nivAsI sAlihI-pitA thA / usake pAsa kula 12 karor3a suvarNa-mudrAe~ aura 40 haz2Ara gAe~ thIM / usakI patnIkA nAma phalgunI thaa| usapara koI saMkaTa nahIM AyA aura kAmadevakI taraha hI sArA AcaraNa karake vaha svarga gyaa| ina dasoM upAsakoMne 20 varSa taka zramaNopAsanA kii| . zramaNoMkA AdhAra dhanikavarga ullikhita kathAoMse yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki rAjAoMke bAda dhanika mahAjanoMko khuza karanekI ceSTA jaina sAdhuoMne kaise kii| anAthapiNDika Adi buddha-upAsaka aura vizAkhA Adi upAsikAe~ .

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma madhyavitta zreNIkI thiiN| unheM dhanika ThaharAnekA prayatna vinayapiTakameM kiyA gayA hai / usIkA anukaraNa ina kathAoMmeM dikhAI detA hai| yaha sambhava nahIM ho sakatA ki mahAvIra svAmIke jIvita-kAlameM itane dhanIloga maujUda hoN| becAre zabdAlaputra (saddAlaputta) kumhArako bhI ina jaina sAdhuoMne karor3apati banA diyA ! saca pUchA jAya to usa samaya kyA jaina sAdhu, kyA bauddha bhikSu, sabhI kumhAra, luhAra Adi zramajIvI vargake sAtha hI adhika sambandha rakhate the / majjhimanikAyake ghaTikArasuttameM isakA varNana AtA hai ki kAzyapa buddha aura ghaTikAra kumhArameM kitanA ghaniSTha paricaya thA / ghaTikAra gharameM na ho to bhI kAzyapa buddha usakI jhoMpar3ImeM jAkara usake bartanoMmeMse anna lekara bhojana karatA thA / gotama buddhadvArA parinirvANase pahale cunda luhArase annadAna liye jAnekI kathA to suprasiddha hI hai| paraMtu jaina sAdhuoMne to sAre jaina upAsakoMko atyaMta dhanavAnoMkI zreNImeM rakha diyaa| isakA artha yaha hai ki sAdhAraNa janatAke sAtha unakA koI sambandha nahIM rahA aura dhanikoMke binA apanA astitva kAyama rakhanA jaina sampradAyake lie asambhava ho gayA thaa| IsAkI 11 vIM zatAbdIke lagabhaga bauddha bhikSuoMkI sthiti bhI saMbhavataH aisI hI ho gaI thii| san 1026 meM sthirapAla aura vasaMtapAla nAmaka do dhanI bandhuoMdvArA sAranAthakI sArI bauddha imAratoMkI marammata kiye jAnekA ullekha eka zilAlekhameM milatA hai* / buddha aura mahAvIra svAmIke jamAnemeM zramaNoMkA sArA dAromadAra sAdhAraNa janatApara thA / sAmAnya logoMse hI unheM bhikSA milatI thI / anAthapiNDika jaisA * dekhie, "Guide to The Buddhist Ruins of Saranath" by Rai Bahadur Daya Ram Sohani.

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zramaNakA AdhAra dhanikavarga 59 koI madhyavitta gRhastha yA vizAkhA jaisI upAsikA unake lie vihAra athavA upAzraya banavAtI aura unake nivAsakA prabandha karatI / rAjA unakA Adara karate aura apane rAja meM rahanekI svataMtratA unheM dete; paraMtu rAjAoMke sAtha ye zramaNa vizeSa paricaya nahIM rakhate the / azoka ke bAda yaha sthiti badala gaI / rAjAoM aura amIroMka binA vihAra, upAzraya yA maMdira banAnA yA calAnA asaMbhava hotA gayA aura isa vargako khuza rakhane ke lie zramaNoMko cAturyAma dharmako tilAMjalI denI par3I / rAjA to hiMsaka hI hotA thA aksara apane bhAI bandoMko aura kabhI-kabhI to apane bApako hI mArakara vaha gaddIpara baiThatA aura phira bAra bAra lar3AiyA~ karake apane rAjyakI rakSA yA vistAra krtaa| jaba vaha ina zramaNoMko Azraya de detA taba usakI hiMsAke virodha meM mu~ha se eka zabda bhI nikAlanA unake lie saMbhava nahIM hotA thA / use khuza rakhaneke lie ye zramaNa cAhe jaisI dantakathAe~ gar3hate; aura isa prakAra satyake yAma athavA mahAvratako bilakula chor3a dete| jisane satyako tyAga diyA vaha bhalA kauna-sA pApa nahIM karegA ? cUlarAhulabAda suttameM bhagavAn buddha rAhulase kahate haiM-- 66 evameva kho rAhula yassa kassaci sampajAna musAvAde natthi lajjA, nAhaM tassa kiJci pApaM kammaM akaraNIyaM ti vadAmi / " (arthAt isI taraha he rAhula, mai kahatA hU~ ki jisa kisI ko jAna-bUjhakara jhUTha bolane meM lajjA nahIM AtI, usake lie koI bhI pApa akartavya nahIM hai / ) jainoMke paca mahAvratoMmeMse yaha eka thA / bar3e AzcaryakI bAta hai ki vilakSaNa kalpita kathAe~ racanevAle jaina sAdhuoMke dhyAnameM yaha kaise nahIM AyA ki ve apanI karatUtoMse isa mahAvratakA bhaMga kara rahe haiM ?.

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma athavA isameM Azcarya hI kyA hai ? eka bAra sampradAya bana gayA, aura usakA parigraha ho gayA ki phira usakI rakSAke lie koI bhI pApa kSamya lagane lagatA hai / saba sampradAyoMkA yahI itihAsa hai| prathamataH bauddha bhikSuoMne aisI dantakathAe~ gar3hanA zurU kiyA aura unheM lokapriya hote dekha jaina sAdhuoMne bauddha bhikSuoMse bhI adhika atizayoktipUrNa kathAe~ racakara unheM mAta kara diyA / tuma kahate ho ki dIpaMkara buddhakI U~cAI 80 hAtha aura Ayu eka lAkha varSakI thI; to hama kahate haiM ki hamAre RSabhadevakI U~cAI do haz2Ara hAtha aura Ayu 84 lakSapUrva arthAt 70 lAkha 56 hajAra karor3a varSa thI ! phira tumhArA dIpaMkara buddha zreSTha huA yA hamArA RSabhadeva ? kahie ! bauddha bhikSuoMne U~cAI aura AyumeM striyoMko bhI jor3a diyA hai| kalpita buddhakI bAta jAne dIjie, svayaM gotama buddhake bAremeM bhI unhoMne yaha likhA hai ki gRhasthAzramameM unake 40 hajAra striyA~ thIM, unheM sambhavataH isakA dhyAna nahIM rahA ki samUce kapilavastukI bhI janasaMkhyA itanI nahIM hogii| jaina sAdhuoMne striyoMko cakravartiyoMke lie surakSita rakha diyA / zvetAmbaroMke matameM cakravartiyoMke eka lAkha bAnave haz2Ara striyA~ hotI thIM; para digambaroMke matase ve kevala chiyAnabe haz2Ara hI thiiN| zAyada digambara jaina sAdhuoMko mAta denekA yaha zvetAmbara sAdhuoMkA prayatna hogaa| aisI ina gappoMmeM cAturyAma dharma DUbakara lupta ho gayA ho to kyA Azcarya! isa dhanI vargako khuza rakhaneke lie jaina sAdhuoM aura bauddha bhikSuoMne prAkRta evaM pAli bhASAoMkA tyAga karake saMskRta bhASAko apanAyA; aura usameM purANoM, kAvyoM aura darzanoMkI 1 bhAratIya saMskRti aura ahiMsA (vi0 2 / 116 ) / 2 tiloyapaNNattI, vi0 4.1372-73 / /

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zramaNoMkA AdhAra dhanikavarga wwwmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm racanA kii| paraMtu itanA karane para bhI unake sampradAyoMkI abhivRddhi nahIM huI / kyoMki janasAdhAraNakA samarthana unheM nahIM rahA / jaina sAdhuoMne apane saMghameM bhI jAtibhedako apanA liyA * ataH kucha U~cI jAtiyoM--vizeSataH vaizya jAti--kI sahAyatAse vaha kisI taraha bacA rahA / bauddha bhikSuoMne anta taka apane saMghameM jAtibhedako sthAna nahIM diyA / vaisA karanA unake lie saMbhava bhI nahIM thA; kyoMki bauddha dharma aise dezoMmeM pahale hI phaila cukA thA jahA~ jAtibheda nahIM thaa| taba yahA~ jAtibhedakA jora bar3ha jAne para bauddhoMko yaha deza chor3akara jAnA par3A, yaha ucita hI huA / bappabhaTTike janmase pahale 31 veM varSa, arthAt san 712 IsavImeM muhammada bina kAsimane sindha dezapara kabjA kara liyA; aura tabase musalamAnoMkA kadama isa dezamaiM Age hI Age bar3hatA gyaa| paraMtu bappabhaTTi jaise loga rAjAzrayameM masta ho rahe the| sAre hindU samAjapara AnevAle isa saMkaTakA vicAra karanekI phurasata unheM kahA~se hotI ? hemacandrasUrikA samaya isase bhI adhika tAlAbelIkA thA / unake janmase pahale lagabhaga 48 3 varSameM mahamUda gajanavIne somanAthakA mandira lUTA thaa| usake hamaloMse cAroM ora hAhAkAra maca gayA thA / hemacandrasUrike jamAnemeM bhI musalamAnoMke AkramaNa banda nahIM hue the; para hamAre sUriyoMko unakI kyA paravAha thI ? kucha mandira banAye gaye aura kucha grantha likhe gaye, basa itanese hI jaina-zAsanakI vijaya ho gaI ! * bhagavAn buddha pR0 257-259 /

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma dharmakIrtike do zloka dharmakIrti apane pramANavArtikameM kahate haiM :vedaHprAmANyaM kasyacitkartRvAdaH snAne dharmecchA jAtivAdAvalepaH / santApArambhaH pApahAnAya ceti dhvastaprajJAnAM paJcaliGgAni jADye* // [ arthAt jinakI prajhA dhvasta huI hai unameMse koI vedaprAmANya, koI jagatkartRvAda, koI snAnameM dharmabuddhi, koI jAtikA garva aura koI pApakSAlanake lie dehadaNDana le baiThatA hai| unakI jar3atAke ye pA~ca cihna haiN| ye pA~ca bAteM dharmakIrtike samaya arthAt IsAkI sAtavIM zatAbdIke prArambhameM maujUda thiiN| una sabameM jAtivAda vizeSa prabala ho rahA thaa| para use tor3anekI ceSTA ina zramaNoMne nahIM kii| dUsarA eka zloka zrIdharadAsane saduktikarNAmRtameM dharmakIrtikA kahakara uddhRta kiyA hai / vaha isa prakAra hai : zailaibandhayati sma vAnarahRtairvAlmIkirambhonidhi / vyAsaH pArthazaraistathApi na tayoratyuktirudbhAvyate // vAgArthoM tu tulAdhRtAviva tathApyasmatprabandhAnayaM / loko dUSayituM prasAritamukhastubhyaM pratiSThe namaH // [arthAt vAnaroMdvArA lAye gaye parvatoMse vAlmIkine aura arjunake * pramANavArtika, rAhula sAMkRtyAyanakA saMskaraNa, The Journal of The Bihar and Orissa Research Society, Vol XXIV, 1938 Parts I, II. x Punjab Sanskrit Book Depot (Lahore) saMskaraNa pRSTha 327 /

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dharmakIrtike do zloka bANoMse vyAsane samudrapara setu bnaayaa| phira bhI unakI atizayoktipara koI TIkA-TippaNI nahIM karatA; paraMtu mere prabandhakI, jisameM zabda aura artha mAno taula-taulakara rakhe gaye haiM, nindA karaneke lie unakA mu~ha sadaiva khulA rahatA hai ! he pratiSThe, tujhe namaskAra hai ! ] vAlmIki aura vyAsa cAhe jitanI atyuktiyA~ athavA atizayoktiyA~ kareM to bhI unake virodhameM koI eka zabda bhI nahIM nikAlatA thA; kyoM ki rAje-rajavAr3oM tathA dhanavAnoMmeM ve RSi samajhe jAte the aura unake viruddha bolanese vidvAnoMkI pratiSThA naSTa honekI saMbhAvanA rahatI thii| para taruNa dharmakIrtipara TIkA-TippaNI karanese pratiSThA bar3hatI thI, "are, yaha kyA vArtika likhegA ! becArene nyAya kaba par3hA, jo ho gayA granthakAra !"- aisI TIkA karanese paNDitoMkA sammAna bar3hatA thaa| isIlie dharmakIrti kahatA hai ki, "ai pratiSThe, tujhe namaskAra hai ! tU jhUThako saca aura sacako jhUTha banAnemeM samartha hai !" aisI bAteM sabhI jamAnoMmeM hotI haiN| rAjabhavanoMmeM jina bAtoMkI prazaMsA hotI thI use 'yathA rAjA tathA prajA' ke nyAyase loga mAna lete| musalamAnoMke zAsanakAlameM jisa prakAra pardekI prathA phaila gaI, usI prakAra guptoMke rAjatvakAlameM rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata kAvyoMkA prasAra huaa| para unakA jora pramANavArtika jaise janasAdhAraNakI samajhameM na AnevAle graMtha. likhakara kama karanA saMbhava nahIM thaa| bauddhoMkI jAtaka jaisI kathAe~ yadi logoMko priya huI to phira ye kAvya kyoM na priya hote ? dhamakIrti jisa mahAyAna sampradAyase sambandha rakhatA thA usa saMpradAyane to haz2AroM bodhisatvoM aura devI devatAoMkI kalpanA karake asatyakathAoMmeM kAfI vRddhi kI ! ataH,

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64 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma na paresaM vilomAti na paresaM katAkataM / attano va avekkheyya katAni akatAni ca // x [ arthAt auroMkI truTiyoM tathA auroMke karane na karanekA vicAra na karake apane hI kArya evaM akAryakA vicAra kiyA jAya / ] -- ke nyAyase dharmakIrtiko pahale apane hI sampradAyako sudhAranekI ceSTA karanI cAhie thI / yaha kAma nyAyake utkRSTa grantha likhanese honA asambhava thA / pratiSThAkA vicAra dUra rakhakara phira eka bAra, pArzvanAtha aura buddhakI taraha sIdhe sAdhAraNa janatAke pAsa jAkara use satyakI zikSA denI cAhie thI / niHsaMzaya yaha kAma saMskRtameM na karake janasAdhAraNakI bhASAmeM hI karanA cAhie thA / para kyA dharmakIrti aura kyA anya zramaNa-brAhmaNa, sabhI apane apane sampradAyoM meM pha~se hue the / ve janatAke hitakA prayatna kase karate ? brAhmaNoMkA jAtivAdAvalepa itanA moTA ho gayA thA ki usameMse unheM lokahita dikhAI denA asambhava thA / rAjAko jo pasanda Ae~ vahI bAteM karake apanA aura apanI jAtikA mahattva barakarAra rakhane meM hI ve apaneko dhanya mAnate the| aisI sthitimeM, rAjA vilumyate raTTha brAhmaNo ca purohito / attaguttA biharata jAtaM saraNato bhayaM // ( arthAt rAjA aura brAhmaNa purohita rASTrako lUTa rahe haiM / ataH aba apane Upara hI nirbhara raho / jise tuma zaraNa (Nya) samajhate ho usIse bhaya utpanna huA hai|) - isa prakAra padakusala jAtaka ke bodhisattvake samAna logoM ko X dhammapada, 50 /

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bAibilakI dasa paramezvarI AjJAe~ 65 jAgrata karanevAlA satpuruSa kaise utpanna hotA ? zramaNa aura brAhmaNa sabhI rAjAoMkI lUTameM zAmila the aura zeSa janatA ajJAnameM DUbI huI thI; phira lokoddhAra kauna karatA ? sArA samAja binA gar3arieke bher3oMke revar3akI taraha bikhara gayA aura musalamAnoMke AkramaNoMkA zikAra huaa| bAibilakI dasa paramezvarI AjJAe~ aba zramaNa-brAhmaNoMko chor3akara yaha dekheM ki bAibilameM cAturyAmake. sambandhameM kyA jAnakArI milatI hai| hamAre vartamAna* zAsakoMkA yaha pavitra graMtha hai aura usakA pazcimI saMskRtipara hI nahIM balki isalAmapara bhI bahuta asara par3A hai| isa graMthameM paramezvara mUsA ( moz2esa ) ko dI gaI 10 AjJAoMkA vahuta mahattva mAnA jAtA hai| tUra ( sinAI ) parvatake zikharapara paramezvara ( yahobA ) mUsAse kahatA hai: (1) mujhe chor3a tuma anya devatAoMkI pUjA mata kro| (2) kisI prakArakI mUrti athavA pratimA mata banAo aura unakI pUjA mata kro| ( 3 ) apane paramezvarakA nAma vyartha mata liyA kro| ( 4 ) vizrAma karaneke dinako pavitra rkho| (5) mAtA-pitAkA mAna kro| (6) hatyA mata kro| (7) vyabhicAra na kro| (8) corI na kro| (9) jhUThI gavAhI mata do| (10) parAI cIz2akA lobha mata rakho ( Exodus nirgamana 3-17 ) * yaha pustaka san 1946 meM likhI gaI thii|

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66 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma ina dasa AjJAoM meM pahalI tIna paramezvarake sambandhameM haiN| cauthI hara sAtaveM dina chuTTI manAneke viSayameM aura pA~cavIM mA~-bApa kA Adara karaneke sambandha hai / zeSa pA~ca AjJAoMmeM kucha aMzameM cAra yAma yA paMca mahAtrata A jAte haiN| chaThI AjJAmeM ahiMsA, sAtavIM meM gRhastha brahmacarya, 'AThavIM meM asteya, nauvIM meM satya aura dasavIM meM aMzata: aparigraha AtA hai / paraMtu taureta ( taurata ) yA prAcIna bAibila meM ina AjJAoMkA kucha aura hI artha samajhA jAtA thA / nimnalikhita vivecana se vaha spaSTa ho jAyagA / mUsAkA pUrvacaritra yAkUba ( jekaba ) kA choTA beTA yUsufa ( joz2afa ) jaba satraha barasakA thA taba usake sautele bhAiyoMne use jaMgalameM le jAkara bA~dha rakhA aura misra ( ijipta ) jAnevAle ismAilI vyApAriyoMke hAtha beca ddaalaa| una vyApAriyoM ne use misra ( ijipta ) ke rAjA phairo- (phiraUna, ke eka adhikArI hAtha beca diyA / usa afasarake manameM usake prati prema paidA huA; magara usakI patnIne yUsuphapara jhUThA ilaz2Ama lagAya jisase use kaidakhAne meM DAlA gayA / usI jelameM phairo ( Pharaoh ' ke naukaroMkA saradAra bhI thA / usane eka sapanA dekhA / yUsufane us sapanekA artha yaha lagAyA ki phairo usa saradArapara phirase khuza hogA yaha bhaviSyavANI sahI sAbita huI aura vaha saradAra punaH rAjabhavana meM kAma karane lagA / do varSa bAda rAjAne eka svapna dekhA ki vaha nadI ke kinAre khar3a thA, taba nadImeMse sAta moTI-tAjI gAe~ nikalIM aura carAgAha meM carane lagIM; itanemeM unake pIche-pIche sAta dubalI gAe~ nikalIM aura unhoMne una moTI gAyoM ko khA DAlA / yaha sapanA dekhakara rAjA jAga gayA

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mUsAkA pUrvacaritra .67 phirase so jAnepara usane dUsarA sapanA dekhA ki eka anAjake paudhemeM eka sAtha sAta moTI bAliyA~ AI aura unake pIche-pIche sAta choTI bAliyoMne Akara una moTI bAliyoMko khA DAlA / dUsare dina rAjAne apane jyotiSiyoMse ina sapanoMkA artha pUchA para ve na batA ske| taba usake naukaroMke saradArako yUsufakA smaraNa ho AyA aura usane rAjAko sArA hAla kaha sunAyA / rAjAne turanta yUsuphako bulavA liyA aura ina sapanoMkA artha pUchA / taba yUsufa bolA, ina sapanoMkA artha yahI hai ki sAta barasa taka samRddhi rahegI aura usake bAda sAta barasa taka akAla par3egA jo sukAlako khA jAyagA / ataH abhIse sAvadhAna rahanA cAhie / (( "" rAjAne samRddhike samaya meM anAja jamA karane aura phira akAlake dinoMmeM use becane ke lie yUsuphako hI adhikArI niyukta kiyA / usakA pitA aura bhAI kanaAna meM rahate the / vahA~ bhI bhayaMkara akAla par3ane se yAkUbane anAja lAneke lie apane lar3akoMko misra bhejA / yUsupha ne unheM apanA paricaya diye binA bahuta-sA anAja diyA aura anAjake paise bhI unhIMkI thailiyoM meM rakha die / jaba ve phirase anAja kharIdane Ae to yUsufane unheM apanA paricaya diyA aura apane riztedAroMko misra bulavA liyaa| phairone una logoMko acchI z2amIna inAma de dI aura tabase mitrameM yahUdiyoMkI saMkhyA lagAtAra bar3hatI gaI / Der3ha sau barasa bAda arthAt IsApUrva 16 vIM sadI meM dUsarA eka phairo gaddIpara baitthaa| yahUdiyoMkI abhivRddhi use pasanda nahIM AI aura usane unheM gulAma banAkara bhArI kAmameM lagI diyA / phira bhI unakI saMkhyA bar3hatI hI jA rahI thI / taba usane yahUdI dAiyoMko aisA hukma de diyA ki

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68 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma yadi kisI yahUdI strIke lar3akA ho jAya to usa bacco turanta mAra DAlA jaay| yahUdI jAtikI levI gotrakI eka strIke lar3akA huA / use adhika dina chipA rakhanA sambhava nahIM thA; ataH usane eka piTArepara cikanI miTTI aura rAla lagAkara usa tIna mAsake bacceko piTAremeM banda kara diyA aura piTArA nadIke kinAre ghAsameM rakha diyA / usa strIkI beTI apane bhAIkA hAla dUrase dekha rahI thI / itanemeM vahA~para snAnake lie rAjakanyA AI / usane vaha piTArA dekhA aura use apane naukaroMse khulavAyA / jaba vaha choTA baccA rone lagA to uMse dayA AI aura vaha bolI, " sambhavataH yaha koI yahUdI baccA hai / " usakI bahanane rAjakanyA se pUchA, 66 kyA maiM isake lie eka dAI lAU~ ? 17 rAjakanyAne usa lar3akIko dAyA lAneke lie bhejA / taba vaha lar3akI apanI mA~ko hI lekara vahA~ jA phuNcii| rAjakanyAne bAlakako usake havAle kara diyA aura kahA, " isake lie sArA kharca maiM detI rahU~gI / "" isa prakAra vaha lar3akA apanI mA~ke pAsa hI rahA / jaba vaha bar3A huA to usakI mA~ne use rAjakanyAko sauMpa diyA / use pAnImeMse bAhara nikAlA gayA thA; isalie usakA nAma mUsA -mojesa (uddhRta) rakhA gayA aura vaha rAjakanyAkA beTA bana gayA / apanI mAtAke pAsa rahanese mUsAko yaha mAlUma ho gayA thA ki vaha kauna hai | bar3A hone para vaha apane jAtavAloMke pAsa jAkara unakI durdazA dekhatA thaa| eka bAra eka mistrI AdamI eka yahUdIko pITa rahA thaa| yaha dekhakara mUsAko gussA AyA aura usane misrI AdamIko ekAnta sthAnameM le jAkara mAra DAlA evaM retameM chipA rkhaa| dUsare dina usane dekhA ki do yahUdI Apasa meM jhagar3a rahe haiM / unameMse ekake pAsa

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mUsAkA pUrvacaritra jAkara mUsAne kahA, " tuma apane hI jAtabhAIko kyoM mArate ho?" usane pUchA, " tuma mujhase pUchanevAle kauna hote ho ! tumane usa misarI AdamIko mAra DAlA, vaise hI kyA mujhe bhI mAranevAle ho ?" mUsA jAna gayA ki usakI kalaI khula gaI hai / jaba phairoko bhI yaha mAlUma ho gayA to usane mUsAko mAra DAlanekA irAdA kiyA / parantu mUsA vahA~se bhAga gayA aura midyAna pradezameM jethro ( citro ) nAmaka pujArIke pAsa raha gayA / pujArIne apanI lar3akIke sAtha usakA byAha kara diyA aura vaha usa pujArIkI bher3eM carAkara apanA peTa bharane lgaa| aisI sthitimeM mUsAko yahovA ( Jehovah ) kA sAkSAtkAra huA aura vaha apane bhAiyoMko mukta karaneke lie mitra calA gayA / usa samaya pahalA rAjA mara gayA thA aura usake sthAnapara dUsarA phairo rAja kara rahA thaa| mUsA apane levI gotrake hArUnako sAtha lekara sIdhA rAjAke pAsa gayA aura usane apane yahUdI logoMko gulAmIse mukta karaneke lie khaa| parantu vaha krUra rAjA unheM chor3aneko taiyAra nahIM huaa| taba yahovAne misrI logoMpara aneka ApattiyA~ DhAIM / rAjA Dara gayA aura usane yahUdiyoMko anyatra le jAnekI ijAz2ata mUsAko de dii| mUsA apane logoMko lekara kanaAnakI tarapha jA rahA thA ki phairone unheM punaH pakar3a lAneke lie senA bhejI; parantu yahovAne lAlasAgarako cIrakara yahUdiyoMke lie mArga banA diyA aura jaba unake pIchepIche zatrusenA vahA~ A pahu~cI to samudrako milAkara usa senAko usameM Dubo diyA / vahA~se yAtrA karate karate mUsA aura anya yahUdI loga tUra (sinAI ) parvatake pAsa gye| taba yahovAne mUsAko parvatazikharapara bulAkara ullikhita dasa AjJAe~ diiN| isake bAda yahovAne aneka rAja

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma nitika, sAmAjika evaM dhArmika niyama banA diye aura antameM apanI u~galiyoMse likhI huI do takhtiyA~ de diiN| ( Exodus 31, 18 ) udhara mUsA bhagavAnke niyama suna rahA thA aura idhara logoMne apane suvarNa- kuNDala hArUnake pAsa lA diye / hArUna ne unheM galAkara eka gAyakA bachar3A banA diyA aura loga usakI pUjA karane lage / ( yaha pUjA misra meM calatI thI / ) mUsA sinAI parvata para se nIce utarA aura yaha sArA mAmalA dekhakara kruddha ho gayA / usane apane levI gotrake logoMko auroMpara dhAvA bolanekA hukma diyA / usameM unhoMne tIna haz2Ara logoMko katla kara diyA / ( Exodus 32, 28 ) 70 yahovA devatAkA svabhAva yahovA kevala yahUdiyoMkA devatA thA; use anya logoMpara koI dayA nahIM AtI thI / yahUdiyoMko misra se mukta karaneke lie usane jo aneka saMkaTa misrI logoMpara DhAe unameM antima yaha thA ki unakI aura unake jAnavaroMkI prathama saMtAneM mAra DAlI gii| tabhI phairone yahUdiyoM ko cale jAnekI anumati dI | Exodus 12, 29 ) / usane mUsAkI mAraphata saba yahUdiyoMse kaha rakhA thA ki misrI logoM se jitanA kucha sonA, rUpA aura javAharAta mila sakeM, saba udhAra le rkheN| (Exodus 11, 2) / usake anusAra vaha saba lekara yahUdI misrase nikale (Exodus 12, 35 ) / usane jo niyama banAye unameM choTe-choTe aparAdhoMke lie bhI mAra DAlane kI saz2A kahI gaI hai| udAharaNa ke lie, jo koI yahovAkA nAma vyartha legA use saba loga saMgasAra kara deM - patthara mArakara mAra ddaaleN| (Levitavs 24, 14 ) usane midyAnake sabhI puruSoM aura jinhoMne puruSa saMga kiyA thA aisI striyoMko katla kara DAlanekA hukma diyA thA / paraMtu yahUdI saradAroMne

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'hatyA mata karo' Adi AjJAoMkA artha una striyoMko jIvita rakhA; isase nArAz2a hokara yahUdI logoM meM tAU ( plega ) phailA diyA gayA / jaba mUsAne striyoMko qatla karavAyA taba kahIM vaha zAnta huA / ( Numbers 31, 15 ) 71 eka bAra korA, dAthAna, avirAma, ona aura rUbenake lar3akoMne mUsA ke viruddha zikAyata karanA zurU kiyA; taba yahovAne pRthvIko cIrakara usameM unheM gAr3a diyA aura unake sAthake 250 logoMko jalA DAlA / ( Numbers 16, 32, 35 ) mUsAkI mRtyuke pazcAt jozuA ( yahozU ) yahUdiyoMkA netA gayA / usase to yahovAne atyaMta bhayaMkara kAma karavAye / jozuAne haz2AroM logoMko qatla kiyA, aneka zaharoMko sAfa jalA DAlA, aura kitane hI rAjAoMko phA~sI para laTakA diyA / usakI ye karatUteM par3hanepara kRSNArjunadvArA kiye gaye khAMDavavana - dahanakA smaraNa ho AtA hai / ( hatyA mata karo ' Adi AjJAoMkA artha jaba yahovA svayaM hatyA karatA thA aura apane bhaktoM se karavAtA thA, taba ' hatyA mata karo ' - isa AjJAkA artha kyA thA ? usakA artha itanA hI thA ki niraparAdha yahUdiyoMkI hatyA mata karo / ' tumhAre rAjameM niraparAdhakA raktapAta na hone pAye !' ( Deuteronomy 19. 10 ) paraMtu, 'tuma apanI A~khoM meM karuNAko mata Ane do; para prANake lie prANa, A~khake lie A~kha, dA~ta ke lie dA~ta, hAtha ke lie hAtha aura pA~vake lie pA~va jAne do| ' ( Deuteronomy 19, 21 ) svayaM yaho - vAke lie bali car3hAnI ho to niraparAdhakI hatyA karanemeM koI harja nahIM hai / udAharaNa ke lie, jephAne apanI ikalautI beTIko yahovA ke lie *Also Exodus 21-23-24

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma kurabAna kara diyaa| (Judges 11. 34-39) 'jhUThI gavAhI mata do'- isakA artha bhI yahI hai ki yahUdIko dUsare yahUdIke viruddha jhUThI gavAhI nahIM denI caahie| paraMtu dUsare rAjameM guptacaroMko bhejakara usa rAjako har3apa lenemeM koI harja nahIM hai / jozuAne jeriko jItate samaya isa cAlako apanAyA thA / (Judges 2 ) ' corI mata karo'- kA artha bhI yahI thA ki yahUdIkI cIjako dUsarA yahUdI na curAe / para dUsare rAjyoMko jarUra lUTe / aura lUTanepara milanevAlI lUTakA ba~TavArA kaise kiyA jAya, yaha svayaM yahovAne hI batA diyA hai (Numbers 31, 26-30 ) aura usameM kucha hissA yahovAkA bhI hai| 'vyabhicAra na karo' kA artha bhI yahI hai ki eka yahUdI dUsare yahUdIkI strIke sAtha sambandha na rakhe / para anya dezoMkI javAna lar3akiyoMko unakI anumatike vinA ApasameM bA~Ta leneke lie yahovAkI ijAz2ata hai| ( Numbers 31, 18) sArAMza, ye sAre niyama athavA AjJAe~ yahUdI logoMke ApasI vyavahArake lie haiM / auroMko mAranA, lUTanA, unakI striyoMko bhagAnA Adi sabhI bAteM kSamya hI nahIM balki kartavya haiN| ataH bAibilakI ina AjJAoMkA pArzvanAthake cAra yAmoMke sAtha mela baiThanA saMbhava nahIM hai| ... mUsAse pahale aura usake samayameM jo choTe-bar3e rAjya the unameM isa prakArake niyama the hii| paraMtu ve bhagavAnke diye hue nahIM, balki rAjA yA bAdazAhake banAye hote the / mUsAne svayaM hI aise niyama banAye hote to yahUdI unheM na mAnate, isalie yahovAke nAmapara hI sAre niyama banAye gaye haiM, aisA lagatA hai|

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yahovA aura dUsare devatA 73 AAAAM yahovA aura dUsare devatA yahovA aura anya devatAoMmeM mukhya farka yaha hai ki vaha akelA hI hai| use na patnI cAhie na sAthI / dUsare yaha ki, use apanI mUrtiyA~ nahIM cAhie / anya devatA usase bardAzta nahIM hote / vaha kahatA hai, " dUsare dezoMke logoMke sAtha saMdhi mata karo ..unake pUjAsthAnoMko tor3a DAlo aura mUrtiyoMko phor3a DAlo--kyoMki tumheM dUsare devatAoMkI pUjA nahIM karanI caahie| kyoMki maiM matsarI ( IrSAlu ) devatA hU~, merA nAma matsarI hai|" ( Exodus 34, 12, 14 ) tIsare yaha ki, vaha rASTrIya devatA hai / yahUdI rASTrake lie yahUdiyoMkI bhI hatyA karaneko vaha taiyAra rahatA hai / hamAre ( bhAratIya ) devatA svayaM yA avatAra lekara daityoM, dAnavoM, rAkSasoM yA mAnavoMko avazya mArate haiM; para ve kevala bhUbhAra dUra karane yA go-brAhmaNoMke lie vaisA karate haiM / akelA parazurAma avatAra hI apanI jAtike lie pRthvIko niHkSatriya karanevAlA niklaa| paraMtu usane brAhmaNoMkA rAja kAyama nahIM kiyA aura usake prayatnoMke bAda bhI kSatriya to rahe hI! yahobAne kanAnake sAre logoMkA nAza karake vaha pradeza yahUdI jAtiko de diyA aura vahA~ unakA rAja prasthApita kiyaa| IsA masIhakA yahovA yahUdI logoMpara aneka saMkaTa aaye| unameM sabase bar3A saMkaTa yaha thA ki IsAse pahale chaThI zatAbdIke prAraMbhameM bebilonakA bAdazAha nebUkada nejAra unheM pakar3akara vebilona le gyaa| vahA~ ve 70 sAla rahe / ( Jeremiah 25, 11 ) IsA malIhake samayameM bhI yahUdiyoMkI hAlata vizeSa santoSajanaka nahIM thI / yadyapi heroda nAmakA unakA rAjA thA,

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma tathApi usake hAthameM sArI sattA nahIM thI / vaha mAMDalika thA aura ucca adhikAra romana bAdazAhake hAthameM the / usa bAdazAhakA eka adhikArI jaruzalemameM rahatA thA aura prajAke vizeSa hitoM kI dekhabhAla karatA thA / yahUdI logoMkI yaha pakkI dhAraNA thI ki yahovAkI pUjA vidhipUrvaka na karane ke kAraNa hI unapara ye saMkaTa Ate haiM / unakI yaha dRr3ha zraddhA thI aura aba bhI hai ki yahovA unake pApoMke lie unheM kSamA karake kisI muktidAtA masIhA ( Messiah ) ko bheja degA / IsAI loga mAnate haiM ki yahovAkA bhejA huA muktidAtA IsA masIha hI hai, jo ki yahUdiyoMko svIkAra nahIM hai / 74 IsAke upadezameM giripravacana zreSTha mAnA jAtA hai / usameM IsA kahatA hai, " tumane pahaleke logoMkA kathana sunA hI hogA ki ' tuma hatyA mata karo aura jo hatyA karegA vaha nyAyadaNDake lie pAtra hogA / ' para maiM kahatA hU~ ki jo vinA kAraNa apane bhAiyoMpara krodha karegA vaha nyAyadaNDakA pAtra hogA aura jo apane bhAiyoM ko nikammA kahegA vaha mahAsabhA meM daNDapAtra hogA / ataH yadi tuma bhagavAn ke lie bheMTa lAo aura vahA~ tumheM apane bhAiyoMke virodhakA smaraNa ho A to bheMTa vahIM rakhakara pahale apane bhAiyoMko samajhA do aura taba vaha bheMTa bhagavAnko samarpita kara do..... "L tumane pahale logoM se sunA hai ki, 'tuma vyabhicAra mata karo / ' - para maiM kahatA hU~ ki jo koI kAmavAsanAse strIkI ora dekhatA hai vaha apane hRdayameM hI usake sAtha vyabhicAra karatA hai .... " tumane sunA hai ki, 'A~khake lie A~kha aura dA~take lie dA~ta, '* * dekhie, Upara pRSTha 71 /

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IsA masIhakA yahovA para maiM kahatA hU~ ki duSTatAkA pratikAra mata karo, balki jo tumhAre dAhine gAlapara tamAcA mAre usake sAmane bAyA~ gAla bhI kara do| aura yadi koI adAlatameM nAliza karake tumhArA koTa le le to tuma use apanI kamIz2a bhI de DAlo.... ___ " tumane sunA hai ki, 'tuma apane par3ausIse prema karo aura zatrukA dveSa kro|' para maiM kahatA hU~ ki, 'tuma apane zatruoMke sAtha mitratA karo, jo tumheM zApa dete haiM unheM tuma AzIrvAda do, jo tumhArA dhikkAra karate haiM tathA tumheM kaSTa dete haiM, unake lie tuma prArthanA karo / isase tuma svargastha pitA ( bhagavAn ) kI santAna banoge; kyoM ki vaha sUryase acche evaM bure donoMpara prakAza DalavAtA hai aura anyAyI evaM nyAyI donoMpara pAnI barasAtA hai....ataH svargastha pitAke samAna tuma paripUrNa bno|" ( Matthew b. 21-18) aparigrahake sambandhameM IsA kahatA hai, " koI bhI vyakti do svAmiyoMkI sevA nahIM kara sakatA; kyoM ki vaha unameMse ekapara prema karegA aura dUsarekA dvaiSa; athavA ekakA Adara aura dUsarekA tiraskAra / tuma paramezvara aura sampattikI sevA nahIM kara sakoge; ataH maiM tumase kahatA hU~, jIvanakI cintA mata karo ki tuma kyA khAoge aura kyA piyoge; zarIrakI cintA bhI mata karo ki zarIrako kaise AcchAdita kiyA jaaygaa| kyA annakI apekSA jIvana zreSTha nahIM hai ? aura kyA kapaDekI apekSA zarIra zreSTha nahIM hai ?" isa upadezaparase aisA dikhAI detA hai ki IsAmasIhakA devatA mUsAke yahovAse bahuta hI bhinna thA / 'A~khake badale A~kha aura dA~take badale dA~ta' vAlI yahovAkI nIti IsAke devatAko bilakula pasanda nahIM thii| vaha sabakA pitA hai; hama auroMko kSamA kareMge to vaha

Page #100
76 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma hameM bhI kSamA kregaa| arthAt vaha atyaMta nyAyI evaM dayAlu hai / tathApi usameM kucha yahovAkA svabhAva bhI raha gayA hai| usakI jo prArthanA IsAne batAI hai usameM yaha vAkya bhI hai ki, " aura tuma hameM bure mArgapara mata le jAo ! '* phira bhI IsAne aura usake saMtoMne pazcimI dezoMmeM bar3I vicArakrAnti kara dI / pazcimake logoMko unhoMne hI sabase pahale yaha zikSA dI ki varNabheda evaM jAtibhedakA qhayAla na karake manuSyoMko eka-dUsarepara prema karanA cAhie / zurU-zurUmeM to IsAI samAja aparigrahI hotA thA / kucha saMpatti hotI to use ve sArvajanika kAmameM lagAte / ataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki pArzvanAthake cAra yAmoMko unhIMne kAfI hadataka aMgIkAra kiyA thaa| IsAkA bhagavAn yadyapi dayAlu aura sAre manuSyoMkA pitA thA, tathapi IsAkA yaha nizcita mata thA ki bhagavAn yahUdiyoMpara vizeSa kRpA rakhatA hai / IsA apane pramukha bAraha ziSyoMse kahatA hai ki, " tuma paradeziyoMkI ora mata jAo aura sAmAritana logoMke zaharameM praveza mata karo; paraMtu yahUdiyoMke revar3amase chUTe hue vyaktiyoM ( The lost sheep of the house of Isreel ) ke pAsa avazya jaao|" ( Mathhew 10.5-6) eka bAra kanaAnakI eka strI IsAke pAsa gaI aura pizAca-bAdhAse pIDita apanI beTIko mukta karaneke lie prArthanA karane lagI / taba IsAne kahA ki, " mujhe yahUdiyoMke girohameMse chUTe hue vyaktiyoMke lie bhejA gayA hai|" usane phirase prArthanA kI, to IsAne kahA, "baccoMkI roTI lekara kuttoMko khilAnA ucita nahIM hai / " (Matthew 15, 22-26) * Matthew 6. 13 and Luke 11-4.

Page #101
seMTa pAlakA pracAra seMTa paoNlakA pracAra IsAkI mRtyuke bAda usake anuyAyiyoMko yaMtraNAe~ denevAle yahUdiyoMmeM paoNla eka pramukha vyakti thA, jise yahUdI loga saoNla kahate the / damaskasake sIlAI netAoMko pakar3akara yarUzalemake pramukha dharmAdhikArIke pAsa bhejaneke hetuse vaha jA rahA thA ki damAskasake pAsa use acAnaka dedIpyamAn prakAza dikhAI diyA aura vaha nIce gira gyaa| taba use yaha AkAzavANI sunAI dI ki " saoNla, saoNla, tuma mujhe kyoM satAte ho ?" paoNlane jaba yaha prazna kiyA ki, "prabhu, tuma kauna ho?" taba use uttara milA ki, " maiM vahI IsA hU~ jise tuma satAte ho!...." paoNla uTha khar3A huA; paraMtu A~kheM cauMdhiyA jAnese use kucha dikhAI nahIM diyaa| sAthake loga hAtha pakar3akara use zaharameM le gye| tIna dina taka use kucha dikhAI na diyA aura na anna khAyA gyaa| antameM anAniyAsa nAmaka IsA-bhakta ne use ThIka kara diyA aura bapatismA ( dIkSA ) diyaa| tabase vaha atyaMta utsAhI IsAbhakta bana gyaa| vaha bhI pahale yahUdiyoMko hI dharmopadeza detA thA; paraMtu ve sunate nahIM the aura usakA virodha karate the; itanA hI nahIM balki use mAra DAlanekA bhI SaDyaMtra unhoMne racA thaa| taba usane videziyoMko upadeza denekA nizcaya kiyaa| eka sthAnapara vaha yahUdiyoMse kahatA hai ki, " mere lie yaha ucita thA ki bhagavAnkA zabda pahale tumheM sunAU~; para tuma usakA niSedha karate ho aura apaneko amRtatvake lie ayogya samajhate ho| yaha dekhakara aba hama videziyoMkI ora jAte haiN|" ( Acts 13-46 )* *Also Acts 18-6, 28-25-28

Page #102
pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma paoNlapara aneka saMkaTa Aye; para usane IsAI dharmakA pracAra karanekA kAma nahIM chodd'aa| eka bAra use yaruzalemake yahUdI loga mAra DAlanevAle the, para vahA~ ke romana kaipTanane use bacA liyA aura rAta hI rAtameM romana gavarnara ke pAsa bheja diyA / yahUdiyoMne use apane kabje meM lene kI koziza kI; magara paoNlane kahA ki " maiM kaisarase apIla karU~gA / " ataH use jelameM rakhakara bAdameM roma bhejanA pdd'aa| use romana jelameM ber3iyA~ pahanAkara rakhA gayA thA; phira bhI vaha vahA~ dharmapracAra karatA rahA / roma pahu~canepara vaha kirAye ke makAna meM rahatA thA / vahA~ bhI usane bahuta dharmapracAra kiyA / isa prakAra seMTa paoNlake prayatnoMse romana sAmrAjya meM IsAI dharma phaila gayA / kaoNnsTaMTIna bAdazAhakA IsAI dharmako prazraya yadyapi IsAI dharmakA pracAra lagAtAra cala rahA thA, tathApi romana bAdazAhoMkI tarapha se IsAI logoM ko bahuta yaMtraNAe~ dI gaI / antameM kaoNnsTaMTIna bAdazAhane isa dharmako prazraya diyA aura taba ye yaMtraNAe~ kama huI, IsAI dharma prabala bana gayA / kaoNnsTaMTIna bAdazAhane san 325 meM IsAI AcAryoM kI eka dharmasabhA karavAI aura usa sabhA meM IsAI saMghakA saMgaThana kiyA gayA / jisa prakAra azokake Azrayase bauddha saMgha parigrahI banA, usI prakAra kaoNnsTaMTIna ke Azraya se IsAI saMgha bhI parigrahI bana gayA aura usakI pArthiva saMpatti meM unnati aura AdhyAtmika saMpattimeM avanati hotI gii| isase IsAkA batAyA huA aparigraha dUra rahA, asatya evaM hiMsAkA prAdurbhAva huA aura rAjAoMkI lUTameMse kAphI hissA IsAI saMghako milane lgaa| arthAt pArzvanAthake cAroM yAma IsAI saMghameMse naSTa hote gye| 78

Page #103
islAmakA prasAra islAmakA prasAra idhara IsAI saMghakI unnati evaM AdhyAtmika avanati cala rahI thI aura udhara IsAkI chaThI zatAbdIke uttarArdhameM (san 970 IsavIke lagabhaga ) araba dezameM muhammada paigambarakA janma huA / araba loga saikar3oM devatAoMkI pUjA karate the| bar3e honepara haz2arata muhammada isa sambandhameM socane lage / yadyapi ve par3hanA-likhanA nahIM jAnate the; tathApi AsapAsake yahUdI paMDitoMse unhoMne bAibilakA acchA jJAna prApta kara liyA aura apanI Ayuke 40 veM varSase ve aikezvarI dharmakA upadeza dene lge| prAraMbhameM unakI patnI qhadIjA aura kucha ine-gine loga unake bhakta bane / para dhIre-dhIre makkAmeM unake matakA prasAra hone lgaa| taba vahA~ke adhikAriyoM ne unheM mAra DAlanekA SaDyaMtra racA / muhammada sAhabako isakA patA laga gayA aura ve 51 barasakI umrameM tA0 20 sitambara san 622 IsavIko rAta hI rAta madInA cale gaye / unake isa nirgamanako hijarata kahate haiM aura usa dinase hijarI saMvat mAnA jAtA hai| madInAmeM muhammada sAhabako bahuta anuyAyI mile aura unakI madadase unhoMne makkAko jIta liyA / yaha spaSTa hai ki pArzvanAtha, buddha yA IsAke ahiMsA-dharmameM muhammada sAhabako bilakula zraddhA nahIM thii| ve yahUdI logoMke mUla devatA yahovAkI ora jhuke / yahovA aura muhammada ke allAtAlAmeM kevala itanA hI pharka hai ki yahovA kevala yahUdiyoMkI cintA karatA hai, jaba ki allA una sabakI fikara rakhatA hai jo isalAmako svIkAra karate haiN| muhammada sAhaba jAta-pAta nahIM mAnate the; aura unakA zastra-bala bhI bar3hatA gayA; isase islAma dharma turanta phaila gyaa| - muhammada paigambarakI mRtyu 62 barasakI AyumeM huii| unake bAda abU bakara gaddInazIna huA / san 634 meM usakI mRtyu ho jAnepara

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma umara gaddIpara aayaa| san 643 meM usakA dehAnta huaa| ina do qhalIfAoMne islAmakA bahuta pracAra kiyaa| ina donoMkA rahana-sahana bahuta sAdA thaa| ataH janasAdhAraNapara unakA acchA prabhAva pdd'aa| unake bAda jo khalIphA hue ve bahuta vilAsI the; phira bhI unhoMne islAmake pracArameM koI kasara nahIM rkhii| talavArake balapara IsAI dharmakA pracAra islAmakI chUta IsAI dharmako lage binA nahIM rhii| jisa prakAra khalIphA aura musalamAna bAdazAha islAmakA pracAra talavArake balapara karate the, usI prakAra IsAI zAsaka bhI zastrabalapara apane dharmakA pracAra karane lage / isameM phrAnsa evaM jarmanIke zArlamena bAdazAhane netRtva kiyA / (san 771-814 IsavI ) / isa kAryameM popakA saMpUrNa AzIrvAda thaa| bAdameM svayaM popane dharmayuddhakA netRtva le liyA / dharmayuddhako arabI bhASAmeM jihAda aura laiTina bhASAmeM krujAda kahate haiM / aMgrejImeM use kruseDa ( crusade ) kahate haiM / popake netRtvameM IsavI san 1097 se 1250 taka IsAI rAjAoMne musalamAnoMke sAtha sAta dharmayuddha kiye! dharmarakSAke lie eka isase bhI adhika bhayaMkara sAdhanakA prayoga popane kiyaa| IsAkI 13 vIM zatAbdImeM usa samayake popane inkvijizana ( Inquisition) nAmakI eka saMsthAkI sthApanA kI / isa saMsthAke sadasya pAdarI hI hote the aura unake diye hue nirNayake viruddha koI apIla nahIM cala sakatI thii| IsAI dharmake arthAt popa aura usake pAdarImaMDalake banAye hue niyamoMke viruddha koI jA rahe haiM, aisI zaMkA Ate hI unheM inkviz2izanameM le jAte aura unheM yA to jindA jalA DAlate

Page #105
- rASTrIyatAkA vikAsa 81 yA gAr3a dete| yaha saMsthA 18 vIM sadI taka cala rahI thii| purAne govA zaharameM isa saMsthAkI jagaha Ajataka dikhAI jAtI hai aura usa saMsthAkI yAda Ate hI Aja bhI logoMke roMgaTe khar3e ho jAte haiN| . __jisa dharmagurune yaha atyaMta ahiMsaka upadeza diyA ki ' tumhAre dAhine gAlapara koI tamAcA jar3a de to tuma apanA bAyA~ gAla bhI usake Age kara do|'-usiike nAmapara usIke anuyAyiyoMdvArA kI gaIM ina karatUtoMko par3hane yA sunanepara hamAre manameM manuSya-svabhAvake viSayameM eka prakArakI ghRNA yA nirAzA paidA ho jAtI hai| - rASTrIyatAkA vikAsa aisI karatUtoMse popa aura pAdariyoMke prati janasAdhAraNakI Adabuddhi kama honA svAbhAvika thaa| usake sAtha hI madhyama vargake logoMmeM grIka aura laiTina bhASAoMkA jJAna bar3hatA gyaa| isase loga dharmakI apekSA rASTrIyatAkI ora vizeSa khiMcate gaye aura hara tarafa svadezAbhimAnakA prasAra hotA gyaa| isameM bAibilase bhI madada mila gaI / taurAta yA prAcIna bAibilakA yahovA pUrNatayA sAMpradAyika devatA thA, usake sthAnapara rASTrIyatAke AnemeM dera nahIM lgii| grIka logoMke kAnUna unake zaharoMtaka hI sImita hote the| phira bhI unake itihAsa aura darzana-zAstrane yUropIya rASTrIyatAma kAphI madada pahu~cAI / yaha to sabhI jAnate haiM ki Ajakala yUropameM calanevAle kAnUna romana logoMke kAnUnoMparase hI liye gae haiN| para kevala rASTrIyatAse AjIvikA aura aiza-izaratakA savAla hala nahIM ho sktaa| ataH upanivezoMke lie saMgharSa zurU huaa| pahale spena deza Age calA aura phira iglaiMDa Age bar3hA / isa rASTrIyatAkA janma hI hiMsAmeMse huA aura hiMsAke balapara hI vaha bar3hatI gaI / usakA sArA

Page #106
pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma itihAsa likhanekA sthAna yaha nahIM hai / yahA~ kevala itanA hI kaha denA paryApta hai ki Aja soviyata rUsako chor3a zeSa sArI duniyA isa rASTrIyatAke caMgulameM pha~sI huI hai aura usase uttarottara bhayaMkara yuddha ho rahe haiN| rASTrIyatApara soviyatakA ilAja yaha rASTrIyatA rUsameM vizeSa prabala nahIM thii| yadyapi rUsake z2Ara ( bAdazAha ) rUsI jAtiko mahattva dete the, phira bhI anya jAtiyoM ke prati unameM vizeSa tiraskAra nahIM thA / khyAtanAmA kavi puzkinakA nAnA habazI (nIgro) thA / vaha turkIke sulatAnakA gulAma thaa| use bheMTake taurapara sulatAnane jArako de diyA thaa| jAra usapara vizeSa prasanna huA aura usane use saradAra banAkara eka dUsare saradArakI lar3akIke sAtha usakA byAha karA diyA / yaha bAta iMglaiMDa yA amerikAmeM honA asaMbhana hai| puzkina usa nIgrokI lar3akIkA beTA thA; para use apane nAnAra ( kitanA garva thA ! 'yugoniI anegin ' nAmaka kAvyake prAraMbhama hI vaha apane aphrIkI raktakI mahattA batAtA hai| isa taraha yaha deza rASTrIyatvakI sImAoMko lA~ghanemeM samartha huA, to isameM kyA Azcarya ? rASTrIyatAse lAbha uThAnevAlA madhyama varga bhI rUsameM prabala nahIM thA; aura jaba jArazAhI naSTa huI taba sAre rASTroMko samAnatAke adhikAra denemeM leninako bilakula kaSTa nahIM huaa| kAvakAja, turkomana, ujabeka Adi sabhI pichar3e hue deza rUsakI taraha hI Aja pUrNa svataMtratAkA anubhava kara rahe haiN| rUsakI vijayake aneka kAraNoMmeM yaha pradhAna hai| ___ soviyatakA ilAja anya dezoMke lie saMbhava nahIM iMglaiMDa, phrAnsa, amerikA Adi dezoMmeM dezAbhimAna itanA bhida gayA

Page #107
do zaktiyoMkI Takkara 83 hai ki unapara soviyatakA ilAja lAgU honA asaMbhava ho gayA hai| itanA hI nahIM balki zastroM aura kUTanItise isa ilAjakA pratikAra karanekI ceSTA ye rASTra lagAtAra kiye jA rahe haiN| soviyatakI sattA prasthApita hote hI usI tattvapara iMglaiMDane apane sAmrAjyakA saMgaThana kiyA hotA to dUsarA mahAyuddha hotA hI nhiiN| para vaisA karaneke lie yaha Avazyaka thA ki iMglaiMDakA madhyavitta varga apane svArthako tyAga de| agara vaha vaisA kara sakatA to, avazyaM yAtArazcirataramuSitvApi viSayA viyoge ko bhedasyatjati na jano yaH svayamamUn / vrajantaH svAtaMtryAdatulaparitApAya manasaH svayaM tyaktA hyete zamasukhamanantaM vidadhate // (arthAt , cirakAlataka upabhoga karanepara bhI viSayabhoga ( aMtameM ) nizcaya hI chor3a jAte haiN| jo unakA tyAga nahIM karatA aura jo svayaM tyAga karatA hai, unameM kyA bheda hai ? jaba ye bhoga Apa hI Apa cale jAte haiM taba bhayaMkara paritApakA kAraNa banate haiM, jaba ki svayaM unakA tyAga karanepara ve ananta zAntisukha dete haiN| )--isa bhartRharike kathanake anusAra saMsArameM ananta zAntisukhakI sthApanA kI jA sktii| do zaktiyoMkI Takkara aba eka tarapha 'ApaNAsArikhe karitI tAtkALa' (apane jaisA turanta banAte haiM ) ke santa-vacanakA anusaraNa karanevAle bolzevikoMkI zakti aura dUsarI tarapha saMsArameM viSamatAko banAye rakhanekI ceSTA karanevAlI aiMgloamerikanoMkI zakti-isa taraha do zaktiyoMkI Takkara honekI saMbhAvanA hai| yadi sacamuca yaha Takkara ho jAya to ananta zAntisukhake bajAya ananta mAnava-duHkha phaila jaaygaa| amerikA, iglaiMDa aura rUsakI jo

Page #108
pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma rAjanItiyA~ cala rahI haiM ve isa Takkarako TAlaneke lie nahIM balki isIlie haiM ki usase aura saba cakanAcUra ho jAya aura ve vasyaM baca jAya~ / isa TakkarameM kevala ina zaktiyoMkA hI kacUmara nahIM nikalegA, balki hamAre jaise aneka asahAya dezoMke bhI cakanAcUra ho jAnekI saMbhAvanA hai| ataH sabhIkA yaha kartavya hai ki isa Takkarako TAlanekA vicAra abhIse zurU kiyA jaae| kahA jAegA ki hama jaise durbaloMke socavicArase kyA phAyadA ? vicAra to svayaM amerikanoM, aMgrejoM aura bolzevikoMko karanA caahie| mere matameM isa muThabher3akA honA yA na honA bahuta kucha hamapara bhI nirbhara hai| isa mAmale meM yadi hama taTastha raha sakeM, to isa TakkarakA vega bahuta kucha kama ho jAyagA aura zAyada use TAlA bhI jA skegaa| . mukhya ilAja cAturyAmoMkA mahAtmA gA~dhIne pichale 25 varSoM meM ahiMsA aura satyake do yAma vyavahArya kara dikhAye haiM / unako svIkAra karanese hindustAnakA koI nukasAna nahIM, balki lAbha hI huA hai| ina do yAmoMmeM asteya evaM aparigrahakI vRddhi ho jAya to hindustAnakA vikAsa adhika acchA aura tvarita hogaa| mahAtmA gA~dhI aura unake AzramavAsI anuyAyI aparigraha evaM asteya vratakA pAlana to karate hI haiM; paraMtu sArvajanika kAryake lie unheM saparigrahI dhanIvargapara nirbhara rahanA par3atA hai / isa vargakI bahutAMza saMpatti vyApArI lUTake dvArA (jise ve munAphA kahate haiM ) prApta kI huI hotI haiM / ataH unheM cAroM yAma pasanda nahIM haiM / apanI saMpattikI rakSAke lie ve bejhijhaka hiMsAkA prayoga kareMge; aura asatya to unake vyavasAyakA pramukha sAdhana hai| aisA hote hue bhI rASTrIya kAryameM isa vargase sahAyatA lenA mahAtmA gA~vIke lie Avazyaka ho

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rASTrIyatA nahIM cAhie gayA hai| ise hama Apaddharma kaha sakate haiM / para yadi yaha aisA hI bar3hatA jAya to saddharmakA siMhAsana daboca baiThegA, isameM koI zaMkA nahIM hai| ataH abhIse isa vargase sAvadhAna rahanA caahie| ___ isa vargake logoMse hameM yaha sAfa kaha denA cAhie ki, " bhAiyo, Apa cAturyAmakA pUrA bhaMga karake saMpatti kamAte haiM; phira bhI hama Apase kevala isIlie dAna lete haiM ki isa dezake janasAdhAraNakA kalyANa ho aura krAntikI naubata Aye binA ahiMsAke dvArA naye samAjakA nirmANa kiyA jA sake / yaha AzA rakhanA vyartha hai ki isa nava-nirmANameM iMglaiMDa-amerikAke dhanikoMkI taraha Apa bhI sarvAdhikArI bana baittheNge| ApakI hatyA kiye binA Apako Apake parigrahase mukta karanekA hamArA prayatna hai aura ApakA kalyANa isImeM hai ki Apa isameM svecchAse sahayoga deN|" yaha pracAra abhIse spaSTa rUpameM zurU kara denA caahie| rASTrIyatA nahIM cAhie isa pracArameM rASTrIyatAko nahIM milAnA caahie| isa rASTrIyatAse zurU-zurUmeM iglaiMDako lAbha huaa| para usake pariNAma pichale do mahAyuddhoMmeM jo nikale unase iglaiMDakA to lagabhaga dIvAlA hI nikala gayA hai / aura aise cihna spaSTa dikhAI de rahe haiM ki iMglaiMDa zIghra hI spenakA darjA hAsila kara legaa| to phira isa rASTrIyatAse iMglaiMDane kyA pAyA ? ananta itihAsameM ' do dinoMkI' sAmAjyasattA! hamAre lie yaha rASTrIyatA prAraMbhase hI bAdhaka bnegii| aMgrejoMse mukAbalA karaneke lie hama bhale hI Aja eka ho jAya~; magara rASTrIyatAke kAraNa yaha ekatA zIghra hI naSTa ho jaaygii| karnATaka evaM mahArASTra, Andhra evaM tAmilanADa, baMgAla evaM bihAra tathA anya sabhI pradezoMmeM choTI-moTI bAtoMpara jhagar3e hone lageMge aura hiMsaka tathA parigrahI logoMke hAthameM sattA

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4 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma calI jaaygii| usase janasAdhAraNakA behada nukasAna hogaa| isa saMkaTako TAlanA ho to Ajase hI isa rASTrIyatAke viruddha Andolana zurU karanA caahie| apanI-apanI bhASA evaM saMskRtikA vikAsa saba loga avazya kareM; para eka dUsareke prati asahiSNu na hoN| rASTrIyatAkA vyasana bar3hA to yaha saMgharSa sahaja hI padA kiyA jA skegaa| dhArmika sAMpradAyikatAse khatarA dhArmika sAMpradAyikatAke kaDuve phala Aja hameM cakhane par3a rahe haiN| musalamAnoMke ajJAna aura usase utpanna saMkIrNa svArthase phAyadA uThAkara aMgrez2oMne unheM anya samAjase vibhakta kara diyA aura unake daMgoM-fisAdoMko protsAhana dekara apanI sattAko banAye rakhanekA niMdya prayatna kiyA / isase unhoMne hindustAnakA aura apanA bhI duHkha bar3hA liyA hai / prathama mahAyuddhake bAda soviyata rUsase ThIka sabaka sIkhakara yadi aMgrez2oMne soviyatakI taraha hI apane sAmrAjyameM sudhAra kara liye hote to dUsare mahAyuddhakI naubata hI na aatii| magara vaisA karaneke bajAya unhoMne hara tarafa meda-nItiko hI atyaMta protsAhana diyA / isa kAmameM unheM dhArmika sAMpradAyikatAse acchI madada milii| udhara unhoMne proTesTaMTa AyalaiMDako kaithaoNlika AyalaiMDase pRthak kara diyA; apane sAmrAjyake mArgapara pailesTAinameM yahUdiyoMko protsAhana dekara vahA~ alpasaMkhyakoMkI eka ajIba rAjyapaddhati khar3I kii| hamAre yahA~ brahmadeza ( barmA ) ko alaga kara diyA aura hindU-musalamAnoMke jhagar3oMko aura bhar3akA diyA / pariNAmasvarUpa dUsarA mahAyuddha chir3a gayA aura amerikAkI minnateM karake aMgrejoMne apanA ber3A kisI taraha pAra lgaayaa| paraMtu abhI taka unheM apanI nItike lie pazcAttApa nahI huaa| Aja bhI unakI cAleM cala rahI haiM Ara aise cihna spaSTa dikhAI de rahe haiM ki usameM iMglaiMDakA samUla nAza hue binA ye cAleM baMda nahIM hoNgii|

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- kamyUnisToMkA pracAra www.rani hindustAnakI pragatike mArgameM aMgrez2oMne muslima lIgakI bar3I dIvAra khar3I kI hai aura use ve tor3anA nahIM caahte| hindU samAjane isa dIvArake banAnemeM kAphI madada pahu~cAI hai| soviyata netAoMkI taraha hamAre netAoMmeM bhI jana-sAdhAraNake prati AsthA hotI Ara mArksavAdase sabakA hita kaise ho sakatA hai isakI jAnakArI hotI, to prathama mahAyuddhake bAda rUsake sAtha hama bhI mukta ho jAte / para hamane to apane ahitakA hI mArga apanAyA / jaba aMgrejoMke cakamemeM musalamAna A gae to hama bhI AryasamAja, zivAjI-utsava, gaNeza-utsava, rAjapUtoMkI zUratAkI kathAe~, hindU-vizvavidyAlaya Adi bAtoMko satata protsAhana dete gae; jisase hinduoM aura musalamAnoMkA manamuTAva aura bhI bar3hatA gyaa| aba to hameM hozameM Akara isa dhArmika sAMpradAyikatAko hamezAke lie gAr3a denA cAhie / hinduoM aura musalamAnoMkI Arthika sthiti samAna hI hai| ' maz2ahaba qhataremeM ' kA pracAra dhUrta logoMne apane svArtha-sAdhanake lie kiyA hai| unakI bAtoMmeM kisIko nahIM AnA caahie| kamyUnisToMkA pracAra sAmAnya janatAkI burI hAlata sabako dikhalAkara zramikoMkA saMghasAmarthya bar3hAnekA prayatna kamyUnisTa yAnI sAmyavAdI kara rahe haiM / usake lie unako badhAI denA ucita hogA; paraMtu kabhI-kabhI apane sAdhyake lie ve galata tarIkoMko apanAte haiM aura logoMke anAdarakA bhAjana banate haiN| muslima lIgako madada denekA unakA prayatna aise hI mArgoMmeMse hai / zAyada ve samajhate haiM ki kAMgresa aura muslima lIgake jhagar3emeMse sAmyavAdI rAjyakA nirmANa ho jAyagA / para vaha saMbhava nahIM hai / kAMgresameM cAhe jitane doSa

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma hoM to bhI sAmAnya janatAkI cintA use hai aura lIga kevala apane hI svArthake pIche par3I huI hai / isa saMgharSameM se sAmyavAdI sattAkA nirmANa honA saMbhava nahIM hai / isase viparIta aMgrez2oMkI sattA maz2abUta hotI jA rahI hai / jaba muslima zramikoMke dhyAnameM yaha bAta AegI tabhI sAmyavAdiyoM ko unase madada milegI / unameM jAtibhedakA jhaMjhaTa kama honese ve sAmyavAdakI tarafa jaldI jhukeMge / magara lIgakI madada karane se unakI phirakAparastI bar3ha jAyagI aura ve sAmyavAdase dUra cale jAe~ge / ataH kamyUnisToM ke hitameM yahI acchA hai ki ve aise kuTila mArgapara na calakara sIdhe mArgako hI apanAe~ / 88 sozalisToM kA pracAra kamyUnisToM aura sozalisToMke siddhAnta eka hote hue bhI unameM ghora duzmanI hai| sozalisToM yAnI samAjavAdiyoMkA kahanA hai ki sAmyavAdiyoM ke pAsa unakI apanI buddhi nahIM hai, ve maoNskoke gulAma haiM / aura sAmyavAdiyoMko aisA lagatA hai ki anya dezoMke samAjavAdiyoMkI taraha hI bhAratIya samAjavAdI bhI kevala nAmake hI mArksavAdI haiN| donoM krAnti cAhate haiM, para unake mArga bhinna haiN| donoM kahate haiM ki jabataka loga hiMsAtmaka mArgako nahIM apanAe~ge tabataka krAnti nahIM hogI / 1 magara donoM yaha bhUla jAte haiM ki rUsakI hAlata aura hamAre dezakI hAlatameM bahuta antara hai / rUsameM kisAnoM aura maz2adUroMko anivArya faujI zikSA milatI thI / aisA hote hue bhI lar3AI ke maidAna meM z2ArakI hAra honetaka sAmyavAdiyoM aura samAjavAdiyoMkI kucha na calI / tabataka unakA pracAra ahiMsAtmaka hI thA / ve logoMko saMgaThita bananekA upadeza dete aura maukA Anepara

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soviyata saMghako pU~jIpatiyoMse bhaya 89 rmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm bhAratIya satyAgrahiyoMkI taraha jelameM yA nirvAsita hokara sAiberiyAmeM jAte / arthAt svayaM kaSTa sahana karake ve logoMko zikSA dete / jArakI hAra honepara unheM maukA mila gayA aura usase leninane phAyadA utthaayaa| isa tarahakA fAyadA hamAre sAmyavAdI aura samAjavAdI pahale yA dUsare mahAyuddhake bAda nahIM uThA ske| kyoMki amerikA yA svayaM rUsakI madadase aMgrejoMkI jIta huI thii| aba ina donoMko agale mahAyuddhakI pratIkSA karanI pdd'egii| aisI mArgapratIkSA karaneke bajAya kyA yaha ucita nahIM hogA ki satya evaM ahiMsAke upAyoMse hI zramajIvI logoMko jAgrata kiyA jAya ? satya to unake pakSameM hai hI, aba yadi ve zuddha bhAvanAse ahiMsAko apanAe~ge to hindustAnakA hI nahIM balki sAre saMsArakA hita karanemeM samartha hoNge| soviyata saMghako pU~jIpatiyoMse bhaya soviyata netAoMko yaha bhaya lagA huA hai ki amerikana aura aMgreja pU~jIpati koI na koI bahAnA banAkara rUsapara hamalA karanA cAhate haiM aura hama nahIM kaha sakate ki yaha bhaya bebuniyAda hai / idhara cInameM cAMga kAi zekako Age karake amerikana loga dA~va calA rahe haiM, to hindustAnameM muslima lIgakA TheMgura kAMgresake galemeM bA~dhakara hindustAnako soviyatake khilAfa khar3A karanekI cAla aMgreja cala rahe haiM, aisI zaMkA rUsI kUTanItijJoMko A rahI hai / hindustAnakI orase soviyata saMghako nizcita banAnekA pradhAna upAya yaha hai ki aparigrahI evaM asteyI samAjake nirmANake dhyeyako kAMgresa pUrNatayA apnaae| zrI javAharalAla neharU Ara anya samAjavAdI bhAI kAMgresameM hI haiM; para ve kaTTara dezAbhimAnI haiM / iTalI aura jarmanImeM yaha anubhava AyA hai ki dezAbhimAna aura sozAlijmake saMyogase phAsiz2ma paidA hotA hai /

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma vaisI hAlata hindustAna meM ho jAya to niHsaMzaya hindustAnakI tarapha se soviyata saMghako bhaya utpanna hogA / parantu kAMgresa yadi sarvathaiva aparigrahakA dhyeya svIkAra kare, to yaha bhaya rakhanekA soviyata saMghake lie koI kAraNa hI nahIM rahegA / 90 AsapAsa ke rASTroM para hamalA karake hameM apane liye upaniveza nahIM banAne haiN| itanA hI nahIM balki apane hI dezameM hama aise samAjakA nirmANa karanA cAhate haiM jisameM koI bhI vyakti parigrahI yA steya (lUTa) para jInevAlA nahIM hogA / parantu koI aisA Agraha na rakhe ki yaha samAja-nirmANa rUsI krAntikI taraha hI honA cAhie / hameM vizvAsa hai ki satya aura ahiMsA ke mArgase vaha kiyA jA sakegA / hamAre satyaahiMsA ke tattva kevala svarAjya-prApti ke lie hI nahIM balki sAre saMsArakA hita-sAdhana karane ke lie haiM / jaba soviyata netAoM ko yaha vizvAsa ho jAyagA ki hama unapara AkramaNa nahIM kareMge, itanA hI nahIM balki yadi aMgrez2a aura amarIkI pU~jIpati soviyata ke sAtha lar3AI zurU kara deMge to use baMda karaneke lie hama apanI tarapha se bharasaka koziza kareMge, to ve hamArI orase hI nahIM balki kucha hada taka amerikana evaM aMgrez2a pU~jIpatiyoMse bhI nizcinta ho jAyeMge / kAMgresa, sozalisTa aura kamyUnisTa milakara isa nItiko apanAe~ge to pU~jIpatiyoM aura soviyata saMghakI Takkara meM hamAre dezake pha~sa jAnekA Dara nahIM rahegA / aura yadi hama cAturyAmake dvArA sAtvika bala prApta kareMge to isa Takkarako bilakula jA sakegA / muslima lIgakA kyA kiyA jAya ? kAMgresiyoM, sozalisToM aura kamyunisToMmeM jo tyAgavRtti hai usakA lIga meM nitAMta abhAva hai / maz2ahaba khatare meM' kA zora macAkara voTa 4

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cAturyAmakI zikSA ( mata ) prApta karanA aura cunAva honepara apanA svArtha-sAdhana karate rahanA hI lIgI netAoMkA kAryakrama hai / esA hote hue bhI kAMgresa aura kamyUnisTa lIgI netAoMkI khuzAmada karate haiM; kyA yaha AzcaryakI bAta nahIM hai ? isa mArgase svarAja yA sAmyavAdI rAjakI sthApanA karanekI kalpanA nitAMta bhrAMtipUrNa hai / lIgiyoMko na svarAjya cAhie aura na sAmyavAda hii| unheM to kevala naukariyA~ cAhie aura unake lie aMgrez2a caahie| aMgrejoMko yaha acchI taraha mAlUma hai aura lIgiyoMkI oTameM ve hamezA apanA dA~va khelate Aye haiM / ataH lIgako khuza karanA kisIke bhI basakI bAta nahIM hai / lIgiyoM aura aMgrejoMko ApasameM gale milakara lobhake daladalameM pha~sane diyA jAya aura isa samaya to unakI upekSA hI kI jAya, yahI ucita hai| paraMtu muslima janatAkA jo buddhibheda ve karate haiM, usake lie kyA kiyA jAya ? isameM zaka nahIM ki jaba kAMgresI aparigraha evaM asteyake dhyeyako pUrNarUpase apanAe~ge taba g2arIbIke mAre hindU aura musalamAna sabhI kAMgresake pakSameM A jaaeNge| Ajake lIgI netA aMgrejoMke piTa bane raheMge; paraMtu logoMpara unakA koI asara nahIM rhegaa| sArAMza, yaha ki antargata aura antarrASTrIya sabhI gutthiyA~ pArzvanAthake cAra yAmoMke dvArA sulajhAI jA sakatI haiM; kevala zraddhA cAhie aura phira samaya-samayapara unake prayoga karaneke lie prajJA caahie| cAturyAmakI zikSA cAturyAmake dvArA jagatkA kalyANa karanA ho to usakI zikSA sArvatrika honI caahie| isakA artha yaha nahIM ki jaina yA bauddha sAdhuoMko pAThazAlAoMmeM mejakara unase cAturyAma athavA aSTAMgika mArgakI zikSA dilavAI jAya / agara aisA kiyA gayA to ye sAdhu

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma apane jhagar3e skUloMmeM hI zurU kara deMge aura usase cAturyAmake bajAya hiMsAkA hI prasAra hogA / 92 1 to phira cAturyAmakI zikSA kaise dI jAya ? Aja jaise padArthavijJAna athavA manovijJAnakI zikSA dI jAtI hai vaise hI yaha zikSA dI jAnI cAhie / cAturyAmake prayoga prathamataH pArzvanAthane kiye / ve kahA~taka saphala hue aura bAdameM unake viparyAsa honeke kyA kyA kAraNa hue, Adi saba bAteM adhyApaka apane vidyArthiyoMko sikhAe~ / bhagavAn buddhane apane aSTAMgika mArgake dvArA isa cAturyAmakA acchA vikAsa kiyA / rAjakIya sattA niraMkuza aura hiMsAtmaka honese buddhake prayoga bhI niSphala hue / usake bAda IsA masIhane ina yAmoMke prayoga kiye / paraMtu yahovAkA mizraNa ho jAnese unase lAbhakI apekSA hAni hI adhika huI / mahAtmA TAlasTAyane apane lekhoM dvArA yaha sAbita kiyA ki yadi ina yAmoMmeM manuSyopayogI zarIra-zrama jor3a diye jAya~ to ye sthAyI bana jaaeNge| paraMtu unake lie pratyakSa prayoga karake dikhAnA saMbhava nahIM huaa| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki unhoMne yahovAko nahIM chor3A aura apane tattvajJAnako iMjIla ( naI bAIbila ) para sthApita karanekI koziza kI / paraMtu Aja yUrapake zikSita logoMkI bAibila yA Izvarapara zraddhA nahIM rahI hai / ataH TAlasTAyakA tattvajJAna bhI logoMko nahIM ja~catA / mahAtmA gA~dhI ha pratyakSa siddha karake dikhAyA ki ahiMsA aura satyake AdhArapara eka bar3A Andolana kiyA jA sakatA hai / parantu ye yAma abhI prayogAvasthA meM haiM / svayaM gA~dhIjI hI unheM satya aura ahiMsA ke prayoga kahate haiM / ina prayogoMmeM khatarA ye prayoga sAMpradAyika nahIM hone cAhie | itanA sUta kAtanA cAhie, bhagavadgItAkA pArAyaNa karanA cAhie, subaha-zAma bhajana karanA

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ahiMsA 93 cAhie, Adi bAtoM ke sAtha ina prayogoMko milA diyA jAya, to ye satya aura ahiMsA ke prayoga na rahakara eka saMpradAya bana jAe~ge aura usase lAbhakI apekSA hAni hI adhika hogI / " dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki ina prayogoMko paramezvara aura AtmAse dUra rakhanA caahie| vaijJAnika isakI khoja avazya kareM ki paramezvara athavA AtmA hai yA nahIM / Izvarake viSaya meM vaijJAnika kucha bhI nahIM batA sakate / arthAt ve isa sambandha meM ajJeyavAdI yA pratyakSavAdI haiM / AtmAke viSayameM jo anusandhAna cala rahA hai usameM bauddhoMkA yaha siddhAnta hI sahI mAnA jAtA hai ki, AtmA atyaMta asthira athavA anitya hai / ' jaisI vidyut zakti hotI hai, vaisI hI Atmazakti hai / usakA upayoga acche aura bure donoM kAmoMmeM kiyA jA sakatA hai / yaha Atmazakti jaise caMgez2aqhAna, taimUralaMga, mahamUda gaz2anavI AdimeM thI vaise hI pArzvanAtha, mahAvIra, buddha, IsA AdimeM bhI thii| aMtara kevala itanA hI hai ki pahale logoMne usa zaktikA upayoga mAnavoMke saMhArake lie kiyA aura dUsare logoMne manuSyake vikAsa ke lie / Ajakala vijJAnakA jo vikAsa huA hai vaha paramezvarapara bharosA rakhanese nahIM huA hai, balki vaijJAnikoMko kaI bAra IzvarabhaktoMse lar3akara hI apane AviSkAroMpara amala karanA par3A hai / ataH cAturyAmoMke prayogameM paramezvarakI kalpanAko jor3a denese saMpradAya ke sivAya aura kucha nahIM nikalegA / ahiMsA idhara ahiMsAkA yaha artha ho gayA hai ki eka tarapha logoMko burI taraha cUsakara paisA kamAyA jAya aura dUsarI tarapha eka piMjarApola kholA jAya; athavA vaha saMbhava na ho to kuttoM aura bandaroMko ghI- roTI

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma khilAI jAya aura cIMTiyoMko cInI khilAI jAya ! gA~dhIjI jaba kahate haiM ki machaliyA~ pakar3akara g2arIboMke bhojanameM vRddhi kI jAya, taba ina logoMko gA~dhIjI bilakula dAMbhika mAlUma hote haiM / yadi koI kahe ki eka samaya jaina bhikSu mAMsAzana karate the to ye sajjana use jela bhijavA - ko taiyAra ho jAte haiM / yaha hai AjakalakI ahiMsA ! 94 paraMtu pArzvanAtha yA buddhane aisI ahiMsAko bilakula mahattva nahIM diyA thaa| manuSya ke dvArA manuSyakI jo hiMsA hotI hai, use naSTa karane - kA prayatna unhoMne kiyA / arthAt unakI ahiMsA prathamataH manuSya ke lie lAgU thI / agara vaisA na hotA to unhoMne yajJa-yAgoMke sAtha hI khetIkA bhI niSedha kiyA hotaa| kyoMki khetI meM prANiyoMkI jitanI hiMsA hotI hai utanI yajJoMmeM nahIM ho sktii| jaina sAdhuoMne to isase bhI Age jAkara rasoI na pakAnekA upadeza diyA hotA; kyoki rasoI meM vanaspati-kAya aura anya kAyoMkI kitanI asIma hatyA hotI hai ! ahiMsAmeM satya, asteya evaM aparigrahake tIna yAma jor3a diye jAne se yaha siddha hotA hai ki yaha ahiMsA mAnava samAjake lie thI / vyavahArameM logoMko lUTakara cIMTiyoMko zakkara khilAne ke lie vaha ahiMsA nahIM thI / jaina aura bauddha dharma jaba rAjAzrita hue taba usa ahiMsAkA yaha viparyAsa huaa| use isa sAMpradAyikatA ke caMgula se chur3Akara punaH kAryakSama banAnA hI ahiMsAkA saccA prayoga hai / satya satyake prayogameM haThadharmI yA durAgraha nahIM honA cAhie / popakA yaha nizcita mata thA ki pRthvI nahIM ghUmatI hai; isalie usane gailIlioko behada yaMtraNAe~ dIM / ' idaM sacca moghamaNNaM ' ( yahI satya hai aura bAkI saba jhUTha hai ) ke Agrahase hI duniyAmeM aneka lar3AiyA~ chir3I haiN| parantu

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95 aba bhI manuSya isa Agrahako chor3aneke lie taiyAra nahIM hai / hamArI DemaoNkrasI ( janataMtra ) hI satya hai aura tumhArA kamyUnijma ( sAmyavAda ) asatya hai, isa haThadharmIse hI Aja aura eka mahAyuddha chir3anA cAhatA hai / aisI sthiti meM satyakA vicAra ahiMsA, asteya aura aparigrahake yAmoMke anusAra kiyA jAnA cAhie / hama apane jisa janataMtrako satya mAnate haiM, vaha kyA ina tIna yAmoMpara adhiSThita hai ? yadi usakI rakSA ke lie hameM paramANu bamakA prayoga karanA par3e, to vaha ahiMsApara adhiSThita nahIM hogaa| agara usake lie pichar3e hue logoMkI svataMtratA chInanI par3atI hai aura unheM vyApArake dvArA cUsanA par3atA hai to vaha asteyapara AdhArita nahIM hai, usake lie sArI duniyAkA suvarNa jamA karanA par3atA ho to vaha aparigrahapara adhiSThita nahIM hai / ataH aise janataMtra ke lie yuddha karanA nirI mUrkhatA hai / krUseDa ( jihAda ) jaise dharmayuddha kevala ajJAnake kAraNa hue; unameM satyakA lavaleza bhI nahIM thA / usI taraha hamArI DemaoNkrasImeM bhI vaha nahIM hai / yaha bAta yadi amerikana aura aMgrez2a loga samajha leM to Aja jo yuddhakI taiyArI cala rahI hai vaha turanta banda ho jAyagI / satya padArthavijJAnameM jo naye naye AviSkAra ho rahe haiM, ve satya avazya haiM; para yadi ve ahiMsA, asteya aura aparigrahake yAmoMko qhatma karane - vAle hoM to unase lAbha hone ke bajAya duHkha hI bddh'egaa| vaijJAnikoM ne alaga-alaga bama khoja nikAle; unameM antima AviSkAra paramANu bamakA hai| amerikana loga usakA upayoga apane parigrahako bar3hAne ke lie karanA cAhate haiM / ve kahate haiM, "dekho, hamAre hAthameM yaha adbhuta zakti hai / 1 ataH tuma cupacApa hamAre parigrahako svIkRti de do aura use barakarAra rakhane ke lie hamAre vyApArI steya ( lUTa-khasoTa ) ko bar3hane do / dakSiNa

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96 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma amerikAkI khAneM aura anya vyApAra sabhI hamAre hAthameM hai / isI prakAra hama cInakA vyApAra apane kabz2e meM karanA cAhate haiM aura cAhate haiM ki sArI duniyApara hamArA prabhAva rhe| isameM yadi tuma bAdhA DAloge to DemaoNkrasIke nAmapara tuma logoMpara paramANu bama giranemeM derI nahIM lagegI / jo kucha dharma hai vaha hamArI DemaoNkrasI ( janataMtra ) meM hI hai / " - aisI DemaoNkrasIse sAre saMsArake logoMko sAvadhAna karanA vicArakoMkA kartavya hai / asteya yaha to sabhI mAnate haiM ki dUsaroMkI cIjeM curAnA athavA lUTanA niSiddha hai| cora yA luTere apanI karatUtakA samarthana nahIM kara sakate paraMtu vyApAriyoM dvArA kI jAnevAlI lUTa-khasoTakI bAta aisI nahIM hai / adhikAriyoMko rizvata dekara yA anya upAyoMse yadi koI bahuta sI saMpatti prApta karatA hai to sabhI usakI prazaMsA karate haiM / amerikAmeM aise vyaktiko 'kaipTana oNpha iNDasTrI' ( vyavasAyapati ) kahate haiN| aura yadi yaha vyakti thor3A-bahuta dAna-dharma kare to phira usakI stutikI koI hada hI nahIM rahatI / aise samAjama asteya vrata kaise A sakatA hai ? vyApAra aura saTTA karake agara hoziyAra loga paisA kamAne lage aura dUsare loga unakI tArIphoM ke pula bA~dhane lageM, to vaha samAja kabhI asteyatI nahIM bana sakatA / isa vyApArake lie asatya avazya cAhie aura jaba parigraha hI na karanA ho to vyApArakI z2arUrata hI kyA hai ? eka bAra parigraha ho jAnepara usakI rakSAke lie hiMsA z2arUra caahie| aura vaha AsAnIse kI jA sakeM, isake lie DemaoNkrasI jaise DhoMga karane caahie| arthAt steya evaM asatya se parigraha AtA hai aura parigrahakI

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aparigraha rakSAke lie hiMsA evaM asatyakI z2arUrata A par3atI hai| isa prakAra yaha duSTacakra (Vicious Circle ) lagAtara calatA rhegaa| aparigraha ___ kucha loga sarvasaMga chor3akara aparigrahI baneM aura kucha loga talavAra yA vyApArake balapara mAladAra banakara ina aparigrahI logoMko posate raheM, yaha to aparigrahakA viparyAsa hai| sAre samAjake aparigrahI bane vinA samAjakA hita honA asambhava hai| aise aparigrahI samAjakA nirmANa rUsameM ho rahA hai, aura apane dezake AsapAsake ilAkoMmeM bhI aise hI samAjakA nirmANa karanekA prayatna soviyata netA kara rahe haiM / para aMgreja aura amerikana dhanikoMko yaha pasanda nahIM hai; isalie ve soviyata rAjanItijJoMko parAsta karanekI ceSTA kara rahe haiN| vizeSa prayatnoMke binA hindustAnakA rAja milanepara aMgrez2oMne bhUmadhyasAgarapara apanA prabhAva prasthApita karanekA prayatna kiyA; jibrAlTara aura mAlTApara kabjA kara liyA aura misrako apanA mAtahata banA liyA / phira pUrva eziyAmeM barmA, malAyA Adi deza jIta liye| amerikAne ekake bAda eka yUropIya rAjAoMko dakSiNa amerikAse nikAla diyA aura antameM kyUbA TApUkI rakSAke lie jAkara, spenase philipIna TApU bhI jIta liye| ina sArI karatUtoMko amarIkI logoMne 'manaro DaoNkTrIna' (manarokA siddhAnta) kA suMdara nAma diyA; para jaba soviyata rUsa AtmarakSAke lie hI apane AsapAsake rAjyoMmeM sAmyavAdI zAsanapraNAlI prasthApita karanA cAhatA hai to apane sAmrAjyakI DIMga hA~kanevAle aMgrez2a aura manaro DAkTrInakA japa karanevAle amerikana ekadama cillAne lagate haiM ki soviyata apanA vistAra ( Expansion) karanA cAhatA hai ! " yadi tuma auroMke dezameM jAkara

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma unapara apanA prabhAva yA adhikAra lAdate ho, to soviyata sarakAra AsapAsake dezoMmeM sAmyavAdakA prasAra karatI hai, to usameM tumhArA kyA jAtA hai ? " " hamArA kyA jAtA hai ? vAha ! agara dhIre dhIre kamyUniz2makA prasAra hotA jAya, to phira hamArA sAmrAjya aura hamArA manaro DAkTrIna kaise Tika sakatA hai ? kyA yaha sAmyavAda hamAre daravAjoMpara nahIM A dhamakegA ? isIlie AvazyakatA par3anepara paramANu bamoMse bhI kamyUniz2makA pratikAra karane ko hama taiyAra haiN| aura yadi hamAre maz2adUroMkA Dara hameM na hotA to hamane yaha kAma kabhIkA zurU kara diyA hotA ! ". 98 paraMtu jaba taka sArI duniyAke rASTroM meM soviyata samAja jaisA samAjanirmANa nahIM hogA, taba taka saMsArako lar3AiyoMse mukti nahIM milegI / jaba sAre rASTra aparigrahI baneMge tabhI saMsAra meM ahiMsA aura sukha-zAnti AegI / brahmacarya kucha sAdhu brahmacArI' raheM aura rAjA-mahArAjA cAhe jitanI striyA~ aura vezyAe~ rakha to aise brahmacarya se samAjako vizeSa lAbha nahIM ho sakatA, yaha bilakula spaSTa hai| sabhI jAnate haiM ki vaizyAoM aura unase sambandha rakhanevAle puruSoMke dvArA samAjameM bhayaMkara roga phailate haiM / yaha jAnakArI svayaM vezyAoM aura unase sambandha rakhanevAle ajJa puruSoMko karA deneke lie soviyata rUsa meM taraha- tarahase pracArakArya jArI hai| jaba taka bahupatnItva aura vezyAvyavasAyakA nirmUlana samAjameMse nahIM ho jAtA, taba taka yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki samAjako brahmacaryakA bhAna huA hai / ekapatnIvrata meM bhI viSaya - sevanakA atireka nahIM honA cAhie / Ajakala zikSita loga adhika santAneM nahIM cAhate / eka-do bacce

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anya vrata 99 - - honepara ve saMtati-nirodha karane lagate haiN| isa saMtati-nirodhameM sabase bar3A khatarA yaha hai ki usase strI-puruSoMkI kAmatRSNA kama honeke bajAya bar3hatI jAtI hai aura usake kAraNa mana aura zarIrapara bure pariNAma hote haiN| isase yaha acchA hai ki lokopayogI kAmoMmeM dakSa rahakara strI-puruSa brahmacaryake pAlana karanekA abhyAsa kreN| isa brahmacaryakI zikSA yuvakayuvatiyoMko avazya dI jAnI caahie| yadyapi isa vratakA upadeza pArzvanAthane nahIM diyA hai, tathApi unake aparigraha yAmameM isakA samAveza ho jAtA hai| anya vrata jainoMke Agama granthoMmeM hI yaha batAyA gayA hai ki pArzvanAthane kevala cAturyAma dharmakA upadeza diyA hai| phira bhI hemacandrAcAryane unake upadezameM brahmacarya hI nahIM, balki aura bhI sAta vratoMko jor3a diyA hai| vAstavameM dekhA jAya to cAra yAmoMkA yathArtha artha samajhakara abhyAsa karanevAleke lie ye vrata bekAra haiM / udAharaNake lie, divirati evaM dezaviratiko hI lIjie / * jo vyakti cAturyAma dharmakA ThIka tarahase pAlana karegA use aisA niyama karanekI kyA AvazyakatA hai ki maiM 'amuka dizAmeM yA amuka pradezameM nahIM jAU~gA' ? balki yaha niyama samAjake lie ghAtaka sAbita hogA; kyoMki yAmoMkA pAlana karanevAlA vyakti jisa-jisa dizA aura jisajisa pradezameM jAegA, usa-usa dizA aura pradezameM apane udAharaNase cAturyAmakA mahattva auroMko samajhA degaa| saba dizAoM aura saba pradezoMmeM jAkara cAturyAma dharmakA pracAra karanA usakA kartavya hote hue bhI vaha aise niyamoMmeM pha~sa jAya, to kyA vaha anucita nahIM hogA ? * dekhie, pRSTa 10 /

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100 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma mmmmmm saubhAgyase bauddha dharmameM aise niyama yA vrata nahIM haiM / isI lie vaha dharma itanA phaila gyaa| jainoMne aise vrata karake apane dharmako hI nahIM balki hinduoMkI saMskRtiko bhI saMkIrNatA pradAna kI / ' aTakake usa pAra nahIM jAnA cAhie' athavA 'samudraparyaTana nahIM karanA cAhie' jaise AtmaghAtakI niyama aise vratoMmese hI nikale / jainoM dvArA bahuta jyAdA mahattva diye jAneke kAraNa hI sambhavataH ye vrata cle| zarIra-zrama zarIra-zramako jaina aura bauddha granthoMmeM mahattva nahIM diyA gayA hai| ina sampradAyoMke sAdhu atyanta parAdhIna hote haiN| ve na to z2amIna khoda sakate haiM, na per3akI choTI-sI TahanI kATa sakate haiM, na rasoI banA sakate haiM, aura na ghara yA kuTiyA hI banA sakate haiN| ina sabhI bAtoMmeM unheM apane-apane upAsakoM yA zrAvakoMpara nirbhara rahanA par3atA hai| ina saba kAmoMmeM jo choTe-moTe prANiyoMkI hiMsA hotI hai, use gRhasthoMse karavAne para pApa nahIM lagatA, svayaM karane para hI pApa lagatA hai, aisA unake karmakANDa ( vinaya )kA mata dikhAI detA hai / ina do dharmokI avanatike jo aneka kAraNa hue, unameM yaha eka pramukha kAraNa samajhanA caahie| isase jaina sAdhuoM aura bauddha bhikSuoMmeM Alasya yA sustI zIghra hI bar3ha gaI aura ve samAjake lie bojha bana gaye / aise logoMke sampradAya rAjAoM aura amIroMkI khuzAmada kiye binA nahIM cala sakate / mahAvIra aura buddhake samayameM ye zramaNa-saMgha bahuta choTe the aura ve sAlameM ATha mahine lagAtAra pracAra-kArya karate hue ghUmate the| ataH unake mArgameM ye bandhana bAdhaka na bana ske| magara jaba yahI saMgha bar3e-bar3e vihAroM aura upAzrayoMmeM rahane lage, taba unakI sustI janasAdhAraNako mahasUsa hone lagI aura unheM rAjAoM aura dhanavAnoMpara

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zarIra-zrama 101 nirbhara rahanA par3A / ataH jaba ye saMpradAya luptaprAya hue to sarva sAmAnya logoMko unake lie vilakula duHkha nahIM huaa| IsA masIhake lagabhaga sabhI ziSya zarIrazrama karanevAle the| usa saMpradAyameM zarIrazramakA niSedha kabhI nahIM kiyA gayA / paraMtu pAdarI loga rAjAzrita banakara parigrahI ho gaye aura popasAhabane to rAjasattA hathiyAnemeM bhI AnAkAnI nahIM kii| isase IsAI dharma apriya hotA gayA aura phira use dhIre-dhIre AjakI hAlata prApta huii| __ zarIrazramako sozalisToMne atyaMta mahattva diyA hai| unakA yaha siddhAnta hai ki, 'jo kAma karegA, usIko anna milegA / ' TaoNlasTAyane isa siddhAntako dharmamArgameM caritArtha karake batAyA / apanI DhalatI umrameM likhe hue lekhoMmeM TaoNlasTAyane yaha acchI taraha vizada karake dikhAyA hai ki AdhyAtmika unnatike lie zarIrazramakI atyaMta AvazyakatA hai| yahI siddhAnta mahAtmA gA~dhIne apanI pravRttiyoMko lAgU kiyaa| itihAsase yaha bAta siddha hotI hai ki zarIrazramake binA cAturyAma dharma TikAU nahIM ho sakatA / jaba taka zarIrazrama na karanevAlA dhanikavarga aura usa vargapara jInevAle dharmopadezaka aura adhyApaka duniyAmeM maujUda haiM taba taka sAmAnya janatAke sukha-santoSakI AzA karanA vyartha hai| ye loga janataMtra, dharma Adi nAmoMse zramajIviyoMko rAstA bhulAkara yuddhakI khAImeM dhakele binA nahIM rheNge| ina AlasI logoMkA uccATana soviyata rUsakI taraha karanA hamAre lie saMbhava nahIM hai, kyoMki hamArA sAdhana zastra nahIM balki ahiMsA hai| paraMtu pracArake zastrakA prayoga hama kara sakate haiM Ara vaha zastroMse bhI adhika prabhAvakArI hotA hai|

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma itihAsakI zikSA Ajakala skUloM aura kAlejoM meM itihAsakI jI zikSA dI jAtI hai vaha bekAra hai; itanA hI nahIM balki kabhI-kabhI bAdhaka bhI hotI haiM / phalA~ rASTra yA vyaktine aise-aise parAkrama kiye / isa prakArake dilacaspa varNana par3hayA sunakara vidyArthiyoMkA gumarAha ho jAnA bilakula svAbhAvika hai / ina parAkramoMkA pariNAma kyA hai, isakA spaSTIkaraNa honA nitAMta Avazyaka hai / sikandarake netRtva meM grIka logoMne ye-ye parAkrama to kiye, para unakA pariNAma kyA huA, isakA vicAra karanA kyA z2arUrI nahIM hai ? una parAkramoMse anya dezoMko to duHkha bhugatane hI par3e, para kyA yUnAniyoMkI unase unnati huI ? kyA unakI durgatake ye hI parAkrama kAraNa nahIM hue ? yUnAniyoMne jisa sAhitya aura kalAkA nirmANa kiyA, usakA koI sambandha ina parAkramoMke sAtha nahIM thA / Aja yUnAna dezakI hAlata bahuta girI huI hai, phira bhI yUnAniyoMke pUrvajoMke sAhitya evaM kalA-kauzalakI tArIpha saba jagaha hotI hai / 102 grIkoM . ( yUnAniyoM ) ke bAda romana Ae / unhoMne lagabhaga sArA yUropa aura aphrIkAkA uttarI kinArA jIta liyA / para antameM kyA rahA ? unakA parAkramI varga pUrI taraha naSTa ho gayA aura kevala gulAma zeSa raha gaye / romana laoN ( kAnUna ) kA jo vikAsa unhoMne kiyA, usakI stuti Aja bhI sarvatra hotI hai, aura vartamAna yUropIya kAnUna usIpara AdhArita hai / parantu isa romana kAnUnakA romana logoMkI vijayake sAtha koI sambandha nahIM hai / unhoMne anya rASTroMko jItA na hotA, to bhI unakA kAnUna lokapriya huA hotA / usake bAda arvAcIna kAlameM spenakA udaya huA / parAkramI speniza logoMne udhara dakSiNa amerikA aura idhara philipIna TApuoMmeM apane

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itihAsakI zikSA 103 hAtha-pA~va phailA diye| para antameM kyA bacA ? yahI AjakalakA phainkokA spena ! aMgrez2a loga spenake logoMse Age bar3ha gaye / udhara amerikAmeM unhoMne zaktizAlI upaniveza kAyama kiyA aura lagabhaga AdhA apharIkA aura eziyAkA kAphI hissA apanI chatrachAyAmeM le liyaa| para ina sAre parAkramoMse iglaiMDakA kyA hita huA ? basa yahI ki, dhanikavarga adhika mAladAra banA aura maz2adUroMko thor3A adhika vetana mila gyaa| parantu itane-se lAbhake lie unhoMne khAnoMke rUpameM apane dezako khoda DAlA Ara duniyAke suMdara araNyoMko naSTa kara diyaa| aba kyA bacA hai ? kevala RNagrastatA! jina uttara amarIkiyoMkA ve maz2Aka ur3Ate the unhIMkA sahArA lekara unhoMne kisI taraha apane sAmrAjyako sa~bhAla rakhA hai / para yadi Apa pUchege ki isase kyA lAbha huA, to koI isakA ThIka-ThIka uttara nahIM de skegaa| nepoliyanake netRtvameM phrAnsIsiyoMne aneka parAkrama kiye; unakA sikkA samUce yUropapara jama gyaa| para natIjA kyA huA ? phrAnsIsiyoMkA hI anukaraNa karake jarmanIne phrAnsako parAsta kiyA aura Aja phrAnsa dezakI sthiti bahuta dayanIya ho gaI hai| hamAre bacapanameM marAThoMke itihAsakI bar3I carcA thI / eka rAjanItika zUra kavikI kavitAkI do paMktiyA~ isa prakAra haiM:--'tumhI te marAThe, tumhI te marAThe / tumhI cArile sarva zatrUsa kA~Te / ' (arthAt tuma vahI marAThe ho jinhoMne apane sAre duzmanoMko kA~Te khilA diye / arthAt burI taraha harA diyaa|) 'marAThe' ke sAtha 'kA~Te' kA tuka to jama gayA aura isase marAThoMko protsAhana bhI milatA hogA / para usase phAyadA kyA huA ? zatruoMko kA~Te khilAnevAle marAThe Aja kyA kara rahe haiM ?

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma bambaIkI gaMdI imAratoMmeM bhIr3a karake aura dinabhara yA kabhI kabhI rAtabhara miloMkI dama ghoMTanevAlI havAmeM kAma karake kisI taraha dina bitA rahe haiN| 'sArAMza yaha ki, zastrabalase auroMko jItakara jo apanI AjIvikA calAnA aura mauja ur3AnA cAhate haiM, unakI karatUtoMke z2aharIle phala khAnekI naubata unake vaMzajoMpara Aye binA nahIM rhtii| jaisA ki dhammapadameM kahA gayA hai, ___ madhuvA paJjatI bAlo yAva pApaM na paJcati / yadA ca paccatI pApaM (atha ) bAlo dukkhaM nigacchati // [arthAt jaba taka pApa paka nahIM jAtA tabataka vaha mUrkhako madhuke samAna mIThA lagatA hai; para jaba vaha pakva hotA hai, taba mUrkha duHkha bhogatA hai|] prAraMbhameM hiMsAtmaka parAkrama mIThe lagate haiM to bhI pariNAmataH ve atyaMta duHkhada ho jAte haiN| kisI bhI lAbhakI AzA rakhe binA dUsare dezoMmeM jAkara dhamApadeza karanekA eka mAtra udAharaNa hamAre itihAsameM prAcIna bhikSuoMkA hai| ye upadezaka pUrvake sabhI dezoMmeM gye| yahA~ hameM isakI carcA nahIM karanI hai ki unake upadezakA pariNAma kyA huA. para unake udyogase eka mahAn lAbha yaha huA ki cIna, tibbata Adi dezoMmeM hamAre sambandhameM Adara bar3ha gyaa| koI bhI kArya nirapekSatAse paropakArakI dRSTi se kiyA jAya to usakA pariNAma mIThA honA hI caahie| jarmana vaijJAnikoMne isI nirapekSa buddhise rUsiyoMkI madada kI hotI, to Aja ina do jamAtoMmeM jo baira dikhAI detA hai vaha na rahatA Ara jarmanoMko apanA guru mAnakara rUsiyoMne unakA bahuta Adara kiyA hotaa| isase donoM mahAsamara Tala jAte; itanA hI nahIM balki, saMsArake sukhameM kAphI vRddhi hotI / parantu,

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itihAsakI zikSA 105 paradukkhUpadAnena attano sukhamicchati / verasaMsaggasaMsaTTho verA so na pamuJcati // (arthAt dUsaroMko duHkha dekara jo apane sukhakI icchA karatA hai, vaha vairameM pha~sa jAtA hai, verase mukta nahIM hotaa|)yh upadeza yUropIya rASTroMko kabhI nahIM U~cA; aura usakA phala Aja unhIMko nahIM balki sArI duniyAko bhugatanA par3a rahA hai| sArAMza, hiMsA, asatya, steya evaM parigrahase kisI bhI rASTrakA hita huA ho, aisA pramANa itihAsameM nahIM miltaa| vartamAna ulajhanoM aura atyanta jaTila paristhitiyoMmeMse bAhara nikalaneke lie saba rASTroMke sAmane yahI ekamAtra upAya hai ki ve apanI nItiko isa cAturyAmakI kasauTIpara kasakara dekheM / hama zastrAstroMke dvArA hiMsAkI taiyArI kara rahe haiM yA nahIM ? anya rASTroMko Thaganeke lie hama asatyake prayoga karate haiM yA nahIM ? dUsare rASTroMko lUTakara yAnI steya dvArA hama sampatti jamA karate haiM yA nahIM ? aura hamAre parigrahake kAraNa hameM isa pApakA aura anya pApoMkA aMgIkAra karanA par3atA hai yA nahIM ? isakA vicAra sabhI rASTroMke netAoMko avazya karanA cAhie / isa cAturyAmakI kalauTIpara yadi unake kArya khare utareM to saMsArake bahuta-se duHkha dUra hoMge aura saba rASTroMmeM sukha evaM zAMtikA nivAsa hogaa| majjhima nikAyake sallekha suttameM bhagavAn buddhane kahA hai ki, " he cunda, viSama mArgameMse mukta honeke lie jaise koI sarala mArga ho, vaise hI vihiMsaka manuSyakI muktike lie avihiMsA hai....adattAdAna (corI yA lUTa) karanevAleke lie dattAdAna muktimArga hai....asatyavAdI manuSyake lie satya muktimArga hai....lobhI manuSyake lie nirlobha muktimArga hai|"

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106 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma jo nyAya yahA~ vyaktipara caritArtha hotA hai vahI samAja aura rASTrapara caritArtha hotA hai / dhArmika kasauTI cAturyAma dharmakI kasauTI hI saccI dharmakI kasauTI hai / yadi Apa dharmake lie yuddha yA adAlatoMmeM nAlizeM karane lageM to kahanA par3egA ki cAturyAma dharma Apake gale nahIM utarA hai / dharmake lie jhUTha bolakara yA vyApArI lUTa karake Apa paisA kamAne lageMge to kahanA par3egA ki Apa ina cAturyAmoMse bahuta dUra cale gaye haiM / mandira yA masjideM banAne ke lie aura unheM banAye rakhaneke lie Apa saMpattikA saMgraha karane lageM to kahanA par3egA ki Apa aparigrahakA tattva hI nahIM samajhe haiM / yahA~ koI dhanavAn hamase pUchegA ki, "ajI, Apa to garIba kulameM paidA hue haiM; ataH yaha ThIka hai ki Apako cAturyAma dharma pasanda AyA / para hamAre hAthameM kucha bhI parizrama kiye binA yaha sArI sampatti AI hai; use chor3akara hama aparigrahI baneM to kyA vaha mUrkhatA nahIM hogI ? mAna lIjie ki hama apanI saMpatti Aja hI g2arIboM meM bA~Ta deM, to kyA usase sArA samAja aparigrahI bana jAyagA ? pharka kevala yahI hogA ki hamAre sthAnapara dUsare parigrahI loga A jAe~ge / " isapara hamArA uttara yaha hai ki, yaha tarka to cora bhI peza kara sakate haiM / koI cora pUchegA ki, 'Apa mujhe corIse nivRtta hone ko kahate haiM, para kyA usase samAjameMse corIkA nAza ho jAyagA ? mere sthAnapara dUsarA koI cora A jAyagA / ' aba savAla yahI rahatA hai ki ApakI sampattikA ba~TavArA kaise kiyA jaay| use garIboMmeM bA~Ta denekI apekSA usakA upayoga samAja-kAryameM karanA acchA hogA / isa kAryakI kasauTI yahI hai ki usase samAja ahiMsaka, satyavAdI, asteyI aura aparigrahI bananA

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dhArmika kasauTI caahie| isa kasauTIpara AjakalakA dAna-dharma zAyada hI kharA utaratA hai| yaha samajhanA g2alata hai ki TrasTake dvArA lAkhoM rupaye kisI sArvajanika kAryake lie rakha denese samAjakI unnati hogii| to phira aisI saMpattikA viniyoga kaise kiyA jAya ? usakA upayoga isa taraha kiyA jAya ki jisase samAja turanta cAturyAma dharmake anusAra AcaraNa karane lge| Ajakala jo TrasTa kiye jAte haiM unase samAja kabhI aparigrahI nahIM bana sktaa| isa TUsTakI nidhiko jo byAja milatA hai vaha samAjapara eka sthAyI bojha bana jAtA hai| aura kaI jagaha TUsTI loga apane svArthake lie hI usa nidhikA istemAla kara lete haiN| rAjakoTake khyAtanAmA bairisTara zrI sItArAma nArAyaNa paMDita kahate the ki, " TrasTapara merA vizvAsa nahIM hai| TUsTake kaI mAmale maiMne adAlatameM calAe aura unameM maiMne dekhA ki TrasTake paisekA durupayoga kiyA jAtA hai| ataH maiM apane dAna-dharmameM yaha sAvadhAnI rakhatA hU~ ki sArA paisA merI jindagImeM hI acche kAmameM laga jAya / " anya loga isase sabaka sIkha sakate haiN| yadi Apa samAjako hiMsA, asatya, corI aura parigrahase chur3AnA cAhate haiM to Apa apanI sampatti -- ahiMsAmArgI sozalijma ' ke pracArake lie de deM aura aisA prabaMdha kareM ki usakA viniyoga turanta kiyA jaaygaa| sozalisTa loga hiMsAtmaka krAntiko mahattva dete haiM; aisI hAlatameM kyA unakI madada karanA cAturyAmake lie asaMgata nahIM hai ? yaha bAta sahI hai ki bahuta-se sozalisTa aMdhAnukaraNa karanevAle haiM aura unheM aisA lagatA hai ki jo bAta rUsameM huI vahI yahA~ honI cAhie, para ve pichale pacIsa varSoM meM mahAtmA gA~dhI dvArA kiye gae AndolanakA ThIka nirIkSaNa kara dekheM / yadi hamane hiMsA aura asatyakA mArga apanAyA

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108 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma hotA, to kyA alpa parizramase hamArI itanI pragati huI hotI ? sozalijma prasAra ke lie hiMsAkI AvazyakatA nahIM hai; usake lie to kisAnoM aura maz2adUroMkA saMgaThana cAhie, aura vaha pUrNatayA sanmArga se kiyA jA sakatA hai / jo koI apanI sampatti isa kAma ke lie de degA, use itanI sAvadhAnI avazya lenI cAhie ki usakA upayoga sanmArgase aura satkAryameM kiyA jAyagA / hama jaise garIba kula meM janma pAye hue logoMke lie cAturyAma dharmakA aMgIkAra karanA sulabha hai / aMdhazraddhA, vilAsa aura mAna-sammAnakI abhilASA hI hamAre mArgameM bAdhA DAlanevAle durguNa haiM / hamAre pUrvaja jina devatAoMkI pUjA karate the ve saba hiMsaka haiM / phira bhI hama kevala 1 aMdhazraddhAke kAraNa unakI bhakti kara rahe haiM / hama paise ke pIche kyoM par3e ? isIlie ki hama aura hamAre bAla-bacce mauja ur3Ae~ aura logoM meM mAnasammAna prApta kareM / cAturyAma hI hamArA devatA hai aise kisI bhI durguNake caMgulameM na pha~sakara hama garIba aura - amIra--yaha jAna leM ki cAturyAma dharma hI hamArA devatA hai, aura isake lie kAyA, vAcA, manase prayatnazIla raheM ki logoM meM isa devatAke prati bhakti bar3he aura usake dvArA loga sukha-zAMti ke sAtha rahane lageM / cAturyAma dharma hI saccA caturmukha brahmA hai aura usakI ArAdhanA meM hI hamArA tathA dUsaroMkA mokSa hai / isa cAturyAma - dharmarathake ahiMsA Adi cAra pahiye haiN| unameM kucha nyUnAdhika ho jAya yA unameM se koI pahiyA TUTa jAya to yaha dharmaratha nahIM cala sakegA / ataH kevala zraddhApara AdhAra na rakhakara ina cAra pahiyoMkA bAra bAra nirIkSaNa karake hameM aisA satata prayatna karanA cAhie ki ve avyAhata calate karmayoga hai / raheM / yahI saccA

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102 mAraNAntika sallekhanAvata ~~~~~ ~ ~~~~ ~~rom mAraNAntika sallekhanAvrata jainoMke jo aneka vrata haiM unakA cAturyAmakI abhivRddhike lie zAyada hI upayoga hotA hai| ina tapoMkA AcaraNa kiye binA cAturyAma dharmakI abhyunnati kI jA sakatI hai| ina tapoMmeMse eka hI tapa yA vrata aisA hai ki jisakA yathocita pAlana karanese vaha vyakti evaM samAjakA hita karegA / vaha hai sallekhanA vrata / vaha kevala asAdhya rogiyoM aura jarA-jarjaritoMke lie hai / amIroMko pakSAghAta yA kainsara jaisA koI asAdhya roga ho jAya to ve bichaunemeM chaTapaTAte rahate haiM aura unakI zuzrUSA aura davAke lie haz2AroM-lAkhoM rupaye kharca kiye jAte haiN| svayaM unheM aura unake riztedAroMko aisA lagatA hai ki unakA zIghra dehAnta hokara ve una yaMtraNAoMse mukta ho jAyeM / parantu aise avasaroMpara una rogiyoMko upavAsa karake rogase mukta honekI icchA nahIM hotI aura unake riztedAroMko bhI vaha mArga pasanda AegA hI, aisA nahIM kahA jA sktaa| sallekhanA vratakA mahattva yadi sarvasammata ho jAya to aise prasaMga AsAnIse TAle jA skeNge| ___ isa vratakI jAnakArI Upara A hI cukI hai* / asAdhya vyAdhi yA bur3hApeke kAraNa zarIra durbala honepara jaina sAdhu aura gRhastha mAsa-domAsa taka upavAsa karake prANa tyAga dete the| isake aneka udAharaNa Upara A cuke haiN| svayaM pArzvanAthane bhI isI vidhise sammeda zikharapara dehatyAga kiyA thaa| isakI kathA bhI Upara A cukI hai| isa vratako apanAneke lie pahalese taiyArI karanI caahie| yuvAvasthAmeM hI manuSyako aisA vicAra karanA cAhie ki merA yauvana aum..www.wommmmmmm * dekhie, pRSTha 49 / 4 dekhie, pRSTha 12 /

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pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma sthAyI nahIM hai--yA to asAdhya roga use nigala jAyagA yA bur3hApese vaha naSTa hogaa| aise avasara para mujhe khuzIse yaha zarIra mRtyuke havAle kara denA caahie| isase merA aura mere AptamitroMkA duHkha bahuta kama ho jaaygaa| isa saMzayako manameM banAye rakhanese manuSyake hAthoM bure kAma bhI nahIM hoNge| pArzvanAthase pahale Ara unake samayameM gRhastha loga vRddha honepara gRhatyAga karake araNyameM jAte aura vahA~ anazana karake prANa tyAga dete the| isakA eka udAharaNa mahAjanaka jAtakameM milatA hai| jaba janaka rAjA vRddha huA to usane gRhatyAga kiyaa| use vApasa lauTAneke aneka prayatna usakI sIvalI rAnIne kiye| paraMtu pIche na mur3akara janakane himAlayakA mArga pkdd'aa| sIvalI usake sAtha calI / antameM ve donoM eka choTe se zaharake bAhara Aye / vahA~se do rAste the / vahA~para janakane sIvalIse kahA, ayaM dvedhApatho bhadde anuciNNo pathAvihi / tesaM tvaM ekaM gaNhAhi ahamekaM punASaraM // [ arthAt he bhadre, ye do mArga haiM, jinakA anusaraNa pathika karate haiN| inameM se eka tuma le lo aura dUsarA maiM letA huuN|] yaha sunakara sIvalI behoza hokara vahIM gira par3I aura janaka himAlayake jaMgalameM cala diye| unake pIche pIche unake amAtya A rahe the| unhoMne sIvalIko hozameM lAkara usakI rakSAke lie kucha loga niyukta kara diye aura janakako khojanA zurU kiyaa| paraMtu usakA kucha bhI patA na claa| taba usa dvedhApathapara janakake smArakake lie stUpa banAkara sIvalI devIke sAtha ve mithilA lauTa aaye|

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mAraNAntika sallekhanAvata 111 pArzvanAthake pracAra kAryase isa prakAra himAlayake jaMgalameM jAnekA koI kAraNa nahIM rahA / cAhe jahA~ dehatyAga karanA saMbhava ho gyaa| udyAnameM, dharmazAlAmeM, kisI parvata zikharapara, nadIke kinAre athavA samudrake kinAre, jahA~ apanA mana prasanna rahe aise sthAnameM nivAsa karake anazanavrata karanA rogagrastoM aura jarAgrastoMke lie sulabha ho gayA / logoMkI sahAnubhUti isa vratako prApta hone lgii| Ajakala bhI jaina sAdhu aura gRhastha isa vratakA kabhI-kabhI prayoga karate haiM; para use eka vilakSaNa svarUpa prApta ho gayA hai| kisI sAdhu yA gRhasthake dvArA isa vratakA AraMbha kiye jAnekI khabara sunate hI saikar3oM jaina loga usake darzanoMke lie Ate haiM aura usa vratasthako vaha zAMti bilakula nahIM milatI jo aise avasaroMpara milanI caahie| ataH isa vratako itanA mahattva dekara usakA DhiMDhorA pITanA ucita nahIM hai| jahA~ taka ho sake; aise vratasthako zAMti milane dI jaay| yadi usake lie bhUkhakI vedanAe~ asahya ho jAya~ to kyA kiyA jAya ? use davA yA iMjekzana denA jaina loga anucita samajhate haiM / para mere manameM use zAMta rakhaneke lie z2arUrI auSadha-upacAra kiye jAne caahie| aba hama isakA vicAra kareM ki isa vratase samAjako kyA lAbha pahu~ca sakatA hai| asAdhya roga aura jarAse mukta honeke lie isa vratakA AcaraNa Ama bAta ho jAya to usake kAraNa samAjakA kAfI kharca baca jAegA / Aja aise rogagrasta amIroM aura garIboMpara samAjakA bahuta-sA paisA kharca hotA hai| phira bhI aise logoMko mAra DAlanA samAjake lie saMbhava nahIM haiM / amIroMko unake gharameM aura garIboMko aspatAlameM takalIpha bhugataneke lie rahane denA par3atA hai| kuSTha rogiyoMko to jabardastI samAjase dUra rakhakara unake pAlana-poSaNakA

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112 pArzvanAthakA cAturyAma dharma sArA bhAra samAjako uThAnA par3atA hai| aise rogI evaM jarA jarjarita vyakti svecchAse anazanavratakA svIkAra kareM to isameM zaka nahIM ki samAjakA bojha kama hogA / aura aise loga lupta ho jAya~ to samAja bhI praphullita hogaa| upasaMhAra cAturyAma dharmakA udgama RSi-muniyoMke ahiMsA-dharmameMse huA aura pArzvanAthane use pracalita kiyaa| buddhane usameM samAdhi evaM prajJAko jor3akara usakA vikAsa kiyaa| IsA masIhane yahUdiyoMke yahovA (jehovA) ke AdhArapara isI dharmakA pracAra pazcimameM kiyaa| usameM zarIrazramako jor3akara satyAgrahake rUpameM rAjanItika kSetrameM bhI vaha kaise prabhAvazAlI kiyA jA sakatA hai, yaha mahAtmA TaoNlasTAyane vizada karake dikhAyA; aura mahAtmA gA~dhIne usake pratyakSa prayoga karake yaha dikhalA diyA ki vaha saphala ho sakatA hai| ataH pArzvanAtha, buddha, IsA, TaoNlasTAya aura gA~cI isa cAturyAma dharmake mArgadarzaka haiM / yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki unake parizrama pUrNatayA saphala hue haiM / jaina, bauddha evaM IsAI logoMmeM bhI hiMsAdharmapara zraddhA rakhanevAloMkI saMkhyA bahuta bar3I hai; aura unheM unhIMkA dharma samajhA denA asaMbhava ho gayA hai| phira bhI nirAza honekA koI kAraNa nahIM hai; kyoMki hamArA yaha dRr3ha vizvAsa hai ki isa cAturyAma dharmakA sarvatopari vikAsa karanevAle bahuta-se zAstA (netA) bhaviSyameM paidA hoNge| hama aisI prArthanA karate haiM ki aise netA bAra bAra paidA hoM aura unake satkarmoMse sArA mAnava-samAja unnata sthiti taka pahu~ca jaae| eseedom / samApta