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________________ kucha pAribhASika zabda (1) lezyA ' 1-lezyA ke (ka) dravya aura (kha) bhAva, isa prakAra do bheda haiN| (ka) dravyalezyA, pudgala-vizeSAtmaka hai| isake svarUpa ke saMbandha meM mukhyatayA tIna mata haiM--(1) karmavargaNA-niSpanna, (2) karma-niSyanda aura (3) yogapariNAma / pahale mata kA yaha mAnanA hai ki lezyA dravya, karma-vargaNA se bane hue haiM; phira bhI ve ATha karma se bhinna hI haiM, jaisA ki kArmaNazarIra / yaha mata uttarA. dhyayana, a0 34 kI TIkA, pR0 650 para ullikhita hai| dUsare mata kA Azaya yaha hai ki lezyA-dravya, karma-niSyaMdarUpa ( badhyamAna karmapravAharUpa ) hai / caudahaveM guNasthAna meM karma ke hone para bhI usakA niSyanda na hone se lezyA ke abhAva kI upapati ho jAtI hai| yaha mata ukta pRSTha para hI nirdiSTa hai, jisako TIkAkAra vAdivaitAla zrI zAntisUri ne 'guravastu vyAcakSate' kahakara likhA hai| tIsarA mata zrI haribhadrasUri Adi kA hai / isa mata kA zrAzaya zrI malayagirijI ne pannavaNA pada 17 kI TIkA, pR0330 para spaSTa batalAyA hai| ve lezyA-dravya ko yogavargaNA antargata svatantra dravya mAnate haiM / upAdhyAya zrIvinayavijayajI ne apane Agama dohanarUpa lokaprakAza, sarga 3, zloka 285 meM isa mata ko hI grAhya ThaharAyA hai| kha) bhAvalezyA, zrAtmA kA pariNAma-vizeSa hai, jo saMkleza aura yoga se anugata hai / saMkleza ke tIvra, tIvratara, tInatama, manda, mandatara, mandatama Adi aneka bheda hone se vastutaH bhAvalezyA, asaMkhya prakAra kI hai tathApi saMkSepa meM chaha vibhAga karake zAstra meM usakA svarUpa dikhAyA hai| dekhiye, cauthA karmagrantha, gA0 13 vIM / chaha bhedoM kA svarUpa samajhane ke lie zAstra meM nIce likhe do dRSTAnta diye gae haiM. (1)-koI chaha puruSa jambUphala ( jAmuna ) khAne kI icchA karate hue cale jA rahe the, itane meM jambU vRkSa ko dekha unameM se eka puruSa bolA- lIjie,
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________________ 268 jaina dharma aura darzana jambUvRkSa to zrA gayA / aba phaloM ke lie Upara car3hane kI apekSA phaloM se ladI huI bar3I-bar3I zAkhAvAle isa vRkSa ko kATa girAnA hI acchA hai / ' yaha sunakara dUsare ne kahA - ' vRkSa kATane se kyA lAbha ? kevala zAkhAoM ko kATa do / ' tIsare puruSa ne 'kahA - 'yaha bhI ThIka nahIM, choTI-choTI zAkhAoM ke kATa lene se bhI to kAma nikAlA jA sakatA hai ?' cauthe ne kahA- 'zAkhAe~ bhI kyoM kATanA 1 phaloM ke gucchoM ko tor3a lIjie / ' pA~cavA~ bolA- 'gucchoM se kyA prayojana ? unameM se kucha phaloM ko hI le lenA acchA hai / ' anta meM chaThe puruSa ne kahA- 'ye saba vicAra nirarthaka haiM; kyoMki hamaloga jinheM cAhate haiM, ve phala to nIce bhI gire hue haiM, kyA unhIM se apanA prayojanasiddha nahIM ho sakatA hai ? ( 2 ) - koI chaha puruSa dhana lUTane ke irAde se jA rahe the| rAste meM kisI gA~va ko pAkara unameM se eka bolA- 'isa gA~va ko tahasa-nahasa kara do-manuSya, pazu, pakSI, jo koI mile, unheM mAro aura dhana lUTa lo / ' yaha sunakara dUsarA bolA --- pazu, pakSI zrAdi ko kyoM mAranA ? kevala virodha karane vAle manuSyoM hI ko mAro / ' tIsare ne kahA- 'becArI striyoM kI hatyA kyoM karanA ? puruSoM ko mAra do / ' cauthe ne kahA- saba puruSoM ko nahIM; jo sazastra hoM, unhIM ko maaro|' pA~caveM ne kahA--' jo sazastra puruSa bhI virodha nahIM karate, unheM kyoM mAranA / ' anta meM chaThe puruSa ne kahA--'kisI ko mArane se kyA lAbha? jisa prakAra se dhana apaharaNa kiyA jA sake, usa prakAra se use uThA lo aura kisI ko mAro mt| eka to dhana lUTanA aura dUsare usake mAlikoM ko mAranA yaha ThIka nahIM / ' ina do dRSTAntoM se lezyAoM kA svarUpa spaSTa jAnA jAtA hai / pratyeka dRSTAnta ke chaha-chaha puruSoM meM pUrva-pUrva puruSa ke pariNAmoM kI apekSA uttara-uttara puruSa ke pariNAma zubha, zubhatara aura zubhatama pAe jAte haiM / uttara-uttara puruSa ke pariNAmoM meM saMkleza kI nyUnatA aura mRdutA kI adhikatA pAI jAtI hai / prathama puruSa ke pariNAma ko 'kRSNalezyA' dUsare ke pariNAma ko 'nIlalezyA', isa prakAra krama se chaThe puruSa ke pariNAma ko 'zuklalezyA' samajhanA cAhie / - Avazyaka hAribhadrI vRtti pR0 205 tathA lokaprakAza, sa0 3, zlo363-380 / D
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________________ lezyA 296 lezyA-dravya ke svarUpa saMbandhI ukta tInoM mata ke anusAra terahaveM guNasthAna paryanta bhAva-lezyA kA sadbhAva samajhanA caahie| yaha siddhAnta gommaTasAra-jIva kANDa ko bhI mAnya hai; kyoMki usameM yoga-pravRtti ko lezyA kahA hai / yathA 'ayadotti chalessAo, suhatiyalessA du desaviradatiye tatto sukkA lessA, ajogiThANaM alessaM tu / 531 // ' sarvArthasiddhi meM aura gommaTasAra ke sthAnAntara meM kaSAyodaya-anuraJjita yogapravRtti ko lezyA' kahA hai / yadyapi isa kathana se dasave guNasthAna paryanta hI lezyA kA honA pAyA jAtA hai, para yaha kathana apekSA-kRta hone ke kAraNa pUrva kathana se viruddha nahIM hai| pUrva kathana meM kevala prakRti-pradeza bandha ke nimittabhUta pariNAma lezyArUpa se vivakSita haiN| aura isa kathana meM sthiti-anubhAga Adi cAroM bandhoM ke nimittabhUta pariNAma lezyArUpa se vivakSita haiM; kevala prakRti-pradeza bandha ke. nimittabhUta pariNAma nahIM / yathA__ 'bhAvalezyA kaSAyodayaraJjitA yoga-pravRttiriti kRtvA audyikiityucyte|' -sarvArthasiddhi-adhyAya 2, sUtra 6 / 'jogapa uttI lessA, kasAyaudayANuraMjiyA hoi / tatto dopaNaM kajaM, baMdhacaukaM samuhiM // 486| -jIvakANDa / dravyalezyA ke varNa-gandha Adi kA vicAra tathA bhAvalezyA ke lakSaNa Adi kA vicAra uttarAdhyayana, a0 34 meM hai / isake lie prazApanA-lezyApada, Avazyaka, lokaprakAza Adi Akara graMtha zvetAmbara-sAhitya meM hai / ukta do dRSTAMtoM meM se pahalA dRSTAMta, jIvakANDa gA0 506-507 meM hai| lezyA kI kucha vizeSa bAteM jAnane ke lie jIvakANDa kA lezyA mArgaNAdhikAra ( gA0 488555 ) dekhane yogya hai| jIvoM ke Antarika bhAvoM kI malinatA tathA pavitratA ke tara-tama-bhAva kA sUcaka, lezyA kA vicAra, jaisA jaina zAstra meM hai; kucha usI ke samAna, chaha jAtiyoM kA vibhAga, maGkhalIgosAla putra ke mata meM hai, jo karma kI zuddhi-azuddhi ko lekara kRSNa nIla Adi chaha varSoM ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai / isakA varNana, 'dIghanikAya-sAmaJaphalasutta' meM hai / 'mahAbhArata ke 12, 286 meM bhI chaha 'jIva-varNa diye haiM, jo ukta vicAra se kucha milate-julate haiN| 'pAtaJjalayogadarzana' ke 4,7 meM bhI aisI kalpanA hai; kyoMki usameM karma ke
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________________ jaina dharma aura darzana cAra vibhAga karake jIvoM ke bhAvoM kI zuddhi-azuddhi kA pRthakkaraNa kiyA hai| isake lie dekhie, dIghanikAya kA marAThI-bhASAntara, pR0 56 / (2) 'paJcendriya jIva ke ekendriya Adi pA~ca bheda kiye gaye haiM, so dravyendriya ke AdhArapara; kyoMki bhAvendriyA~ to sabhI saMsArI jIvoM ko pA~coM hotI haiM / yathA'ahavA paDacca laddhiMdiyaM pipaMceMdiyA savve // RREE' -vizeSAvazyaka / arthAt labdhIndriya kI apekSA se sabhI saMsArI jIva paJcandriya haiM / 'paMcediu bva baulo, naro vva svv-visovlNbhaao|' ityAdi vizeSAvazyaka-3001 arthAt saba viSaya kA jJAna hone kI yogyatA ke kAraNa bakula-vRkSa manuSya kI taraha pA~ca indriyoMvAlA hai / __yaha ThIka hai ki dvIndriya Adi kI bhAvendriya, ekendriya Adi kI bhAvendriya se uttarottara vyakta-vyaktatara hI hotI hai| para isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki jinako dravyendriyA~, pA~ca, pUrI nahIM haiM, unheM bhI bhAvendriyA~ to sabhI hotI hI haiN| yaha bAta Adhunika vijJAna se bhI pramANita hai| DA. jagadIzacandra basu kI khojane vanaspati meM smaraNazakti kA astitva siddha kiyA hai| smaraNa, jo ki mAnasazakti kA kArya hai, vaha yadi ekendriya meM pAyA jAtA hai to phira umameM anya indriyoM, jo ki mana se nIce kI zreNi kI mAnI jAtI haiM, unake hone meM koI bAdhA nhiiN| indriya ke saMbadha meM prAcIna kAla meM vizeSa-darzI mahAtmAoM ne bahuta vicAra kiyA hai, jo aneka jaina graMthoM meM upalabdha hai| usakA kucha aMza isa prakAra hai__indriyA~ do prakAra kI haiM - (1) dravyarUpa aura (2) bhAvarUpa / dravyendriya, pudgala-janya hone se jaDa rUpa hai; para bhAvendriya, jJAnarUpa hai, kyoMki vaha cetanAzakti kA paryAya hai| (1 davyendriya, aGgopAGga aura nirmANa nAmakarma ke udaya-janya hai / isake do bheda haiM:--(ka) nirvRtti aura (kha) upakaraNa / (ka) indriya ke AkAra kA nAma 'nirvRti' hai| nirvRtti ke bhI (1) bAhya
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________________ paMcendriya aura (2) aAbhyantara, ye do bheda haiN| (1) indriya ke bAhya AkAra ko 'bAhyanivRtti' kahate haiM aura (2) bhItarI AkAra ko 'zrAbhyantaranitti' / bAhya bhAga talavAra ke samAna hai aura abhyantara bhAga talavAra kI teja dhAra ke samAna, jo atyanta svaccha paramANuoM kA banA huA hotA hai / aAbhyAntaranirvRtti kA yaha pudgalamaya svarUpa prajJApanAsUtra-indriyapada kI TIka pR0 26 ke anusAra hai| prAcA. rAGgavatti pR0 104 meM usakA svarUpa cetanAmaya batalAyA hai| AkAra ke saMbandha meM yaha bAta jAnanI cAhie ki tvacA kI prAkRti aneka prakAra kI hotI hai, para usake bAhya aura Abhyantara AkAra meM judAI nahIM hai / kisI prANI kI tvacA kA jaisA bAhya prAkAra hotA hai, vaisA hI Abhyantara aAkAra hotA hai| parantu anya indriyoM ke viSaya meM aisA nahIM hai tvacA ko chor3a anya saba indriyoM ke prAbhyantara yAkAra, bAhya AkAra se nahIM milte| saba jAti ke prANiyoM ko sajAtIya indriyoM ke Abhyantara AkAra, eka taraha ke mAne hue haiN| jaisekAna kA Abhyantara AkAra, kadamba-puSpa-jaisA, A~kha ke masUra ke dAnA-jaisA, nAka kA atimuktaka ke phUla jaisA aura jIbhakA churA-jaisA hai| kintu bAhya AkAra, saba jAti meM bhinna-bhinna dekhe jAte haiN| udAharaNArtha:--manuSya hAthI, ghor3A, baila, billI, cUhA Adi ke kAna, A~kha, nAka, jIbha ko dekhie / (kha) aAbhyantaranivRtti kI viSaya-grahaNa-zakti ko 'upakaraNendriya' kahate haiN| (2) bhAvendriya do prakAra kI haiM--(1) labdhirUpa aura (2) upayogarUpa / (1) matizAnAvaraNa ke kSayopazama ko-cetana-zakti kI yogyatA-vizeSa ko --'labdhirUpa bhAvendriya' kahate haiM / (2) isa labdhirUpa bhAvendriya ke anusAra AtmA kI viSaya-grahaNa meM jo pravRtti hotI hai, use 'upayogarUpa bhAvendriya kahate haiM / ___ isa viSaya ko vistArapUrvaka jAnane ke lie prajJApanA-pada 15, pR0 263; tattvArtha-adhyAya 2, sU017-18 tathA vRtti; vizeSAva0, gA0 2663-3003 tathA lokaprakAza-sarga 3; zloka 464 se Age dekhanA caahie| (3) 'saMjJA' saMjJA kA matalaba aAbhoga (mAnasika-kriyA-vizeSa) se hai / isake (ka) jJAna aura (kha) anubhava, ye do bheda haiM /
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________________ jaina dharma aura darzana (ka) mati, zruta zrAdi pA~ca prakAra kA jJAna 'jJAnasaMzA hai / (kha) anubhavasaMjJA ke (1) AhAra, (2) bhaya, (3) maithuna, (4) parigraha, (5) krodha, (6) mAna, (7) mAyA, (8) lobha, (6) zrodha, (10) loka, (11) moha, (12) dharma, (13) sukha, (14) duHkha, (15) jugupsA aura (16) zoka, ye solaha bheda haiN| AcArAGga-niyukti, gA0 38-36 meM to anubhavasaMjJA ke ye solaha bheda kiye gae haiN| lekina bhagavatI-zataka 7, uddezya 8 meM tathA prajJApanA-pada 8 meM inameM se pahale dasa hI bheda nirdiSTa haiN| ye saMjJAe~ saba jIvoM meM nyUnAdhika pramANameM pAI jAtI haiM; isalie ye saMziasaMjJi-vyavahAra kI niyAmaka nahIM haiN| zAstra meM saMzi-asaMjJi kA bheda hai, so anya saMjJAoM kI apekSA se / ekendriya se lekara paJcendriya paryanta ke jIvoM meM caitanya kA vikAsa kramaza; adhikAdhika hai| isa vikAsa ke tara-tama-bhAva ko samajhAne ke lie zAstra meM isake sthUla rIti para cAra vibhAga kiye gae haiM / (1) pahale vibhAga meM jJAna kA atyanta alpa vikAsa vivakSita hai| yaha vikAsa, itanA alpa hai ki isa vikAsa se yukta jIva, machita kI taraha ceSTArahita hote haiN| isa adhyaktatara caitanya ko 'zrodhasaMjJA' kahI gaI hai| ekendriya jIva, aoghasaMjJAvAle hI haiN| (2) dUsare vibhAga meM vikAsa kI itanI mAtrA vivakSita hai ki jisase kucha bhUtakAla kA sudIrgha bhUtakAla kA nahIM-smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai aura jisase iSTa viSayoM meM pravRtti tathA aniSTa viSayoM se nivRtti hotI hai| isa pravRtti-nivRttikArI jJAna ko 'hetuvAdopadezikI saMjJA' kahA hai| dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya aura sammUchima paJcendriya jIva, hetuvAdopadezikIsaMjJAvAle haiN| (3) tIsare vibhAga meM itanA vikAsa vivakSita hai jisase sudIrgha bhUtakAla meM anubhava kiye hue viSayoM kA smaraNa aura smaraNa dvArA vartamAnakAla ke kartavyoM kA nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai / yaha jJAna viziSTa mana kI sahAyatA se hotA hai / isa jJAna ko dIrghakAlopadezakI saMjJA kahA hai / deva, nAraka aura garbhaja manuSya-tiryaJca, dIrghakAlopadezikI saMjJAvAle haiN| (4) cauthe vibhAga meM viziSTa zrutajJAna vivakSita hai| yaha jJAna itanA zuddha hotA hai ki samyaktviyoM ke sivAya anya jIvoM meM isakA saMbhava nahIM hai| isa vizuddha jJAna ko 'dRSTivAdopadezikI saMjJA' kahA hai| zAstra meM jahA~-kahIM saMjJI-asaMjJI kA ullekha hai, vahA~ saba jagaha asaMjI kA matalaba aoghasaMjJAvAle aura hetuvAdopadeziko saMzAvAle jIvoM se hai / tathA saMjJI kA matalaba saba jagaha dIrghakAlopadezikI saMjJA vAloM se hai /
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________________ paryApta 303 isa viSaya kA vizeSa vicAra tattvArtha zra0 2, sU0 25 vRtti, nandI sU0 36, vizeSAvazyaka gA0 504-526 aura lokapra0, sa0 3, zlo0 442-463 meM hai / -zI ke vyavahAra ke viSaya meM digambara-sampradAya meM zva etAmbara ko apekSA thor3A sA bheda hai / usameM garbhaja - tiryaJcoM ko saMjJImAtra na mAnakara saMjhI tathA asaMjJI mAnA hai / isI taraha saMmUcchiga tiryaJca ko sirpha saMzI na mAnakara saMjJI - zrasaMjJI ubhayarUpa mAnA hai / ( jIva0, gA0 76 ) isake sivAya yaha bAta dhyAna dene yogya hai ki zvetAmbara-granthoM meM hetuvAdopadezikI yadi jo tIna saMjJAe~ varNita haiM, unakA vicAra digambarIya prasiddha granthoM meM dRSTigocara nahIM hotA / ( 4 ) 'aparyApta ' (ka) aparyApta ke do prakAra haiM: --- (1) labdhi- aparyApta aura (2) karaNa paryApta vaise hI (kha) paryAsa ke bhI do bheda haiM: - (1) labdhi paryApta aura ( 2 ) karaNa- paryApta / (ka) 1 - jo jIva, aparyAptanAmakarma ke udaya ke kAraNa aisI zaktivAle hoM, jisase ki svayogya paryAtiyoM ko pUrNa kiye binA hI mara jAte haiM, ve 'labdhiparyApta haiN| 1 2- parantu karaNa - aparyApta ke viSaya meM yaha bAta nahIM, ve paryAsanAmakarma ke bhI udayavAle hote haiM / arthAt cAhe paryAsanAmakarma kA udaya ho yA paryAptanAmakarma kA, para jaba taka karaNoM kI (zarIra, indriya Adi paryAptiyoM kI) samApti na ho, taba taka jIva 'karaNa paryApta' kahe jAte haiM / (kha) 1 - jinako paryAptanAmakarma kA udaya ho aura isase jo svayogya paryAtiyoM ko pUrNa karane ke bAda hI marate haiM, pahale nahIM, ve 'labdhi paryApta' haiM / 2 - karaNa paryAptoM ke lie yaha niyama nahIM ki ve svayogya paryAptiyoMko pUrNa karake hI marate haiM / jo labdhi aparyApta haiM, ve bhI karaNa paryApta hote hI haiM; kyoMki hAraparyApta bana cukane ke bAda kama se kama zarIraparyApti bana jAtI hai, tabhI se jIva 'karaNa-paryAsa' mAne jAte haiM / yaha to niyama hI hai ki labdhi aparyApta bhI kama se kama prahAra, zarIra aura indriya, ina tIna paryAptiyoM ko pUrNa kiye binA marate nahIM / isa niyama ke saMbandha meM zrImalayagirijI ne nandIsUtra kI TIkA, pR0 105 meM yaha likhA hai
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________________ 304 jaina dharma aura darzana . 'yasmAdAgAmibhavAyurvadhvA niyante sarva eva dehinaH taccAhAra-zarIrendriyaprAptiparyAptAnAmeva badhyata iti' ' arthAt sabhI prANI agale bhava kI Ayu ko bA~dhakara hI marate haiM, binA bA~dhe nahIM marate / zrAyu tabhI bA~dhI jA sakatI hai, jaba ki AhAra, zarIra aura indriya, ye tIna paryAptiyA~ pUrNa bana cukI hoN| - isI bAta kA khulAsA zrIvinayavijayajI ne lokaprakAza, saga 3, zlo. 31 meM isa prakAra kiyA hai--jo jIva labdhi aparyApta hai, vaha bhI pahalI tIna paryAptiyoM ko pUrNa karake hI agrima bhava kI Ayu bA~dhatA hai / antamuhUrta taka Ayu. bandha karake phira usakA jaghanya avadhAkAla, jo antarmuhUrta kA mAnA gayA hai, use vaha bitAtA hai; usake bAda mara kara vaha gatyantara meM jA sakatA hai| jo agrima Ayu ko nahIM bA~dhatA aura usake abAdhAkAla ko pUrA nahIM karatA, vaha mara hI nahIM sktaa| digambara-sAhitya meM karaNa-aparyApta ke badale 'nivRtti aparyAptaka' zabda milatA hai / artha meM bhI thor3A sA pharka hai / 'nivRtti' zabda kA artha zarIra hI kiyA huA hai / ataeva zarIraparyAptipUrNa na hone taka hI digambarIya sAhitya, jIva ko nirvati aparyApta kahatA hai ! zarIra payAptipUrNa hone ke bAda vaha, nivRtti-apayaryAta kA vyavahAra karane kI sammati nahIM detA / yathA--- 'pajattassa ya udaye, NiyaNiyapajjattiNihido hodi / jAva sarIramapura NivvattiapuNAMgo tAva // 120 // ' -jIvakANDa / sArAMza yaha ki digambara-sAhitya meM paryApta nAma karma kA udaya vAlA hI zarIra-paryApti pUrNa na hone taka 'nivRtti-aparyApta' zabda se abhimata hai / parantu zvetAmbarIya sAhitya meM 'karaNa' zabda kA zarIra indriya zrAdi paryAptiyA~'-- itanA artha kiyA huA milatA hai / yathA-- ___ 'karaNAni shriiraakssaadiini|' -lokapra0, sa0 3, zlo0 10 / zrataeva zvetAmbarIya sampradAya ke anusAra jisane zarIra-paryApti pUrNa kI hai, para indriya-paryApti pUrNa nahIM kI hai, vaha bhI 'karaNa-paryApta' kahA jA sakatA hai / arthAta zarIra rUpa karaNa pUrNa karane se 'karaNa-paryApta aura indriya rUpa karaNa pUrNa na karane se 'karaNa-aparyApta' kahA jA sakatA hai / isa prakAra zvetAmbarIya
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________________ 20 paryApti kA svarUpa 305 sampradAya kI dRSTi se zarIra paryApti se lekara manaHparyApti paryanta pUrva-pUrva paryApti ke pUrNa hone para 'karaNa- paryApta' aura uttarottara paryApti ke pUrNa na hone se 'karaNaparyApta' kaha sakate haiM / parantu jaba jIva, svayogya sampUrNa paryAptiyoM ko pUrNa kara le, taba use 'karaNa-aparyApta nahIM kaha sakate / pirtA kAya svarUpa -- paryApti, vaha zakti hai, jisake dvArA jIva, AhAra-zvAsocchvAsa Adi ke yogya pudgaloM ko grahaNa karatA hai aura gRhIta pudgaloM ko AhAra Adi rUpa meM pariNata karatA hai / aisI zakti jIva meM pudgaloM ke upacaya se banatI haiM / arthAta jisa prakAra peTa ke bhItara ke bhAga meM vartamAna pudgaloM meM eka taraha kI zakti hotI hai, jisase ki khAyA huA AhAra bhinna-bhinna rUpa meM badala jAtA hai; isI prakAra janma sthAna prApta jIva ke dvArA gRhIta pudgaloM se aisI zakti bana jAtI hai, jo ki AhAra Adi pudgaloM ko khala-rasa Adi rUpa meM badala detI hai / vahI zakti paryApti hai / paryAptijanaka pudgaloM meM se kucha to aise hote haiM, jo ki janmasthAna meM Aye hue jIva ke dvArA prathama samaya meM hI grahaNa kiye jAkara, pUrva-gRhIta pudgaloM ke saMsarga se tadrUpa ba hue hote haiM / kArya-bheda se paryApta ke chaha bheda haiM--- 1) zrAhAraparyApti, (2) zarIraparyApti, (3) indriya-paryApti, (4) zvAsocchvAsaparyApti, (5) bhASAparyApti aura (6) manaHparyApti / inakI vyAkhyA, pahale karmagrantha kI 49 vIM gAthA ke bhAvArtha meM pR0 67 veM se dekha lenI cAhie / ina chaha paryAptiyoM meM se pahalI cAra paryAptiyoM ke adhikArI ekendriya hI haiN| dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya aura saMjJi - paJcendriya jIva, manaH paryApti ke sivAya zeSa pA~ca paryAptiyoM ke adhikArI haiN| saMzi- paJcendriya jIva chaho paryAptiyoM ke adhikArI haiM / isa viSaya kI gAthA, zrI jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa- kRta bRhatsagrahaNI meM hai 'zrAhArasarIridiya pajjattI ANapANabhAsamaNo / cattAri paMca chappiya, egiMdiyavigalasaMnIyaM ||346 // ' yahI gAthA gommaTasAra-jIvakANDa meM 118 veM nambara para darja hai / prastuta viSaya kA vizeSa svarUpa jAnane ke lie ye sthala dekhane yogya haiM- nandI, pR0 104 - 105 paJcasaM0, dvA0 1, gA0 5 vRtti; lokapra0, sa0 3 zlo0 7-42 tathA jIvakAeDa, paryApti adhikAra, gA0 117- 127 /
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________________ jaina dharma aura darzana (5) 'upayoga kA saha-kramabhAva' chadmastha ke upayoga kramabhAvI haiM, isameM matabheda nahIM hai, para kevalI ke upayoga ke saMbandha meM mukhya tIna pakSa haiM (1) siddhAnta-pakSa. kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana ko kramabhAvI mAnatA hai / isake samarthaka zrI jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa Adi haiN| . (2) dUsarA pakSa kevalajJAna kevaladarzana, ubhaya upayoga ko sahabhAvI mAnatA hai| isake poSaka zrI mallavAdI tArkika Adi haiN| (3) tIsarA pakSa, ubhaya upayogoM kA bheda na mAnakara unakA aikya mAnatA hai / isake sthApaka zrI siddhasena divAkara haiM / tInoM pakSoM kI kucha mukhya mukhya dalIleM kramazaH nIce dI jAtI haiM 1-(ka) siddhAnta (bhagavatI-zataka 18 aura 25 ke 6 uddezya, tathA prajJApanA pada 30 ) meM jJAna-darzana donoM kA alaga-alaga kathana hai tathA unakA kramabhAvitva spaSTa varNita hai / (kha) niyukti (prA. ni. gA0 677-676) meM keva. lazAna-kevaladarzana donoM kA bhinna-bhinna lakSaNa unake dvArA sarva-viSayaka jJAna tathA darzana kA honA aura yugapat do upayogoM kA niSedha spaSTa batalAyA hai / (ga) kevalajJAna-kevaladarzana ke bhinna-bhinna AvaraNa aura upayogoM kI Araha saMkhyA zAstra meM (prajApanA 26, pR0 535 zrAdi) jagaha-jagaha varNita hai / (gha) kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana, ananta kahe jAte haiM, so labdhi kI apekSA se upayoga kI apekSA se nhiiN| upayoga kI apekSA se unakI sthiti eka samaya kI hai; kyoMki upayoga kI apekSA se anantatA zAstra meM kahIM bhI pratipAdita nahIM hai| (Ga) upayogoM kA svabhAva hI aisA hai, jisase ki ve kramazaH pravRtta hote haiM / isalie kevala jJAna aura kevaladarzana ko kramabhAvI aura alaga-alaga mAnanA caahie| 2--(ka) AvaraNa kSayarUpa nimitta aura sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka viSaya, samakAlIna hone se kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana yugapat hote haiN| (kha) chAdmasthika-upayogoM meM kAryakAraNabhAva yA paraspara pratibandhya-pratibandhaka bhAva ghaTa sakatA hai, kSAyika-upayogoM meM nahIM; kyoMki bodha-svabhAva zAzvata aAtmA, jaba nirAvaraNa ho, taba usake donoM kSAyika-upayoga nirantara hI hone caahie| (ga) kevalajJAna-kevaladarzana kI sAdi-aparyavasitatA, jo zAstra meM kahI hai, vaha bhI yugapat-pakSa meM hI ghaTa sakatI hai kyoMki isa pakSa meM donoM upayoga yugapat aura nirantara hote rahate haiN| isalie dravyArthikanaya se upayoga-dvaya ke pravAha ko aparyavasita (ananta ) kahA jA sakatA hai / (gha) kevalajJAna-kevaladarzana ke saMbandha meM siddhAnta meM jahA~
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________________ upayoga kA saha-kramabhAva 300 kahIM jo kucha kahA gayA hai, vaha saba donoM ke vyakti-bheda kA sAdhaka hai, krama bhAvitvakA nhiiN| isalie donoM upayoga ko sahabhAvI mAnanA cahie / 3-(ka) jaise sAmagrI milane para eka jJAna-paryAya meM aneka ghaTa-paTayadi viSaya bhAsita hote hai, vaise hI AvaraNa-kSaya, viSaya Adi sAmagrI milane para eka hI kevala upayoga, padArthoM ke sAmAnya-vizeSa ubhaya svarUpa ko jAna sakatA hai| (kha) jaise kevala jJAna ke samaya, matijJAnAvaraNAdi kA abhAva hone para bhI mati Adi jJAna, kevala jJAna se alaga nahIM mAne jAte, vaise hI kevala darzanAvaraNa kA kSaya hone para bhI kevaladarzana ko, kevalajJAna se alaga mAnanA ucita nhiiN| (ga) viSaya aura kSayopazama kI vibhinnatA ke kAraNa, chAdmasthika jJAna aura darzana meM paraspara bheda mAnA jA sakatA hai, para ananta-viSayakatA aura kSAyika-bhAva samAna hone se kevalajJAna kevaladarzana meM kisI taraha bheda nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| (gha) yadi kevaladarzana ko kevalajJAna se alaga mAnA jAe to vaha sAmAnyamAtra ko viSaya karanevAlA hone se alpa-viSayaka siddha hogA, jisase usakA zAstrakathita ananta-viSayakatva nahIM ghaTa sakegA / (Ga) kevalI kA bhASaNa, kevalajJAnakevaladarzana pUrvaka hotA hai, yaha zAstra kathana abheda-pakSa hI meM pUrNatayA ghaTa sakatA hai| (ca) AvaraNa-bheda kathaJcit hai; arthAta vastutaH prAvaraNa eka hone para bhI kArya aura upAdhi-bheda kI apekSA se usake bheda samajhane cAhie isalie eka upayoga-vyakti meM jJAnatva-darzanatva do dharma alaga-alaga mAnanA cAhie / upayoga, jJAna-darzana do alaga-alaga mAnanA yukta nahIM; ataeva jJAna-darzana donoM zabda paryAyamAtra (ekArthavAcI) haiN| upAdhyAya zrIyazovijayajI ne apane jJAnabindu pR0 164 meM naya-dRSTi se tInoM pakSoM kA samanvaya kiyA hai. siddhAnta-pakSa, zuddha RjusUtra naya kI apekSA se; zrI mallabAdIjI kA pakSa, vyavahAra-naya kI apekSA se aura zrIsiddhasena divAkara kA pakSa saMgrahanaya kI apekSA se jAnanA cAhie / isa vivaSa kA savistara varNana, sammatitarka; jIvakANDa gA0 3 se Age; vizeSAvazyaka bhASya, gA. 30883135, zrIharibhadrasUri kRta dharmasaMgrahaNI gA0 1336-1356; zrIsiddhasenagaNikRta tattvArtha TIkA a0 1, sU0 31, pR0 1% zrImalayagiri-nandIvRtti pR0 134138 aura jJAnabindu pR0 154-164 se jAna lenA caahie| digambara-sampradAya meM ukta tIna pakSa meM se dUsarA arthAt yugapat upayogadvaya kA pakSa hI prasiddha hai-- "jugavaM vai gANaM, kevalaNANissa daMsaNaM ca thaa| diyarapayAsatApaM, jadda vaTTai taha muNeyavvaM // 16 // ' -niyamasAra /
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________________ 308 jaina dharma aura darzana 'siddhA siddhagaI, kevalagANaM ca daMsaNaM khayiyaM / sammattamaNAhAraM, ubajoga rakama uttI ||730|| 'daMsaNapuNvaM gANaM, badamatthANaM Na dANNi uvaGagA / jugavaM jamhA kevaliyA he jugavaM tu te do vi ||44 // jIvakANDa | ( 6 ) 'ekendriya meM zrutajJAna' ekendriyoM meM tIna upayoga mAne gae haiN| isalie yaha zaGkA hotI hai ki sparzanendriya-matijJAnAvaraNa karma kA kSayopazama hone se ekendriyoM meM mati-upayoga mAnanA ThIka hai, parantu bhASAlabdhi (bolane kI zakti ) tathA zravaNalabdhi ( sunane kI zakti ) na hone ke kAraNa unameM zruta upayoga kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai; kyoMki zAstra meM bhASA tathA zravaNalabdhi vAloM ko hI zrutajJAna mAnA hai 'bhAvasurya bhAsAsAyaladviNA jujjae na iyarassa / bhAsAbhimudassa jayaM, soUNa ya jaM havijjAhi ||102 || ' yathA- --- dravyasaMgraha / -- vizeSAvazyaka / bolane va sunane kI zakti vAle hI ko bhAvazruta ho sakatA hai, dUsare ko nahIM kyoMki 'zruta jJAna' usa jJAna ko kahate haiM, jo bolane kI icchA vAle yA vacana sunanevAle ko hotA hai / isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki sparzanendriya ke sivAya anya dravya ( bAhya) indriyA~ na hone para bhI vRkSAdi jIvoM meM pA~ca bhAvendriya-janya jJAnoM kA honA, jaisA zAstra - sammata hai; vaise hI bolane aura sunane kI zakti na hone para bhI ekendriyoM meM bhAvazruta jJAna kA honA zAstra sammata hai / 'jaha suhumaM bhAvidiyanANaM davidiyAbarohe vi / taha davvasuyAbhAve bhAvasurya patthivAINaM // 104 // 1 - vizeSAvazyaka | jisa prakAra dravya-indriyoM ke prabhAva meM bhAvendriya-janya sUkSma jJAna hotA hai, isI prakAra dravyazruta ke bhASA Adi bAhya nimitta ke abhAva meM bhI pRthvIkAyika Adi jIvoM ko alpa bhAvazruta hotA hai / yaha ThIka hai ki auroM ko jaisA spaSTa jJAna hotA hai, vaisA ekendriyoM ko nahIM hotA / zAstra meM ekendriyoM ko AhAra kA abhilASa mAnA hai, yahI unake spaSTa jJAna mAnane meM hetu hai /
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________________ ekendriya 306 AhAra kA abhilASa, kSudhAvedanIya karma ke udaya se honevAlA AtmA kA pariNAma- vizeSa (vyavasAya) hai / yathA- 'AhArasaMjJA AhArAbhilASaH kSudvedanIyodayaprabhavaH khalvAtmapariNAma iti / " - zrAvazyaka, hAribhadrI vRtti pR0 580 / isa abhilASa rUpa vyavasAya meM 'mujhe amuka vastu mile to acchA', isa prakAra kA zabda aura artha kA vikalpa hotA hai / jo adhyavasAya vikalpa sahita hotA hai, vahI zrutajJAna kahalAtA hai / yathA-- 'indiyamaNonimittaM, jaM viNyA suyANusAreNaM / niyayatthuttisamatthaM taM bhAvasuyaM maI sesaM // 100 // ' ----vizeSAvazyaka | arthAt indriya aura mana ke nimitta se utpanna hone vAlA jJAna, jo "niyata artha kA kathana karane meM samartha zrutAnusArI ( zabda tathA artha ke vikalpa se yukta ) hai, use 'bhAvazruta' tathA usase bhinna jJAna ko 'matijJAna' samajhanA cAhie / aba yadi ekendriyoM meM zruta upayoga na mAnA jAe to unameM AhAra kA abhilASa jo zAstra sammata hai, vaha kaise ghaTa sakegA ? isalie bolane aura sunane kI zakti na hone para bhI unameM atyanta sUkSma zruta- upayoga avazya hI mAnanA cAhie / bhASA tathA zravaNlabdhi vAloM ko hI bhAvazruta hotA hai, dUsare ko nahIM, isa zAstra - kathana kA tAtparya itanA hI hai ki ukta prakAra kI zaktivAle ko spaSTa bhAvazruta hotA hai aura dUsaroM ko spaSTa / (7) ' yogamArgaNA ' tIna yogoM ke bAhya aura Abhyantara kAraNa dikhA kara unakI vyAkhyA rAjavArtika meM bahuta hI spaSTa kI gaI hai / usakA sArAMza isa prakAra hai (ka) hya aura Abhyantara kAraNoM se honevAlA jo manana ke zrabhimukha zrAtmA kA pradeza parispanda, vaha 'manoyoga' hai / isakA bAhya kAraNa, manovargaNA kA Alambana aura Abhyantara kAraNa, vIryAntarAyakarma kA kSaya kSayopazama tathA noindriyAvaraNa karmakA kSaya kSayopazama (manolabdhi ) hai / (kha) bAhya aura Abhyantara kAraNa - janya AtmA kA bhASAbhimukha pradeza-parispanda 'vacanayoga' hai / isakA bAhya kAraNa pudgalavipAkI zarIranAmakarma ke udaya se
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________________ 310 jaina dharma aura darzana honevAlA vacanavargaNAkA zrAlambana hai aura zrAbhyantara kAraNa vIryAntarAyakarma kA kSaya-kSayopazama tathA matijJAnAvaraNa aura akSarazrutajJAnAvaraNa Adi karma kA kSayakSayopazama (vacanalabdhi ) hai / (ga) bAhya aura Abhyantara kAraNa janya gamanAdi viSayaka AtmA kA pradezaparispanda 'kAyayoga' hai / isakA bAhya kAraNa kisI-na-kisI prakAra kI zarIraafer kA Alambana hai aura grAbhyantara kAraNa vIryAntarAyakarma kA kSaya-kSayopazama hai| yadyapi terahaveM aura caudahaveM, ina donoM guNasthAnoM ke samaya vIryAntarAyakarma kA kSayarUpa zrAbhyantara kAraNa samAna hI hai, parantu vargaNAlambanarUpa bAhya kAraNa samAna nahIM hai / arthAt vaha terahaveM guNasthAna ke samaya pAyA jAtA hai, para caudahaveM guNasthAna ke samaya nahIM pAyA jAtA / isIse terahaveM guNasthAna meM yoga-vidhi hotI hai, caudahaveM meM nahIM / isake lie dekhie tattvArtharAjavArtika 6, 9, 10 / yoga ke viSaya meM zaMkA-samAdhAna (ka) yaha zaGkA hotI hai ki manoyoga aura bacanayoga, kAyayoga hI haiM; kyoMki ina donoM ke yogoM ke samaya, zarIra kA vyApAra avazya rahatA hI hai aura ina yogoM ke zrAlamvanabhUta manodravya tathA bhASAdravya kA grahaNa bhI kisI-na-kisI prakAra ke zArIrika yoga se hI hotA hai / isakA samAdhAna yahI hai ki manoyoga tathA vacanayoga, kAyayoga se judA nahIM haiM, kintu kAyayoga - vizeSa hI haiN| jo kAyayoga, manana karane meM sahAyaka hotA hai, vahI usa samaya 'manoyoga' aura jo kAyayoga, bhASA ke bolane meM sahakArI hotA hai, vahI usa samaya 'canvanayoga' mAnA gayA hai / sArAMza yaha hai ki vyavahAra ke lie hI kAyayoga ke tIna bheda kiye haiM / (kha) yaha bhI zaGkA hotI hai ki ukta rIti se zvAsocchvAsa meM sahAyaka honevAle kAyayoga ko 'zvAsocchvAsayoga' kahanA cAhie aura tIna kI jagaha cAra yoga mAnane cAhie / isakA samAdhAna yaha diyA gayA hai ki vyavahAra meM, jaisA bhASA kA aura manakA viziSTa prayojana dIkhatA hai, vaisA zvAsocchvAsakA nahIM / arthAt zvAsakhAsa aura zarIra kA prayojana vaisA bhinna nahIM hai, jaisA zarIra aura mana-vacana kA / isI se tIna hI yoga mAne gae haiN| isa viSaya ke vizeSa vicAra ke lie.
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________________ yogamArgaNA vizeSAvazyaka bhASya, gA0 356 - 364 tathA lokaprakAza-sarga 3, zlo013541355 ke bIca kA gadya dekhanA cAhie / dravyamana, dravyavacana aura zarIra kA svarUpa ( ka ) jo pudgla mana banane ke yogya haiM, jinako zAstra meM 'manovargaNA' kahate haiM, ve jaba manarUpa meM pariNata ho jAte haiM --- vicAra karane meM sahAyaka ho sakeM, aisI sthiti ko prApta kara lete haiM- -taba unheM 'mana' kahate haiN| zarIra meM dravyamana ke rahane kA koI khAsa sthAna tathA usakA niyata zrAkAra zvetAmbarIya granthoM meM nahIM hai | zvetAmbara sampradAya ke anusAra dravyamana ko zarIra vyApI aura zarIrAkAra samajhanA cAhie | digambara sampradAya meM usakA sthAna hRdaya tathA AkAra kamala ke samAna mAnA hai / (kha) vacanarUpa meM pariNata eka prakAra ke pudgala, jinheM bhASAvaNA kahate haiM, ve hI 'vacana' kahalAte haiM / 311 (ga) jisase calanA-phiranA, khAnA-pInA zrAdi ho sakatA hai, jo sukha-duHkha bhogane kA sthAna hai aura jo audArika, vaikriya Adi vargaNAoM se banatA hai, vaha 'zarIra' kahalAtA hai / (8) 'samyaktva' isakA svarUpa, vizeSa prakAra se jAnane ke lie nimnalikhita kucha bAtoM kA vicAra karanA bahuta upayogI hai (1) samyaktva sahetuka hai yA nirhetuka ? (2) kSAyopazamika Adi bhedoM kA AdhAra kyA hai / (3) aupazamika aura kSAyopazamika samyaktva kA Apasa meM antara tathA kSAyikasamyaktva kI vizeSatA / (4) zaGkA - samAdhAna, vipAkodaya aura pradezodaya kA svarUpa / (5) kSayopazama aura upazama kI vyAkhyA tathA khulAsAvAra vicAra / (1) samyaktva - pariNAma sahetuka hai yA nirhetuka ? isa prazna kA uttara yaha hai ki usako nirhetuka nahIM mAna sakate; kyoMki jo vastu nirhetuka ho, vaha saba kAla meM, saba jagaha, eka-sI honI cAhie athavA usakA abhAva honA cAhie / samyakRtvapariNAma, na to saba meM samAna hai aura na usakA prabhAva hai| isIlie use sahetuka hI mAnanA cAhie / sahetuka mAna lene para yaha prazna hotA hai ki usakA
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________________ jaina dharma aura darzana niyata hetu kyA hai; pravacana-zraraNa, bhagavatpUjana Adi jo-jo bAhya nimitta mAne jAte haiM, ve to samyaktva ke niyata kAraNa ho hI nahIM sakate; kyoMki ina bAhya nimittoM ke hote hue bhI abhavyoM kI taraha aneka bhavyoM ko samyaktva-prApti nahIM hotii| parantu isakA uttara itanA hI hai ki samyaktva-pariNAma prakaTa hone meM niyata kAraNa jIva kA tathAvidha bhavyatva-nAmaka anAdi pAriNAmika-svabhAva vizeSa hI hai / jaba isa pariNAmika bhavyatvakA paripAka hotA hai, tabhI samyaktva-lAbha hotA hai / bhavyatva pariNAma, sAdhya roga ke samAna hai| koI sAdhya roga, svayameva (bAhya upAya ke binA hI) zAnta ho jAtA hai| kisI sAdhya roga ke zAnta hone meM vaidya kA upacAra bhI darakAra hai aura koI sAdhya roga aisA bhI hotA hai, jo bahuta dinoM ke bAda miTatA hai / bhavyatva-svabhAva aisA hI hai / aneka jIvoM kA bhavyatva, bAhya nimitta ke binA hI paripAka prAsa karatA hai / aise bhI jIva haiM, jinake bhavyatvasvabhAva kA paripAka hone meM zAstra-zravaNa aAdi bAhya nimittoM kI AvazyakatA par3atI hai / aura aneka jIvoM kA bhavyatva pariNAma dIrgha-kAla vyatIta ho cukane para, svayaM hI paripAka prApta karatA hai| zAstra-zravaNa, arhatpUjana Adi jo bAhya nimitta haiM, ve sahakArImAtra haiN| unake dvArA kabhI-kabhI bhavyatva kA paripAka hone meM madada milatI hai, isase vyavahAra meM ve samyaktva ke kAraNa mAne gae haiM aura unake Alambana kI AvazyakatA dikhAI jAtI hai| parantu nizcaya-dRSTi se tathAvidhabhavyatva ke vipAka ko hI samyaktva kA avyabhicArI (nizcita) kAraNa mAnanA caahie| isase zAstra-zravaNa, pratimA-pUjana Adi bAhya kriyAoM kI anaikAntikatA, jo adhikArI bheda para avalambita hai, usakA khulAsA ho jAtA hai| yahI bhAva bhagavAn umAsvati ne 'tannisargAdadhigamAdvA'-tatvArtha-zra0 1, sUtra 3 se prakaTa kiyA hai| aura yahI bAta paJcasaMgraha-dvAra 1, gA0 8 kI malayagiri- TIkA meM bhI hai| (2) samyaktva guNa, prakaTa hone ke Abhyantara kAraNoM kI jo vividhatA hai, vahI kSAyopazamika zrAdi bhedoM kA AdhAra hai--anantAnubandhi-catuSka aura darzanamohanIya-trika, ina sAta prakRtiyoM kA kSayopazama, kSAyopazamikasamyaktva kA; upazama, aupazamikasamyaktvakA aura kSaya, kSAyikasamyaktva kA kAraNa hai / tathA samyaktva se girA kara mithyAtva kI ora jhukAnevAlA anantAnubandhI kaSAya kA udaya, sAsAdanasamyaktva kA kAraNa aura mizramohanIya kA udaya, mizrasamyaktva kA kAraNa hai| aupazamikasamyaktva meM kAlalabdhi Adi anya kyA 2 nimitta apekSita haiM aura vaha kisa-kisa gati meM kina-kina kAraNoM se hotA hai, isakA vizeSa varNana tathA kSAyika aura kSAyopazamikasamyaktva kA varNana kramazaH-tattvArtha
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________________ 313 zra0 2, sU0 3 ke pahale aura dUsare rAjavArtika meM tathA sU0 4 aura 5 ke sAtaveM - rAjavArtika meM hai / (3) zrapazamikasamyaktva ke samaya, darzanamohanIya kA kisI prakAra kA 'udaya nahIM hotA; para kSAyopazamikasamyaktva ke samaya, samyaktvamohanIya kA vipAkodaya aura mithyAtvamohanIya kA pradezodaya hotA hai / isI bhinnatA ke kAraNa zAstra meM zrapazamikasamyaktva ko, 'bhAvasamyaktva' aura kSAyopazamikasamyaktva ko, 'dravyasamyaktva' kahA hai / ina donoM samyaktvoM se kSAyikasaMmyaktva viziSTa hai; kyoMki vaha sthAyI hai aura ye donoM asthAyI haiM / samyaktva (4) yaha zaGkA hotI hai ki mohanIyakarma ghAtikarma hai / vaha samyaktva aura cAritraparyAya kA ghAta karatA hai, isalie samyaktvamohanIya ke vipAkodaya aura mithyAtvamohanIya ke pradezodaya ke samaya, samyaktva - pariNAma vyakta kaise ho sakatA hai ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki samyaktvamohanIya, mohanIya karma hai sahI, para usake - dalika vizuddha hote haiM; kyoMki zuddha adhyavasAya se jaba midhyAtvamohanIya karma ke 'dalikoMkA sarvaghAtI rasa naSTa ho jAtA hai, taba ve hI eka sthAna rasavAle aura dvi* sthAna pratimanda rasavAle dalika 'samyaktvamohanIya' kahalAte haiM / jaise--kA~ca Adi pAradarzaka vastue~ netra ke darzana kArya meM rukAvaTa nahIM DAlatIM; vaise hI mithyAtvamohanIya ke zuddha dalikoM kA vipAkodaya samyaktva pariNAma ke AvirbhAva meM * pratibandha nahIM karatA / atra rahA mithyAtva kA pradezodaya, so vaha bhI, samyaktvaparimANa kA pratibandhaka nahIM hotA; kyoMki nIrasa dalikoMkA hI pradezodaya hotA hai / jo dalika, manda rasavAle haiM, unakA vipAkodaya bhI jaba guNa kA ghAta nahIM - karatA, taba nIrasa dalikoM ke pradezodaya se guNa ke ghAta hone kI sambhAvanA hI nahIM kI jA sakatI / dekhie, paJcasaMgraha - dvAra 1, 15vIM gAthA kI TIkA meM gyArahaveM - guNasthAna kI vyAkhyA | (5) kSayopazama-janya paryAya 'kSAyopazamika' aura upazama-janya paryAya 'pazamika' kahalAtA hai / isalie kisI bhI kSAyopazamika aura aupazamika bhAva kA yathArtha jJAna karane ke lie pahale kSayopazama aura upazama kA hI svarUpa jAna lenA Avazyaka hai / ataH inakA svarUpa zAstrIya prakriyA ke anusAra likhA jAtA hai- (1) kSayopazama zabda meM do pada haiM---kSaya tathA upazama / 'kSayopazama' zabda ' kA matalaba, karma ke kSaya aura upazama donoM se hai / kSaya kA matalaba, AtmA se karma kA viziSTa saMbandha chUTa jAnA aura upazama kA matalaba karma kA apane svarUpa meM AtmA ke sAtha saMlagna rahakara bhI usa para asara na DAlanA hai / yaha to huA
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________________ jaina dharma aura darzana sAmAnya artha; para usakA pAribhASika artha kucha adhika hai| bandhAvalikA pUrNa ho jAne para kisI vivakSita karma kA jaba kSayopazama zurU hotA hai, taba vivakSita vartamAna samaya se zrAvalikA-paryanta ke dalika, jinheM udayAvalikA-prApta yA udIrNadalika kahate haiM, unakA to pradezodaya va vipAkodayadvArA kSaya (abhAva) hotA rahatA hai; aura jo dalika, vivakSita vartamAna samaya se zrAvalikA taka meM udaya pAne yogya nahIM haiM-~~jinheM udayAvalikA bahirbhUta yA anudIrNa dalika kahate haiMunakA upazama (vipAkodaya kI yogyatA kA abhAva yA tIvra rasa se manda rasa meM pariNamana) ho jAtA hai, jisase ve dalika, apanI udayAvalikA prApta hone para,. pradezodaya yA manda vipAkodaya dvArA kSINa ho jAte haiM arthAt AtmA para apanA phala prakaTa nahIM kara sakate yA kama prakaTa karate haiM / ___isa prakAra zrAvalikA paryanta ke udaya-prApta karmadalikoM kA pradezodaya va vipAkodaya dvArA kSaya aura zrAvalikA ke bAda ke udaya pAne yogya karmadalikoM kI vipAkodaya saMbandhinI yogyatA kA abhAva yA tIvra rasa kA manda rasa meM pariNamana hote rahane se karma kA kSayopazama kahalAtA hai| kSayopazama-yogya karma--- kSayopazama, saba karmoM kA nahIM hotA; sirpha ghAtikarmoM kA hotA hai| ghAtikarma ke dezadhAti aura sarvaghAti, ye do bheda haiN| donoM ke kSayopazama meM kucha vibhinnatA hai| (ka) jaba dezaghAtikarma kA kSayopazama pravRtta hotA hai, taba usake maMda rasayukta kucha dalikoM kA vipAkodaya, sAtha hI rahatA hai| vipAkodaya-prApta dalika, alpa rasa-yukta hone se svAvArya guNa kA ghAta nahIM kara sakate, isase yaha siddhAMta mAnA gayA hai ki dezaghAtikarma ke kSayopazama ke samaya, vipAkodaya viruddha nahIM hai, arthAt vaha kSayopazama ke kArya ko svAvArya guNa ke vikAsa ko-roka nahIM sakatA / parantu yaha bAta dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhie ki dezaghAtikarma ke vipAkodayamizrita kSayopazama ke samaya, usakA sarvaghAti-rasa-yukta koI bhI dalika, udayamAna nahIM hotA | isase yaha siddhAMta mAna liyA gayA hai ki jaba, sarvaghAti rasa, zuddha. adhyavasAya se dezadhAtirUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai, tabhI arthAt dezaghAti-spardhaka ke hI vipAkodaya-kAla meM kSayopazama avazya pravRtta hotA hai| ghAtikarma ko paccIsa prakRtiyA~ dezaghAtinI haiM, jinameM se matijJAnAvaraNa, zrutajJAnAvaraNa, acakSurdarzanAvaraNa aura pA~ca antarAya, ina ATha prakRtiyoM kA kSayopazama to sadA se hI pravRtta hai; kyoMki AvArya matijJAna Adi paryAya, anAdi kAla se kSAyopazamikarUpa meM rahate hI haiN| isalie yaha mAnanA cAhie.
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________________ 315 kSayopazama . ki ukta ATha prakRtiyoM ke dezaghAti-rasaspardhaka kA hI udaya hotA hai, sarvaghAtirasaspardhaka kA kabhI nhiiN| avadhijJAnAvaraNa, manaHparyAyajJAnAvaraNa, caddarzanAvaraNa aura avadhidarzanAvaraNa, ina cAra prakRtiyoM kA kSayopazama kAdAcitka (aniyata) hai, arthAt jaba unake sarvaghAti-rasaspardhaka, dezadhAtirUpa meM pariNata ho jAte haiM; tabhI unakA kSayopazama hotA hai aura jaba sarvaghAti-rasaspardhaka udayamAna hote haiM, taba avadhijJAna Adi kA ghAta hI hotA hai| ukta cAra prakRtiyoM kA kSayopazama bhI dezaghAtirasaspardhaka ke vipAkodaya se mizrita ho samajhanA caahie| ___ ukta bAraha ke sivAya zeSa teraha (cAra saMjvalana aura nau nokaSAya) prakRtiyA~ jo mohanIya kI haiM, ve adhruvodayinI haiN| isalie jaba unakA kSayopazama, pradezodayamAtra se yukta hotA hai, taba to ve svAvArya guNa kA leza bhI dhAta nahIM karatI aura dezaghAtinI hI mAnI jAtI hai; para jaba unakA kSayopazama vipAkodaya se mizrita hotA hai, taba ve svAvArya guNa kA kucha ghAta karatI haiM aura dezaghAtinI. kahalAtI haiN| (kha) ghAtikarma kI bIsa prakRtiyA~ sarvaghAtinI haiN| inameM meM kevalazAnAvaraNa aura kevaladarzanAvaraNa, ina do kA to kSayopazama hotA hI nahIM, kyoMki unake dalika kabhI dezavAti rasayukta banate hI nahIM aura na unakA vipAkodaya hI rokA jA sakatA hai / zeSa-aThAraha prakRtiyA~ aisI haiM, jinakA kSayopazama ho sakatA hai; paraMtu yaha Ata, dhyAna meM rakhanI cAhie ki dezaghAtinI prakRtiyoM ke kSayopazama ke samaya, jaise vipAkodaya hotA hai, vaise ina aThAraha sarvaghAtinI prakRtiyoM ke kSayo. pazama ke samaya nahIM hotA, arthAt ina aThAraha prakRtiyoM kA kSayopazama, tabhI sambhava hai, jaba unakA pradezodaya hI ho| isalie yaha siddhAMta mAnA hai ki 'vipAkodayavatI prakRtiyoM kA kSayopazama, yadi hotA hai to dezaghAtinI hI kA, sarvaghAtinI kA nhiiN| ata eva ukta aThAraha prakRtiyA~, vipAkodaya ke nirodha ke yogya mAnI jAtI hai; kyoMki unake AvArya guNoM kA kSAyopazamika svarUpa meM vyakta honA mAnA gayA hai, jo vipAkodaya ke nirodha ke sivAya ghaTa nahIM sakatA / (2) upazama-kSayopazama kI vyAkhyA meM, upazama zabda kA jo artha kiyA gayA hai, usase aupazamika ke upazama zabda kA artha kucha udAra hai| arthAt kSayopazama ke upazama zabda kA artha sirpha vipAkodayasambandhinI yogyatA kA abhAva yA tIvra rasa kA maMda rasa meM parigamana honA hai; para aupazamika ke upazama zabda kA artha pradezodaya aura vipAkodaya donoM kA abhAva hai; kyoMki kSayopazama.
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________________ 316 jaina dharma aura darzana meM karma kA kSaya bhI jArI rahatA hai, jo kama se kama pradezodaya ke sivAya ho hI nahIM sktaa| paraMtu upazama meM yaha bAta nhiiN| jaba karma kA upazama hotA hai, tabhI se usakA kSaya ruka hI jAtA hai, ata eva usake pradezodaya hone kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM rhtii| isIse upazama-avasthA tabhI mAnI jAtI hai, jaba ki antarakaraNa hotA hai / antarakaraNa ke antarmuhUrta meM udaya pAne ke yogya dalikoM meM se kucha to pahale hI bhoga liye jAte haiM aura kucha dalika pIche udaya pAne ke yogya banA diye jAte haiM, arthAt antarakaraNa meM vedya-dalikoM kA abhAva hotA hai / ata eva kSayopazama aura upazama kI saMkSipta vyAkhyA itanI hI kI jAtI hai ki kSayopazama ke samaya, pradezodaya yA manda vipAkodaya hotA hai, para upazama ke samaya, vaha bhI nahIM hotaa| yaha niyama yAda rakhanA cAhie ki upazama bhI ghAtikarma kA hI ho sakatA hai, so bhI saba ghAtikarma kA nahIM, kiMtu kevala mohanIyakarma kaa| arthAt pradeza aura vipAka donoM prakAra kA udaya, yadi rokA jA sakatA hai to mohanIyakarma kA hii| isake lie dekhie, nandI, sU08 kI TIkA, pR. 77; kammapayaDI, zrI yazovijayajI-kRta TIkA, pR0 13; paJca0 dvA0 1, gA 26 kI malayagiri-vyAkhyA / samyaktva svarUpa, utpatti aura bhedaprabhedAdi ke savistara vicAra ke lie dekhie, loka pra0-sarga 3, zloka 566-700 / (9) acakSurdarzana kA sambhava ____ aThAraha mArgaNA meM zracaturdarzana parigaNita hai; ataeva usameM bhI caudaha jIvasthAna samajhane cAhie / parantu isa para prazna yaha hotA hai ki acaturdarzana meM jo aparyApta jIvasthAna mAne jAte haiM, so kyA aparyApta avasthA meM indriyaparyApti pUrNa hone ke bAda acakSudarzana mAna kara yA indriya paryApti pUrNa hone ke pahale bhI acakSurdarzana hotA hai, yaha mAna kara ? yadi prathama pakSa mAnA jAe, taba to ThIka hai; kyoMki indriyaparyApti pUrNa hone ke bAda aparyApta avasthA meM hI cakSurindriya dvArA sAmAnya bodha mAna kara jaisecakSurdarzana meM tIna aparyApta jIvasthAna cauthe karmagraMya kI 17vIM gAthA meM matAntara se batalAye hue haiM vaise hI indriyaparyApti pUrNa hone ke bAda aparyApta-avasthA meM cakSubhinna indriya dvArA sAmAnya bodha mAna kara acakSurdarzana meM sAta aparyApta jIvasthAna ghaTAye jA sakate haiN|
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________________ 315 acaturdarzana parantu zrIjayasomasUri ne isa gAthA ke apane Tabe meM indriyaparyApti pUrNa hone ke pahale bhI acakSurdarzana mAna kara usameM aparyApta jIvasthAna mAne haiN| aura siddhAnta ke AdhAra se batalAyA hai ki vigrahagati aura kArmaNayoga meM avadhidarzanarahita jIva ko acakSurdarzana hotA hai / isa pakSa meM prazna yaha hotA hai ki indriyaparyApti pUrNa hone ke pahale dravyendriya na hone se acakSurdarzana kaise mAnanA ? isakA uttara do taraha se diyA jA sakatA hai| (1) dravyendriya hone para dravya aura bhAva, ubhaya, indriya-janya upayoga aura 'dravyendriya ke abhAva meM kevala bhAvendriya-janya upayoga, isa taraha do prakAra kA upayoga hai| vigrahagati meM aura indriyaparyApti hone ke pahale, pahale prakAra kA upayoga, nahIM ho sakatA; para dUsare prakAra kA darzanAtmaka sAmAnya upayoga mAnA jA sakatA hai| aisA mAnane meM tattvArtha-a0 2, sU0 6 kI vRttikA___ 'athavendriyanirapekSameva tatkasyacidbhaved yataH pRSThata upasarpantaM sarpa buddhayaivendriyavyApAranirapekSaM pshyttiiti|' yaha kathana pramANa hai / sArAMza, indriyaparyApti pUrNa hone ke pahale upayogAtmaka acakSudarzana mAna kara samAdhAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| (2) vigrahagati meM aura indriyaparyApti pUrNa hone ke pahale acakSurdarzana mAnA jAtA hai, so zaktirUpa arthAt kSayopazamarUpa, upayogarUpa nhiiN| yaha samAdhAna, prAcIna caturtha karmagrantha kI 46vIM gAthA kI TIkA ke 'trayANAmapyacakSurdarzanaM tasyAnAhArakAvasthAyAmapi labdhimAzrityAbhyupagamAta / ' isa ullekha ke AdhAra para diyA gayA hai| prazna-indriyaparyApti pUrNa hone ke pahale jaise upayogarUpa yA kSayopazamarUpa zracakSurdarzana mAnA jAtA hai, vaise hI caturdarzana kyoM nahIM mAnA jAtA ? uttara-cakSurdarzana, netrarUpa vizeSa-indriya-janya darzana ko kahate haiN| aisA darzana usI samaya mAnA jAtA hai, jaba ki dravyanetra ho| ataeva cakSurdarzana ko indriyaparyApti pUrNa hone ke bAda hI mAnA hai| acakSurdarzana kisI-eka indriyajanya sAmAnya upayoga ko nahIM kahate; kintu netra-bhinna kisI dravyendriya se honevAle, dravyamana se honevAle yA dravyendriya tathA dravyamana ke abhAva meM kSayopazamamAtra se honevAle sAmAnya upayoga ko kahate haiN| isI se acakSurdarzana ko indriyaparyApti pUrNa hone ke pahale aura pIche, donoM avasthAoM meM mAnA hai|
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________________ 318 jaina dharma aura darzana (10) 'anAhAraka' anAhAraka jIva do prakAra ke hote haiM-chadyastha aura vItarAga / vItarAga meM jo azarIrI (mukta) haiM, ve sabhI sadA anAhAraka hI haiM; parantu jo zarIradhArI haiM, ve kevalisamudghAta ke tIsare cauthe aura pA~caveM samaya meM hI anAhAraka hote haiN| chadyastha jIva, anAhAraka tabhI hote haiM, jaba ve vigrahagati meM vartamAna hoN| janmAntara grahaNa karane ke lie jIva ko pUrva sthAna chor3akara dUsare sthAna meM jAnA par3atA hai / dUsarA sthAna pahale sthAna se vizreNi-patita ( vaka-rekhA meM ) ho, taba use vakra-gati karanI par3atI hai | vakra gati ke saMbandha meM isa jagaha tIna bAtoM para vicAra kiyA jAtA hai (1) vakra-gati meM vigraha (ghumAva ) kI saMkhyA, (2) vakra-gati kA kAlaparimANa aura (3) vakra gati meM anAhArakatva kA kAla-mAna / (1) koI utpatti-sthAna aisA hotA hai ki jisako jIva eka vigraha karake hI prApta kara letA hai| kisI sthAna ke lie do vigraha karane par3ate haiM aura kisI ke lie tIna bhI / navIna utpatti sthAna, pUrva-sthAna se kitanA hI vizreNi-patita kyoM na ho, para vaha tIna vigraha meM to avazya hI prApta ho jAtA hai| isa viSaya meM digambara-sAhitya meM vicAra-bheda najaranahIM AtA; kyoMki- . 'vigrahavatI ca saMsAriNaH pAka catubhyaH / -tattvArtha-a0 2, sU0 28 / isa sUtra kI sarvArthasiddhiIkA meM zrI pUjyapAdasvAmI ne adhika se adhika tIna vigrahavAlI gati kA hI ullekha kiyA hai| tathA~~ eka dvau triinvaa'naahaarkH| -tattvArtha-a0 2, sUtra 30 / isa sUtra ke chaThe rAjavArtika meM bhaTTAraka zrIakalaGkadeva ne bhI adhika se adhika tri-vigraha-gati kA hI samarthana kiyA hai| nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI bhI gommaTasAra-jIrakANDa kI 666vIM gAthA meM ukta mata kA hI nirdeza karate haiN| zvetAmbarIya granthoM meM isa viSaya para matAntara ullikhita pAyA jAtA hai'vigrahavatI ca saMsAriNaH praakcturvyH| -tattvArtha-a0 2, sUtra 26 / 'ekaM dvau vA'nAhArakaH / - tattvArtha-a0 2, sU0 30 / zvetAmbara-prasiddha tattvArtha-a0 2 ke bhASya meM bhagavAn umAsvAti ne tathA ThasakI TIkA meM zrIsiddhasenagaNi ne tri-vigrahagati kA ullekha kiyA hai / sAtha hI ukta bhASya kI TIkA meM caturvigraha-gati kA matAntara bhI darasAyA hai / isa matAntara kA ullekha vRhatsaMgrahaNI kI 325vIM gAthA meM aura zrIbhagavatI-zataka 7, uddezya
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________________ anAhAraka 316 1 kI tathA zataka 14, uddezya 1 kI TIkA meM bhI hai| kintu isa matAntara kA jahA~ kahIM ullekha hai, vahA~ saba jagaha yahI likhA hai ki caturvigrahagati kA nirdeza kisI mUla sUtra meM nahIM hai / isase jAna par3atA hai ki aisI gati karanevAle jIva hI bahuta kama haiM / ukta sUtroM ke bhASya meM to yaha spaSTa likhA hai ki tri-vigraha se adhika vigrahavAlI gati kA saMbhava hI nahIM hai / __ 'avigrahA ekavigrahA dvivigrahAM trivigrahA ityetAzcatussamayaparAzcaturvidhA gatayo bhavanti, parato na sambhavanti / " bhASya ke isa kathana se tathA digambara-graMthoM meM adhika se adhika tri-vigraha gati kA hI nirdeza pAye jAne se aura bhagavatI-TIkA zrAdi meM jahA~ kahIM caturvigrahagati kA matAntara haiM, vahA~ saba jagaha usakI alpatA dikhAI jAne ke kAraNa adhika se adhika tIna vigrahavAlI gati hI kA pakSa bahumAnya samajhanA cAhie / (2) vakra-gati ke kAla-parimANa ke saMbandha meM yaha niyama hai ki vakra gati kA samaya vigraha kI apekSA eka adhika hI hotA hai| arthAt jisa gati meM eka vigraha ho, usakA kAla-mAna do samayoMkA, isa prakAra dvi vigrahagati kA kAla-mAna tIna samayoM kA aura tri-vigrahagati kA kAla-mAna cAra samayoM kA hai| isa niyama meM zvetAmbara-digambara kA koI mata-bheda nahIM / hA~ Upara caturvigraha gati ke matAntara kA jo ullekha kiyA hai, usake anusAra usa gati kA kAla-mAna pA~ca samayoM kA batalAyA gayA hai| (3) vigrahagati meM anAhArakatva ke kAla-bhAna kA vicAra vyavahAra aura nizcaya, do dRSTiyoM se kiyA huA pAyA jAtA hai| vyavahAravAdiyoM kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki pUrva-zarIra chor3ane kA samaya, jo vakra-gati kA prathama samaya hai, usameM pUrva-zarIra-yogya kucha pudgala lomAhAradvArA grahaNa kie jAte haiN|--vRhtsNgrhnnii gA0 326 tathA usakI TIkA, loka0 sarga 3, zlo0, 1107 se Age / parantu nizcayavAdiyoM kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki pUrva-zarIra chUTane ke samaya meM, arthAt vakragati ke prathama samaya meM na to pUrva-zarIra kA hI saMbandha hai aura na nayA zarIra banA hai; isalie usa samaya kisI prakAra ke AhAra kA saMbhava nhiiN| -loka0 sa0 3, zlo0 1115 se Age / vyavahAravAdI ho yA nizcayavAdI, donoM isa bAta ko barAbara mAnate haiM ki vakra-gati kA aMtima samaya, jisameM jIva navIna sthAna meM utpanna hotA hai, usameM avazya AhAra grahaNa hotA hai / vyavahAra naya ke anusAra anAhArakatva kA kAla-mAna isa prakAra samajhanA cAhie eka vigraha vAlI gAta, jisakI kAla-maryAdA do samaya kI hai, usake donoM
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________________ 320 jaina dharma aura darzana samaya meM jIva AhAraka hI hotA hai; kyoMki pahale samaya meM pUrva-zarIra yogya lomAhAra grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai aura dUsare samaya meM navIna zarIra-yogya AhAra / do vigrahavAlI gati, jo tIna samaya kI hai aura tIna vigravAlI gati, jo cAra samaya kI hai, usameM prathama tathA antima samaya meM AhArakatva hone para bhI bIca ke samaya meM anAhAraka-avasthA pAI jAtI hai| arthAt dvi-vigrahagati ke madhya meM eka samaya taka aura tri-vigrahagati meM prathama tathA antika samaya ko chor3a, bIca ke do samaya paryanta anAhAraka sthiti rahatI hai / vyavahAranaya kA yaha mata ki vigraha kI apekSA anAhArakatva kA samaya eka kama hI hotA hai, tattvArtha adhyAya 2 ke 31 veM sUtra meM tathA usake bhASya aura TokA meM nirdiSTa hai| sAtha hI TIkA meM vyavahAra. naya ke anusAra uparyukta pA~ca samaya-parimANa caturvigrahavatI gati ke matAntara ko lekara tIna samaya kA anAhArakatva bhI batalAyA gayA hai / sArAMza, vyavahAranaya kI apekSA se tIna samaya kA anAhArakatva, caturvigravatI gati ke matAntara se hI ghaTa sakatA hai, anyathA nahIM / nizcayadRSTi ke anusAra yaha bAta nahIM hai| usake anusAra to jitane vigraha utane hI samaya anAhArakatva ke hote haiM / ataeva usa dRSTi ke anusAra eka vigraha vAlI vakra-gati meM eka samaya, do vigrahavAlI gati meM do samaya aura tIna vigrahavAlI gati meM tIna samaya anAhArakatva ke samajhane cAhie / yaha bAta digambara-prasiddha tattvArtha- a0 2 ke 30veM sUtra tathA usakI. sarvArthasiddhi aura rAjavArtika TIkA meM hai| zvetAmbara-graMthoM meM caturvigrahavatI gati ke matAntara kA ullekha hai, usako lekara nizcayadRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAe to anAhArakatva ke cAra samaya bhI kahe jA sakate haiN| sArAMza. zvetAmbarIya tattvArtha-bhASya Adi meM eka yA do samaya ke anAhArakatva kA jo ullekha hai, vaha vyavahAradRSTi se aura digambarIya tatvArtha Adi graMthoM meM jo eka, do yA tIna samaya ke anAhArakatva kA ullekha hai, vaha nizcayadRSTi se / ataeva anAhArakatva ke kAla-mAna ke viSaya meM donoM sampradAya meM vAstavika virodha ko avakAza hI nahIM hai / prasaGga-vaza yaha bAta jAnane yogya hai ki pUrva-zarIra kA parityAga, para-bhava kI zrAyu kA udaya aura gati ( cAhe Rju ho yA paka , ye tInoM eka samaya meM hote haiM / vigrahagati ke dUsare samaya meM para-bhava kI Ayu ke udaya kA kathana hai, so sthUla vyavahAra naya kI apekSA se -- pUrva-bhava kA antima samaya, jisameM jIva vigrahagati ke abhimukha ho jAtA hai, usako upacAra se vigrahagati kA prathama samaya mAnakara - samajhanA caahie| -bRhatsaMgrahaNI, gA0 325, malayagiri-TIkA /
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________________ 321 avadhidarzana (11) 'avadhidarzana' avadhidarzana aura guNasthAna kA saMbandha vicArane ke samaya mukhyatayA do bAteM jAnane kI haiM-(1) pakSa-bheda aura (2) unakA tAtparya / (1) pakSa-bheda--- prastuta viSaya meM mukhya do pakSa haiM--(ka) kArmagraMthika aura (kha) saiddhAntika / (ka) kArmagranthika-pakSa bhI do haiN| inameM se pahalA pakSa cauthe Adi nau guNasthAnoM meM avadhidarzana mAnatA hai | yaha pakSa, prAcIna caturtha karmagraMtha kI 26 vI gAthA meM nirdiSTa hai, jo pahale tIna guNasthAnoM meM ajJAna mAnanevAle kArmagraMthikoM ko mAnya hai| dUsarA pakSa, tIsare Adi dasa guNasthAnoM meM avadhidarzana mAnatA hai| yaha pada cauthe karmagrantha ko 48 vI gAthA meM tathA prAcIna caturtha karmagraMtha kI 70 aura 71 vI gAthA meM nirdiSTa hai, jo pahale do guNasthAna taka ajJAna mAnane vAle kArmagraMthikoM ko mAnya hai| ye donoM pakSa, gommaTasAra-jIvakANDa kI 660 aura 704 thI gAthA meM haiN| inameM se prathama pakSa, tattvArtha-a0 1 ke 8 veM satra kI sarvArthasiddhi meM bhI hai| vaha yaha hai -- 'avadhidarzane asaMyatasamyagdRSTyAdIni kSINakaSAyAntAni / ' (kha) saiddhAntika-pakSa bilkula bhinna hai| vaha pahale Adi bAraha guNasthAnoM meM avadhidarzana mAnatA hai / jo bhagavatI-satra se mAlUma hotA hai| isa pakSa ko zrI malagiri sari ne paJcasaMgraha-dvAra 1 kI 31 vI gAthA kI TIkA meM tathA prAcIna caturtha karmagrantha kI 26 vIM gAthA kI TIkA meM spaSTatA se dikhAyA hai / ___'ohidasaNaaNAgArovauttA NaM bhaMte ! kiM nANI annANI ? goyamA ! pANI vi annANI vi / jai nANI te atthegaiA tiNNANI, atthegaiA cunnaannii| je tiNNANI, te prAbhiNibohiyaNANI suyaNANI ohinnaannii| je cauNANI te AbhiNibohiyaNANI suyaNANI ohigANI mrnnpujvnnaannii| je aNNANI te NiyamA maiaNNANI suyaaNNANI vibhaMganANI / / -bhagavatI-zataka 8, uddezya 2 // (2) ukta pakSoM kA tAtparya (ka) pahale tIna guNasthAnoM meM ajJAna mAnanevAle aura pahale do guNasthAnoM meM ajJAna mAnanevAle. donoM prakAra ke kArmagraMthika vidvAn avadhijJAna se avadhidarzana ko alaga mAnate haiM, para vibhaGgajJAna se nahIM / ve kahate haiM ki vizeSa avadhi-upayoga se sAmAnya avadhi-upayoga bhinna hai; isalie jisa prakAra avadhi-upayogavAle samyaktvI meM avadhijJAna aura avadhidarzana, donoM alaga
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________________ 322 jaina dharma aura darzana alaga haiM, isI prakAra avadhi-upayogavAle ajJAnI meM bhI vibhaGgazAna aura avadhidarzana, ye donoM vastutaH bhinna haiM sahI, tathApi vibhaGgazAna aura avadhidarzana ina donoM ke pArasparika bheda kI avivakSAmAtra hai| bheda vivakSita na rakhane kA savatra donoM kA sAdRzyamAtra hai / arthAt jaise vibhaGgajJAna viSaya kA yathArtha nizraya nahIM kara sakatA, vaise hI avadhidarzana sAmAnyarUpa hone ke kAraNa viSaya kA nizcaya nahIM kara sktaa| isa abheda-vivakSA ke kAraNa pahale mata ke anusAra cauthe Adi nau guNasthAnoM meM aura dUsare mata ke anusAra tIsare Adi dasa guNasthAnoM meM avadhidarzana samajhanA caahie| (kha) saiddhAntika vidvAn vibhaGgajJAna aura avadhidarzana, donoM ke bheda kI vivakSA karate haiM, abheda kI nahIM / isI kAraNa ve vibhaGgajJAnI meM avadhidarzana mAnate haiN| unake mata se kevala pahale guNasthAna meM vibhaGgajJAna kA saMbhava hai, dUsare Adi meM nhiiN| isalie ve dUsare Adi gyAraha guNasthAnoM meM avadhijJAna ke sAtha aura pahale guNasthAna meM vibhaGgajJAna ke sAtha avadhidarzana kA sAhacarya mAnakara pahale bAraha guNasthAnoM meM avadhidarzana mAnate haiN| avadhijJAnI ke aura vibhaGgazAnI ke darzana meM nirAkAratA aMza samAna hI hai / isalie vibhaGgajJAnI ke darzana kI 'vibhaGgadarzana' aisI alaga saMjJA na rakhakara 'avadhidarzana' hI saMjJA rakhI hai| __ sArAMza, kArmagranthika-pakSa, vibhaGgajJAna aura avadhidarzana, ina donoM ke bheda kI vivakSA nahIM karatA aura saiddhAntika-pakSa karatA hai| -loka prakAza sarga 3, zloka 1057 se aage| isa mata-bheda kA ullekha vizeSaNavatI grantha meM zrI jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne kiyA hai, jisakI sUcanA prajJApanA-pada 18, vRtti (kalakattA) pR0 566 para hai / --- - (12) 'AhAraka'-kevalajJAnI ke AhAra para vicAra terahaveM guNasthAna ke samaya zrAhArakatva kA aGgIkAra cauthe karmagrantha pa086 tathA digambarIya granthoM meM hai| dekho-~~-tattvArtha-a0 1, sU08 ko sarvArthasiddhi---- 'AhArAnuvAdena AhAra keSu mithyAdRSTayAdIni sayogakevalyantAni isI taraha gommaTasAra-jIvakANDa kI 665 aura 667 vI gAthA bhI isake lie dekhane yogya hai|
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________________ dRSTivAda 323 ukta guNasthAna meM asAtavedanIya kA udaya bhI donoM sampradAya ke granthoM (dUsarA karmagrantha, gA0 22; karmakANDa, gA0 271) meM mAnA huA hai| isI taraha usa samaya AhArasaMjJA na hone para bhI kArmaNazarIranAmakarma ke udaya se karmapudgaloM kI taraha audArikazarIranAmakarma ke udaya se audArika-pudgaloM kA grahaNa digambarIya grantha (labdhisAra gA0 614) meM bhI svIkRta hai / AhArakatva ko vyAkhyA gommaTasAra meM itanI adhika spaSTa hai ki jisase kevalI ke dvArA zraudArika, bhASA aura manovargaNA ke pudgala grahaNa kiye jAne ke saMbandha meM kucha bhI sandeha nahIM rahatA (jIva0 gA. 663-664) / audArika pudgaloM kA nirantara ahaNa bhI eka prakAra kA AhAra hai, jo 'lomAhAra' kahalAtA hai / isa aAhAra ke lie jAne taka zarIra kA nirvAha aura isake abhAva meM zarIra kA anirvAha arthAt yoga-pravRtti paryanta audArika pudagaloM kA grahaNa anvaya-vyatireka se siddha hai| isa taraha kevalajJAnI meM AhArakatva, usakA kAraNa asAtavedanIya kA udaya aura audArika pudgaloM kA grahaNa, donoM sampradAya ko samAnarUpa se mAnya hai / donoM sampradAya kI yaha vicAra-samatA itanI adhika hai ki isake sAmane kavalAhAra kA prazna vicArazIloM kI dRSTi meM Apa hI Apa hala ho jAtA hai / kevalajJAnI kavalAhAra ko grahaNa nahIM karate, aisA mAnanevAle bhI unake dvArA anya sUkSma audArika pudgaloM kA grahaNa kiyA jAnA nirvivAda mAnate hI haiM / jinake mata meM kevalajJAnI kavalAhAra grahaNa karate haiM; unake mata se vaha sthUla audArika pudgala ke sivAya aura kucha bhI nahIM hai / isa prakAra kavalAhAra mAnanevAle-na mAnanevAle ubhaya ke mata meM kevalajJAmI ke dvArA kisI-na-kisI prakAra ke audArika pudgaloM kA grahaNa kiyA jAnA samAna hai / aisI dazA meM kavalAhAra ke prazna ko virodha kA sAdhana banAnA artha-hIna hai| (13) 'dRSTivAda'-strI ko dRSTivAda kA anadhikAra [samAnatA-] vyavahAra aura zAstra, ye donoM, zArIrika aura AdhyAtmikavikAsa meM strI ko puruSa ke samAna siddha karate haiM / kumArI tArAbAI kA zArIrikabala meM pro0 rAmamUrti se kama na honA, viduSI ainI bIsenTa kA vicAra va vaktRtvazakti meM anya kisI vicAraka vaktA-puruSa se kama na honA evaM, viduSI sarojinI nAyaDUkA kavitva-zakti meM kisI prasiddha puruSa-kavi se kama na honA, isa bAta kA
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________________ 324 jaina dharma aura darzana pramANa hai ki samAna sAdhana aura avasara milane para strI bhI puruSa - jitanI yogyatA prAsa kara sakatI hai / zvetAmbara AcAryoM ne strI ko puruSa ke barAbara yogya mAnakara use kaivalya va mokSa kI arthAt zArIrika aura AdhyAtmika pUrNa vikAsa kI adhikAriNI siddha kiyA hai| isake lie dekhie, prajJApanA- sUtra0 7, pR0 18 nandI -sUtra 0 21, pR0 130 1 isa viSaya meM matabheda rakhanevAle digambara zrAcAryoM ke viSaya meM bahutakucha likhA gayA hai / isake lie dekhie, nandI-TIkA, pR0 131-133; prajJApanA- TIkA, pR0 20 - 22; zAstravArtA samuccaya- TIkA, pR0 425 - 430 / AlaGkArika paNDita rAjazekhara ne madhyasthabhAvapUrvaka strI jAti ko puruSajAti ke tulya batalAyA hai 'puruSavat yeoSito'pi kavIbhatreyuH / na straiNaM pauruSaM vA vibhAgamapekSate / mahAmAtyaduhitaro gaNikA: kautukabhAryA saMskAro hyAtmani samavaiti, zrUyante dRzyante ca rAjaputryo zAstrapratibuddhAH kavayazca / ' -kAvyamImAMsA - adhyAya 10 / [ virodha-- ] strI ko dRSTivAda ke adhyayana kA jo niSedha kiyA hai, isameM do taraha se virodha AtA hai - ( 1 ) tarka- dRSTi se aura ( 2 ) zAstrokta maryAdA se / (1) eka ora strI ko kevalajJAna va mokSa taka kI adhikAriNI mAnanA aura dUsarI ora use dRSTivAda ke adhyayana ke lie - zrutajJAna-vizeSa ke lieayogya batalAnA, aisA viruddha jAna par3atA hai, jaise kisI ko ratna sauMpakara kahanA ki tuma kaur3I kI rakSA nahIM kara sakate / 1 (2) dRSTivAda ke adhyayana kA niSedha karane se zAstra kathita kArya-kAraNabhAvakI maryAdA bhI bAdhita ho jAtI hai / jaise-- zukladhyAna ke pahale do pAda prApta kiye binA kevalajJAna prApta nahIM hotA; 'pUrva' jJAna ke binA zukladhyAna ke prathama do pAda prApta nahIM hote aura 'pUrva' dRSTivAda kA eka hissA hai / yaha maryAdA zAstra meM nirvivAda svIkRta hai- " 'zukla cAye pUrvavidaH / ' -- tattvArtha zra0 isa kAraNa dRSTivAda ke adhyayana kI anadhikAriNI strI ko kevalajJAna kI adhikAriNI mAna lenA spaSTa viruddha jAna par3atA hai / dRSTivAda ke anadhikAra ke kAraNoM ke viSaya meM do pakSa haiM pa0 6, sU0 36
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________________ dRSTivAda 325 (ka) pahalA pakSa, zrI jinabhradragaNi kSamAzramaNa Adi kA hai| isa pakSa meM strI meM tucchatva, abhimAna, indriya-cAJcalya, mati-mAnya Adi mAnasika doSa dikhAkara usako dRSTivAda ke adhyayana kA niSedha kiyA hai / isake lie dekhie, vize0, mA0, 55vI gAthA / (kha) dUsarA pakSa, zrI haribhadrasUri Adi kA hai| isa pakSa meM azuddhirUpa zArIrika-doSa dikhAkara usakA niSedha kiyA hai / yathA'kathaM dvAdazAGgapratiSedhaH ? tathAvidhavigrahe tato doSAt / ' -lalitavistarA, pR0 211 / niyaSTi se virodha kA parihAra- dRSTivAda ke anadhikAra se strI ko kevalajJAna ke pAne meM jo kArya-kAraNa-bhAva kA virodha dIkhatA hai, vaha vastutaH virodha nahIM hai| kyoMki zAstra, strI meM dRSTivAda ke artha jJAna kI yogyatA mAnatA hai; niSedha sirpha zAbdika adhyayana kA hai / 'zreNipariNatau tu kAlagarbhavadbhAvato bhAvo'viruddha eva / ' -lalitavistarA tathA isakI zrI municandrasUri-kRta paJjikA, pR0 111 / tapa, bhAvanA Adi se jaba jJAnAvaraNIya kA kSayopazama tIvra ho jAtA hai, taba strI zAbdika-adhyayana ke sivAya hI dRSTivAda kA sampUrNa artha-jJAna kara letI hai aura zukladhyAna ke do pAda pAkara kevalajJAna ko bhI pA letI hai 'yadi ca zAstrayogAgamyasAmarthyayogAvaseyabhAveSvatisUkSmeSvapi teSAM viziSTa kSayopazamaprabhavaprabhAvayogAt pUrvadharasyeva bodhAtirekasadbhAvAdAdyazaladhyAnadvagraprAptaH kevalAvAptikrameNa muktiprAptiriti na doSaH, adhyayanamantareNApi bhAvataH pUrvavittvasaMbhavAt , iti vibhAvyate, tadA nimranthInAmapyevaM dvitayasaMbhave doSAbhAvAt / ' ___-zAstravA0, pR0 426 / yaha niyama nahIM hai ki guru mukha se zAbdika-adhyayana binA kiye artha-jJAna na ho / aneka loga aise dekhe jAte haiM, jo kisI se binA par3he hI manana-cintanadvArA apane abhISTa viSaya kA gaharA jJAna prApta kara lete haiN| aba rahA zAbdika adhyayana kA niSedha, so isa para aneka tarka-vitarka utpanna hote hai / yathA-jisameM artha-jJAna kI yogyanA mAna lI jAe, usako sirpha zAbdika-adhyayana ke lie ayogya batalAnA kyA saMgata hai ? zabda, artha-jJAna kA sAdhana mAtra hai| tapa, bhAvanA zrAdi anya sAdhanoM se jo artha-jJAna saMpAdana kara sakatA hai, vaha usa jJAna ko zabda dvArA saMpAdana karane ke lie ayogya hai, yaha
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________________ 126 jaina dharma aura darzana kahanA kahA~ taka saMgata hai ? zAbdika adhyayana ke niSedha ke lie tucchatva abhimAna Adi jo mAnasika doSa dikhAe jAte haiM, ve kyA puruSajAti meM nahIM hote ? yadi viziSTa puruSoM meM ukta doSoM kA prabhAva hone ke kAraNa puruSa- sAmAnya ke lie zAbdika adhyayana kA niSedha nahIM kiyA hai to kyA puruSa-tulya viziSTa striyoM kA saMbhava nahIM hai ? yadi saMbhava hotA to strI-mokSa kA varNana kyoM kiyA jAtA ? zAbdika - adhyayana ke lie jo zArIrika doSoM kI saMbhAvanA kI gaI hai, vaha bhI kyA saca striyoM ko lAgU par3atI hai ? yadi kucha striyoM ko lAgU par3atI hai to kyA kucha puruSoM meM bhI zArIrika azuddhi kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai ? aisI dazA meM puruSa jAti ko chor3a strI jAti ke lie zAbdika adhyayana kA niSedha kisa abhiprAya se kiyA hai ? ina tarkoM ke saMbandha meM saMkSepa meM itanA hI kahanA hai ki mAnasika yA zArIrika doSa dikhAkara zAbdika adhyayana kA jo niSedha kiyA gayA hai, vaha prAyika jAna par3atA hai, arthAt viziSTa striyoM ke lie adhyayana kA niSedha nahIM hai / isake samarthana meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaba viziSTa striyA~, dRSTivAda kA arthajJAna vItarAgabhAva, kevalajJAna aura mokSa taka pAne meM samartha ho sakatI haiM, to phira unameM mAnasika doSoM kI saMbhAvanA hI kyA hai ? tathA vRddha, apramatta aura paramapavitra zrAcAravAlI striyoM meM zArIrika azuddhi kaise batalAI jA sakatI hai ? jinako dRSTivAda ke adhyayana ke lie yogya samajhA jAtA hai, ve puruSa bhI, jaisesthUlabhadra, durbalikA puSyamitra Adi, tucchatva, smRti-doSa Adi kAraNoM se dRSTivAda kI rakSA na kara sake / 'teNa ciMtiyaM bhagiNI iDDi darisemi tti sIharUvaM / --- AvazyakavRtti, pR0 668 / 'tato AyaripahiM dubbaliyapustamitto tassa bAyaNAyario diSNo, tato so kavi divase vAyaNaM dAUNa AyariyamuTThito bhAi sama vAyaNaM daeNlarUsa nAsati, jaM ca saNNAyaghare nANuSpehiyaM, to mama ajkaraMtassa navamaM puvvaM nAsihiti tAhe AyariyA ciMteti- jai tAva eyassa paramamahAvissa evaM bharatassa nAsai annassa cirana ceva / ' - AvazyakavRtti, pR0 308 / aisI vastusthiti hone para bhI striyoM ko hI adhyayana kA niSedha kyoM kiyA gayA ! isa prazna kA uttara do taraha se diyA jA sakatA hai - (1) samAna sAmagrI milane para bhI puruSoM ke mukAbale meM striyoM kA kama saMkhyA meM yogya honA aura (2) aitihAsika-paristhiti /
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________________ dRSTivAda 327 (1) jina pazcimIya dezoM meM striyoM ko par3hane zrAdi kI sAmagrI puruSoM ke samAna prApta hotI hai, vahA~ para itihAsa dekhane se yahI jAna par3atA hai ki striyA~ puruSoM ke tulya ho sakatI haiM sahI, para yogya vyaktiyoM kI saMkhyA, strIjAti kI apekSA puruSa jAti meM adhika pAI jAtI hai / (2) kundakunda-prAcArya sarIkhe pratipAdaka digambara-zrAcAryoM ne strIjAti ko zArIrika aura mAnasika-doSa ke kAraNa dIkSA taka ke lie ayogya ThaharAyA--- 'liMgammi ya itthINaM thaNaMtare NAhikakkhadesamma / bhaNio suhamo kAo, tAsaM kaha hoi pvylaa||' -SaTpAhuDa-sUtrapAhuDa gA0 24-25 / aura vaidika vidvAnoM ne zArIrika-zuddhi ko agra-sthAna dekara strI aura zudgajAti ko sAmAnyataH vedAdhyayana ke lie anadhikArI batalAyA--- _ 'strIzUdrau nAdhIyAtA' ina vipakSI sampradAyoM kA itanA asara par3A ki usase prabhAvita hokara puruSajAti ke samAna strIjAti kI yogyatA mAnate hue bhI zvetAmbara-AcArya use vizeSa-adhyayana ke lie ayogya batalAne lage hoMge / __gyAraha aGga Adi par3hane kA adhikAra mAnate hue bhI sirpha bArahaveM aGga ke niSedha kA sababa yaha bhI jAna par3atA hai ki dRSTivAda kA vyavahAra meM mahattva banA rahe / usa samaya vizeSatayA zArIrika-zuddhipUrvaka par3hane meM veda zrAdi granthoM kI mahattA samajhI jAtI thii| dRSTivAda saba aGgoM meM pradhAna thA, isalie vyavahAradRSTi se usakI mahattA rakhane ke lie anya bar3e par3osI samAja kA anukaraNa kara lenA svAbhAvika hai| isa kAraNa pAramArthika-dRSTi se strI ko saMpUrNatayA yogya mAnate hue bhI zrAcAryoM ne vyAvahArika dRSTi se zArIrika-azuddhi kA khayAla kara usako zAbdika-adhyayanamAtra ke lie ayogya batalAyA hogaa| bhagavAn gautamabuddha ne strIjAti ko bhikSupada ke lie ayogya nirdhArita kiyA thA parantu bhagavAn mahAvIra ne to prathama se hI usako puruSa ke samAna bhinnupada kI adhikAriNo nizcita kiyA thaa| isI se jainazAsana meM caturvidha saMgha prathama se hI sthApita hai aura sAdhu tathA zrAvakoM kI apekSA sAdhviyoM tathA zrAvikAoM kI saMkhyA prArambha se hI adhika rahI hai parantu apane pradhAna ziSya 'Ananda' ke aAgraha se buddha bhagavAn ne jaba striyoM ko bhikSu pada diyA, taba unakI sakhyA dhIredhIre bahuta bar3I aura kucha zatAbdiyoM ke bAda azikSA, kuprabandha Adi kaI kAraNoM se unameM bahuta-kucha aAcAra-bhraMza huA, jisase ki bauddha-saMgha eka taraha se dUSita
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________________ 328 jaina dharma aura darzana samajhA jAne lgaa| sambhava hai, isa paristhiti kA jaina-sampradAya para bhI kucha asara par3A ho, jisase digambara AcAryoM ne strI ko bhikSapada ke lie hI ayogya karAra diyA ho aura zvetAmbara-AcAryoM ne aisA na karake strIjAti kA ucca adhikAra kAyama rakhate hue bhI durbalatA, indriya-capalatA Adi doSoM ko usa jAti meM vizeSa rUpa se dikhAyA ho; kyoMki sahacara-samAjoM ke vyavahAroM kA eka dUsare para prabhAva par3anA anivArya hai| (14) cakSurdarzana ke sAtha yoga cauthe karmagrantha gA0 28 meM cakSurdarzana meM teraha yoga mAne gae haiM, para zrI malayagirijI ne usameM gyAraha yoga batalAe haiM / kArmaNa, audArikamizra, vaikriyamizra aura AhArakamizra, ye cAra yoga chor3a die haiN| -paJca0 dvA0 1 kI 12 vIM gAthA kI TIkA / gyAraha mAnane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki jaise aparyApta-avasthA meM cakSurdarzana na hone se usameM kArmaNa aura audArikamizra, ye do aparyApta avasthA-bhAvI yoga nahIM hote, vaise hI vaikriyamizra yA AhArakamizra-kAya yoga rahatA hai, taba taka arthAt vaikriyazarIra yA AhArakazarIra apUrNa ho taba taka caturdarzana nahIM hotA, isalie usameM vaikriyamizra aura AhArakaMmizra-yoga bhI na mAnane caahie| isa para yaha zaGkA ho sakatI hai ki aparyApta-avasthA meM indriyaparyApti pUrNa bana jAne ke bAda cauthe karmagrantha kI 17 vI gAthA meM ullikhita mAtAntara ke anusAra yadi caturdarzana mAna liyA jAe to usameM audArikamizna kAyayoga, jo ki aparyApta-avasthAbhAvI hai, usakA abhAva kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ? isa zaGkA kA samAdhAna yaha kiyA jA sakatA hai ki paJcasaMgraha meM eka aisA matAntara hai jo ki aparyApta-avasthA meM zarIra paryApti pUrNa na bana jAe taba taka mizrayoga mAnatA hai, bana jAne ke bAda nahIM mAnatA |-pnyc0 dvA0 1kI 7vIM gAthA kI TIkA / isa mata ke anusAra aparyApta-avasthA meM jaba caturdarzana hotA hai taba mizrayoga na hone ke kAraNa cakSurdarzana meM audArikamizra kAyayoga kA varjana viruddha nahIM hai| isa jagaha manaHparyAya jJAna meM teraha yoga mAne hue haiM, jinameM AhAraka dvika kA samAveza hai| para gommaTasAra-karmakANDa yaha nahIM mAnatA; kyoMki usameM likhA hai ki parihAra vizuddha cAritra aura manaHparyAyajJAna ke samaya AhAraka
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________________ kevalisamudghAta 326 zarIra tathA AhAraka aGgopAGga nAmakarma kA udaya nahIM hotA - karmakANDa gA0 324 / jaba taka AhAraka- dvikakA racA nahIM jA sakatA aura usakI racanA ke udaya na ho, taba taka zrAhAraka- zarIra sivAya zrAhArakamizra aura AhAraka, do yoga asambhava haiN| isase siddha hai ki gommaTasAra, manaHparyAyajJAna meM do zrAhAraka yoga nahIM maantaa| isI bAta kI puSTi jIvakANDa kI 728 vIM gAthA se bhI hotI hai / usakA matalaba itanA hI haiM ki manaHparyAyajJAna, parihAra vizuddhasaMyama, prathamopazamasamyaktva aura AhAraka-dvika, ina bhAvoM meM se kisI eka ke prApta hone para zeSa bhAva prApta nahIM hote / (15) 'kevalisamudghAta' (ka) pUrvabhAvI kriyA - kevalisamudghAta racane ke pahale eka vizeSa kriyA kI jAtI hai, jo zubhayoga rUpa hai, jisakI sthiti antarmuhUrtta pramANa hai aura jisakA kArya udayAvalikA meM karma - dalikoM kA nikSepa karanA hai / isa kriyA vizeSa ko 'AyojikAkaraNa' kahate haiM / mokSa kI ora zrAvarjita ( jhuke hue) AtmA ke dvArA kiye jAne ke kAraNa isako 'prAvarjitakaraNa' kahate haiM / aura saba kevalajJAniyoM ke dvArA avazya kiye jAne ke kAraNa isako 'AvazyakakaraNa' bhI kahate haiM / zvetAmbara-sahitya meM AyojikAkaraNa yadi tInoM saMjJAe~ prasiddha haiM / - vize0 A0, gA0 3050-51 tathA paJca0 dvA0 1, gA0 16 kI TIkA / digambara- sAhitya meM sirpha 'zrAvarjitakaraNa' saMjJA prasiddha hai / lakSaNa bhI 'usameM spaSTa hai - 'heTThA daMDassatomuhuttamAvAjjarda have karaNaM / taM ca samugdhAdassa ya himudabhAvo jidissa / ' - labdhisAra, gA0 617 / (kha) ke lisamudghAta kA prayojana aura vidhAna samaya -- jaba vedanIyAdi zraghAti karma kI sthiti tathA dalika, zrAyu karma kI sthiti tathA dalika se adhika hoM taba unako Apasa meM barAbara karane ke lie kevali - samudghAta karanA par3atA hai| isakA vidhAna, antarmuhUrta- pramANa Ayu bAkI rahane ke samaya hotA hai / (ga) svAmI -- kevalajJAnI hI kevalisamudghAta ko racate haiM /
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________________ jaina dharma aura darzana (gha) kAla-mAna -- kevalisamudghAta kA kAla mAna ATha samaya kA hai / (Ga) prakriyA - prathama samaya meM AtmA ke pradezoM ko zarIra se bAhara nikAlakara phailA diyA jAtA hai / isa samaya unakA AkAra, daNDa jaisA banatA hai / / AtmapradezoM kA yaha daNDa, U~cAI meM loka ke Upara se nIce taka, arthAt caudaha rajju-parimANa hotA hai, parantu usakI moTAI sirpha zarIra ke barAbara hotI hai / dUsare samaya meM ukta daNDa ko pUrva-pazcima yA uttara-dakSiNa phailAkara usakA AkAra, kapATa ( kivAr3a ) jaisA banAyA jAtA hai| tIsare samaya meM kapATAkAra Atma-pradezoM ko manyAkAra banAyA jAtA hai, arthAt pUrva-pazcima, uttara-dakSiNa, donoM tarapha phailAne se unakA zrAkAra raI ( mathanI ) kA sA bana jAtA hai| cauthe samaya meM vidizAoM ke khAlI bhAgoM ko Atma pradezoM se pUrNa karake unase sampUrNa loka ko vyApta kiyA jAtA hai / pAcaveM samaya meM AtmA ke loka vyApI pradezoMko saMharaNa-kriyA dvArA phira manthAkAra banAyA jAtA hai / chaThe samaya meM manthAkAra se kapAkAra banA liyA jAtA hai| sAtaveM samaya meM zrAtma- pradeza phira daNDa rUpa banAe jAte haiM aura AThaveM samaya meM unakI asalI sthiti meM - zarIrastha - kiyA jAtA hai / 320 (ca) jaina dRSTi ke anusAra zrAtma vyApakatA kI saMgati - upaniSad, bhagavadgItA Adi granthoM meM AtmA kI vyApakatA kA varNana kiyA hai / 'vizvatazcakSuruta vizvatomukho vizvato bAhuruta vizvatassyAt / " - zvetAzvataropaniSad 3--3 11--15 'sarvataH pANipAdaM tat sarvato'kSiziromukham / sarvataH zrutimalloke, sarvamAvRtya tiSThati / - bhagavadgItA, 13, 13 / jaina- dRSTi ke anusAra yaha varNana arthavAda hai, arthAt AtmA kI mahattA va prazaMsA kA sUcaka hai / isa zrarthavAda kA AdhAra kevalisamudghAta ke cauthe samaya meM AtmA kA loka-vyApI bananA hai / yahI bAta upAdhyAya zrI yazovijayajI ne zAstravArttAsamuccaya ke 338 veM pRSTha para nirdiSTa kI hai / jaise vedanIya Adi karmoM ko zIghra bhogane ke lie samudghAta kriyA mAnI jAtI hai, vaise hI pAtaJjala yoga darzana meM 'bahukA nirmANa kriyA' mAnI hai jisako tattvasAkSAtkartA yogI, sopakrama karma zIghra bhogane ke lie karatA hai / --bAda 3. sU0 22 kA bhAgya tathA vRtti; pAda 4, sUtra 4 kA bhASya tathA vRtti /
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________________ kAla yaheye (16) 'kAla' . ___'kAla' ke saMbandha meM jainAaura vaidika, donoM darzanoM meM karIba DhAI hajAra varSa pahale se do pakSa cale Ate haiN| zvetAmbara graMthoM meM donoM pakSa varNita haiM / digambara-graMthoM meM eka hI pakSa najara AtA hai| (1) pahalA pakSa, kAla ko svatantra dravya nahIM mAnatA / baha mAnatA hai ki jIva aura aura ajIva-dravya kA paryAya-pravAha hI 'kAla' hai / isa pakSa ke anusAra jIvAjIva dravya kA paryAya pariNamana hI upacAra se kAla mAnA jAtA hai| isalie vastutaH jIva aura ajIva ko hI kAla-dravya samajhanA cAhie / vaha unase alaga tattva nahIM hai| yaha pakSa 'jIvAbhigama' Adi AgamoM meM hai / (2) dUsarA pakSa kAla ko svatantra dravya mAnatA hai / vaha kahatA hai ki jaise jIva-pudgala Adi svatantra dravya haiM; vaise hI kAla bhii| isalie isa pakSa ke anusAra kAla ko jIvAdi ke paryAya-pravAharUpa na samajha kara jIvAdi se bhinna tattva hI samajhanA cAhie / yaha pakSa 'bhagavatI' Adi AgamoM meM hai| aAgama ke bAda ke graMthoM meM, jaise-tattvArtha sUtra meM vAcaka umAsvAti ne, dvAtriMzikA meM zrI siddhasena divAkara ne, vizeSAvazyaka-bhASya meM zrI jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne. dharmasaMgrahaNI meM zrI haribhadrasUri ne, yogazAstra meM zrI hemacandrasUri ne, dravya guNa paryAya ke rAsa meM zrI upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne, lokaprakAza meM zrI vinayavijayajI ne aura nayacakrasAra tathA AgamasAra meM zrI devacandajI ne Agama-gata ukta donoM pakSoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / digambara-saMpradAya meM sirpha dUsare pakSa kA svIkAra hai, jo sabase pahale zrI kundAcArya ke graMthoM meM milatA hai| isake bAda pUjyapAdasvAmI, bhaTTAraka zrI akalaGkadeva. vidyAnandasvAmI, nemicandra siddhAntacakravatI aura banArasIdAsa Adi ne bhI usa eka hI pakSa kA ullekha kiyA hai| pahale pakSa kA tAtparya pahalA pakSa kahatA hai ki samaya, AvalikA, muhUrtta, dina-rAta Adi jo vyavahAra, kAla-sAdhya batalAe jAte haiM yA navInatA-purANatA, jyeSThatA-kaniSThatA Adei jo avasthAe~, kAla-sAdhya batalAI jAtI haiM, ve saba kriyA-vizeSa paryAya vizeSa ke hI saMketa haiN| jaise--jIva yA ajIva kA jo payAMya, avibhAjya hai, arthAt buddhi se bhI jisakA dUsarA hissA nahIM ho sakatA, usa AkhirI atisUkSma paryAya ko 'samaya' kahate haiN| aise asaMkhyAta paryAyoM ke puJja ko 'zrAvalikA' kahate haiN| aneka zrAvalikAoM ko 'muhUrta' aura tIsa
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________________ 332 jaina dharma aura darzana muhUrta ko 'dina-rAta ' kahate haiM / do paryAyoM meM se jo pahale huA ho, vaha 'purANa' aura jo pIche se huA ho, vaha 'navIna' kahalAtA hai| do jIvadhAriyoM meM se jo 'pIche se janmA ho, vaha 'kaniSTha aura jo pahile janmA ho, vaha 'jyeSTha' kahalAtA hai / isa prakAra vicAra karane se yahI jAna par3atA hai ki samaya, AvalikA Adi saba vyavahAra aura navInatA Adi saba avasthAe~, vizeSa - vizeSa prakAra ke paryAyoM kehI arthAt nirvibhAga paryAya aura unake choTe-bar3e buddhi-kalpita samUhoM ke hI saMketa haiN| paryAya, yaha jIva-jIva kI kriyA hai, jo kisI tadhvAntara kI preraNA ke sivAya hI huA karatI hai / arthAt jIva ajIva donoM apane-apane paryAyarUpa meM Apa hI pariNata huA karate haiN| isalie vastutaH jIva-jIva ke paryAya- puJja ko hI kAla kahanA cAhie / kAla koI svatantra dravya nahIM hai / dUsare pakSa kA tAtparya - jisa prakAra jIva pudgala meM gati sthiti karane kA svabhAva hone para bhI usa kArya ke lie nimittakAraNarUpa se 'dharma-astikAya' aura 'dharmaastikAya' tattva mAne jAte haiN| isI prakAra jIva jIva meM paryAya- parimana kA svabhAva hone para bhI usake lie nimittakAraNarUpa se kAla-dravya mAnanA cAhie / yadi nimittakAraNarUpa se kAla na mAnA jAe to dharma-astikAya aura dharmaastikAya mAnane meM koI yukti nahIM / dUsare pakSa meM mata bheda kAla ko svatantra dravya mAnanevAloM meM bhI usake svarUpa ke saMbandha meM do mata haiM / (1) kAladravya, manuSya-kSetra mAtra meM -- jyotiSa - cakra ke gati kSetra meM vartamAna hai / vaha manuSya-kSetra pramANa hokara bhI saMpUrNa loka ke parivartanoM kA nimitta banatA hai / kAla, apanA kArya jyotiSa cakra kI gati kI madada se karatA hai / isalie manuSya-kSa etra se bAhara kAladravya na mAnakara use manuSya-kSetra pramANa hI mAnanA yukta hai / yaha mata dharmasaMgrahaNI Adi zvetAmbara -graMthoM meM hai / -- hai / vaha gurUpa hai / gati -hIna aNu, (2) kAladravya, manuSya kSetramAtra vartI nahIM hai; kintu loka-vyApI loka vyApI hokara bhI dharma-astikAya kI taraha skandha nahIM hai; kintu isake aNuoM kI saMkhyA lokAkAza ke pradezoM ke barAbara hai / ve hone se jahA~ ke tahA~ arthAt lokAkAza ke pratyeka pradeza para sthita inakA koI skandha nahIM banatA / isa kAraNa inameM tiryakpracaya ( skandha ) isI sababa se kAla davya ko astikAya meM nahIM na hone para bhI Urdhva-pracaya hai / isase pratyeka kAla rahate haiM / hone kI zakti nahIM hai / ginA hai ! tiryaka - pracaya
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________________ kAla. aNu meM lagAtAra paryAya huA karate haiM / ye hI paryAya, 'samaya' kahalAte haiN| eka-eka kAla-aNu ke ananta samaya-paryAya samajhane cAhie / samaya-paryAya hI anya dravyoM ke paryAyoM kA nimittakAraNa hai| navInatA-purANatA, jyeSThatA kaniSThatA zrAdi saba avasthAe~, kAla-aNu ke samaya-pravAha kI badaulata hI samajhanI cAhie / pudgala paramANu ko loka-AkAza ke eka pradeza se dUsare pradeza taka mandagati se jAne meM jitanI dera hotI hai, utanI dera meM kAla-aNu kA eka samaya-paryAya vyakta hotA hai| arthAt samaya-paryAya aura eka pradeza se dUsare pradeza taka kI paramANu kI manda gati, ina donoM kA parimANa barAbara hai| yaha 'mantavya. digambara-graMthoM meM hai| vastu-sthiti kyA hainizcaya dRSTi se dekhA jAe to kAla ko alaga dravya mAnane kI koI jarUrata nahIM hai| use jIvAjIva ke paryAyarUpa mAnane se hI saba kArya va saba vyavahAra utpanna ho jAte haiM / isalie yahI pakSa, tAttvika hai / anya pakSa, vyAvahArika va aupacArika haiM / kAla ko manuSya-kSetra-pramANa mAnane kA pakSa sthUla loka-vyavahAra para nirbhara hai| aura use aNurUpa mAnane kA pakSa, aupacArika hai, aisA svIkAra na kiyA jAe to yaha prazna hotA hai ki jaba manuSya-kSetra se bAhara bhI navatva purANatva Adi bhAva hote haiM, taba phira kAla ko manuSya-kSetra meM hI kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ? dUsare yaha mAnane meM kyA yukti hai ki kAla, jyotiSa-cakra ke saMcAra kI apekSA rakhatA hai ? yadi apekSA rakhatA bhI ho to kyA vaha lokavyApI hokara jyotiSacakra ke saMcAraka kI madada nahIM le sakatA ? isalie usako manuSyakSetra pramANa mAnane kI kalpanA, sthUla loka vyavahAra para nirbhara hai-kAla ko. aNurUpa mAnane kI kalpanA aupacArika hai / pratyeka pudgala-paramANu' ko hI upacAra se kAlANu samajhanA cAhie aura kAlANu ke apradezaskha ke kathana kI saGgati isI taraha kara lenI cAhie / aisA na mAnakara kAlANu ko svatantra mAnane meM prazna yaha hotA hai ki yadi kAla svatantra dravya mAnA jAtA hai to phira vaha dharma-astikAya kI taraha skandharUpa kyoM nahIM mAnA jAtA hai ? isake sivAya eka yaha bhI prazna hai ki jIva-ajIva ke paryAya meM to nimittakAraNa samaya-paryAya hai| para samaya paryAya meM nimittakAraNa kyA hai ? yadi vaha svabhAvika hone se anya nimitta kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA to phira jIva-ajIva ke paryAya bhI svAbhAvika kyoM na mAne jAe~ ? yadi samaya-paryAya ke vAste anya nimitta kI kalpanA kI jAe to anavasthA AtI hai| isalie aNupakSa ko aupacArika hI mAnanA ThIka hai / .
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________________ 334 jaina dharma aura darzana vaidikadarzana meM kAla kA svarUpa --- vaidikadarzanoM meM bhI kAla ke saMbandha meM mukhya do pakSa haiN| vaizeSikadarzana0 2 0 2 sUtra 6- 10 tathA nyAyadarzana, kAla ko sarvavyApI svatantra dravya mAnate haiM / sAMkhya-- zra0 2, sUtra 12, yoga tathA vedAnta zrAdi darzana-kAla ko svatantra dravya na mAnakara use prakRti-puruSa (jar3a cetana) kA hI rUpa mAnate haiM / yaha dUsarA pakSa, nizcaya-dRSTi-mUlaka haiM aura pahalA pakSa, vyavahAra-mUlaka / jainadarzana meM jisako 'samaya' aura darzanAntaroM meM jisako 'kSaNa' kahA hai, usakA svarUpa jAnane ke lie tathA 'kAla' nAmaka koI svatantra vastu nahIM hai, vaha kevala laukika dRSTivAloM kI vyavahAra - nirvAha ke lie kSaNAnukrama ke viSaya meM kI huI kalpanAmAtra hai, isa bAta ko spaSTa samajhane ke lie yogadarzana, pA0 3 sU0 52 kA bhASya dekhanA cAhie / ukta bhASya meM kAlasaMbandhI jo vicAra hai, vahI nizcaya dRSTi-mUlaka, ataeva tAttvika jAna par3atA hai / vijJAna kI sammati zrAjakala vijJAna kI gati satya dizA kI ora hai / isalie kAlasaMbanvI vicAroM ko usa dRSTi ke anusAra bhI dekhanA cAhie / vaijJAnika loga bhI kAla ko dizA kI taraha kAlpanika mAnate haiM, vAstavika nahIM / taH sa taraha se vicAra karane para yahI nizcaya hotA hai ki kAla ko alaga svatantra dravya mAnane meM dRr3hatara pramANa nahIM hai / ( 17 ) ' mUla bandha - hetu' yaha viSaya, paJcasaMgraha dvA0 4 kI 16 aura 20vIM gAthA meM hai, kintu usake varNana meM cauthe karmagraMtha pR0 176 kI apekSA kucha bheda hai / usameM solaha prakRtiyoM ke bandha ko mithyAtva hetuka, paiMtIsa prakRtiyoM ke bandha ko aviriti hetuka, ar3asaTha prakRtiyoM ke bandha ko kaSAya-hetuka aura sAtavedanIya ke bandha ko yoga-hetuka kahA hai / yaha kathana anvayavyatireka, ubhaya-mUlaka kArya-kAraNa-bhAva ko lekara kiyA gayA hai| jaise - mithyAtva ke sadbhAva meM solaha kA bandha aura usake abhAva meM solaha ke bandha kA abhAva hotA hai; isalie solaha ke bandha kA zranvayavyatireka mithyAtva ke sAtha ghaTa sakatA hai / isI prakAra paiMtIsa ke bandha kA avirati ke sAtha, saTha ke baMdha kA kaSAya ke sAtha aura sAtavedanIya ke bandha kA yoga ke sAtha zranvayavyatireka samajhanA cAhie / paraMtu cauthe karmagraMtha meM kevala anvaya-mUlaka kArya-kAraNa-bhAva ko lekara saMbadha kA "
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________________ kAla 335 varNana kiyA hai, vyatireka kI vivakSA nahIM kI hai; isI se yahA~ kA varNana paJcasaMgraha ke varNana se bhinna mAlUma par3atA hai / anvaya-jaise; mithyAtva ke samaya, avirati ke samaya, kaSAya ke samaya aura yoga ke samaya sAtavedanIya kA bandha avazya hotA hai| isI prakAra mithyAtva ke samaya solaha kA bandha, mithyAtva ke samaya tathA avirati ke samaya paiMtIsa kA bandha aura mithyAtva ke samaya, avirati ke samaya tathA kaSAya ke samaya zeSa prakRtiyoM kA bandha avazya hotA hai / isa anvayamAtra ko lakSya meM rakhakara zrI devendra sUri ne eka, solaha, paiMtIsa aura ar3asaTha ke bandha ko kramazaH caturhetuka, eka-hetuka, dvi-hetuka aura tri-hetuka kahA hai / ukta cAroM bandhoM kA vyatireka to paJcasaMgraha ke varNanAnusAra kevala eka-eka hetu ke sAtha ghaTa sakatA hai / paJcasaMgraha aura yahA~ kI varNana zailI meM bheda hai, tAtparya meM nhiiN| tattvArtha-a0 8 sU0 1meM bandha ke hetu pA~ca kahe hue haiM, usake anusAra a0 6 sU0 1kI sarvArthasiddhi meM uttara prakRtiyoM ke aura bandha-hetu ke kArya-kAraNa-bhAva kA vicAra kiyA hai| usameM solaha ke bandha ko mithyAtva-hetuka, untAlIsa ke bandha ko avirati-hetuka, chaha ke bandha ko pramAda-hetukra, ahAvana ke candha ko kaSAyahetuka aura eka ke bandha ko yoga-hetuka batalAyA hai| avirati ke anaMtAnubandhikaSAya-janya, apratyAkhyAnAvaraNakaSAya-janya, aura pratyAkhyAnAvaraNakaSAyajanya, ye tIna bheda kiye haiN| prathama avirati ko paccIsa ke bandha kA, dUsarI ko dasa ke bandha kA aura tIsarI ko cAra ke bandha kA kAraNa dikhAkara kula untAlIsa ke bandha ko avirati-hetuka kahA hai / paJcasaMgraha meM jina ar3asaTha prakRtiyoM ke bandha ko kaSAya-hetuka mAnA hai, unameM se cAra ke bandha ko pratyAkhyAnAvaraNakaSAya-janya avirati-hetuka aura chaha ke bandha ko pramAda-hetuka sarvArthasiddhi meM batalAyA hai; isalie usameM kaSAya-hetuka bandhavAlI aThThAvana prakRtiyA~ hI kahI huI haiN| (18) upazamaka aura kSapaka kA cAritra gugNasthAnoM meM eka-jIvAzrita bhAvoM kI saMkhyA jaisI cothe karmagraMtha gAthA 70 meM hai, vaisI hI paJcasaMgraha ke dvAra 2 kI 64vIM gAthA meM hai; paraMtu ukta gAthA kI TIkA aura TabA meM tathA paJcasaMgraha kI ukta gAthA kI TIkA meM thor3A sA vyAkhyA-bheda hai / ___TIkA-rabe meM 'upazamaka'-'uezAnta' do padoM se nauvoM, dasavA~ aura gyArahavA~, ye tIna guNasthAna grahaNa kiye gae haiM aura 'apUrva' pada se AThavA~ guNasthAnamAtra /
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________________ . jaina dharma aura darzana nauveM Adi tIna guNasthAna meM upazamazreNivAle aupazamikasamyaktvI ko yA kSAyikasamyaktvI ko cAritra aupazamika mAnA hai| AThaveM guNasthAnoM meM aupazamika yA kSAyika kisI samyaktvavAle ko aupazamika cAritra iSTa nahIM hai, kintu kSAyopazamika / isakA pramANa gAthA meM 'apUrva zabda kA alaga grahaNa karanA hai; kyoMki yadi AThaveM guNasthAna meM bhI aupazAmikacAritra iSTa hotA to 'apUrva zabda alaga grahaNa na karake upazamaka zabda se hI nauveM Adi guNasthAna kI taraha AThave kA bhI * sUcana kiyA jAtA / nauveM aura dasaveM guNasthAna ke kSapakazreNi-gata-jIva-saMbandhI bhAvoM kA va cAritra kA ullekha TIkA yA Tabe meM nahIM hai| paJcasaMgraha kI TIkA meM zrI malayagiri ne 'upazamaka'-'upazAnta pada se AThaveM se gyArahaveM taka upazamazreNivAle cAra guNasthAna aura 'apUrva' tathA 'kSINa' pada se AThavA~, nauvoM, dasavA~ aura bArahavA~, ye kSapakazreNivAle cAra guNasthAna grahaNa kiye haiM / upazamazreNivAle ukta cAroM guNasthAna meM unhoMne aupazamika cAritra mAnA hai, para kSapakazreNivAle cAroM guNasthAna ke cAritra ke saMbandha meM kucha ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| gyArahaveM gaNasthAna meM saMpUrNa mohanIya kA upazama ho jAne ke kAraNa sirpha zraupazamika cAritra hai, nauveM aura dasaveM guNasthAna meM aupazamika-dAyopazamika do cAritra haiM; kyoMki ina do gaNasthAnoM meM cAritra mohanIya kI kucha prakRtiyA~ upazAnta hotI haiM, saba nhiiN| upazAnta prakRtiyoM kI apekSA se aupazamika aura anupazAnta prakRtiyoM kI apekSA se kSAyopazamika-cAritra samajhanA cAhie / yaha bAta isa prakAra spaSTatA se nahIM kahI gaI hai parantu paJca0 dvA0 3kI 25voM gAthA kI TIkA dekhane se isa viSaya meM kucha bhI saMdeha nahIM rahatA kyoMki usameM sUkSmasaMparAya-cAritra ko, jo dasaveM guNasthAna meM hI hotA hai, kSAyopazamika kahA hai| upazamazreNivAle AThaveM, nauveM aura dasaveM guNasthAna meM cAritra mohanIya ke upazama kA Arambha yA kucha prakRtiyoM kA upazama hone ke kAraNa aupazamika cAritra, jaise paJcasaMgraha TokA meM mAnA gayA hai, vaise hI kSapakazreNivAle AThaveM Adi tInoM guNasthAna meM cAritramohanIya ke kSaya kA prArambha yA kucha prakRtiyoM kA kSaya hone ke kAraNa kSAyikacAritra mAnane meM koI virodha nahIM dIkha pdd'taa| gommaTasAra meM upazamazreNivAle AThaveM Adi cAroM guNasthAna meM cAritra aupazamika hI mAnA hai aura kSAyopazamika kA spaSTa niSedha kiyA hai| isI taraha kSapakazreNivAle cAra guNasthAna meM kSAyika cAritra hI mAnakara kSAyopazamika kA
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________________ mAva niSedha kiyA hai| yaha bAta karmakANDa kI 45 aura 846vIM mAthAoM ke dekhane se spaSTa ho jAtI hai| (16) 'bhAva yaha vicAra eka jIva meM kisI vivakSita samaya meM pAe jAnevAle bhAvoM kA hai| ___eka jIva meM bhinna-bhinna samaya meM pAe jAnevAle bhAva aura aneka jIva meM eka samaya meM yA bhinna-bhinna samaya meM pAe jAnevAle bhAva prasaGga-vaza likhe jAte haiN| pahale tIna guNasthAnoM meM zraudayika, kSAyopazamika aura pAriNAmika, ye tIna bhAva, cauthe se gyArahaveM taka ATha guNasthAnoM meM pA~coMbhAva, bArahaveM guNAsthAna meM aupazamika ke sivAya cAra bhAva aura terahaveM tathA caudahave guNasthAna meM aupazamika-kSAyopazamika ke sivAya tIna bhAva hote haiM / aneka jIvoM kI apekSA se guNasthAnoM meM bhAvoM ke uttara bheda kSAyopazamika-pahale do guNasthAnoM meM tIna ajJAna, cakSu Adi do darzana, dAna Adi pA~ca labdhiyA~, ye 10: tIsare meM tIna jJAna, tIna darzana, mizradRSTi, pA~ca labdhiyA~, ye 12; cauthe meM tIsare guNasthAnavAle 12 kintu mizradRSTi ke sthAna meM samyaktya; pA~caveM meM cauthe guNasthAnavAle bAraha tathA dezavirati, kula 13; chaThe, sAtaveM meM ukta teraha meM se deza-virati ko ghaTAkara unameM sarvavirati aura manaHparyavajJAna milAne se 14; AThaveM, nauge aura dasaveM guNasthAnoM meM ukta caudaha meM se samyaktva ke sivAya zeSa 13; gyArahaveM-bArahaveM guNasthAna meM ukta teraha meM se cAritra ko chor3akara zeSa 12 kSAyopazamika bhAva haiM / terahaveM aura caudahaveM meM dAyopazamikabhAva nahIM hai| audayika-pahale gaNasthAna meM ajJAna Adi 21; dUsare meM mithyAtva ke sivAya 20; tIsare-cauthe meM ajJAna ko chor3a 16; pA~caveM meM devagati, nArakagati ke sivAya usta unnIsa meM se zeSa 17, chaThe meM tiryaJcagati aura asaMyama ghaTAkara 15; sAtave meM kRSNa Adi tIna lezyAoM ko chor3akara ukta pandraha meM se zeSa 12: pATha-nauveM meM tejaH aura padma lezyA ke sivAya 10; dasava meM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura tIna veda ke sivAya ukta dasa meM se zeSa 4, gyArahaveM, bArahaveM aura terahaveM guNasthAna meM saMjvalanalobha ko chor3a zeSa 3 aura caudahaveM guNasthAna meM zuklalezyA ke sivAya tIna meM se manuSyagati aura asiddhatva, ye do audayikabhAva haiN|
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________________ 338 jaina dharma aura darzana .. kSAyika pahale tIna guNasthAnoM meM kSAyikabhAva nahIM haiN| cauthe se gyArahaveM taka pATha guNasthAnoM meM samyaktva, bArahaveM meM samyaktva aura cAritra do aura teraharve caudahaveM do guNasthAnoM meM nau kSAyikabhAva haiN| aupazamika-pahale tIna aura bArahaveM Adi tIna, ina chaha guNasthAnoM meM aupazamikabhAva nahIM haiN| cauthe se ATha taka pA~ca guNasthAnoM meM samyaktva, naune se gyArahoM taka tIna guNasthAnoM meM samyaktva aura cAritra, ye do aupazamikabhAva haiN| .. pAriNAmika---pahale guNasthAna meM jIvatva zrAdi tInoM; dUsare se bArahaveM taka gyAraha guNasthAnoM meM jIvatva, bhavyatva do aura terahave-caudahaveM meM jIvatva hI pAriNAmikabhAva hai| bhavyatva anAdi-sAnta hai| kyoMki siddha-avasthA meM usakA abhAva ho jAtA hai / ghAtikarma kSaya hone ke bAda siddha avasthA prApta hone meM bahuta vilaMba nahIM lagatA, isa apekSA se terahaveM caudahaveM guNasthAna meM bhavyatva pUrvAcAryoM ne nahIM mAnA hai| gommaTasAra-karmakANDa kI 820 se 875 taka kI gAthAoM meM sthAna-gata tathA pada-gata bhaGga-dvArA bhAvoM kA bahuta vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai / eka-jIvAzrita bhAvoM ke uttara bheda kSAyopazamika-pahale do guNasthAna meM mati-zruta do yA vibhaGgasahita tIna ajJAna, acakSu eka yA cakSu-acakSu do darzana, dAna Adi pA~ca labdhiyA~; tIsare meM do yA tIna jJAna, do yA tIna darzana, mizradRSTi, pA~ca labdhiyoM; cauthe meM do yA tIna jJAna, aparyApta avasthA meM acakSu eka yA avadhisahita do darzana, aura paryAptaavasthA meM do yA tIna darzana, samyaktva, pA~ca labdhiyA~, pA~cave meM do yA tIna jJAna, do yA tIna darzana, samyaktva, deza virati, pA~ca labdhiyA~; chaThe-sAtaveM meM do tIna yA manaHparyAyaparyanta cAra zAna, do yA tIna darzana, samyaktva, cAritra, pA~ca labdhiyA~; AThaveM, nauveM aura dasaveM meM samyaktva ko chor3a chaThe aura sAtaveM guNasthAnavAle saba kSAyopazamika bhAva / gyArahaveM-bArahaveM meM cAritra ko chor3a dasaveM guNasthAna vAle saba bhAva / audayika-pahale guNasthAna meM ajJAna, asiddhatva, asaMyama, eka lezyA, eka kaSAya, eka gati, eka veda aura mithyAtva; dUsare meM mithyAtva ko chor3a pahale guNasthAna vAle sava audayika; tIsare, cauthe aura pA~cave meM ajJAna ko chor3a dUsare vAle saba; chaThe se lekara nauveM taka meM asaMyama ke sivAya pA~cave vAle saba; dasarve meM veda ke sivAya nauveM vAle saba gyArahaveM-bArahaveM meM kaSAya ke sivAya
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________________ eka-jIvAzrita bhAvoM ke uttara meda 336 dasaveM vAle saba; terahaveM meM asiddhatva, lezyA aura gati; caudahaveM meM gati aura asiddhtv| kSAyika-cauthe se gyArahaveM guNasthAna taka meM samyaktva, bArahaveM meM samyaktva aura cAritra do aura terahaveM caudahaveM meM-nau kSAyika bhAva / / ___ aupazamika-cauthe se aATha taka samyaktva; nauveM se gyArahaveM taka samyaktva aura caaritr| pAriNAmika-pahale meM tInoM; dUsare se bArahaveM taka meM jIvasva aura bhavyatva do; terahaveM aura caudahaveM meM eka jIvatva / I0 1922] [cauthA karmagrantha