Bharat ke Prachin Jain Tirth

Author(s): Jagdishchandra Jain
Publisher: Jain Sanskriti Sanshodhan Mandal
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/034773/1

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zrI yazovijayajI Illlebic le& dAdAsAheba, bhAvanagara, Behere-2020:018 3004847 prAcIna jaina tIrtha DaoN. jagadIzacandra jaina M.A., Ph.D. sAdhanamaDala jainasaskRti sarva loga gagamimA jaina saMskRti saMzodhana maNDala banArasa-5

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sanmati prakAzana naM0 8 bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha DaoN. jagadIzacandra jaina M.A., Ph.D. jati saMgodhanA namaNDala CASS S bal RRC-SSAIN DmavaMtAga WINTER jaina saMskRti saMzodhana maNDala banArasa-5 1952

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prakAzaka maMtrI, jaina saMskRti saMzodhana maNDala banArasa-5. do rupayA mudraka rAmakRSNa dAsa kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya presa, kAzI /

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nivedana bhAratIya itihAsa kI sAmAjika aura rAjanaitika sAmagrI jo prAcIna jaina granthoM meM bikharI par3I hai usakA upayoga karake DaoN. jagadIzacandra jI ne prAcIna bhArata ke viSaya meM apanI pustaka aMgrejI meM likhI thii| ukta pustaka ke lekhana ke samaya bhArata ke prAcIna nagaroM ke viSaya meM jo sAmagrI unheM jainAgama aura pAlipiTakoM meM milI usI ke AdhAra para prastuta pustaka unhoMne likhI hai| pustaka kA nAma yadyapi 'bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha' diyA hai tathApi yaha pustaka kevala jainoM ke lie hI nahIM kintu bhAratIya prAcIna itihAsa aura bhUgola ke paMDitoM ke lie bhI atyanta upayogI siddha hogI isameM tanika bhI saMdeha nhiiN| kyoMki isameM jaina tIrthoM ke nAma se jina nagaroM kA varNana kiyA hai vaha vastutaH bhAratavarSa ke prAcIna nagaroM kA hI varNana hai| __lekhaka ne, jahA~ taka saMbhava huA hai, una prAcIna nagaroM kA Aja ke nakaze meM kahA~ kisa rUpa se sthAna hai yaha dikhAne kA kaThina kArya karake prAcIna itihAsa kI aneka gutthiyoM ko sulajhAne kA saphala prayatna kiyA hai| isase jainoM ko hI nahIM kintu bhAratIya itihAsa ke paMDitoM ko bhI naI jJAnasAmagrI milegii| isa dRSTi se prastuta pustaka kA mahattva bahuta bar3ha gayA hai| ___ pustaka meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kAlIna bhArata kA aura bhagavAn mahAvIra ke vihAra sthAnoM kA bhI nakazA diyA gayA hai| usakA AdhAra unakI ukta aMgrejI pustaka hai| hamArI icchA rahI ki pustaka meM kucha citra bhI die jAte kintu maMDala kI Arthika maryAdA ko dekha kara vaisA nahIM kiyA gyaa| DaoN. jagadIzacandra ne prastuta pustaka maMDala ko prakAzanArtha dI etadartha meM unakA AbhAra mAnatA huuN| tA0 8-2-52 banArasa-5. nivedaka dalasukha mAlavaNiyA maMtrI, bana saMskRti saMzodhana maMDala

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viSayAnukrama prAstAvika 1. pArzvanAtha aura unake ziSyoM kA vihAra 2. mahAvIra kI vihAra caryA 3. jaina zramaNa saMgha aura jainadharma kA prasAra 4. bihAra-nepAla-ur3IsA-baMgAla-baramA 5. uttara pradeza 6. paMjAba-siMdha-kAThiyAvADa-gujarAta-rAjaputAnA-mAlavA-bundelakhaNDa 7. dakSiNa-barAra-haidarAbAda-mahArASTra-koMkaNa-Andhra-dravir3akarNATaka-kurga Adi zabdAnukramaNikA adaza mAnacitra 1. bhagavAn mahAvIra ke dvArA avalokita sthAna 2. bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya kA bhArata

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prAstAvika itihAsa se patA calatA hai ki anya vijJAnoM kI taraha bhUgola kA vikAsa bhI zanaiH zanaiH huA / jyoM jyoM bhArata kA anya dezoM ke sAtha banija-vyApAra bar3hA, aura vyApArI loga vANijya ke liye sudUra dezoM meM gaye, unheM dUsare dezoM ke rIti-rivAja, kisse-kahAniyA~ Adi ke jAnane kA avasara milA, aura svadeza lauTa kara unhoMne usa jJAna kA pracAra kiyaa| varSa meM ATha mahIne janapada-vihAra ke liye paryaTana karane vAle jaina, bauddha Adi zramaNoM tathA parivAjakoM ne bhI bhArata ke bhaugolika jJAna ko vRddhiMgata kiyA / jaina Agama granthoM kI TIkA-TippaNiyoM tathA bauddhoM kI aTakathAoM meM uttarApatha, dakSiNApatha Adi ke rIti-rivAja, rahana-sahana, khetI-bArI Adi ke sambandha meM jo ullekha pAte haiM unase ukta kathana kA samarthana hotA hai| __khoja-bIna se patA lagatA hai ki jisa bhUgola ko hama paurANika athavA kAlpanika samajhate haiM vaha sarvathA kAlpanika pratIta nahIM hotA / udAharaNa ke liye, jaina bhUgola kI nIla parvata se nikala kara pUrva samudra meM giranevAlI sItA nadI kI pahacAna cInI logoM kI si-to (Si-to) nadI se kI jA sakatI hai, jo kisI samudra meM na milakara kAzagara kI retI meM vilupta ho jAtI hai / isI taraha bauddha granthoM se patA lagatA hai ki jambudvIpa bhAratavarSa kA aura himavata himAlaya parvata kA hI dUsarA nAma hai| jJAtAdharma kathA ke ullekhoM se mAlUma hotA hai ki prAcIna kAla meM hinda mahAsAgara ko lavaNasamudra kahA jAtA thaa| isI prakAra khoja karane se anya bhaugolika sthAnoM kA patA lagAyA jA sakatA hai| bAta yaha huI ki Ajakala kI taraha prAcIna kAla meM yAtrA Adi ke mAdhana sulabha na hone ke kAraNa bhUgola kA vyavasthita adhyayana nahIM ho skaa| pariNAma yaha huA ki jaba dUravartI adRSTa sthAnoM kA prazna aAyA to saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta yojana Adi kI kalpanA kara zAstrakAroM ne kalpanA-samudra meM khUba

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha gote lagAye, jisase Age cala kara bhUgola bhI dharmazAstra kA eka aGga bana gayA aura vaha kevala zraddhAlu bhaktoM ke kAma kI cIz2a raha gii| prAcIna tIrthoM ke viSaya meM carcA karate hue dUmarI mahattvapUrNa bAta digambara aura zvetAmbara sampradAya ke sambandha meM hai| prAcArAMga Adi jaina sUtroM se spaSTa hai ki mahAvIra ke samaya sacela aura acela donoM prakAra ke zramaNa jaina saMgha meM raha sakate the, yadyapi svayaM mahAvIra ne jinakalya-acelatva-ko hI aMgIkAra kiyA thA / uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke antargata kezI-gautama saMvAda nAmaka adhyayana meM pArzvanAtha ke ziSya kezIkumAra ke prazna karane para mahAvIra ke gaNadhara gautama svAmI ne uttara diyA hai ki "he mahAmune, sAdhya kI siddhi meM liGga-veSa--kevala bAhya sAdhana hai, asalI to jJAna, darzana aura cAritra haiN|" jAna par3atA hai ki mahAvIra ke bAda bhI jaina zramaNoM meM acela (digambara) rahane kI prathA jArI rhii| zvetAmbara granthoM se patA lagatA hai ki prAcArya sthUlabhadra ke ziSya prAcArya mahAgiri ne Arya susti ko apane gaNa kA bhAra sauMpa kara jinakalpa dhAraNa kiyaa| isI prakAra pAryarakSita ne jaba apane kuTumba ko dIkSA denI cAhI to unake pitA ne dIkSA grahaNa karate hue saMkoca vyakta kiyA ki unheM apanI putrI aura putra-vadhutroM ke samakSa nagna avasthA meM rahanA par3egA ! tatpazcAt bRhatkalpa bhASya (IsavI san kI lagabhaga cauthI zatAbdi) se patA lagatA hai ki mahArASTra meM jaina zramaNoM ke nagna rahane kI prathA thI aura inheM loga apazakuna mAnate the / bhAratIya mUrti-kalA ke adhyayana se patA lagatA hai ki sabase pahale mauryakAlIna yakSoM kI mUrtiyA~ nirmANa kI gaI thiiN| jaina aura bauddha sUtroM meM aneka yakSa-mandiroM (yakSAyatana ) ke ullekha milate haiM jahA~ mahAvIra aura buddha apane vihAra-kAla meM ThaharA karate the / ye yakSa grAma yA nagara ke rakSaka mAne jAte the| choTe-bar3e saba loga inakI pUjA-upAsanA karate the| yakSoM meM sabase prAcIna mUrti maNibhadra (prathama zatAbdi I0 pU0 ) kI upalabdha huI hai / yakSoM ke pazcAt bodhisattva, buddha aura jina kI mUrtiyA~ nirmANa kI jAne lgiiN| rAjA kaniSka ke samaya kI ye mUrtiyA~ mathurA meM upalabdha huI haiM / bodhisattva kI prAcInatama mUrti IsavI san 8 kI milI hai / mathurA ke kaGkAlI Tole meM jo AyAga paTa para lagabhaga 2000 varSa prAcIna jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI mUrtiyA~ milI haiM ve nagna avasthA meM haiM tathA digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM sampradAyoM dvArA pUjI jAtI

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prAstAvika haiM / isase spaSTa hai ki IsavI sana ke pUrva digambara aura zvetAmbara mUrtiyoM meM koI antara na thA / vastutaH usa samaya tIrthaMkaroM yA siddhoM ke caraNoM kI pUjA hotI thI / sammedazikhara, hastinApura Adi tIrtha-kSetroM para Ajakala bhI caraNapAdukAyeM hI banI huI haiM / vAstava meM prAcIna kAla meM jo zilyakalA dvArA buddha-jIvana ke citra aGkita kiye gaye haiM, ve bodhivRkSa, chatra, pAdukA aura dharmacakra Adi rUpoM dvArA hI vyakta kiye gaye haiM, mUrti dvArA nhiiN| .. 17vIM sadI ke zvetAmbara vidvAn paNDita dharmasAgara upAdhyAya ne apanI pravacana parIkSA meM likhA hai ki jaba giranAra aura zatrujaya tIrthoM para digambara aura zvetAmbaroM kA vivAda hA aura donoM sthAnoM para zvetAmbaroM kA adhikAra ho gayA to Age koI jhagar3A na hone dene ke lie zvetAmbara saMgha ne nizcaya kiyA ki aba se jo naI pratimAyeM banavAI jAga, unake pAdamUla meM vastra kA cihna banA diyA jAya / usa samaya se digambariyoM ne bhI apanI pratimAoM ko spaSTa nama banAnA zurU kara diyaa| isase mAlUma hotA hai ki ukta vivAda ke pahale digambara aura zvetAmbara sampradAyoM kI pratimAoM meM koI bheda nahIM thA, donoM ekatra hokara pUjA-upAsanA karate the| itanA hI nahIM, usa samaya eka hI mandira meM indramAlA kI bolI bolI jAtI thI, jise donoM sampradAya ke loga paisA dekara kharIdate the| tapAgaccha ke zvetAmbara muni zIlavijaya jI ne vi0 saM0 1731-32 meM dakSiNa kI yAtrA karate hue apanI tIrthamAlA meM jainabadrI, mUDavidrI, kArakala Adi digambarIya tIrthoM kA paricaya diyA hai| isase mAlUma hotA hai ki unhoMne ina tIrthoM kI bhanibhAva se vandanA kI thii| akabara ke samakAlIna zvetAmbara vidvAn hIravijaya sUri ne bhI mathurA se lauTate hue gvAliyara kI bAvanagajI digambara mUrti ke darzana kie the| isase mAlUma hotA hai ki abhI thor3e varSa pahale taka digambara aura zvetAmbara eka dUsare ke mandiroM meM Ate-jAte the, aura ve sAmpradAyika vyAmoha se mukta the| __aSTApada (kailAsa), campA, pAvA, sammedazikhara, Urjayanta (giranAra) aura zatrujaya Adi tIrtha marvamAnya tIrtha samajhe jAte haiM, aura ina kSetroM ko digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM samAna rUpa se pUjate Ae haiM, isase patA lagatA hai ki donoM ke tIrtha-sthAna eka the| lekina Age cala kara donoM sampradAyoM ne apane apane tIyoM kA nirmANa prArambha kara diyA, bahuta se naye tIrthoM kI sthA ( 3 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha panA ho gaI, aura naubata yahA~ taka pahu~cI ki eka dUsare ke tIrthoM para z2abardastI adhikAra kiyA jAne lagA aura lAkhoM rupayA pAnI kI taraha bahAkara landana kI privI kauMsila se phaisaloM kI AzA kI jAne lagI ! durbhAgya se jainoM ke aneka prAcIna tIrtha sthAnoM kA patA nahIM calatA / isake sivAya aSTApada, zrAvasti, mithilA, purimatAla, bhadrilapura, kauzAMbI, ahicchatrA, purI, takSazilA, vItibhayapattana, dvArikA Adi aneka tIrtha vicchinna ho gaye haiM aura jaina yAtrI prAyaH Ajakala ina tIrthoM kI yAtrA nahIM karate / isI taraha gajapaMthA, Una Adi tIrthoM kA digambara bhaTTArakoM aura dhanikoM ne navanirmANa kara DAlA hai| ina saba bAtoM kA gaveSaNApUrNa adhyayana honA cAhie, usI samaya jaina tIrthoM kA ThIka-ThIka itihAsa likhA jA sakatA hai / yadyapi jaina sUtroM meM pArasa (IrAna), joNaga (yavana), cilAta (kirAta), alasaNDa ( elekz2eNDriyA ) Adi katipaya anArya dezoM kA ullekha AtA hai, lekina mAlUma hotA hai ki AcAra-vicAra aura bhakSyAbhakSya ke niyamoM kI kar3AI ke kAraNa bauddha zramaNoM kI nAI jaina zramaNa bhArata ke bAhara dharmapracAra ke lie nahIM jA sake / nizIthacUrNi meM prAcArya kAlaka ke pArama deza meM jAne kA ullekha avazya AtA hai, lekina ve dharma-pracAra ke lie na jAkara vahA~ ujjayinI ke rAjA gardabhilla se badalA dene ke lie gae the| 28, zivAjI pArka, bambaI 28 jagadIzacandra jaina

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pArzvanAtha aura unake ziSyoM kA vihAra pahale bhagavAn mahAvIra ko jaina dharma kA saMsthApaka mAnA jAtA thA, lekina aba vidvAnoM kI khoja se yaha pramANita ho gayA hai ki mahAvIra ke pUrva bhI jaina dharma vidyamAna thaa| ___yadyapi bauddha tripiTakoM meM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kA ullekha nahIM pAtA, lekina unake cAturyAma saMvara kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai / jaina zAstroM ke anusAra pArzvanAtha kA janma vArANamI* (banArasa ) meM huA thaa| unakI mAtA kA nAma vAmA aura pitA kA nAma azvasena thA / pArzvanAtha 30 varSa taka gRhastha avasthA meM rahe, 70 varSa taka unhoMne sAdhu jIvana vyatIta kiyA, aura 100 varSa kI avasthA meM sammedazikhara ( pArasanAtha hila, haz2ArIbAg2a) para tapa karane ke pazcAt nirvANa pada pAyA / pArzvanAtha puruSazreSTha (purisAdAnIya ) kahe jAte the / unake aATha pradhAna ziSya ( gaNadhara ) the aura unhoMne sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka aura zrAvikAoM ke caturvidha saMgha kI sthApanA kI thii| pArzvanAtha ne apane sAdhu jIvana meM sAketa, zrAvasti, kauzAMbI, rAjagRha, aAmalakapyA, kAMpilyapura, ahicchatrA, hastinApura Adi sthAnoM meM vihAra kiyA thaa| __ pArzvanAtha ke zramaNa pAvApatya (pAsAvaccijja) nAma se pukAre jAte the / prAcArAMga sUtra meM mahAvIra ke mAtA-pitA ko pArzvanAtha kI paramparA kA * isa pustaka meM ullikhita tIrtha sthAnoM ke vizeSa vivaraNa aura unakI pahacAna ke havAloM ke liye dekhiye lekhaka kI 'lAipha ina aiMziyeMTa inDiyA aiz2a DipikTeDa ina da jaina kainansa' nAmaka pustaka kA pA~cavA~ bhAga / ( 5 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha anuyAyI kahA gayA hai / AvazyakacUrNi meM pArzvanAtha ke aneka zramaNoM kA ullekha milatA hai jo mahAvIra kI sAdhu jIvana kI cArikA ke samaya maujUda the / udAharaNa ke liye, utpala zramaNa ne pArzvanAtha kI zramaNa paramparA meM dIkSA lI thI, lekina bAda meM unhoMne dIkSA chor3a dI aura ahiyagAma meM jyotiSI banakara rahane lge| somA aura jayantI utpala kI do bahineM thiiN| inhoMne bhI pArzvanAtha kI dIkSA chor3akara parivrAjikAoM kI dIkSA le lI thii| pArzvanAtha ke dUsare zramaNa sthavira municandra the / ye bahuzruta sthavira apane ziSya parivAra ke sAtha kumArAya saMniveza meM kisI kumhAra kI zAlA meM rahate the / eka bAra maMkhaliputra gozAla jaba mahAvIra ke sAtha vihAra kara rahe the to ve sthavira municandra ke pAsa Aye aura unheM prArambha tathA parigraha sahita dekhakara unhoMne prazna kiyA ki Apa loga sAraMbha aura maparigraha hokara bhI zramaNa nigraMtha kaise kahe jA sakate haiM ? bAta yahA~ taka bar3ha gaI ki gozAla ne unake nivAsa sthAna (pratizraya ) ko jalA dene kI dhamakI dii| lekina mahAvIra ne gAMzAla ko samajhAyA ki ve loga pArzvanAtha ke anuyAyI sthavira sAdhu hai, ataeva unakA koI kucha nahIM bigAr3a sakatA / ina sthaviroM ke AcAra-vicAra ke sambandha meM kahA gayA hai ki ye anta meM jinakalpa dhAraNa karate the, tathA tapa, sattva, sUtra, ekatva aura bala nAmaka pA~ca bhAvanAoM se saMyukta hokara upAzraya meM, upAzraya ke bAhara, caurAhoM para, zUnyagRhoM meM aura zmazAnoM meM rahakara tapa karate the| ___ bhagavatI sUtra meM vANiyagAma nivAsI zramaNa gAMgeya kA ullekha AtA hai, jinhoMne pArzvanAtha kA cAturyAma dharma tyAga kara mahAvIra ke pA~ca mahAvrata svIkAra kiye / ukta sUtra meM tuMgiya nagarI ko pArzvanAtha ke sthaviroM kA kendrasthAna batAte hue vahA~ 500 sthaviroM ke vihAra karane kA ullekha hai / ina sthaviroM meM kAliyaputra, mehila, Anandarakkhiya aura kAsava ke nAma mukhya haiM / sUtrakRtAMga meM pArzvanAtha ke anuyAyI medArya gotrIya udaka peDhAlaputta kA nAma AtA hai / mahAvIra ke pradhAna ziSya gautama indrabhUti ke sAtha inakA vAda huA aura anta meM inhoMne mahAvIra ke pAsa jAkara unake pA~ca mahAvratoM ko svIkAra kiyA / uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM caturdaza pUrvadhArI kumArazramaNa kezI kA ullekha pAtA hai / kezIkumAra apane 500 ziSya-parivAra ke sAtha zrAvasti nagarI meM vihAra karate the| yahA~ para gautama indrabhUti ke sAtha inakA vArtAlApa

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pArzvanAtha aura unake ziSyoM kA vihAra huA aura inhoMne pArzvanAtha kA cAturyAma dharma chor3akara mahAvIra ke pA~ca mahAvratoM ko svIkAra kara liyaa| isa prasaMga para gautama indrabhUti ne kezIkumAra ko samajhAyA-"pArzva aura mahAvIra donoM mahAtapasviyoM kA uddezya eka hai, aura donoM hI jJAna, darzana aura cAritra se mokSa kI siddhi mAnate haiM / antara itanA hI hai ki pArzvanAtha ne ahiMsA, satya, acaurya aura aparigraha-ina cAra vratoM ko mAnA hai, jaba ki mahAvIra ina vratoM meM brahmacarya vrata milAkara pA~ca vrata svIkAra karate haiN| isake atirikta, pArzvanAtha kA dharma sacela (savastrasantaruttara) hai, aura mahAvIra acela (nama ) dharma ko mAnate haiM, lekina he mahAmune, bAharI veSa to sAdhana mAtra hai, vAstava meM citta kI zuddhi se mokSa kI prApti hotI hai / " pArzvanAtha kI zramaNa paramparA meM striyA~ bhI dIkSita ho sakatI thIM / jJAtA dharma kathA aura nirayAvali sUtroM meM aisI aneka striyoM ke nAmollekha pAte haiM / pArzvanAtha ke bhikSuNI saMgha meM puSyacUlA nAmaka gaNinI mukhya thii| unakI eka ziSyA kA nAma kAlI thaa| mathurA ke jaina zilAlekhoM meM bhI prAryAnoM kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| __pArzvanAtha aura unake ziSyoM ne bihAra aura uttarapradeza ke jina sthAnoM meM vihAra kiyA thA, una saba sthAnoM kI gaNanA bhArata ke prAcInatama jaina tIrthoM meM kI jAnI caahie|

Page #13
mahAvIra kI vihAra-caryA pArzvanAtha ke lagabhaga aDhAI sau varSa bAda videha kI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI (bamAr3ha, muz2aphpharapura) ke upanagara kSatriyakuNDagrAma (kuNDagrAma athavA kuNDapura, aAdhunika basukuNDa ) meM mahAvIra kA janma huA thA / mahAvIra kI mAtA kA nAma trizalA aura pitA kA nAma siddhArtha thA / tIsa varSa kI avasthA meM mahAvIra ne dIkSA grahaNa kI, bAraha varSa tapa kiyA aura tIma varSa taka deza-dezAntara meM vihAra kiyA / tatpazcAt bahattara varSa kI avasthA meM I0 pU0 528 ke lagabhaga majjhimapAvA ( pAvApurI, bihAra ) meM nirvANa lAbha kiyA / prathama varSa mahAvIra vardhamAna ne ma~gasira vadI 10 ke dina kSatriyakuNDagrAma ke bAhara jJAtRkhaNDa nAmaka udyAna meM azoka vRkSa ke nIce zramaNa-dIkSA grahaNa kI aura eka muhUrta dina avazeSa rahane para kummAragAma pahu~ca kara ve dhyAna meM avasthita ho gae / dUsare dina mahAvIra kollAka saMniveza pahu~ce aura vahA~ se morAga saMniveza pahu~ca kara duijaMta nAma ke tApasa Azrama meM tthhre| eka rAta Thahara kara unhoMne yahA~ se vihAra kiyA aura ATha mahIne taka ghUma-phirakara ve phira isI sthAna meM pAe / yahA~ pandraha dina raha kara mahAvIra aThiyagAma cale gae, jahA~ unheM zUnapAgi yakSa ne upamarga kiyaa| yahA~ mahAvIra cAra mahIne rahe / yaha unakA prathama cAturmAsa thaa| dUsarA varSa zarad Rtu Ane para mahAvIra yahA~ se morAga saMniveza gae / vahA~ se unhoMne vAcAlA kI tarafa vihAra kiyA / vAcAlA dakSiNa aura uttara bhAgoM meM vibhakta

Page #14
bha. mahAvIra dvArA avalokita sthAna [500 I.pU.) samidhilA sthaNAka llAgA. vaizAlI koTi vArANasI mAdhyapAvAgAvayA sivANiyagrAma kaNDalapura0kayaMgalA nAlandA rAjagrahalAda sollaamaalaa o padAlagama Wours tosalI

Page #15
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Page #16
mahAvIra kI vihAra-caryA tho / donoM ke bIca meM suvarNakUlA aura rUpyakulA nAmaka nadiyA~ bahatI thiiN| mahAvIra ne dakSiNa vAcAlA se uttara vAcAlA kI ora prasthAna kiyA / uttara vAcAlA jAte hue bIca meM kanakakhala nAma kA aAzrama par3atA thA / yahA~ se mahAvIra seyaviyA nagarI paha~ce, jahA~ pradezI rAjA ne unakA Adara-satkAra kiyaa| tatpazcAt gaMgA nadI pAra kara mahAvIra surabhipura pahu~ce aura vahA~ se thUNAka saMniveza pahu~ca kara dhyAna meM avasthita ho gae / yahA~ se mahAvIra rAjagRha gae aura usake bAda nAlandA ke bAhara kisI julAhe kI zAlA meM dhyAnAvasthita ho gae / saMyogavaza maMkhaliputra gozAla bhI usa samaya yahIM ThaharA huA thaa| mahAvIra ke vyaktitva se prabhAvita hokara vaha unakA ziSya bana gayA / yahA~ se cala kara donoM kollAga saMniveza phuNce| mahAvIra ne yahA~ dUsarA cAturmAma bitAyA / tIsarA varSa tatpazcAt mahAvIra aura gozAla suvannakhalaya phuNce| vahA~ se brAhmaNagrAma gaye / yahA~ nanda aura upananda nAmaka do bhAI rahate the, aura donoM ke alaga alaga mohalle the / guru-ziSya yahA~ se calakara caMpA phuNce| bhagavAn ne yahA~ tIsarA cAturmAsa vyatIta kiyA / cauthA varSa tatpazcAt donoM kAlAya saMniveza jAkara eka zUnyagRha meM Thahare / vahA~ se pattakAlaya gaye, aura vahA~ se kumArAya saMniveza jAkara caMparamaNija nAmaka udyAna meM dhyAnAvasthita ho gaye / yahA~ pArthApatya sthavira municandra Thahare hue the, jinake viSaya meM Upara kahA jA cukA hai| yahA~ se calakara donoM corAga saMniveza pahu~ce, lekina yahA~ guptacara samajhakara donoM pakar3a liye gaye / yahA~ se donoM ne pRSThacaMpA ke lie prasthAna kiyA / mahAvIra ne yahA~ cauthA caumAsA bitaayaa| pA~cavA~ varSa pAraNA ke bAda mahAvIra aura gozAla yahA~ se kayaMgalA ke lie ravAnA hue / vahA~ se zrAvasti pahu~ce, phira haleddaya gaye / phira donoM naGgalAgrAma pahu~ca ( 6 )

Page #17
bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha kara vAsudeva ke mandira meM dhyAna meM lIna ho gaye / tatpazcAt donoM zrAvattAgrAma jAkara baladeva mandira meM Thahare / yahA~ se donoM corAya saMniveza pahu~ce, phira kalaMbuka saMniveza zrAye | yahA~ donoM qaida kara lie gaye / tatpazcAt guru-ziSya lAr3ha deza kI ora cale / lAr3ha deza vajjabhUmi aura subbhabhUmi nAmaka do bhAgoM meM vibhakta thA / isa deza meM gA~voM kI saMkhyA bahuta kama thI, aura bahuta dUra calane para bhI vasati (nivAsa sthAna ) milanA kaThina hotA thA / yahA~ ke nivAsI rukSa bhojana karane ke kAraNa prakRti se krodhI hote the / ye loga sAdhutroM se dveSa karate the, unheM kuttoM se kaTavAte the, aura una para daNDa Adi se prahAra karate the| ye loga yatiyoM ko Upara se uThAkara nIce paTaka dete, tathA unake godohana, ukaDU aura vIra zrAdi zrAsanoM se girAkara unheM mArate the / kapAsa Adi ke prabhAva meM yahA~ ke loga tRNa Ar3ate the / lAr3ha deza meM mahAvIra aura gozAla ne aneka prakAra ke kaSTa sahanakara chaha mAsa vihAra kiyA / isa deza meM bauddha sAdhu kuttoM ke upadrava se bacane ke lie apanI deha ke barAbara cAra aMgula moTI lAThI lekara calate the, lekina mahAvIra ne yahA~ binA kisI lAThI Adi ke bhramaNa kiyA / tatpazcAt donoM punnakalasa hote hue bhaddiya nagarI lauTAye / mahAvIra ne yahA~ pA~cavA~ cAturmAsa bitAyA / chaThA varSa tatpazcAt donoM kadalIgrAma, jaMbUsaMDa aura taMbAya saMniveza hote hue kUviya saMniveza pahu~ce / yahA~ inheM guptacara samajha kara pakar3a liyA gayA / usake bAda donoM vaizAlI Aye / yahA~ Akara gozAla ne mahAvIra se kahA ki jaba mujha para koI Apatti AtI hai to Apa merI sahAyatA nahIM karate | yaha kaha kara gozAla mahAvIra kA sAtha chor3akara calA gayA / mahAvIra vaizAlI se gAmAya saMniveza hote hue, sAlisIsaya grAma pahu~ce / yahA~ unheM kaTapUtanA vyaMtarI ne aneka kaSTa die / kucha samaya bAda gozAla phira mahAvIra ke pAsa yA gayA / donoM bhaddiya pahu~ce / mahAvIra ne yahA~ chaThA varSAvAsa vyatIta kiyA / sAtavA~ varSa tatpazcAt guru-ziSya ne magadha deza meM vihAra kiyA / yahA~ zrAlabhiyA nagarI meM mahAvIra ne sAtavA~ varSAvAsa vyatIta kiyA / ( 10 )

Page #18
mahAvIra kI vihAra-caryA AThavA~ varSa isake bAda donoM kuMDAga saMniveza jAkara vAsudeva ke mandira meM dhyAna meM avasthita ho gaye / vahA~ se maddaNA grAma pahu~cakara baladeva ke mandira meM Thahare / vahA~ se bahusAlaga grAma phuNce| yahA~ sAlajA vyantarI ne upasarga kiyA / tatpazcAt donoM ne lohaggala rAjadhAnI kI ora prasthAna kiyaa| yahA~ unheM rAjapuruSoM ne guptacara samajhakara pakar3a liyA / yahA~ se donoM purimatAla pahu~ce aura -zakaTamukha udyAna meM dhyAnAvasthita ho gaye / yahA~ se donoM ne unnATa kI ora prasthAna kiyA, aura vahA~ se gobhUmi pahu~ce / tatpazcAt donoM rAjagRha pAye / yahA~ mahAvIra ne AThavA~ cAturmAsa vyatIta kiyA / nauvA~ varSa gozAla ko sAtha lekara mahAvIra ne phira se lADha deza kI yAtrA kI, aura yahA~ vajabhUmi aura subbhabhUmi meM vicaraNa kiyaa| aba kI bAra mahAvIra yahA~ chaha mahIne taka rahe aura unhoMne aneka prakAra ke kaSTa sahana karate hue yahIM cAturmAsa vyatIta kiyA / dasavA~ varSa tatpazcAt mahAvIra aura gozAla siddhatthapura Aye / yahA~ se donoM jaba kummagAma jA rahe the to jaMgala meM eka tila ke paudhe ko dekhakara gozAla ne prazna kiyA ki vaha paudhA naSTa ho jAyagA yA nahIM ? mahAvIra ne uttara diyA ki paudhA naSTa ho jAyagA, lekina usakA bIja phira paudhe ke rUpa meM pariNata hogaa| kummagAma meM vaizyAyana nAmaka bAla tapasvI ko tapa karate dekhakara gozAla ne pUchA-"tuma muni ho yA jUtroM kI zayyA ?" isa para vaizyAyana ne kruddha hokara gozAla para tejolezyA chodd'ii| mahAvIra ne zItalezyA kA prayoga kara gozAla ko bacAyA / isa ke bAda kummagAma se siddhatthapura lauTate hue mahAvIra ke kathanAnusAra jaba gozAla ne uge hue tila ke paudhe ko dekhA to vaha niyativAdI ho gayA aura mahAvIra se alaga hokara zrAvasti meM kisI kumhAra kI zAlA meM Akara mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita tejolezyA kI siddhi ke liye prayatna karane lgaa| mahAvIra ne vaizAlI ke liye prasthAna kiyA aura nAva se gaNDakI nadI pAra kara vANiyagAma pahu~ce / vahA~ se zrAvasti pahu~ca kara mahAvIra ne dasavA~ caumAsA vyatIta kiyA /

Page #19
bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha gyArahavA~ varSa tatpazcAt mahAvIra ne sAnulahiyagAma kI ora prasthAna kiyA / vahA~ se ve daDhabhUmi gaye aura peDhAla udyAna meM polAsa nAmaka caitya meM Thahare / yahA~ bahuta se mleccha rahate the; unhoMne mahAvIra ko aneka kaSTa diye / isake bAda ve bAluyAgAma, subhoma, succhettA aura malaya hote hue hathisIsa phuNce| ina sthAnoM meM mahAvIra ne aneka upasarga she| tatpazcAt mahAvIra ne tosali ke liye prasthAna kiyaa| vahA~ se ve mosali gaye, phira lauTa kara toli Aye / vahA~ se siddhatthapura hote hue vayaggAma Aye / mahAvIra ne isa pradeza meM chaha mahIne vicaraNa kiyaa| ina sthAnoM meM mahAvIra ko ghora upasarga sahana karane pdd'e| isake bAda mahAvIra pAlabhiyA pahu~ce, aura phira seyaviyA hote hue unhoMne zrAvasti kI aora vihAra kiyaa| usa samaya zrAvasti meM skanda ( kArtikeya ) kI pUjA hotI thii| vahA~ se mahAvIra kauzAMbI, vArANasI, rAjagRha aura mithilA meM vicaraNa karate hue vaizAlI pahuMce aura yahA~ unhoMne gyArahavA~ caumAsA bitaayaa| (kucha logoM kA kahanA hai ki yaha cAturmAsa mahAvIra ne mithilA meM bitAyA / ) bArahavA~ varSa yahA~ se mahAvIra ne suMsumArapura ke lie prayANa kiyaa| phira bhogapura, nandigAma aura meMDhiyagAma hote hue kauzAMbI pdhaare| yahA~ unheM bhramaNa karate karate cAra mAsa bIta gaye lekina aAhAra - lAbha na huaa| anta meM campA ke rAjA dadhivAhana kI putrI candanabAlA ne unheM AhAra dekara puNya lAbha kiyA / tatpazcAt mahAvIra sumaGgalagAma aura pAlaya hote hue campA padhAre aura yahA~ kisI brAhmaNa kI yajJazAlA meM tthhre| mahAvIra ne yahA~ bArahavA~ varSAvAsa bitaayaa| terahavA~ varSa tatpazcAt mahAvIra jaMbhiyagAma phuNce| vahA~ se meMDhiyagAma hote hue majhimapAvA aAye / yahA~ se lauTa kara phira jaMbhiyagAma gaye aura yahA~ nagara ke bAhara viyAvatta caitya meM RjuvAlikA nadI ke uttarI kinAre zyAmAka gRhapati ke kheta meM zAla vRkSa ke nIce vaizAkha sudI 10 ke dina kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| ( 12 )

Page #20
mahAvIra kI vihAra-caryA isake bAda mahAvIra ne 30 varSa taka deza-dezAntara meM vihAra karate hue apane upadezAmRta se jana-samudAya kA kalyANa karate hue apane siddhAntoM kA pracAra kiyaa| anta meM ve majjhimapAvA padhAre aura yahA~ cAturmAsa vyatIta karane ke liye hastipAla nAmaka gaNarAjA ke paTavArI ke daftara ( rajugasabhA) meM tthhre| eka eka karake varSAkAla ke tIna mahIne bIta gye| cauthA mahInA lagabhaga AdhA bItane ko AyA / isa samaya kArtikI amAvasyA ke prAtaHkAla mahAvIra ne nirvANa lAbha kiyA / mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke samaya kAzI-kozala ke nau malla aura nau licchavi nAmaka aThAraha gaNarAjA maujUda the; unhoMne isa puNya avasara para sarvatra dIpaka jalAkara mahAn utsava manAyA / mahAvIra vardhamAna ne bihAra, baMgAla aura pUrvIya uttarapradeza ke jina sthAnoM ko apane vihAra se pavitra kiyA thA, ve saba sthAna jainoM ke punIta tIrtha haiM / durbhAgya se Aja ina sthAnoM meM se bahuta kama sthAnoM kA ThIka ThIka patA lagatA hai; bahuta se to pichale ar3hAI haz2Ara varSoM meM nAma zeSa raha gaye haiM / yadi vihAra, baGgAla aura uttarapradeza ke ukta pradezoM kI paidala yAtrA kI jAya to nissandeha yAtriyoM ko akSaya puNya kA lAbha ho aura isase saMbhavataH bahuta se ajJAta pavitra sthAnoM kA patA cala jAya / ( 13 )

Page #21
jaina zramaNa-saMgha aura jaina dharma kA prasAra bRhatkalpa sUtra aura nizItha sUtra jaise prAcIna jaina sUtroM se patA lagatA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra jaba sAketa nagarI ke subhUmibhAga nAmaka udyAna meM vihAra kara rahe the to unhoMne nimnalikhita sUtra kahA thA "nirgrantha aura nirgranthinI sAketa ke pUrva meM aGga-magadha taka, dakSiNa meM kauzAMbI taka, pazcima meM sthUNA taka, tathA uttara meM kuNAlA ( uttara kosala ) taka vihAra kara sakate haiM / itane hI kSetra Arya kSetra haiM, bAkI nahIM, kyoMki inhIM kSetroM meM nirgrantha bhikSu aura bhikSuNiyoM ke jJAna-darzana aura cAritra akSuNNa raha sakate haiM / " isase patA lagatA hai ki prArambha meM jaina zramaNoM kA vihAra-kSetra aAdhunika bihAra, pUrvIya uttarapradeza tathA pazcimIya uttarapradeza ke kucha bhAga taka mImita thA, isake bAhara ve nahIM gaye the| __ bRhatkalpa bhASya meM janapada-parIkSA prakaraNa meM batAyA gayA hai ki janapadavihAra karane se sAdhuoM kI darzana-vizuddhi hotI hai, mahAn prAcArya Adi kI saMgati se ve apane Apako dharma meM sthira rakha sakate haiM, tathA vidyA-mantra Adi kI prApti kara sakate haiM / yahA~ batAyA gayA hai ki sAdhu ko nAnA dezoM kI bhASAyoM meM kuzala honA cAhie jisase vaha deza-deza ke logoM ko unakI bhASA meM upadeza de sake / itanA hI nahIM, sAdhu ko isa bAta kI jAnakArI prApta karanI cAhie ki kisa deza meM kisa prakAra se dhAnya kI utpatti hotI haikahA~ varSA se dhAnya hote haiM, kahA~ nadI ke pAnI se hote haiM, kahA~ tAlAba ke ( 14 )

Page #22
jaina zramaNa -saMgha aura jaina dharma kA prasAra pAnI se hote haiM, kahA~ ku~e ke pAnI se hote haiM, kahA~ nadI kI bAr3ha se hote haiM aura kahA~ nAva meM rope jAte haiM / isI prakAra sAdhu ko yaha jAnanA Avazyaka hai ki kisa deza meM vyApAra - banija se grAjIvikA calatI hai, kahA~ khetI se AjIvikA hotI hai, tathA kahA~ ke loga mAMsa-bhakSI hote haiM aura kahA~ niraamiss-bhojii| ____ kahanA na hogA ki jaina zramaNoM ne bhayaGkara kaSToM kA sAmanA kara apane siddhAntoM kA prasAra kiyA thaa| usa samaya mArga meM bhayAnaka jaGgala par3ate the, jo hiMsra jaMtuoM se paripUrNa the| rAste meM bar3e bar3e parvata aura nadI-nAloM ko lA~gha kara jAnA par3atA thaa| cora - DAkuoM ke upadrava aura rAjyopadrava bhI kama nahIM the / vasati ( Thaharane kI jagaha ) tathA durbhikSa- janya upadravoM kI bhI kamI nahIM thii| aisI dazA meM deza - dezAntara meM ghUma-ghUmakara apane dharma kA pracAra karanA sAdhAraNa bAta na thii| lekina kucha samaya pazcAt jaina zramaNoM ko rAjA saMprati (220-211 I.pU.) kA Azraya milA aura jaina bhikSu bihAra, baGgAla aura uttarapradeza kI sImA kA ullaGghana kara dUra dUra taka vihAra karane lge| jaina sUtroM ke anusAra rAjA samprati netrahIna kuNAla kA putra thA, jo samrATa candragupta (325-302 I. pU.) kA prapautra, bindusAra kA pautra tathA azoka (274 - 237 I0 pU0 ) kA putra thaa| avanti kA rAjA samprati Arya suhasti ke upadeza se jaina zramaNoM kA upAsaka aura jaina dharma kA prabhAvaka banA thA / rAjA samprati ne nagara ke cAroM daravAz2oM para dAnazAlAe~ khulavAkara jaina zramaNoM ko bhojana-vastra dene kI vyavasthA kI thii| usane apane AdhIna AsapAsa ke sAmanta rAjAoM ko nimantrita kara unheM zramaNa saMgha kI bhakti karane ko kahA / samprati apane karmacAriyoM ke sAtha rathayAtrA mahotsava meM sammilita hotA aura ratha ke sAmane vividha puSya, phala, vastra, kaur3iyA~ Adi car3hAkara apane ko dhanya mAnatA thA / rAjA samprati ne apane bhaToM ko zikSA dekara sAdhuveSa meM sImAnta dezoM meM bhejA, jisase jaina zramaNoM ko nirdoSa bhinA kA lAbha ho ske| isa prakAra samprati ne Andhra, dravir3a, mahArASTra, kuDukka (kurga ) zrAdi dezoM ko jaina zramaNoM ke sukhapUrvaka vihAra karane yogya banAyA / ___ isa samaya se nimnalikhita sAr3he paccIsa deza Arya deza mAne jAne lage, aura ina dezoM meM jaina zramaNoM kA vihAra hone lagA :

Page #23
bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha me >> Tura janapada 1 magadha 2 aGga 3 vaGga 4 kaliGga 5 kAzI 6 kozala rAjadhAnI rAjagRha campA tAmralipti kAMcanapura vArANasI sAketa gajapura zauripura kAmpilyapura ahicchatrA dvAravatI mithilA kauzAMbI nandipura bhadilapura vairATa kuzAvarta 6 pAMcAla 10 jAGgala 11 saurASTra videha vatsa 14 zAMDilya 15 malaya matsya 17 varaNA dazANa cedi 20 mindhu-mauvIra zUrasena 22 bhaMgi 23 baTTA (?) 24 kuNAla 25 lADha 253 kekayI ardha. acchA mRttikAvatI zuktimatI vItibhaya mathurA pApA mAsapurI (?) zrAvasti koTivarSa zvetikA kalpasUtra meM ullikhita sthavirAvali meM jo jaina zramaNoM ke nimnalikhita gaNa, zAgvA aura kuloM kA ullekha milatA hai, usase bhI patA calatA hai ki ( 26 )

Page #24
jaina zramaNa-saMgha aura jaina dharma kA prasAra isavI san ke pUrva jaina zramaNoM kI pravRttiyoM kA kendra kAfI vistRta ho gayA thA : godAma gaNa kI zAgvAe~:-nAmalittiyA, koDivarimiyA, puMDabaddhaNiyA, dAmI khbbddiyaa| uttara balissaha gaNa kI zAkhAe~:-komaviyA, mAittiyA (suttivattiyA), koDaMbANI, cndnaagrii| uddeha gaNa kI zAgvAe~:-udaMvarijiyA, mAmapuriyA, maipattiyA, puNgApattiyA / kula:-nAgabhUya, momabhUya, ullagaccha, hatthalija, naMdija, pArihAsaya / cAraNa gaNa kI zAkhAe~:-hAriyamAlAgArI (hAriyamAlagaDhI) maMkAmIyA, gavedhuyA, vajanAgarI / kulaH-vacchalija, pIidhammina, hAlija, pUsamittija, mAlija, ajaveDaya, karAhamah / uDDuvADiya gaNa kI zAkhAe~:-caMpijiyA, bhaddijiyA, kAkaMdiyA, mehalijiyA / kulaH-bhadda nasiya, bhaddaguttiya, jasabhadda / vesavaDiya gaNa kI zAkhAe~:-mAvatthiyA, rajapAliyA, aMtarijiyA, khemlijiyaa| kulaH-mehiya, kAmiDDhiA , iMdapuraga / mANava gaNa kI zAkhAe~:-kAsavajiyA, goyamajiyA, vAmihiyA, morhiyaa| kulaH--imigutti, isidattiya, abhijayanta / koDiya gaNa kI zAkhAe~:-uccAnAgarI, vijAharI, bairI, majjhimillA / kulaH-baMbhalija, vacchalija, vANija, pAhavAhaNaya* | isake atirikta majjhimA, vijAharI, uccAnagarI, ajaseNiyA, ajatAvasI, ajakuberI, ajaisipAliyA, baMbhadIviyA, ajabairI, ajanAilI, ajajayantI nAmaka zAkhAoM kA ullekha milatA hai / dhyAna rakhane kI bAta hai ki * dhyAna rakhane kI bAta hai ki vikrama saMvat 1405 meM prabandhakoza ke racayitA rAjazekhara ne graMtha kI prazasti meM apane Apako koTika gaNa, praznavAhanaka kula, madhyamA zAgvA, harSapurIya gaccha aura maladhAri santAna batAyA hai / ( 17 )

Page #25
bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha mathurA ke zilAlekhoM meM bhI ye hI gaNa, zAkhAyeM aura kula utkIrNa haiM / durbhAgya se inameM adhikatara nAmoM kA ThIka ThIka patA nahIM calatA, kintu jinakA patA calatA hai usase spaSTa hai ki jaina zramaNoM ne ImavI mana ke pUrva tAmralipti, koTivarSa, pANDuvardhana, kauzAMbI, zuktimatI, udumbara, mApapurI (?). campA, kAkandI, mithilA, zrAvasti, antaraJjiyA, komillA, uccAnAgarga, madhyamikA aura brahmadvIpa Adi sthAnoM meM vihAra kara ina pradezoM ko apanI pravRttiyoM kA kendra banAyA thaa| ina saba kSetroM ko jainadharma ke panIta tIrtha mAnanA caahie|

Page #26
bihAra-nepAla-ur3IsA-baMgAla -baramA -bihAra ImA ke pUrva cauthI zatAbdi se lekara ImavI san kI pA~cavIM zatAbdi taka bihAra eka samRddhizAlI pradeza thA aura usa samaya yahA~ kA kalA-kauzala unnati ke zikhara para pahu~cA huA thA / yahA~ ke zAsakoM ne jagaha-jagaha sar3akeM banavAI thIM, tathA jAvA, vAli Adi sudUravartI dvIpoM meM jahAz2oM ke ber3e bhejakara ina dvIpoM ko basAyA thaa| bihAra prAnta meM jo prAcIna khaNDahara aura mUrtiyA~ upalabdha huI haiM usase patA calatA hai ki yaha sthAna IsA ke pUrva chaThI zatAbdi meM bauddha tathA jainoM kA bar3A bhArI kendra thaa| samrATa azoka ne bauddha dharma kA pracAra karane ke liye yahA~ se laGkA, cIna, tibbata Adi sudUra sthAnoM meM upadezaka bheje the / jaina aura bauddha granthoM meM magadha deza (dakSiNa bihAra) kI gaNanA prAcIna 16 janapadoM meM kI gaI hai / yaha deza pUrva dizA kA punIta tIrtha mAnA jAtA thA aura yahA~ kA jala pavitra samajhA jAtA thA / magadha kI bhASA mAgadhI thI jimameM mahAvIra aura buddha ne pravacana kiyA thA / -- ___ * aGga, baGga, magaha, malaya, mAlavaya, accha, baccha, koccha, pADha, lADha, baji, moli, kAsI, komala, avAha, saMbhuttara (sumhottara)-bhagavatI 15 / tulanA karo-aMga, magadha, kAsI, komala, vaji, malla, ceti, vaMsa, kuru, paMcAla, maccha, sUrasena, asmaka, avanti, gaMdhAra, kamboja-aMguttara nikAya 1, pR. 213.

Page #27
bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha magadha kA dUsarA nAma kIkaTa thaa| brAhmaNa granthoM meM magadha ko pApabhUmi batAte hue vahA~ gamana karanA niSiddha mAnA gayA hai / isa para 18vIM sadI ke eka jaina yAtrI ne vyaMgapUrvaka likhA hai-yaha kitane aAzcarya kI bAta hai ki yadi kAzI meM eka kauvA bhI mara jAya to vaha sIdhe mokSa meM pahu~ca jAtA hai, lekina yadi koI manuSya magadhabhUmi meM mare to vaha gadhe kI yoni meM paidA hotA hai ! jaina granthoM meM magadhavAsiyoM kI bahuta prazaMsA kI hai aura kahA hai ki vahA~ ke loga saMketa mAtra se bAta ko samajha jAte haiM / _ zizunAgavaMzI samrATa biMbisAra ( zreNika ) magadha meM rAjya karatA thA / kUNika (ajAtazatru, mRtyukAla 525 I. pU.), abhayakumAra aura meghakumAra Adi usake aneka putra the / __ magadha kI rAjadhAnI rAjagRha (gajagira ) thii| rAjagRha kI gaNanA bhArata kI dasa rAjadhAniyoM meM kI gaI hai |* magadha deza kA mukhya nagara hone se rAjagRha ko magadhapura bhI kahA jAtA thaa| jaina granthoM meM ise kSitipratiSThita, caNakapura, RSabhapura aura kuzAgrapura nAma se bhI kahA gayA hai| kahA jAtA hai ki kuzAgrapura meM prAyaH Aga laga jAyA karatI thI, ataeva magadha ke rAjA bimbisAra ne usake sthAna para rAjagRha nagara basAyA / mahAbhArata ke anusAra, rAjagRha meM rAjA jarAsaMdha rAjya karatA thaa| yahA~ se mahAvIra ke aneka ziSyoM kA mokSa-gamana batAyA jAtA hai| rAjagRha prabhAsa gaNadhara aura dazavaikAlika ke kartA zAMbhava kA janmasthAna thA / mahAvIra ko kevalajJAna hone ke solaha varSa pazcAt yahA~ dUsare nihnava kI sthApanA huI thii| ___ pA~ca pahAr3iyoM se ghire rahane ke kAraNa rAjagRha ko girivraja bhI kahA jAtA thA / ina pA~ca pahAr3iyoM ke nAma haiM-vipula, ratna, udaya, svarNa aura vaibhAra | ye pahAr3iyA~ aAjakala bhI rAjagRha meM maujUda haiM aura jainoM dvArA pavitra mAnI jAtI haiN| inameM vaibhAra aura vipula giri kA jaina granthoM meM vizeSa mahatva batAyA - -.- -.-....-.-- ___* campA, mathurA, vArANasI, zrAvasti, sAketa, kAMpilya, kauzAMbI, mithilA. hastinApura, rAjagRha-sthAnamaMga 10.717; nizItha sUtra 6.16 / tulanA karocampA, rAjagRha, zrAvasti, sAketa, kauzAMbI, vArANamI-dIghanikAya, mahAsudasmana sutta / ( 20 )

Page #28
bihAra - nepAla - ur3IsA-baMgAla - baramA gayA hai / vaibhAra kA varNana karate hue kahA hai ki yaha pahAr3I bahuta cittAkarSaka thI, aneka vRkSa aura latAoM se maMDita thI, nAnA prakAra ke phala-phUla yahA~ khilate the, aura nagaravAsI yahA~ krIr3A ke lie jAte the / vipulAcala se aneka jaina muniyoM ke mokSa-gamana kA ullekha milatA hai / bauddha granthoM se patA lagatA hai ki vipulAcala saba pahAr3iyoM meM U~cA thA, aura yaha prAcInavaMza, vakraka tathA supazya nAma se prakhyAta thA / vaibhAra parvata ke nIce tapAdA athavA mahAtapApatIraprabha nAmaka garama pAnI ko bar3A kuNDa thA / jaina sUtroM meM isa kuNDa kI lambAI pA~ca sau dhanupa batAI gaI hai / rAjagira meM Ajakala bhI garama pAnI ke sota maujUda haiM, jinheM tapovana ke nAma se pukArA jAtA hai / sAtavIM sadI ke cInI yAtrI huana-sAMga ne apane vivaraNa meM inakA ullekha kiyA hai / buddha aura mahAvIra ne rAjagRha meM aneka cAturmAsa vyatIta kiye the / jaina granthoM ke anusAra yahA~ guNasila, maMDikuccha, moggarapANi aAdi caitya-mandira the| mahAvIra prAyaH guNasila caitya meM ThaharA karate the / vartamAna guNAvA, jo navAdA sTezana se lagabhaga tIna mIla dUra hai, prAcIna guNazila mAnA jAtA hai / rAjagRha vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thA / yahA~ dUra-dUra ke vyApArI mAla kharIdane Ate the| yahA~ se takSazilA, pratiSThAna, kapilavastu, kuzInArA Adi bhArata ke prasiddha nagaroM ko jAne ke mArga bane hue the / bauddha sUtroM meM magadha meM dhAna ke sundara khetoM kA ullekha pAtA hai| ___buddha-nirvANa ke pazcAt rAjagRha kI avanati hotI calI gaI / jaba cInI yAtrI huana-sAMga yahA~ AyA to yaha nagarI apanI zobhA kho cukI thii| caudahavIM sadI ke vidvAn jinaprabha sUri ke samaya rAjagRha meM 36,000 gharoM ke hone kA ullekha hai, jinameM Adhe ghara bauddhoM ke the| vartamAna rAjagira, jo vihAra zarIfa se dakSiNa kI ora 13-14 mIla ke fAsale para hai, prAcIna rAjagRha mAnA jAtA hai| pATaliputra (paTanA) magadha deza kI dUsarI rAjadhAnI thii| pATaliputra kusumapura, puSyapura aura puSyabhadra ke nAma se bhI pukArA jAtA thA / kahate haiM ki rAjA ajAtazatru ( kaNika ) ke mara jAne para rAjakumAra udAyi (mRtyu 467 I0 pU0) ko campA meM rahanA acchA na lagA | usane apane

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha maMtriyoM ko kisI yogya sthAna kI talAza karane bhejA, aura yahA~ eka sundara pATali kA vRkSa dekhakara pATaliputra nagara bamA yaa| bauddhoM ke mahAvagga ke anumAra, ajAtazatru ke mantrI sunIdha aura varSakAra ne vaizAlinivAsI bajiyoM ke aAkramaNa se bacane ke lie isa nagara ko bamAyA thA / pATaliputra kI gaNanA siddhakSetroM meM kI gaI hai| pATaliputra jaina sAdhuoM kA kendra thA / yahA~ jaina zrAgamoM ke uddhAra ke lie jaina zramaNoM kA prathama mammelana huA thA, jo pATaliputra-vAcanA ke nAma se prasiddha hai| rAjA udAyi ne yahA~ jaina mandira banavAyA thaa| pATaliputra meM zakaTAra mantrI ke putra muni sthUlabhadra kozA gaNikA ke ghara rahe the aura unhoMne dharmopadeza dekara use zrAvikA banAyA thaa| isa nagara meM bhadrabAhu, Arya mahAgiri, Arya suhasti, vajrasvAmI aura umAsvAti vAcaka ne vihAra kiyA thA / yUnAnI yAtrI megasthanIz2a ne pATaliputra ke samrATa azoka ke rAjabhavana kA varNana kiyA hai / phAhiyAna ke samaya IsA kI pA~cavIM zatAbdi taka yaha bhavana vidyamAna thA / pATaliputra gaMgA ke kinAre basA thA / yaha nagara vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thA / pATaliputra aura suvarNabhUmi ( baramA) meM vyApAra hotA thA / jaba hamanamAMga yahA~ aAyA to yada nagara eka sAdhAraNa gA~va ke rUpa meM vidyamAna thA / nAlandA rAjagRha ke uttara-pUrva meM avasthita thA / bauddha sUtroM meM rAjagRha aura nAlandA ke bIca meM eka yojana kA antara batAyA gayA hai| bIca meM ambalahikA nAmaka vana par3atA thaa| prAcIna kAla meM nAlandA bar3A samRddhizAlI nagara thA, jo aneka bhavana aura bAg2a-bagIcoM se maMDita thA / bhikSuoM ko yahA~ yatheccha bhikSA milatI thii| buddha, mahAvIra aura gozAla ne nAlandA meM vihAra kiyA thA / nAlandA ke uttara-pazcima meM sesadaviyA nAma kI eka pyAU (udakazAlA) thI, jisake uttara-pazcima meM hastidvIpa nAma kA upavana thA / yahA~ mahAvIra ke pradhAna gaNadhara gautama ne sUtrakRtAMga nAmaka jaina sUtra ke antargata nAlandIya nAmaka adhyayana kI racanA kI thii| 13vIM sadI taka nAlandA bauddha vidyA kA mahAn kendra thaa| cIna, jApAna, tibbata, laGkA Adi se vidyArthI yahA~ vidyAdhyayana ke liye Ate the| cInI yAtrI huana-sAMga ne yahIM raha kara vidyA par3hI thI / bauddhoM ke yahA~ aneka vihAra the / nAlandA meM aneka citrakAra aura zilga rahate the / nepAla aura baramA ke ( 22 )

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bihAra - nepAla - ur3IsA-baMgAla - gharamA sAtha isa nagara kA ghaniSTha sambandha thA / rAjagira se 7 mIla dUrI para avasthita bar3AgA~va ko prAcIna nAlandA mAnA jAtA hai| * uddaNDapura athavA daNDapura kA ullekha jainasUtroM meM AtA hai / maMkhali patra gozAla ne yahA~ vihAra kiyA thaa| mahAbhArata meM bhI isa nagara kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| kahate haiM yahA~ bahuta se daNDI sAdhu rahate the, isaliye isa sthAna kA nAma daNDapura par3A / daNDapura ko pahacAna bihAra zarIfa se kI jAtI hai / tuGgiyA nagarI meM aneka zramaNopAsakoM ke rahane kA ullekha aAtA hai / kalpasUtra meM tuGgika nAmaka jaina zramaNoM ke gaNa kA ullekha milatA hai, isase mAlUma hotA hai ki yaha nagara jaina zramaNoM kA kendra rahA hogA / 18vIM sadI ke jaina yAtrI bihAra zarIfa ko prAcIna tuGgiyA mAnate haiM / bihAra se 4 mIla para tuGgIgAma hI sambhavataH prAcIna tuGgiyA ho sakatA hai / pAvA athavA madhyama pAvA meM mahAvIra ne nirvANa lAbha kiyA thA / jaMbhiyagAma se lauTa kara unhoMne yahA~ mahAsena udyAna meM antima caumAsA vyatIta kiyA / jambhiyagAma* aura pAvA ke bIca bAraha yojana kA phAsalA thA / jinaprabha sUri ke kathanAnusAra mahAvIra ke nirvANapada pAne ke pUrva yaha nagarI apApA kahI jAtI thI, bAda meM isakA nAma pApA ho gayA / divAlI para yahA~ bar3A melA lagatA hai, jisameM jaina yAtrI dara-dara se aAte haiM / yahA~ jalamandira meM mahAvIra ke gaNadhara gautama aura sudharmA kI pAdukAyeM banI huI haiN| bihAra se 7 mIla ke phAsale para pAvApurI ko prAcIna pAvA mAnA jAtA hai| gobbaragAma meM mahAvIra ne vihAra kiyA thA / mahAvIra ke tIna gaNadharoM * jaMbhiyagAma aura RjuvAlikA nadI ke viSaya meM jAnane ke liye dekhiye muni nyAyavijaya jI kA 'jaina tIrtho no itihAsa', pR. 465-6. ( 23 )

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. bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha kI yaha janmabhUmi thii| yaha sthAna rAjagRha aura campA ke bIca meM thaa| aMga eka prAcIna janapada thA / vastutaH buddha ke samaya aMga magadha ke hI adhIna thA / isIlie prAcIna granthoM meM aMga-magadha kA eka sAtha ullekha kiyA gayA hai / rAmAyaNa ke anusAra yahA~ zivajI ne aMga ( kAmadeva) ko bhasma kiyA thA, ataeva ima sthAna kA nAma aMga par3A / jaina granthoM meM aMga kA ullekha siMhala, barbara, kirAta, yavanadvIpa, Aravaka, romaka, Alasanda aura kaccha ke mAtha kiyA gayA hai / __ aMga deza magadha ke pUrva meM thaa| isakI pahacAna bhAgalapura jile se kI jAnI hai| campA aMga deza kI rAjadhAnI thii| jaina granthoM ke anusAra rAjA dadhivAhana yahA~ rAjya karatA thaa| campA kA ullekha mahAbhArata meM AtA hai / isakA damarA nAma mAlinI thA / jaina sUtroM meM campA kI gaNanA mammedazikhara Adi pavitra tIrthoM meM kI gaI hai| mahAvIra, buddha tathA unake ziSyoM ne campA meM aneka bAra vihAra kiyA thA aura aneka mahattvapUrNa sUtroM kA pratipAdana kiyA thA / yahA~ rahakara zayyAMbhava sUri ne dazavaikAlika nAmaka jaina sUtra kI racanA kI thii| campA kI gaNanA middhakSetroM meM kI gaI hai| graupapAtika sUtra meM campA kA varNana karate hue kahA hai : "campA nagarI atIva samRddhizAlI thI, prajA yahA~ kI khuzahAla thI, maikar3oM-haz2AroM haloM dvArA yahA~ kI jutAI hotI thI, nagarI ke AsapAsa aneka gA~va the| yaha nagarI Ikha, jau, cAvala Adi dhAnya, tathA gAya, bhaiMsa, mer3he Adi dhana se samRddha thI / yahA~ sundara caitya tathA vezyAtroM ke aneka bhavana the| naTa, nartaka, bAjIgara, pahalavAna, muSTiyuddha karanevAle, kathAvAcaka, rAsa-gAyaka, bA~sa kI noka para khar3e hokara tamAzA dikhAnevAle, citrapaTa dikhAkara bhikSA mA~ganevAle tathA vINA-vAdaka zrAdi loga yahA~ rahate the| yaha nagarI bAg2a-bagIce, kue~, tAlAba, bAvar3I zrAdi se maNDita thii| ( 24 )

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bihAra-naipAla-ur3IsA-baMgAla-baramA isake cAroM ora gaharI khAI thii| cakra, gadA, musuNDhI ( eka prakAra kI gadA), zataghnI ( talavAra athavA bhAle ke samAna calAyA jAne vAlA yantra ), kapATa Adi ke kAraNa duSpraveza thii| cAroM ora se yaha parakoTe se ghirI thii| kapizIrSaka ( kaMgUre ), aTArI, gopura tathA toraNa Adi se zobhAyamAna thI / aneka vaNika tathA zilpI yahA~ mAla becane Ate the / sundara yahA~ kI mar3akeM thIM, aura hAthI, ghor3e, ratha, paidala tathA pAlakiyoM ke gamanAgamana se zobhita thiiN|" campA nagarI meM pUrNabhadra yakSa kA eka prAcIna caitya thA, jahA~ mahAvIra ThaharA karate the| yaha caitya dhvajA, chatra aura ghaNTiyoM se maNDita thA, vedikA se zobhita thaa| bhUmi yahA~ kI gobara se lipI huI thI, gozIrSa candana ke thApe lage hue the, candana-kalaza rakkhe hue the, dvAra para toraNa ba~dhI thI, sugandhita mAlAe~ laTakI huI thIM, raGga-biraMge sugandhita puSya bikhare hue the, sarvatra dhUpa mahaka rahI thI, tathA naTa, nartaka, gAyaka, vAdaka Adi kA yaha nivAsa-sthAna thaa| bauddha sUtroM se patA lagatA hai ki campA meM gargarA nAma kI eka puSkariNI thii| isake kinAre sundara campaka ke vRkSa lage the, jina para sugaMdhita zveta raGga ke phUla khilate the| kahate haiM ki rAjA zreNika ke marane para rAjA kuNika ko rAjagRha meM rahanA acchA na lagA, ataeva usane campaka ke sundara vRkSoM ko dekha kara campA nagara bamAyA / rAjA kUNika kA apanI rAniyoM sameta bhagavAn mahAvIra ke darzana ke liye jAne kA vistRta varNana aupapAtika sUtra meM AtA hai / campA vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thA / yahA~ ke vyApArI mAla becane ke liye mithilA, ahicchatrA, suvarNabhUmi Adi dUra-dUra sthAnoM ko jAte the| campA aura mithilA meM sATha yojana kA antara thA / bhAgalapura ke pAsa vartamAna nAthanagara ko prAcIna campA mAnA jAtA hai| campA kA zAkhAnagara ( sabarba ) pRSThapampA thaa| yaha campA ke pazcima meM thA | mahAvIra ne yahA~ cAturmAsa kiyA thA / jaina granthoM meM mandira yA mandAra ko pavitra tIrtha mAnA gayA hai / isakI gaNanA siddhakSetroM meM kI jAtI hai / brAhmaNa purANoM meM bhI mandAra kA ullekha AtA hai / imakI pahacAna bhAgalapura se dakSiNa kI aora tIsa mIla kI dUrI paramaM dAra ( 25 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha giri se kI jAtI hai / pahAr3I ke Upara zItala jala ke kuNDa haiM / jaina sUtroM ke anusAra kAkandI meM bahuta se zramaNApAmaka rahate the / kAkaMdiyA jaina zramaNoM kI zAkhA thii| mahAvIra ne isa nagarI meM vihAra kiyA thaa| maMgera jile ke kAkana nAmaka sthAna ko prAcIna kAkandI mAnA jAtA hai| kucha loga gorakhapura jile ke antargata khagvaMdo grAma ko kAkandI mAnate haiM / bhaddiya meM buddha aura mahAvIra ne vihAra kiyA thA / bauddha sUtroM ke anusAra bhaddiya aMga deza meM thA / isakI pahacAna muMgera se kI jAtI hai| maMgera kA prAcIna nAma muggalagiri thA / gayA ke dakSiNa meM malaya nAma kA janapada thaa| yaha vastra ke liye prasiddha thaa| bhadrilapura malaya kI gajadhAnI thI / bhadrilapura kI gaNanA atizaya kSetroM meM kI gaI hai| bhadrilapura kI pahacAna haz2ArIbAg2a z2ile ke bhadiyA nAmaka gA~va meM kI jAtI hai / yaha sthAna haMTaragaMja se 6 mIla kI dUrI para kuluhA pahAr3I ke pAma hai / yahA~ aneka khaMDita jina mUrtiyA~ milI haiM / yaha tIrtha vicchinna hai / grAzcarya hai ki jaina logoM ne ise tIrtha mAnanA chor3a diyA hai ! haz2ArIbAg2a z2ile kA dUsarA mahattvapUrNa sthAna sammedazikhara hai| isa mamAdhigiri, samidagiri, malla parvata, athavA zikhara bhI kahA jAtA hai / sammedazigvara kI gaNanA zatrujaya, giranAra, AbU aura aSTApada nAmaka tIrthoM ke mAtha kI gaI hai / yahA~ se jainoM ke 24 tIrthaMkaroM meM se 20 tIrthaMkaroM kA nirvAga huA mAnA jAtA hai| sammedazikhara kI pahacAna vartamAna pArasanAtha hila meM kI jAtI hai| yaha pahAr3I IsarI sTezana se do mIla kI dUrI para hai| malaya deza ke AmapAma kA pradeza bhaMgi janapada kahalAtA thaa| isa janapada

Page #34
bihAra-naipAla-ur3IsA-baMgAla-baramA meM haz2ArIbAg2a aura mAnabhUma z2ile garbhita hote haiN| . pAvA bhaMgi janapada kI gajadhAnI thii| malloM kI pAvA sa yaha bhinna hai| kaNaMgalA kA ullekha jaina aura bauddha sUtroM meM milatA hai| mahAvIra aura buddha ne yahA~ vihAra kiyA thA; buddha yahA~ beluvana meM Thahare the | isa pradeza kA purAnA nAma audumbara thaa| udaMbarijiyA nAmaka jaina zramaNoM kI zAkhA kA ullekha kalpasUtra meM AtA hai| kAMgalA kI pahacAna maMthAla paraganA ke aMtargata kaMkajola sthAna se kI jAtI hai| magadha ke uttara meM videha janapada thA / brAhmaNa granthoM meM videha ko rAjA janaka kI rAjadhAnI batAyA gayA hai / bauddha sUtroM meM jo vajiyoM ke ATha kula ginAye haiM, unameM vaizAlI ke licchavi aura mithilA ke videha mukhya the / kalpasUtra meM vajanAgarI (vArjanAgarI=vRjinagara kI zAkhA) nAmaka jaina zramaNoM kI zAkhA kA ullekha AtA hai / mahAvIra kI mAtA trizalA videha deza kI hone se videhadattA kahI jAtI thIM, aura videhavAmI celanA kA putra kuNika vajji videhaputra kahA jAtA thA / videha vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thA / vyApArI loga zrAvasti Adi dUravartI nagaroM se yahA~ Ate the| vartamAna tirahuta ko prAcIna videha mAnA jAtA hai / mithilA videha kI rAjadhAnI thii| rAmAyaNa meM mithilA ko janakapurI kahA gayA hai / buddha aura mahAvIra ne yahA~ aneka bAra vihAra kiyA thA / maithi. liyA jaina zramaNoM kI zAkhA thii| Arya mahAgiri yahA~ Aye the| mithilA akaMpita gaNadhara kI janmabhUmi thI / cauthe nihaba kI yahA~ sthApanA huI thii| jinaprabha sUri ke samaya mithilA jagaha nAma se prasiddha thii| usa samaya yahA~ aneka kadalIvana, mIThe pAnI kI bAvar3iyA~, kue~, tAlAba aura nadiyA~ maujUda thiiN| nagarI ke cAra daravAjoM para cAra bar3e bAz2Ara the / yahA~ ke sAdhAgNa loga bhI vividha zAstroM ke paMDita hote the, nathA yahA~ pAtAlaliMga Adi aneka tIrtha maujUda the /

Page #35
bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha kisI samaya mithilA prAcIna bhAratIya sabhyatA tathA vidyA kA kendra thA / IsavI san kI havIM sadI meM yahA~ prasiddha vidvAn maMDana mizra nivAsa karate the, jinakI patnI ne zaGkarAcArya se zAstrArtha kara unheM parAjita kiyA thaa| yaha nagarI prasiddha naiyAyika vAcaspati mizra kI janmabhUmi thI, tathA maithila kavi vidyApati yahA~ ke rAjadarabAra meM rahate the / naipAla kI sImA para janakapura ko prAcIna mithilA mAnA jAtA hai / vaizAlI videha kI dUsarI mahattvapUrNa rAjadhAnI thii| vaizAlI prAcIna vajI gaNatantra kI mukhya nagarI thI / yahA~ ke loga licchavi kahalAte the / ye loga Apasa meM ikaTThe hokara pratyeka viSaya kI carcA karate, aura saba milakara rAjya kA prabaMdha karate the| ina logoM kI ekatA kI prazaMsA buddha bhagavAn ne kI thI / vaizAlI kI kanyAoM kA vivAha vaizAlI meM hI hotA thA / vaizAlI gaMDakI ( gaMDaka ) ke kinAre basI thI / buddha aura mahAvIra ne yahA~ aneka bAra vihAra kiyA thA / vaizAlI mahAvIra kA janma-sthAna thA, isalie ve vaizAlIya kahe jAte the| dIkSA ke pazcAt unhoMne yahA~ 12 cAturmAsa vyatIta kiye| vaizAlI madhyadeza kA sundara nagara mAnA jAtA thaa| buddha ke samaya yaha bahuta unnata dazA meM thA / yahA~ aneka udyAna, zrArAma, bAvar3I, tAlAba tathA pokharaNiyA~ thIM / ambApAlI nAma kI gaNikA vaizAlI kI parama zobhA mAnI jAtI thI / buddha ne yahA~ striyoM ko bhikSuNI banane kA adhikAra diyA thA / jaina granthoM ke anusAra ceTaka vaizAlI kA prabhAvazAlI rAjA thaa| usakI bahana trizalA mahAvIra kI mAtA thii| ceTaka kAzI-kozala ke aThAraha gaNarAjAzroM kA mukhiyA thaa| rAjA kRNika aura ceTaka meM ghora saMgrAma huA, jisameM ceTaka parAjita ho gayA, aura kuNika ne vaizAlI meM gadhoM kA hala calAkara use kheta kara ddaalaa| huana-sAMga ke samaya vaizAlI ujAr3a ho cukI thii| muz2affarapura jile ke vasADha grAma ko prAcIna vaizAlI mAnA jAtA hai / vaizAlI ke pAsa kuNDapura nAma kA nagara thaa| yahA~ mahAvIra kA janma huA thaa| kuNDapura kSatriyakuNDagrAma aura brAhmaNakuNDagrAma nAmaka do mohalloM meM ba~TA thaa| pahale mohalle meM kSatriya aura dUsare meM brAhmaNa rahate the / kuNDapura (28)

Page #36
bihAra-naipAla-ur3IsA-baMgAla-baramA meM jJAtRkhaeDa nAma kA sundara udyAna thA, jahA~ mahAvIra ne dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| isa udyAna kI gaNanA Urjayanta aura siddhazilA nAmaka pavitra kSetroM ke mAtha kI gaI hai| aAdhunika basukuNDa ko kuNDapura mAnA jAtA hai / vaizAlI kA dUsarA mahattvapUrNa sthAna vANiyagAma thA / vaizAlI aura vANiyagAma ke bIca gaMDakI nadI bahatI thI / yahA~ aAnanda yAdi aneka mamRddha jaina zramaNopAsaka rahate the / aAdhunika baniyA ko vANiyagAma mAnA jAtA hai| vANiyagAma ke uttara-pUrva meM kollAga thA / yahA~ aAnanda zrAvaka ke magesambandhI rahate the| dIkSA ke pazcAt mahAvIra ne yahA~ prathama bhinnA grahaNa kI thii| basAr3ha ke uttara-pazcima meM vartamAna kolhuaA ko kollAga mAnA jAtA hai / nAlandA ke samIpavartI kollAga se yaha bhinna hai / kollAga ke pAsa ahiyagAma nAma kA gA~va thA; ise vardhamAna bhI kahate the / yahA~ vegavatI (gaNDakI) nAma kI nadI bahatI thii| zUlapANi yakSa kA yahA~ bar3A mandira thaa| mahAvIra ne aThiyagAma meM prathama cAturmAsa vyatIta kiyA thA / vaizAlI ke pAsa AmalakapyA nAma kA nagara thA jahA~ pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra ne vihAra kiyA thA / 2: nepAla nepAla meM jaina aura bauddha zramaNoM ne vihAra kiyA thaa| aAjakala bhI yahA~ vAddha dharma kA bahuta pracAra hai| zvetAmbara paramparA ke anusAra, pATaliputra meM durbhikSa par3ane para bhadrabAhU, sthUlabhadra tathA anya aneka jaina prAcAryoM ne yahA~ vihAra kiyA thaa| yahA~ samrATa azoka ke nirmANa kiye hue prAcIna stUpa mile haiM / nepAla kA rAjA aMsuvarmA licchavi vaMza kA thA / naipAla kI pahacAna Adhunika nepAla rAjya se kI jAtI hai| yaha janakapura se 120 mIla kI dUrI para hai / ( 26 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha 3 : ur3IsA kaliMga deza kA nAma aMga aura baMga ke mAtha AtA hai| vartamAna ur3IsA ko kaliMga mAnA jAtA hai / ur3ImA ko proDa yA utkala nAma se bhI kahA jAtA thaa| jAtaka granthoM meM dantapura, mahAbhArata meM rAjapura, mahAvastu meM siMhapura aura jaina sUtroM meM kAMcanapura ko kaliMga kI rAjadhAnI batAyA hai| mAnavIM sadI meM kaliMganagara bhuvanezvara ke nAma meM prasiddha huyA, jo yAjanaka imI nAma prakhyAna hai| kAMcanapura meM jaina zramaNA ne vihAra kiyA thaa| yaha nagara vyApAra kA kendra thA, aura yahA~ ke vyApArI laGkA taka jAte the| yAdhunika bhuvanezvara ko prAcIna kAMcanapura mAnA jAtA hai| ___purI ( jagannAthapurI) ur3IsA kI dUsarI mukhya nagarI thii| yaha nagarI jaina aura bauddha dharma kA kendra thii| yahA~ jIvantasvAmI-pratimA thI, aura prAcArya vajrasvAmI ne yahA~ vihAra kiyA thA / usa samaya yahA~ bauddha rAjA rAjya karatA thA; jaina aura bauddhoM meM vaimanasya rahatA thA / jainoM kI mAnyatA ke anusAra purI pahale pArzvanAtha kA nIrtha thA / aAjakala yaha tIrtha vicchinna hai / purI vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thA, aura yahA~ jalamArga se mAla aAtA-jAtA thA / aAjakala yahA~ gthayAtrA kA bar3A utsava manAyA jAtA hai| bhuvanezvara sTezana meM lagabhaga cAra mIla para udayagiri aura khaNDagiri nAma kI prAcIna pahAr3iyA~ haiM, jinheM kATa-kATa kara sundara gufAe~ banAI gaI haiN| inameM lagabhaga sau jaina gufAe~ haiM jo mUrtikalA kI dRSTi se mahattva kI haiM / ye gufAe~ IsavI mana ke 500 varSa pUrva ke pahale se lekara IsavI san 500 taka kI batAI jAtI haiN| prasiddha hastigufA yahIM para hai jisameM samrAT khAravela ( IsavI man ke 161 varSa pUrva ) kA zilAlekha hai / samrAT khAravela jainadharma kA anuyAyI thA, aura usane magadha se jina-pratimA lAkara yahA~ sthApita kI thii| udayagiri kA prAcIna nAma kumArI parvata hai; yahA~ mamrATa vAravela ke ( 30 )

Page #38
bihAra-nepAla-ur3IsA-baMgAla-baramA nirmANa kiye hue kaI jina mandira haiM / udayagiri aura gvaNDagiri atizaya kSetra mAne jAte haiN| tosali jaina zramaNoM kA kendra thA / yahA~ kA tomalika gajA jina-pratimA kI dekharekha kiyA karatA thA / mahAvIra ne yahA~ vihAra kiyA thA, aura yahA~ unheM aneka kaSTa sahana karane par3e the| tosali ke nivAsI phala-phUla ke bahuta zaukIna hote the| yahA~ nadiyoM ke pAnI se khetI hotI thI; kabhI varSA adhika hone se fasala naSTa ho jAtI thii| aise saMkaTa ke samaya jaina zramaNa tAr3a ke phala khAkara nirvAha karate the| tomali meM aneka tAlAba ( tAlodaka) the / yahA~ kI bhaiMseM bahuta marakhanI hotI thIM, aura ve apane sIMgoM se manuSyoM ko mAra DAlanI thiiN| totali prAcArya kI mRtyu bhaiMsa ke mArane se huI thii| totali kI pahacAna kaTaka z2ile ke dhauli nAmaka gA~va se kI jAtI hai / zailapura tosali ke antargata thA / yahA~ RSipAla nAmaka byaMtara kA banAyA huA RSitaDAga* nAmaka eka tAlAba thA / isa tAlAva kA ullakha hAthIgufA ke zilAlekhoM meM milatA hai / yahA~ loga bATa dina taka utsava (maMDi) manAte the| toli ke pAsa hathisIsa nAma kA nagara thA / vyApAra kA yaha bar3A kendra thA / mahAvIra ne yahA~ vihAra kiyA thA / 4: baMgAla vaMga athavA baMgAla kI gaNanA bhArata ke prAcIna janapadoM meM kI gaI hai / aMga aura vaMga kA ullekha mahAbhArata meM AtA hai / prAcIna kAla meM vartamAna baMgAla bhinna-bhinna nAmoM se pukArA jAtA thA / pUrvIya baMgAla ko samataTa, pazcimI kI lADha, uttarI ko puNDa, tathA AsAma ko kAmarUpa kahA jAtA thaa| baMgAla ko gaur3a bhI kahate the / jaba fAhiyAna * kalakattA vizvavidyAlaya ke svargIya pro0 DaoN0 venImAdhava baDuaA ne ima sthAna kA patA lagAyA hai / ( 31 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha aura huana-mAMga yahA~ Aye to yahA~ bauddha dharma phailA huaA thaa| gaur3a deza meM zama ke kapar3e acche banate the / jaina sUtroM ke anusAra vaMga deza kI gajadhAnI tAmralipti thii| mahAbhArata meM ima nagarI kA ullekha pAtA hai / jaina granthoM ke anusAra yahA~ vidyuccara muni ne mukti pAI thii| tAmralimi vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thA, aura yahA~ jala-sthala mArga se vyApAra hotA thA / yahA~ kA kapar3A bahuta acchA hotA thA / vyApArI loga yahA~ se jahAz2a meM baiThakara laMkA, jAvA, cIna Adi dezoM ko jAte the / hRyana-mAMga ke samaya yahA~ aneka bauddha maTha vidyamAna the / rUpanArAyaNa nadI ke pazcimI kinAre para sthita tAmaluka kA prAcIna tAmralini mAnA jAtA hai| __ jaina sUtroM meM lAda athavA rADha deza kI gaNanA mAr3he pacIma Arya dezoM meM kI gaI hai / yaha deza pahale anArya dezoM meM ginA jAtA thA, lekina mAlUma hotA hai mahAvIra ke vihAra ke pazcAt yaha Arya kSetra mAnA jAne lagA / lADha ke viSaya meM pahale kahA jA cukA hai| yahA~ mahAvIra ne aneka kaSTa mahe the / lATa ko suhma bhI kahA gayA hai| bhagavatI sUtra meM sujhottara ( saMbhuttara-suhma kA uttarI bhAga) kI gaNanA prAcIna 16 janapadoM meM kI gaI hai| lADha vajabhUmi ( vRjiyoM kI bhUmi ) aura subbhabhUmi ( mujha ) nAmaka do pradezoM meM vibhakta thA / ___ jaina sUtroM ke anusAra koTivarSa lADha deza kI rAjadhAnI thii| koDiyarimiyA nAmaka jaina zramaNoM kI zAkhA thii| koTivarSa ke rAjA kirAta kA ullekha jaina sUtroM meM AtA hai| guma-kAlIna zilAlekhoM meM ima nagara kA ullekha milatA hai| ____koTivarSa kI pahacAna dInAjapura jile ke bAnagar3ha nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai| . daDhabhUmi lADha deza kA eka bhAga thA / yahA~ aneka mleccha bamate the / daDhabhUmi kI pahacAna Adhunika dhAlabhUma se kI jAtI hai / ( 32 )

Page #40
bihAra-naipAla-ur3IsA-baMgAla-baramA dhanyakaTaka meM jainoM ke 13 veM tIrthaMkara kA dIkSA ke bAda pahalA pAraNa huyA thaa| isakI pahacAna bAlAsara jile ke kopArI nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI haiM / purimatAla, lohaggalA rAjadhAnI, unnATa aura gobhUmi kA ullegya mahAvIra kI vihAra-caryA meM A cukA hai| purimatAla kI sImA para sAlATavI nAmaka coroM kA eka gA~va thA / purimatAla kI pahacAna mAnabhUma ke pAsa puruliyA nAmaka sthAna se kI jA sakatI haiM / dUsarA purimatAla ayodhyA kA zAkhAnagara thA / koI loga prayAga ko purimatAla kahate haiM / lohaggalA kI pahacAna choTA nAgapura DivIz2ana ke uttara-pazcima meM loharaDaggA nAmaka sthAna se kI jA sakatI hai| unnATa nagara kA ullekha mahAbhArata meM milatA hai / gobhUmi meM aneka gAyeM carane ke liye AtI thIM, isaliye isa jagaha kA nAma gobhUmi rakkhA gayA / isakI pahacAna Adhunika gomoha se kI jA sakatI hai| khabbaDa athavA dAsI khabbaDa nAmaka jaina zramaNoM kI zAkhA kA ullekha jaina sUtroM meM milatA hai| imakI pahacAna pazcimI baMgAla meM midanApura jile ke pAsa kharvaTa nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai| vardhamAnapura nagara meM vijayavardhamAna nAmaka udyAna-sthita maNibhadra yakSa ke mandira meM mahAvIra bhagavAn Thahare the / * loharaDaggA muMDA bhASA kA zabda hai / 'rohora' kA artha hai 'sUkhA' aura 'Da' kA artha hai 'pAnI' / isa sthAna para pAnI kA eka jharanA thA jo bAda meM sUkha gayA / isa kAraNa isa sthAna kA nAma 'loharaDaggA' par3A / dekhie, em0 mI0 raoNya, 'da muNDA aiNDa deara kanTrI', pRSTha 133. ( 33 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha vardhamAnapura kI pahacAna vardavAna se kI jA sakatI hai / puNDravardhana uttarI baMgAla kA hismA thaa| puNDavaddhaNiyA jaina zramaNoM kI zAkhA thI / yahA~ gAyoM ko khAne ke lie pauMDe diye jAte the; yahA~ kI gAyeM marakhanI hotI thIM / varendra puNDravardhana kA pramukha nagara thA / huana sAMga ne yahA~ digambara nirganthoM ke pAye jAne kA ullekha kiyA hai| puNDravardhana kI pahacAna bogarA jile ke mahAsthAna nAmaka pradeza se kI jAtI hai / yaha uttarApatha ke puNDravardhana se bhinna hai / khAmalijiyA ( yA komalIyA) jaina zramaNoM kI zAkhA thii| komalA kI pahacAna pUrvIya baGgAla meM caTagA~va jile ke komillA nAmaka sthAna se kI jA sakatI hai| 5: baramA suvarNabhUmi ( varamA ) meM jaina zramaNoM ne vihAra kiyA thA / jaina granthoM se patA lagatA hai ki prAcArya kAlaka ujayinI se suvarNabhUmi jAkara sAgarakhamaNa saM mile / isase patA lagatA hai ki jaina zramaNoM kA yahA~ praveza huaA thA / muvarNabhUmi vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thaa| ( 34 )

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uttarapradeza prAcIna bhArata ke madhyadeza ke bahusaMkhyaka janapada Adhunika uttarapradeza meM Ate haiM, isase mAlUma hotA hai ki prAcIna kAla meM yaha pradeza bahuta samRddha aura unnata dazA meM thA / kaurava-pANDavoM kA nivAsa sthAna kuru deza, rAmalakSmaNa kI janmabhUmi ayodhyA, kRSNa mahArAja ke krIr3Asthala mathurA aura vRndAvana, buddhadeva kI nirvANabhUmi kusInArA, gaNarAjAoM ke deza kAzI aura kozala, malloM kI rAjadhAniyA~ kumInArA aura pAvA, tathA vArANasI, prayAga, haridvAra, mathurA, kauzAMbI aura mAranAtha jaise pavitra sthAna imI prAnta kI zobhA bar3hAte haiN| 1: pUrvIya uttara pradeza kAzI madhyadeza kA prAcIna janapada thA / kAzI ke vastra aura candana kA ullekha bauddha jAtakoM meM milatA hai / prAcIna jaina sUtroM meM kAzI aura kozala ke aThAraha gaNa rAjAoM kA z2ikra aAtA hai / kAzI ko jItane ke lie kozala ke rAjA pasenadi aura magadha ke rAjA ajAtazatru meM yuddha huA thA, jisameM ajAtazatru kI vijaya huI aura kAzI ko magadha meM milA liyA gyaa| jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra yahA~ ke rAjA zaMkha ko mahAvIra ne dIkSita kiyA thaa| kAzI vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thA / aAjakala kI banArasa kamiznarI ko prAcIna kAzI mAnA jAtA hai| vArANasI ( banArasa ) kAzI kI rAjadhAnI thI / varaNA aura asi nAmaka do nadiyoM ke bIca hone ke kAraNa isa nagara kA nAma vArANasI par3A / vArANasI gaMgA ke kinAre basI thii| isa sthAna ko buddha aura mahAvIra ne ( 35 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha apane vihAra se pavitra kiyA thaa| bauddha sUtroM meM vArANasI kI gaNanA kapilavastu, buddhagayA aura kusInArA ke sAtha kI gaI hai| brAhmaNa granthoM meM pUrva meM vArANasI, pazcima meM prabhAsa, uttara meM kedAra aura dakSiNa meM zrIparvata ko parama tIrtha mAnA gayA hai / jaina granthoM ke anusAra yahA~ bhelupura meM pArzvanAtha aura bhadainI meM supArzvanAtha kA janma huA thaa| jinaprabhasUri ke kathanAnusAra banArasa cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta thA:-deva vArANasI, rAjadhAnI vArANasI, madana vArANasI aura vijaya vArANasI / yahA~ dantakhAta nAma kA prasiddha tAlAba thA, tathA maNikarNikA ghATa yahA~ ke pavitra pA~ca ghAToM meM ginA jAtA thA / mayaMgatIra ( mRtagaMgAtIra ) nAma kA yahA~ dUsarA prasiddha tAlAba ( hRda) thA, jisameM gaGgA kA bahuta-sA pAnI ikaTThA ho jAtA thaa| huana-sAMga ke samaya yahA~ aneka bauddha vihAra aura hindU mandira maujUda the| vArANasI vyApAra aura vidyA kA kendra thA / yahA~ ke vidyArthI takSazilA vidyAdhyayana ke liye jAte the, tathA yahA~ zAstrArtha huA karate the| banArasa meM Ajakala bhI aneka mandira, mUrtiyA~ aura prAcIna sthAna maujUda hai / prAcArya hemacandra ke samaya kAzI vArANasI kA hI dUsarA nAma thA / isipatana bauddhoM kA parama tIrtha mAnA jAtA hai / yahA~ buddha bhagavAn kA prathama dharmopadeza huaA thaa| yahA~ kI khudAI meM prAcIna kAla ke dhvaMsAvazeSa upalabdha hue haiM / jaina graMthoM meM ise siMhapura nAma se kahA gayA hai| yahA~ zItalanAtha nAmaka jaina tIrthaMkara kA janma huaA thA / siMhapura kI pahacAna vartamAna sAranAtha ( sAraGganAtha ) se kI jAtI hai / yaha sthAna banArasa ke uttara meM chaha mIla kI dUrI para hai / yahA~ eka ajAyabaghara aura bauddha mandira hai| candrAnana candraprabhA tIrthakara kA janma-sthAna mAnA jAtA hai| 17-18vIM sadI ke jaina yAtriyoM ne isakA nAma candramAdhava likhA hai| vividhatIrthakalpa ke anusAra candrAvatI nagarI banArasa se ar3hAI yojana kI dUrI para thii| candrAnana kI pahacAna Adhunika candrapurI se kI jAtI hai / yaha sthAna gaGgA ke kinAre hai aura banArama se lagabhaga caudaha mIla ke phAsale para hai / ( 36 )

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uttarapradeza pAlabhiyA jaina zramaNApAsako kA kendra thA / yahA~ mahAvIra aura buddha ne cAturmAsa vyatIta kiyA thaa| gozAla yahA~ pattakAlaya udyAna meM Thahare the / bauddha sUtroM meM ise pAlavI kahA gayA hai / yaha sthAna zrAvasti aura rAjagRha ke vIca vanArasa se bAraha yojana dUra thA / kAzI se saTA huaA vatsa janapada thA / bauddha sUtroM meM ise vaMza kahA gayA hai| vatsAdhipati udayana kA ullekha brAhmaNa, bauddha aura jaina granthoM meM milatA hai| prayAga ke irdagirda ke pradeza ko vatsa kahate haiM / kauzAMvI vatsa kI rAjadhAnI thii| kauzAMbI kA ullekha mahAbhArata aura gamAyaNa meM AtA hai| kahate haiM ki hastinApura ke gaGgA se naSTa ho jAne para rAjA parIkSita ke uttarAdhikAriyoM ne kauzAMbI ko apanI rAjadhAnI banAyA / buddha aura mahAvIra ne yahA~ vihAra kiyA thaa| yahA~ kukkuTArAma, ghositArAma, pAvarika, ambavana Adi udyAnoM kA ullekha bauddha sUtroM meM prAtA hai, jahA~ bhagavAn buddha ThaharA karate the| kahA jAtA hai ki eka bAra kauzAMbI ke bauddha bhikSatroM meM bahuta jhagar3A ho gayA; buddha ne kauzAMbI pahu~ca kara bhikSoM ko bahuta samajhAyA, parantu koI phala na huA / kauzAMvI jainoM kA atizaya kSetra mAnA jAtA hai| yahA~ padmaprabha tIrthakara kA janma huA thaa| yahIM mahAvIra kI prathama ziSyA candanabAlA aura rAnI mRgAvatI zramaNa dharma meM dIkSita huI thIM / kahate haiM ki ujjainI ke rAjA pradyota ne rAnI mRgAvatI ko pAne ke liye kauzAMbI ke rAjA zatAnIka para car3hAI kara dii| zatAnIka kI atisAra se mRtyu ho gaI / bAda meM apane putra udayana ko rAjagaddI para baiThA kara mRgAvatI ne mahAvIra se dIkSA le lii| Arya suhasti aura Arya mahAgiri kauzAMbI Aye the| bauddha granthoM se patA lagatA hai ki kauzAMbI meM buddha bhagavAn kI raktacandana-nirmita sundara pratimA thI, jise rAjA udayana ne apane khAsa kArIgaroM se banavAyA thaa| samrATa azoka ne yahA~ bauddha stUpa nirmANa karAyA thaa| ilAhAbAda se lagabhaga tIsa mIla kI dUrI para kosama gA~va ko prAcIna ( 37 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha kauzAMbI mAnA jAtA hai| yaha nIrtha vicchinna hai / yahA~ sUrya kI bar3I bhavya sundara mUrti hai| kauzAMbI ke pAsa prayAga thA / mahAbhArata meM isakA ullekha AtA hai / jaina granthoM meM prayAga ko tIrthakSetra mAnA gayA hai| yahA~ agikAputra ko gaGgA pAra karate samaya kevalajJAna huA thaa| prayAga ko ditiprayAga bhI kahA gayA hai| pAli mAhitya meM ise payAgapatidvAna kahA hai / prayAga aAjakala gaGgA, jamunA aura marasvatI (gupta) ke saMgama para avasthita hai| yaha brAhmaNoM kA parama dhAma mAnA jAtA hai| akSayavaTa yahA~ kA parama pavitra sthAna haiM / prayAga meM muNDana kA bar3A mAhAtmya hai / bAdazAha akabara ke mamaya se isakA nAma ilAhAbAda pdd'aa| supratiSThAnapura, pratiSThAnapura yA potanapura prayAga kI rAjadhAnI thii| yahA~ candravaMzI rAjA rAjya karate the| yaha nagara gaGgA ke kinAre basA thaa| Ajakala yaha sthAna ilAhAbAda jile meM phaMsI ke pAsa hai / dakSiNa ke pratiSThAna se yaha bhinna hai| tuGgiya saMniveza kauzAMbI ke AsapAsa thaa| metArya nAmaka mahAvIra ke gaNadhara kI yaha janmabhUmi thii| prAcIna kAla meM kosala (avadha ) eka samRddha janapada thaa| jainoM ke Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ne yahA~ janma liyA thA, isalie ve kauzalika kahe jAte the| acala gaNadhara kA yaha janmasthAna thA, aura yahA~ jIvantasvAmI pratimA vidyamAna thii| kozala ke rAjA pasenadi kA ullekha bauddha sUtroM meM yAtA hai| ___ sAketa ( ayodhyA ) dakSiNa kozala kI rAjadhAnI thii| brAhmaNa purANoM meM ayodhyA ko madhyadeza kI rAjadhAnI kahA hai / yaha nagara rAmacandra jI kI janmabhUmi thii| rAmAyaNa meM ayodhyA kA varNana karate hue kahA hai--"sarayU nadI ke kinAre para avasthita yaha nagarI dhana-dhAnya se paripUrNa thI, sundara yahA~ ( 38 )

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uttarapradeza mArga bane hue the, aneka zilpI aura deza-videza ke vyApArI yahA~ vasate the / yahA~ ke loga samRddhizAlI, dharmAtmA, parAkramI aura dIrghAyu the, tathA aneka unake putra-pautra the|" jaina paramparA ke anusAra ayodhyA ko zrAdi tIrtha aura Adi nagara mAnA gayA hai, aura yahA~ ke nivAsiyoM ko sabhya aura susaMskRta batAyA gayA hai| buddha aura mahAvIra ke samaya ayodhyA ko sAketa kahA jAtA thA / sAketa ke subhUmibhAga udyAna meM vihAra karate hue mahAvIra ne jaina zramaNoM ke vihAra kI mImA niyata kI thii| yahIM unhoMne koTivarSa ke rAjA cilAta ko dIkSA dI thii| buddha ne bhI sAketa meM vihAra kiyA thA / ___isa nagarI ko kozalA, vinItA, ikSvAkubhUmi, rAmapurI, vizAkhA Adi nAmoM se bhI pukArA gayA hai / aAjakala ayodhyA meM brAhmaNoM ke aneka tIrtha bane hue haiM / jinaprabha sUri ne apane vividhatIrthakalpa meM ghagghara (ghAgharA) aura marayU nadI ke saGgama para 'svargadvAra' hone kA ullekha kiyA hai / ratnapurI dharmanAtha tIrthaMkara kI janmabhUmi mAnI jAtI hai| jinaprabha sUri ke mamaya yaha tIrtha ratnavAha nAma se pukArA jAtA thaa| jaina yAtriyoM ne isakA geinAI nAma se ullekha kiyA hai / Ajakala yaha sthAna phaiz2AbAda ke pAsa sohAvala sTezana se eka mIla uttara kI ora hai| zrAvasti ( saheTa-maheTa, z2ilA goMDA) uttara kozala yA kuNAla janapada kI rAjadhAnI thI / zrAvasti kA dUsarA nAma kuNAlanagarI thA / zrAvasti aura mAketa ke bIca sAta yojana (1 yojana=5 mIla ) kA antara thaa| zrAvasti acirAvatI (rAptI) nadI ke kinAre thii| jaina sUtroM meM kahA gayA hai ki isa nadI meM bahuta kama pAnI rahatA thA; isake bahuta se pradeza sUkhe rahate the, aura jaina sAdhu isa nadI ko pAra kara bhikSA ke liye jA sakate the| bauddha sUtroM se patA lagatA hai ki isa nadI ke kinAre snAna karane ke aneka sthAna bane hue the| nagara kI vezyAyeM yahA~ vastra utAra kara snAna karatI thiiN| unakI dekhAdekhI bauddha bhikSuNiyA~ bhI snAna karane lagIM, isa para buddha ne unheM vahA~ snAna karane meM gekA / acirAvatI meM bAr3ha Ane se logoM kA bahutaM nuka ( 36 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha mAna hotA thA / eka bAra to nagarI ke suprasiddha dhanI anAthapiMDaka kA maya mAla-khajAnA nadI meM baha gayA thA | zrAvasti kI bAr3ha kA ullekha AvazyakacUrNi meM bhI milatA hai / jaina anuzruti ke anumAra isa bAr3ha ke 13 varSa bAda mahAvIra ne kevalajJAna prApta kiyA / __ zrAvasti kA rAmAyaNa aura jAtakoM meM ullekha AtA hai / buddha aura mahAvIra ke samaya yaha nagarI bahuta unnata dazA meM thii| ina mahAtmAoM ne yahA~ aneka cAturmAsa vyatIta kiye the / anAthapiMDaka ke nirmANa kiye hue jetavana meM buddha ThaharA karate the| sUtra aura vinayapiTaka ke adhikAMza bhAga kA unhoMne yahIM pravacana kiyA thA / zrAvasti bauddhoM kA bar3A kendra thA / yahA~ ke anAthapiMDaka aura mRgAramAtA vizAkhA buddha ke bar3e prazaMmaka aura pratiSThAtA the / Arya skaMda aura gozAla ne yahA~ vihAra kiyA thA / gozAla kI upAsikA hAlAhalA kumhArI yahIM rahatI thii| pArzvanAtha ke anuyAyI kezIkumAra aura mahAvIra ke anuyAyI gautama gaNadhara meM yahA~ saiddhAMtika carcA huI thii| mahAvIra ko kevalajJAna hone ke 14 varSa pazcAt yahA~ ke koSThaka caitya meM prathama nihaba kI sthApanA huii| jaina granthoM ke anusAra zrAvasti saMbhavanAtha kI janmabhUmi thI / aAjakala yaha tIrtha vicchinna hai / baudra sUtroM ke anusAra zrAvasti ke cAra daravAz2e the, jo uttaradvAra, pUrvadvAra, dakSiNadvAra aura kevaTTadvAra ke nAma se pukAre jAte the / vividhatIrthakalpa meM zrAvasti meM eka mandira aura rakta azoka vRkSa ke hone kA ullekha hai / zrAvasti maheTi nAma se bhI kaho jAtI thii| __ jinaprabha sUri ke anusAra yahA~ samudravaMzIya rAjA rAjya karate the| ye buddha ke parama upAsaka the, aura buddha ke sanmAna meM varaghor3A nikAlate the| zrAvasti meM aneka prakAra kA cAvala paidA hotA thA / Ajakala zrAvasti cAroM ora se jaMgala se ghirI huI hai| yahA~ buddha kI eka vizAla mUrti hai jisake darzana ke liye bauddha loga baramA Adi sudUra dezoM se Ate haiN| yaha sthAna balarAmapura se mAna kosa kI dUrI para hai aura eka mIla taka phailA huA hai| zrAvasti se pUrva kI ora kekaya janapada thA, jo uttara ke kekaya se bhinna hai / jaina sUtroM meM kekaya ke Adhe bhAga ko AryakSetra mAnA gayA hai, isase patA

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uttarapradeza calatA hai ki isake thor3e se bhAga meM hI jainadharma kA prasAra huA thA; mambhavataH avaziSTa bhAga meM jaGgalI jAtiyA~ basatI hoN| kekaya deza zrAvasti ke uttara-pUrva meM nepAla kI tarAI meM avasthita thA / seyaviyA (zvetikA) kekaya kI rAjadhAnI thii| bauddha sUtroM meM isakA nAma setavyA batAyA gayA hai| yaha nagarI kozala deza meM thii| jaina paramparA ke anumAra yahA~ mahAvIra ke kevalajJAna hone ke 214 varSa bAda nImare nihnava kI sthApanA huii| buddha kI janmabhUmi hone ke kAraNa kapilavastu ko bauddha granthoM meM mahAnagara batAyA gayA hai / zAkyoM kI yaha rAjadhAnI thii| isake pAsa rohiNI nadI bahatI thI, jo zAkya aura koliyoM ke bIca kI mImA thii| cInI yAtrI phAhiyAna ke samaya yaha nagara ujAr3a par3A thaa| kapilavastu kI pahacAna naipAla kI tarAI meM rumminadeI nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai / yaha sthAna ghane jaGgaloM se AcchAdita hai / kusInArA buddha kI parinirvANa bhUmi hone se pavitra sthAna mAnA jAtA hai / yaha nagarI malloM kI rAjadhAnI thI; isakA purAnA nAma kusAvatI thA / samrATa azoka ne yahA~ aneka stUpa aura vihAra banavAye the / huana-sAMga ne isa tIrtha ke darzana kiye the| kusInArA kI pahacAna gorakhapura jile ke kasayA nAmaka grAma se kI jAtI hai| kumInArA ke pAsa pAvA nagarI thI / yaha malloM ko rAjadhAnI thii| kusInArA aura pAvA ke bIca kakutthA nadI bahatI thii| pAvA kI pahacAna gorakhapura jile ke par3araunA nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai| gorakhapura jile meM dUsarA sthAna khukhundo hai / isakA prAcIna nAma kiSkindhApura batAyA jAtA hai / jaina yAtrI yahA~ yAtrA karane Ate haiM / yahA~ pArzvanAtha kI mUrti ko loga nAtha kaha kara usakI pUjA karate haiM / yaha sthAna gorakhapura ke pUrva meM lagabhaga 25 kosa para hai| ( 41 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha 2: pazcimI uttarapradeza prAcIna kAla meM pAMcAla (ruhelakhaNDa ) eka samRddhizAlI janapada thA / mahAbhArata meM isakA aneka jagaha ullekha AtA hai| pAMcAla meM janma hone ke kAraNa draupadI pAMcAlI kahI jAtI thii| badAyU~, farrukhAbAda aura usake irdagirda ke pradeza ko pAMcAla mAnA jAtA hai| ____ bhAgIrathI nadI ke kAraNa pAMcAla deza do bhAgoM meM vibhakta thA, eka dakSiNa pAMcAla dUsarA uttara pAMcAla | mahAbhArata ke anusAra dakSiNa pAMcAla kI rAjadhAnI kAMpilya aura uttara pAMcAla kI rAjadhAnI ahicchatrA thii| kAMpilyapura athavA kampilanagara gaGgA ke taTa para basA thaa| yahA~ bar3I dhUmadhAma se draupadI kA svayaMvara racA gacA thaa| jainoM ke 13veM tIrthakara vimalanAtha kI yaha janmabhUmi thI / yahA~ mahAvIra ke zrAvaka rahate the, aura yahA~ indra mahotsava manAyA jAtA thaa| kAMpilyapura kI pahacAna farrukhAbAda jile ke kaMpila nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai| yahA~ bahuta-sI khaMDita pratimAe~ milI haiM / yahA~ kaI jaina mandira hai. aura mUrtiyoM para lekha khude haiM / dakSiNa pAMcAla kI dUsarI rAjadhAnI mAkaMdI thii| yaha nagarI vyApAra kA kendra thaa| haribhadra sUri kI samarAiccakahA meM isa nagarI kA varNana aAtA hai / ahicchatrA yA ahikSetra uttara pAMcAla kI rAjadhAnI thii| jaina sUtroM meM ise jAMgala athavA kuru jAMgala kI rAjadhAnI batAyA gayA hai / yaha nagarI zaMkhavatI, pratyagraratha aura zivapura nAma se bhI pukArI jAtI thii| isakI gaNanA aSTApada, Urjayanta, gajAgrapadagiri, dharmacakra aura rathAvarta nAmaka pavitra tIthoM ke mAtha kI gaI hai| jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra yahA~ dharaNendra ne apane phaNa se pArzvanAtha kI rakSA kI thii| lekina Ajakala yaha tIrtha vicchinna hai / huana-sAMga ke samaya yahA~ nagara ke bAhara nAgahrada thA, jahA~ buddha bhagavAn ne sAta dina taka nAgarAja ko upadeza diyA thaa| isa sthAna para samrATa azoka ne stUpa banavAyA thA / jinaprabha sUri ke vividhatIrthakalpa meM kahA gayA hai ki yahA~ IToM kA kilA ( 42 )

Page #50
uttarapradeza graura mIThe pAnI ke sAta kaMDa the jinameM snAna karane se striyA~ patravatI hotI thiiN| nagarI ke bAhara aura bhItara aneka kue~, bAvar3I Adi bane the jinameM nahAne se kor3ha Adi roga zAnta ho jAte the| yahA~ aneka auSadhiyA~ milatI thIM, tathA bahuta se tIrthasthAna the| ahicchatrA kI pahacAna barelI jile meM rAmanagara nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai / yahA~ bahuta se purAne mikke aura mUrtiyA~ upalabdha huI haiM, tathA prAcIna khaMDahara par3e hue haiN| dakSiNa pAMcAla meM pUrva kI ora kAnyakubja nAma kA samRddha nagara thaa| yaha indrapura, gAdhipura, mahodaya aura kuzasthala nAmoM se bhI pukArA jAtA thA / kAnyakubja sAtavIM sadI se lekara 10vIM sadI taka uttara bhArata ke sAmrAjya kA kendra aura samUce bhArata kA mukhya nagara thaa| cInI yAtrI huana-sAMga ke yAgamana ke samaya yahA~ rAjA harSavardhana kA rAjya thaa| usa samaya yaha nagara zUrasena meM zAmila thaa| ___ kAnyakubja kI pahacAna yamunA ke pazcimI kinAre para sthita kannauja se kI jAtI hai| jaina sUtroM meM aMtaraMjiyA nagarI kA ullekha AtA hai| aMtaraMjiyA jaina zramaNoM kI zAkhA thI, isase patA lagatA hai ki yaha sthAna jainoM kA kendra thA / gehagupta prAcArya ne yahA~ chaThe nihnava kI sthApanA kI thii| zrAine akavarI meM ise kannauja kA paraganA batAyA gayA hai / __ aMtaraMjiyA kI pahacAna eTA jile ke aMtaraMjiyA nAmaka kher3e se kI jAtI hai / yaha sthAna kAlI nadI para hai / saMkissa athavA saMkisa bauddhoM kA tIrtha sthAna hai| yahA~ azoka ne stambha banavAyA thaa| fAhiyAna aura huana-sAMga yahA~ Aye the| jaina kavi dhanapAla kI yaha janmabhUmi thii| yaha sthAna Ajakala isI nAma se prasiddha hai aura kAlI nadI para basA hai / yahA~ bahuta se sikke aura dhvaMsAvazeSa mile haiM / kuzAta kI gaNanA jainoM ke mAr3he paccIsa Arya dezoM meM kI gaI hai / jaina

Page #51
bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha granthoM meM kahA gayA hai ki rAjA zauri ne apane laghu bhrAtA suvIra ko mathurA kA rAjya sauMpakara kuzArta deza meM jAkara zauripura nagara bamAyA / pazcima ke kuzAna nagara se yaha bhinna hai| zauripura yA sUryapura kuzAta kI rAjadhAnI thii| jaina paramparA ke anusAra yaha nagara kRSNa aura unake cacere bhAI neminAtha kI janmabhUmi thii| zauripura yamunA ke kinAre basA thA / isakI pahacAna aAgarA jile ke sUryapara nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai / yaha sthAna yamunA ke dAhine kinAre baTemara ke pAsa hai / zvetAmbara AcArya hIravijaya sUri ke Agamana ke samaya isa tIrtha kA jIrNoddhAra kiyA gayA thA / baTesara meM bahuta-se ziva-mandira bane haiM aura yahA~ kArtika mahIne meM bar3A melA lagatA hai jisameM bahuta se ghor3e, U~Ta Adi bikane Ate haiN| prAcIna granthoM meM zUrasena kA ullekha AtA hai / brAhmaNa granthoM ke anusAra ise rAma ke choTe bhAI zatrughna ne basAyA thaa| yahA~ kI bhApA zaurasenI kahI jAtI thI / mathurA ke grAmapAsa kA pradeza zUrasena kahA jAtA hai / zUrasena kI rAjadhAnI mathurA thI / uttarApatha kA yaha mahattvapUrNa nagara thA / mahAbhArata ke anusAra mathurA yAdavoM kI bhUmi thii| kaMsavadha ke pazcAt jarAsaMdha ke bhaya se yAdava loga mathurA chor3akara pazcima kI ora cale gaye aura vahA~ unhoMne dvArakA nagarI basAI / bRhatkalpabhASya meM kahA gayA hai ki madhurA ke antargata 66 gA~voM ke rahane vAle loga apane gharoM aura caurAhoM para jina bhagavAn kI pratimA sthApita karate the / yahA~ eka sone kA stUpa thA, jisa para jaina aura bauddhoM meM jhagar3A huA thaa| kahate haiM ki anta meM isa stUpa para jainoM kA adhikAra ho gyaa| ravipeNa ke bRhatkathAkoza tathA somadeva sUri ke yazastilaka campU meM ise devanirmita stUpa kahA gayA hai| rAjamalla ke jambUsvAmI carita meM mathurA meM 500 stUpoM kA ullekha hai, jinakA uddhAra akabara bAdazAha ke samakAlIna sAhU ToDara dvArA kiyA gayA thaa| mathurA kA prAcIna stUpa Ajakala kaMkAlI TIle ke rUpa meM maujUda hai, jisakI khudAI se purAtattva saMbaMdhI aneka mahattvapUrNa bAtoM kA patA lagA hai| ( 44 )

Page #52
uttarapradeza mathurA meM antima kevalI jambUsvAmI kA nirvANa huaA thA, ataeva isakI gaNanA siddhakSetroM meM kI gaI hai| IsavI san kI cauthI zatAbdi meM jaina yAgamAM kI saMkalanA ke lie yahA~ jaina zramaNoM kA mammelana huA thaa| AryamaMga aura AryarakSita ne isa nagarI meM vihAra kiyA thaa| bauddha granthoM meM mathurA meM pA~ca doSa batAye gaye haiM :-bhUmi kI viSamatA, dhUla kA Adhikya, kuttoM kA upadrava, yakSoM kA upadrava aura bhikSA kI durlabhatA / kahate haiM ki eka bAra buddha bhagavAn nagara meM praveza karanA cAhate the, parantu yakSiNI ke upadrava ke kAraNa vApisa lauTa gaye / lekina mAlUma hotA hai ki phAhiyAna aura huana-sAMga ke samaya mathurA meM bauddha dharma kA z2ora thA, aura usa samaya yahA~ aneka saMghArAma aura stUpa bane hue the, tathA yahA~ kA rAjA aura usake mantrI bauddha dharma ke anuyAyI the| prAcIna kAla se hI mathurA aneka sAdhu-santoM kA kendra rahA hai, isaliya ise pAkhaMDigarbha kahA gayA hai| mathurA maMDIra ( vaTa vRkSa) yakSa kI yAtrA ke lie prasiddha thA / isa yAtrA meM aneka nara-nArI sammalita hote the| vividhatIrthakalpa meM mathurA meM 12 vanoM kA ullekha AtA hai / mathurA vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thA; yahA~ kapar3A bahuta acchA banatA thA / yahA~ ke loga khetI-bArI nahIM karate the, unakI AjIvikA kA mukhya sAdhana vyApAra thA / rAjA kaniSka ke samaya mathurA se zrAvasti, banArasa Adi nagaroM ko mUrtiyA~ bhejI jAtI thiiN| mathurA Ajakala vaiSNavoM kA parama dhAma mAnA jAtA hai / yahIM pAsa meM vRndAvana hai / mathurA ke AsapAsa caurAsI kosa kA gherA brajamaMDala kahA jAtA hai| mathurA kI pahacAna mathurA se dakSiNa-pazcima meM maholi nAmaka grAma se kI jAtI hai| mathurA meM caurAsI nAmaka sthAna para digambara jaina mandira banA huaA hai| mathurA se Upara kI ora acchA janapada thaa| isakI rAjadhAnI kA nAma varaNA thaa| vAraNa gaNa aura uccAnAgarI zAkhA kA ullekha kalpasUtra meM AtA hai, isase mAlUma hotA hai, yaha pradeza jaina zramaNoM kA kendra thaa| varaNA kI pahacAna bulandazahara se kI jAtI hai jo uccAnagara kA hI

Page #53
bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha bhASAMtara hai / Ajakala bhI yaha vArana nAma se prasiddha hai / yahA~ prAcIna sikke upalabdha hue haiN| kuru yA kurujAMgala kA mahAbhArata meM aneka jagaha ullekha pAtA hai / yahA~ ke loga bahuta buddhimAn aura svastha mAne jAte the| bhagavAna buddha kA upadeza sunakara yahA~ bahuta-se loga unake anuyAyI bane the / kurukSetra yA sthAnezvara ke irdagirda ke pradeza ko kurudeza mAnA jAtA hai | jAtaka granthoM ke anusAra kurudeza kI rAjadhAnI indraprastha (dillI) thI, aura yaha yamunA ke kinAre basI huI thI / rAjA yudhiSThira kI yaha mukhya nagarI thii| ___ jaina sUtroM ke anusAra kuru kI rAjadhAnI hastinApura thii| hastinApura kA dUsarA nAma nAgapura thA / vasudevahiNDI meM ise brahmasthala nAma se kahA gayA hai / yaha sthAna jaina tIrthakara, cakravartI tathA pAMDavoM kI janmabhUmi mAnA jAtA hai / isa nagara kI gaNanA atizaya kSetroM meM kI gaI hai / hastinApura meM mahAvIra dvArA zivarAjA ko dIkSA diye jAne kA ullekha jaina sUtroM meM milatA hai / Ajakala yaha nagara ujAr3a par3A hai| jaGgala meM jaina naziyA~ banI huI haiM, jahA~ tIrthakaroM kI caraNa-pAdukAe~ haiM / yaha sthAna meraTha jile meM mavAne ke pAsa isI nAma se prasiddha hai / aAjakala yahA~ khudAI cala rahI hai / isake aAsapAsa khAdara hai, sarakAra ise khetI karane yogya banAne kA udyoga kara rahI hai|

Page #54
w paMjAba-sindha-kAThiyAvAr3a-gujarAtarAjapUtAnA-mAlavA-bundelakhaMDa 1 : paMjAba-sindha mAlUma hotA hai ki nirdoSa khAna-pAna kI suvidhA na hone ke kAraNa paMjAba aura sindha meM jainadharma kA itanA pracAra nahIM ho sakA jitanA anya pradezoM meM huA / sindhu deza ke viSaya meM chedasUtroM meM kahA hai ki yadi duSkAla. viruddha rAjyAtikrama yA anya kisI aparihArya Apatti ke kAraNa vahA~ jAnA par3e to yathAzIghra vahA~ se lauTa AnA cAhiye / kyoMki vahA~ bhakSyAbhakSya kA vicAra nahIM, loga mAMsa aura madya kA sevana karate haiM, tathA pAkhaNDI sAdhu aura sAdhvI vahA~ nivAsa karate haiN| __ prAcIna jaina granthoM meM gaMdhAra kA ullekha aAtA hai / bauddha sUtroM meM gaMdhAra ko uttarApatha kA prathama janapada batAyA gayA hai| takSazilA aura puSkarAvatI gaMdhAra deza kI krama se pUrvI aura pazcimI rAjadhAniyA~ thIM / jAtaka granthoM ke anusAra takSazilA samUce bhArata kA vidyAkendra thA, aura yahA~ lATa, kuru, magadha, zivi Adi dUra-dUra dezoM ke vidyArthI par3ane aAte the| prasiddha vaiyAkaraNI pANinI aura prakhyAta vaidyarAja jIvaka ne yahIM vidyAbhyAsa kiyA thaa| jaina granthoM meM takSazilA ko bahalI deza kI rAjadhAnI batAyA gayA hai / jaina paramparA ke anusAra, RSabhadeva ne ayodhyA kA rAjya bharata ko aura bahalI kA rAjya vAhubali ko sauMpakara dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| bAda meM calakara bharata aura bAhubali donoM meM yuddha huA aura bAhubali ne bhI dIkSA grahaNa kara lii| ( 47 )

Page #55
bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha takSazilA kA dUsarA nAma dharmacakrabhUmikA thaa| yaha nagarI bahuta samRddha thI, tathA yahA~ rAjA azoka apane putra kuNAla ke sAtha rahatA thA / takSazilA kI khudAI meM aneka mikke, tAmrapatra tathA stUpoM aura vihAroM ke dhvaMsAvazeSa upalabdha hue haiN| takSazilA kI pahacAna pAkistAna meM gavalapiMDI z2ile ke zAhajI kI DherI nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai / mAketa ke pazcima meM thUNA ( sthANutIrtha ) jaina zramaNoM ke vihAra kI sImA thI / ima nagara kA saMbaMdha pANDavoM ke itihAsa se hai / huana-mAMga ke samaya yahA~ aneka bauddha stUpa bane hue the / sthAnezvara kI pahacAna sarasvatI aura ghAgharA ke bIca kurukSetra se kI jAnI hai / malloM ke thUNA se yaha bhinna hai / rohItaka kA ullekha mahAbhArata aura divyAvadAna meM AtA hai / prAcIna mamaya meM gehItaka samRddhizAlI nagara thA / imakI pahacAna aAdhunika rohataka se kI jAtI hai / abhaya deva ke anusAra mauvIra (mindha ) sindhu nadI ke pAsa hone ke kAraNa sindhu-sauvIra kahA jAtA thA, yadyapi bauddha granthoM meM sindhu aura sauvIra ko alaga-alaga pradeza mAnakara roruka ko mauvIra kI rAjadhAnI batAyA hai / sindhu deza kI nadiyoM meM bAr3ha bahuta AtI thI / digambara paramparA ke anusAra rAmilla, nthUlabhadra aura bhadrAcArya ne ujayinI meM duSkAla par3ane para miMdhu deza meM vihAra kiyA thaa| jaina granthoM meM sindhu-sauvIra kI rAjadhAnI kA nAma vItibhaya paTTana batAyA gayA hai / ima nagara kA dUsarA nAma kuMbhAraprakSepa thA / kahate haiM ki eka bAra maharSi udayana kisI kumhAra ke ghara Thahare hue the| vahA~ unake bhAnaje ne unheM viSa de diyA jisase unakI mRtyu ho gii| isa para devatAoM ne kumhAra ke ghara ko chor3akara nagara meM sarvatra dhUla kI ghora varSA kI, ataeva isa nagara kA nAma kuMbhAraprakSepa par3A / mahAvIra dvArA udayana ko dIkSA diye jAne kA ullekha jaina granthoM meM AtA hai / isa nagara meM mahAvIra kI candana-nirmita pratimA thI, (48 )

Page #56
paMjAba-sindha-kAThiyAvAr3a-gujarAta-rAjapUtAnA-mAlavA-bundelakhaMDa jisake darzana ke liye loga dUra-dUra se prAte the| phAhiyAna ke samaya yahA~ bauddha dharma kA pracAra thaa| vItibhayapaTTana siNavalli ke antargata thA / siNavalli eka bar3A vikaTa registAna thA, jahA~ zudhA-tRpA se pIr3ita yAtrI logoM ko aksara prANoM se hAtha dhonA par3atA thA / saMbhavataH pAkistAna meM muz2aphpharagar3ha jile ke manAvana yA sinAvana ke AsapAsa kA pradeza miNavalli kahA jAtA ho / vItibhaya kI pahacAna pAkistAna meM zAhapura z2ile ke bherA nAmaka sthAna se kI jA sakatI hai / isakA purAnA nAma bhadravatI batAyA jAtA hai / yahA~ vinjhi nAmaka gA~va ke pAsa bahuta se khaMDahara pAye gaye haiM, jinase patA lagatA hai ki prAcIna kAla meM yaha sthAna bahuta unnata dazA meM thA / 2: kAThiyAvAr3a mAlUma hotA hai ki gujarAta aura kAThiyAvAr3a meM zanaiH-zanaiH jaina dharma kA prasAra huaA / jaina granthoM meM saurASTra (kAThiyAvAr3a) kA ullekha mahArASTra, dravir3a, Andhra aura kuDukka (kurga) dezoM ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai, jahA~ parama dhArmika samprati rAjA ne apane bhaToM ko bhejakara jaina dharma kA pracAra kiyA / Age calakara rAjA kumArapAla ke samaya gujarAta meM jainadharma kAfI phUlA phlaa| saurASTra kI gaNanA jainoM ke sAr3he paccIsa Arya dezoM meM kI gaI hai / jaina granthoM ke anusAra yahA~ kAlakAcArya IrAna ke 66 zAhoM ko lekara Aye the| saurASTra vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thA / dvAravatI saurASTra kI mukhya nagarI thii| isakA dUsarA nAma kuzasthalI thA / dvArakA kA varNana jaina sUtroM meM AtA hai / pahale kahA jA cukA hai ki jarAsaMdha ke bhaya se yAdava loga mathurA chor3akara yahA~ aA base the| jaina granthoM meM dvArakA ko bAnarta, kuzArta, saurASTra aura zuSkarASTra kI rAjadhAnI kahA hai| dvIpAyana RSi dvArA dvArakA ke vinAza hone kA ullekha brAhmaNa aura jaina granthoM meM milatA hai / yahA~ kAdaMbarI nAma kI eka gufA thI / uttara kI dvArakA se yaha bhinna hai| kucha loga jUnAgar3ha ko hI prAcIna dvArakA mAnate haiM / aAjakala yaha sthAna vaiSNavoM kA parama dhAma mAnA jAtA hai / ( 46 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha dvArakA* ke uttara-pUrva meM raivataka parvata thaa| isakA dUsarA nAma Urjayanta thaa| yahA~ nandanavana nAma kA vama thA, jisameM surapriya yakSa kA sundara maMdira thA / yaha parvata aneka pakSI, latAoM yAdi se zobhita thaa| yahA~ pAnI ke jharane the, aura lAga prativarSa utsava ( sakhaDi ) manAne ke lie ekatrita hote the| raivataka parvata para bhagavAn ariSTanemi ne muktilAbha kiyA; isakI gaNanA siddhakSetroM meM kI jAtI hai| yahA~ gujarAta ke prasiddha jaina mantrI tejapAla ke banavAe hue aneka mandira haiM / rAjImatI ( rAjula ) ne yahA~ tapa kiyA thA, usakI yahA~ gufA banI huI hai / digambara paramparA ke anusAra, yahA~ candraguphA meM prAcArya dharasena ne tapa kiyA thA, aura yahIM para bhUnabali aura puSpadanta prAcAryoM ko avaziSTa zrutajJAna ko lipibaddha karane kA Adeza kiyA gayA thA / vaibhAra parvata ke samAna raivataka bhI krIDA kA sthala thA / raivataka ke irda-girda kA pradeza girinagara yA girinAra ke nAma se pakArA jAtA thA / raivataka kI pahacAna jUnAgar3ha ke pAsa giranAra se kI jAtI hai / prabhAsa kSetra ko mahAbhArata meM sarvapradhAna tIrthoM meM ginA hai / ise candraprabhAsa, devapATana athavA devapaTTana bhI kahate haiM / brAhmaNoM kA yaha pavitra dhAma mAnA jAtA hai / candragrahaNa ke samaya yahA~ aneka yAtrI pAte haiM / aAvazyaka cUrNi meM prabhAsa ko jaina tIrtha mAnA gayA hai / prabhAsa kI pahacAna aAdhunika momanAtha se kI jAtI hai / zatrujaya jaina tIrthoM meM grAditIrtha mAnA jAtA hai / isakA dUsarA nAma puNDarIka hai / jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra yahA~ paJca pAMDava tathA anya aneka RSi-muniyoM ne muktilAbha kiyA / rAjA kumArapAla ke rAjya meM lAkhoM rupaye lagAkara yahA~ ke mandiroM kA jIrNoddhAra kiyA gayA thA / yahA~ para choTe-moTe haz2AroM mandira bane hue haiM / ina mandiroM meM kucha gyArahavIM zatAbdi ke haiM, bAkI IsavI san 1500 ke bAda ke bane hue haiM / ** paTanA ke dIvAna bahAdura rAdhAkRSNa jAlAna ke saMgraha meM eka jaina stUpa surakSita hai jo maMgamaramara kA banA hai aura dvArakA se lAyA gayA hai / ( 50 )

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paMjAba-sindha-kAThiyAvAr3a-gujarAta-rAjapUtAnA-mAlavA-bundelakhaMDa yaha sthAna kAThiyAvAr3a meM pAlitAnA sTezana se do mIla ke fAmale para hai / yahA~ jaina yAtriyoM ke Thaharane ke lie grAlIzAna dharmazAlAe~ banI valabhI prAcIna kAla meM maurASTra kI rAjadhAnI thii| ImavI mana kI chaTI zatAbdi meM yahA~ devadhigaNi kSamAzramaNa kI adhyakSatA meM jaina zrAgamoM kI ---saGkalanA ke liye aMtima sammelana huaA thA / devadhigaNi kI yahA~ mUrti sthApita hai / huana-sAMga ke samaya yahA~ aneka bauddha vihAra maujUda the| nAlandA ke samAna valabhI bhI bauddha vidyA kA kendra thaa| yahA~ aneka prAcIna sikke aura tAmrapatra upalabdha hue haiN| valabhI kI pahacAna bhAvanagara se uttara-pUrva meM 18 mIla para valA nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai / hatthaka pya nagara kA ullekha jaina sUtroM meM AtA hai / paJca pAMDavoM kA yahA~ Agamana huA thaa| pAMDavacarita ke anusAra, yaha nagara raivataka parvata se bAraha yojana kI dUrI para thA / zilAlekhoM meM hastakavapra kA ullekha AtA hai| isa nagara kI pahacAna bhAvanagara riyAsata ke hAthava nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai| mahavA bandara bhAvanagara riyAsata meM hai / isakA dUmarA nAma madhumatI thA / pArzvanAtha kA yaha atizaya kSetra mAnA jAtA hai| 3: gujarAta jaina aura bauddha granthoM meM lATa deza kA ullekha pAtA hai, yadyapi isakI gaNanA pRthaka rUpa se prArya dezoM meM nahIM kI gaI / varSARtu meM yahA~ giriyajJa nAmaka utsava, tathA zrAvaNa sudI pUrNimA ke dina indra kA utsava manAyA jAtA thaa| isa deza meM varSA se khetI hotI thI, aura yahA~ gvAre pAnI ke ku~e the /

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha bhRgukaccha lATa kI rAjadhAnI thii| yaha nagara bhRgupura nAma se bhI prasiddha thA / bauddha jAtakoM meM bhRgukaccha kA ullekha pAtA hai / yahA~ kuNDalameNTa nAmaka vyaMtara deva kI smRti meM utsava manAyA jAtA thaa| bhUtataDAga nAma kA yahA~ bar3A tAlAba thaa| prAcArya vajrabhUti ne bhRgukaccha meM vihAra kiyA thA / bhRgukaccha aura ujjainI ke bIca paccIsa yojana kA antara thA / bhRgakaccha vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thaa| yahA~ jala aura sthala donoM mAgoM se vyApAra hotA thA / IsavI san kI prathama zatAbdi meM yahA~ kAbula se mAla aAtA thaa| bhRgukaccha kI pahacAna aAdhunika bhaDauMca se kI jAtI hai / aAjakala yaha munisuvratanAtha kA tIrtha mAnA jAtA hai| azvAvabodha nAmaka tIrtha yahA~ se lagabhaga chaha koma hai| aAnandapura kA purAnA nAma yAnartapura hai / ise nagara bhI kahA jAtA thaa| rAjA dhruvasena dvitIya kI yaha rAjadhAnI thii| jaina paramparA ke anumAra yahA~ sarvaprathama kalpasUtra kI yAcanA huI thii| Anandapura brAhmaNoM kA kendra thA / jaina zramaNa yahA~ se mathurA ke lie vihAra karate the| Anandapura vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thA / yahA~ sthala mArga se mAla yAtAjAtA thaa| yahA~ ke nivAsI sarasvatI nadI ke kinAre utsava manAte the| aAnandapura kI pahacAna uttara gujarAta ke bar3anagara sthAna se kI jAtI hai / moDheragA kA ullekha sUtrakRtAMga cUrNi meM AtA hai| yahA~ siddhasena prAcArya ne vihAra kiyA thaa| prAcIna zilAlekhoM meM isa nagarI kA nAma zrAtA hai / moDha vaNikoM kI utpatti kA yaha sthAna hai| hemacandrAcArya mor3ha jAti meM hI utpanna hue the| yaha sthAna pATana se lagabhaga 18 mIla kI dUrI para hai / yahA~ sUrya kA mandira hai| tAraGgAgiri se varAMga, sAgaradatta, varadatta Adi sAr3he tIna karor3a muniyoM ke mokSa jAne kA ullekha jaina granthoM meM AtA hai / yahA~ siddhazilA nAma kI pahAr3I hai| pahAr3a ke Upara prAcArya hemacandra ke upadeza se mamrATa kumArapAla ( 52 )

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paMjAba-sindha-kAThiyAvAr3a-gujarAta-rAjapUtAnA-mAlavA-bundelakhaMDa dvArA pratiSThita vizAla mandira hai jisake nirmANa meM lAkhoM rupaye lage the / prabhAvakacarita meM ima tIrtha kI utpatti dI huI hai| mhaisANA se tAraMgA hila ko rela jAtI hai / tAraMgA hila sTezana se tInacAra mIla ke fAmale para hai / pAvAgiri siddhakSetroM meM ginA jAtA hai / yahA~ se rAmacandra jI ke putra lava aura kuza Adi pA~ca karor3a muniyoM ke mokSa jAne kA ullegva milatA hai / yaha tIrtha zatrujaya kI jor3a kA mAnA jAtA hai / pAvakagar3ha kA ullekha zilAlekhoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| yaha sthAna tomaravaMzI rAjAoM ke adhikAra meM thA / yahA~ lAkhoM rupaye kI lAgata ke digambara jaina mandira bane hue haiM / pahale yaha tIrtha zvetAmbaroM kA thaa| yahA~ suprasiddha mantrI tejapAla ne marvatobhadra nAma kA vizAla mandira banavAyA thaa| mAtra sudI 13 se yahA~ tIna dina taka melA bharatA hai| yaha sthAna bar3audA se aTAIsa mIla ke phAsale para cA~pAnera ke pAsa hai / staMbhana tIrtha kI kathA somadharmagaNi kI upadezasaptatikA meM AtI hai / cintAmaNi pArzvanAtha kA yahA~ prasiddha mandira hai| yahA~ abhayadeva sUri ne vihAra kiyA thaa| staMbhana tIrtha kI pahacAna aAdhunika khaMbhAta se kI jAtI hai / 4: rAjapUtAnA rAjapUtAne ko marubhUmi kahA jAtA thA / yahA~ zanaiH-zanaiH jaina dharma kA prasAra huaaa| matsya deza kA ullekha mahAbhArata meM AtA hai| isa deza kI gaNanA jainoM ke sAr3he paccIma Arya dezoM meM kI gaI hai| matsya deza kI pahacAna aAdhunika alavara riyAsata se kI jAtI hai / vairATa yA virATanagara matsya kI rAjadhAnI thii| banavAsa ke mamaya yahA~ pAMDavoM ne guma vAma kiyA thA / yahA~ azoka ke zilAlekha pAye gaye haiM / cInI ( 53 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha yAtrI huana-sAMga yahA~ pAyA thaa| vairATa meM bauddha maThoM ke dhvaMsAvazeSa upalabdha yahA~ ke loga vIratA ke lie pramiddha the| pAine-akavarga meM baigaTa kA ullekha AtA hai / akabara bAdazAha ne isa nagara ko phira se bamAyA thA / yahA~ tA~be kI bahuta mI khAne thiiN| vairATa kI pahacAna jayapura riyAmata ke vaigaTa nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai / rAjapUtAne kA dUsarA prAcIna sthAna puSkara thA / aAvazyaka cUrNi meM isako tIrthakSetra batAyA hai / ujayinI ke rAjA caMDapradyota ke mamaya yaha sthAna vidyamAna thaa| yahA~ puSkara tAlAba meM snAna karane ke liye yAjakala bhI aneka yAtrI pAte haiM / yahA~ aneka uttama ghATa, dharmazAlAe~ aura mandira bane hue haiM / puSkara ajamera se lagabhaga 6 mIla kI dUrI para hai| bhillamAla yA zrImAla meM prAcArya vajrasvAmI ne vihAra kiyA thaa| yahA~ dramma nAma kA cA~dI kA sikkA calatA thA / chaThI zatAbdi se lekara nauvIM zatAbdi taka yaha sthAna zrImAla gurjaroM kI rAjadhAnI thI / zrImAla upamitibhavaprapaMcakathA ke kartA siddharvi aura mAgha kavi kI janmabhami thii| bhillamAla kI pahacAna jodhapura riyAmata meM jamavantapura ke pAma bhinamAla nAmaka sthAna meM kI jAtI hai / arbada jainoM kA prAcIna tIrtha hai / yahA~ RSabhanAtha aura neminAtha ke vizvavikhyAta mandira haiM, jinheM lAkhoM rupaye kharca karake banavAyA gayA thaa| inameM se eka 1032 I0 meM vimalazAha kA banavAyA huA hai aura dUsarA 1232 I. meM tejapAla kA banavAyA huyA hai / donoM hI zikhara taka saMgamaramara ke bane haiM / jinaprabhasUri ke samaya yahA~ zrImAtA, acalezvara, vaziSThAzrama Adi aneka laukika tIrtha vidyamAna the / bRhatkalpabhASya meM arbuda aura prabhAsa tIrthoM para utsava ( maMkhaDi ) manAye jAne kA ullekha AtA hai| arvada kI pahacAna mirohI rAjya ke antargata grAbU pahAr3a se kI jAtI hai /

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paMjAba-sindha-kAThiyAvAr3a-gunarAta-rAjapUtAnA-mAlavA-bundelakhaMDa isakI gaNanA zatrujaya, sammedazikhara, giranAra aura candragiri nAmaka tIrthoM ke sAtha kI gaI hai| mAdhyamikA ( majjhamiyA ) nAma kI jaina zramaNoM kI zAkhA kA ullekha kalpasUtra meM milatA hai / yahA~ prAcIna zilAlekha, sikke evaM bauddha stUpoM ke avazeSa upalabdha hue haiM / . mAdhyamikA kI pahacAna dakSiNa rAjapUtAne meM cittaur3a ke pAma nagarI nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai / udayapura meM dhulevAjI athavA kesariyAjI jaina tIrtha mAnA jAtA hai / yahA~ phAlguna badI 8 ko bar3A melA lagatA hai, aura bhagavAn para manoM kesara car3hAI jAtI hai / bhIla grAdi jAtiyA~ bhI isa tIrtha ko pUjatI haiN| vijoliyA udayapura se lagabhaga 112 mIla hai / isakA purAnA nAma vindhyAvali thA / yahA~ pAzvanAtha kA mandira hai / jodhapura se mer3atA roDa lAina para mer3atA roDa jaMkzana ke pAma phalodhI nAma kA tIrtha hai / isa tIrtha kI kathA upadezasaptatikA meM AtI hai| yahA~ prAcArya devasUri kA Agamana huaA thA / yahA~ pArzvanAtha kI par3hAI hAtha laMbI mUrti hai| vikrama kI 13-16 zatAbdi meM rANakapura eka unnata aura mahAn nagara thaa| yahA~ dhanAzA aura ratanAzA nAma ke do bhAiyoM ne lAkhoM rupayA kharca karake mandiroM kA nirmANa kiyA thA / mevAr3a ke mahArANA kumbhA rANA ke samaya vikrama saMvat 1434 meM isa tIrtha ke nirmANa kA kArya jArI thA / aAja kala yaha tIrtha mAravAr3a aura mevAr3a kI saMdhi para vidyamAna hai / 5 : mAlavA mAlava kI gaNanA prAcIna janapadoM meM kI gaI hai / yaha deza jaina zramaNoM kA kendra thA, aura avantipati rAjA samprati ne yahA~ jaina dharma kI prabhAvanA

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha kI thii| yahA~ ke bodhikoM kA ullekha mahAbhArata tathA jaina granthoM meM yAtA hai / ye loga ujayinI nivAsiyoM ko bhagAkara le jAte the / cInI yAtrI huyanamAMga ke samaya mAlavA vidyA kA kendra thA aura yahA~ aneka maTa bane hae the / avanti mAlavA kI rAjadhAnI thii| yaha dakSiNApatha kI mukhya nagarI thii| avanti kA ullekha bauddha sUtroM meM yAtA hai / IsavI san kI sAtavIM-AThavIM sadI ke pahale mAlava avanti ke nAma se prakhyAta thaa| yahA~ kI miTTI kAlI hotI thI, ataeva yahA~ bauddha sAdhuyoM ko jUte pahanane aura snAna karane kI anumati prApta thii| avanti kI pahacAna mAlavA, nimAra aura madhyapradeza ke kucha hissoM se kI jAtI hai| avanti ke pUrva meM usase saTA huaA aAkara deza thA / aAkara kI rAjadhAnI vidizA thii| Age calakara avanti aura pAkara krama se pazcimI aura pUrvI mAlavA kahalAne lge| ujjayinI uttara avanti kI rAjadhAnI thii| rAjA caNDapradyota yahA~ rAjya karatA thA / kucha samaya pazcAt samrATa azoka kA putra kuNAla yahA~ kA sUbedAra huyA / ujjayinI kA dUsarA nAma kuNAla nagara batAyA gayA hai| kuNAla ke bAda rAjA samprati kA rAjya huyA / yahA~ jIvantasvAmI pratimA ke darzana ke liye prArya susti kA aAgamana huyA thaa| yahA~ prAcArya caMDarudra, bhadrakagupta, AyarakSita, AryabhASAr3ha Adi muniyoM ne bhI vihAra kiyA thaa| digambara jaina paramparA ke anusAra candragupta samrATa ne yahA~ bhadrabAhu se dIkSA grahaNa kara dakSiNa kI yAtrA kI thii| zvetAmbara jaina paramparA ke anusAra yahA~ kAlakAcArya ne rAjA gardabhilla ko siMhAsana se utAra kara usake sthAna para IrAna ke zAhoM ko baiThAyA thaa| bAda meM rAjA vikramAditya ne apanA rAjya sthApita kiyaa| siddhasena divAkara vikramAditya kI sabhA ke eka ratna mAne jAte the| ujjayinI vizAlA aura puSpakaraMDinI nAma se bhI prakhyAta thii| kisI samaya yahA~ bauddhoM kA z2Ara thA aura yahA~ aneka bauddha maTha bane hue the / yahA~

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paMjAba-sindha-kAThiyAvAr3a-gujarAta-rAjapUtAnA-mAlavA-bundelakhaNDa ke loga madyapAna ke zaukIna hote the / ujjayinI vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thA / ujjayinI meM mahAkAla nAma kA prAcIna mandira thA, jisakA ullekha kAlidAsa ne meghadUta meM kiyA hai / yaha mandira Ajakala mahAkAlezvara ke nAma se prakhyAta hai| dakSiNa avanti kI rAjadhAnI mAhiSmatI thii| kisI samaya yaha bahuta samRdvAvasthA meM thI / bauddha granthoM meM ise mahezvarapura kahA gayA hai / - mAhiSmatI kI pahacAna narmadA ke dAhine kinAre para mahiSmati athavA maheza nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai| yaha sthAna indaura se paiMtAlIsa mIla kI dUrI para hai / dazArNa kA nAma jaina Arya kSetroM meM AtA hai / dazArNa kA ullekha mahAbhArata aura mevadUta meM bhI milatA hai / yahA~ kI talavAreM bahuta acchI hotI thiiN| bhilasA ke AsapAsa ke pradeza ko dazArNa mAnA jAtA hai| mRttikAvatI dazArNa kI rAjadhAnI thI / yaha nagarI narmadA ke kinAre thii| brAhmaNoM kI harivaMza purANa meM isakA ullekha milatA hai| __ meghadUta meM vidizA ko dazArNa kI rAjadhAnI kahA gayA hai / yahA~ mahAvIra kI candana-nirmita mUrti thii| prAcArya mahAgiri tathA suhasti ne yahA~ vihAra kiyA thA / bharahata ke zilAlekhoM meM vidizA kA ullekha milatA hai| yahA~ bahuta se purAne stUpoM ke avazeSa upalabdha hue haiN| vidizA vetravatI (betavA) ke kinAre para thI, aura yahA~ ke vastra bahuta acche hote the / vidizA kI pahacAna Adhunika bhilasA se kI jAtI hai / dazArNapura dazArNa kA dUsarA prasiddha nagara thA / jaina anuzruti ke anusAra isakA dUsarA nAma eDakAkSapura thA / bauddha granthoM meM ise erakaccha nAma se kahA gayA hai / yaha nagara vatthagA (betavA ) nadI ke kinAre thA, aura vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thaa| dazArNapura kI pahacAna jhA~sI jile ke eracha nAmaka sthAna se kI jA sakatI hai|

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha dazArNapura ke uttara-pUrva meM dazArNakUTa nAma kA parvata thA / isakA dUsarA nAma gajAgrapada athavA indrapada bhI thA / parvata cAroM tarafa gA~voM se ghirA thaa| jaina sUtroM ke anusAra yahA~ mahAvIra ne rAjA dazArNabhadra ko dIkSA dI thii| prAcArya mahAgiri ne yahA~ tapazcaraNa kiyA thA / Avazyaka cUrNi meM dazArNakuTa kA varNana AtA hai| dazArNa kA dUsarA nagara dazapura thA / jaina zramaNoM ne isa nagara ko apane vihAra se pavitra kiyA thA / prAcArya AryarakSita kI yaha janmabhUmi thii| dazapura meM jIvantasvAmI pratimA hone kA ullekha AtA hai / yahA~ sAtaveM nihnava kI sthApanA huI thii| dazapura kI pahacAna Adhunika maMdasaura se kI jAtI hai| vidizA ke pAsa kuMjarAvarta aura rathAvarta nAma ke parvata the; donoM pAsapAsa the| jaina paramparA ke anusAra kuMjarAvarta parvata para Arya vajrasvAmI ne nirvANa pAyA thA / isa parvata kA ullekha rAmAyaNa meM AtA hai| rathAvarta parvata para Arya vajrasvAmI pA~ca sau zramaNoM ke sAtha Aye the / isa parvata kA ullekha mahAbhArata meM AtA hai / bar3avAnI digambaroM kA tIrtha hai / digambara paraMparA ke anusAra yahA~ se dakSiNa kI ora cUlagiri zikhara se indrajIta, kuMbhakarNa Adi muni mokSa pdhaare| ise bAvanagajA bhI kahate haiM / yaha sthAna maU sTezana se lagabhaga 60 mIla kI dUrI para hai| makasI pArzvanAtha ujjaina se bAraha kosa hai / siddhavarakUTa revA nadI ke taTa para hai / yahA~ se sAr3he tIna karor3a muniyoM kA mokSa jAnA batAyA jAtA hai / yahA~ hara varSa melA bharatA hai / yaha sthAna bar3avAha (indaura) se chaha mIla kI dUrI para hai / yaha kSetra kAfI arvAcIna mAlUma hotA hai / indaura ke pAsa Una nAmaka sthAna ko pAvAgiri (dvitIya ) kahA jAtA ( 58 )

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paMjAba-sindha-kAThiyAvAr3a-gujarAta-rAjapUtAnA-mAlavA-bundelakhaNDa hai / kahate haiM yahA~ se suvarNabhadra Adi muni mokSa padhAre / yaha tIrtha bhI arvAcIna mAlUma hotA hai| bundelakhaNDa cedi janapada kI gaNanA jainoM ke Arya kSetroM meM kI gaI hai / prAcIna kAla meM yahA~ rAjA zizupAla rAjya karatA thA / cedi bauddha zramaNoM kA kendra thaa| bundelakhaNDa ke uttarI bhAga ko prAcIna cedi mAnA jAtA hai / zuktimatI cedi deza kI rAjadhAnI thii| zuktimatI kA ullekha mahAbhArata meM milatA hai / suttivaiyA nAmaka jaina zramaNoM kI zAkhA thii| bA~dA jile ke irdagirda ke pradeza ko zuktimatI mAnA jAtA hai / prArambha meM madhyapradeza meM jainadharma kA pracAra bahuta kama thA, lekina mAlUma hotA hai Age cala kara yahA~ bahuta se jaina tIrthoM kA nirmANa ho gayA / bundelakhaNDa ke droNagiri, nainAgiri aura sonAgiri ko siddhakSetra mAnA jAtA hai| bundelakhaNDa kI bijAvara riyAsata ke seMdapA gA~va ke samIpa kA parvata droNagiri mAnA jAtA hai| yahA~ se gurudatta Adi muniyoM kA mokSagamana batAyA hai / yahA~ caubIsa mandira haiM; vArSika melA bharatA hai / nainAgiri kSetra ko resindIgiri batalAyA jAtA hai| kahate haiM yahA~ se varadatta Adi muniyoM ne mokSa lAbha kiyA / yaha sthAna sAgara jile kI IzAna sImA ke pAsa pannA riyAsata meM hai / yahA~ vArSika melA lagatA hai| . sonAgiri meM do-cAra ko chor3a kara zeSa mandira sau savA-sau varSa ke bhItara ke jAna par3ate haiM / yaha sthAna gvAliyara ke pAsa datiyA se pA~ca mIla hai / kuMDalapura, khajarAhA, thovanajI, papaurA, devagar3ha, canderI, ahArajI Adi atizaya kSetra mAne jAte haiM / kuNDalapura damoha se bIsa mIla IzAna koNa meM hai / mukhya mandira mahAvIra kA hai, aura yahA~ mahAvIra jayantI kA melA bharatA hai| ( 56 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha kisI samaya khajarAhA bundelakhaNDa kI rAjadhAnI thI / zilAlekhoM meM isakA nAma khajjaravAhaka pAtA hai| huana-sA~ga ne isakA varNana kiyA hai / yaha nagara candelavaMza ke rAjAoM ke samaya caramonnati para thA / yahA~ karor3oM rupaye kI lAgata ke jaina mandira bane hue haiM, jo IsavI san 650 se lekara 1050 taka ke haiM / khajarAhA meM aneka khaNDita jaina mUrtiyA~ upalabdha huI haiN| yahA~ kA mandira-samUha isa kAla kI kalA kA sarvotkRSTa udAharaNa hai| devagar3ha jAkhalauna sTezana se lagabhaga ATha mIla kI dUrI para hai / yahA~ lAkhoM rupaye kI lAgata ke jaina mandira bane hae haiN| yahA~ guptakAla ke lekha maujUda haiN| yahA~ kI zilpakalA bahuta sundara hai / devagar3ha ko uttara bhArata kI jainabadrI kahA jAtA hai / canderI lalitapura se bIsa mIla dUra hai| yahA~ atyanta manojJa jaina mandira bane hue haiN| thovanajI caMderI se nau mIla ke fAsale para hai| papaurAjI kSetra TIkamagar3ha se tIna mIla hai / ahArajI meM sundara jaina mUrtiyA~ haiM / yaha sthAna TIkamagar3ha se pUrva kI ora bAraha mIla hai|

Page #68
dakSiNa barAra-haidarAbAda-mahArASTra-koMkaNa-Andhra-draviDa-karNATaka kurga Adi madhyadeza se jaise-jaise jaina zramaNoM ne dakSiNa kI ora vihAra kiyA, dakSiNa meM zanaiH-zanaiH jainadharma kA prasAra hotA gayA / jainoM ke sAr3he pacIsa Arya kSetroM meM dakSiNa ke dezoM ke nAma nahIM, isase mAlUma hotA hai ki prAraMbha meM dakSiNa meM jainadharma nahIM pahuMcA thA / lekina dhIre-dhIre rAjA samprati ne dakSiNApatha ko jItakara usake sAmaMta rAjAoM ko apane vaza meM kiyA, aura Age calakara Andhra, draviDa, kuDukka (kurga) Adi dezoM meM jainadharma phailaayaa| pariNAma yaha huA ki dakSiNa meM jaina upAsakoM kI saMkhyA bar3hane lagI, aura yahA~ jaina zramaNoM kA sanmAna hone lagA / Age calakara to dakSiNa meM kuDukka prAcArya aura golla AcArya jaise diggaja prAcAryoM kA tathA draviDa saMgha, punnATa saMgha Adi saMghoM kA janma huA, eka se eka sundara tIrthoM kI sthApanA huI, aura digambara jainoM kA yaha kendra bana gayA / 1: barAra vidarbha kA ullekha mahAbhArata meM AtA hai / yahA~ gajA nala rAjya karatA thaa| yaha deza Ajakala dakSiNa kozala, goMDavAnA yA barAra ke nAma se pukArA jAtA hai| kuNDinanagara vidarbha kA mukhya nagara thaa| isakA ullekha bRhadAraNyaka upaniSad aura mahAbhArata meM AtA hai /

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha yaha sthAna Ajakala amarAvatI ke cAMdUra tAllukA meM hai / yahA~ jaina mandira hai| acalapura (elicapura ) vidarbha deza kA dUsarA mukhya nagara thA / isake pAsa kRSNA ( kanhana ) aura benyA (bena) nadiyA~ bahatI thiiN| ina nadiyoM ke bIca brahmadIpa nAma kA dvIpa thA / yahA~ bahuta se tapasvI rahate the| brahmadIpikA nAma kI jaina zramaNoM kI zAkhA kA ullekha kalpasUtra meM milatA hai, isase mAlUma hotA hai ki yaha sthAna jainadharma kA kendra rahA hogaa| acalapura kA ullekha prAcArya hemacandra ne apane prAkRta vyAkaraNa meM kiyA hai / muktAgiri nirvANakSetra mAnA jAtA hai| 18vIM sadI ke yAtriyoM ne ise zatruJjaya ke tulya tIrtha batAte hue yahA~ caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM ke uttuGga prAsAdoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| yaha sthAna elicapura se bAraha mIla dUra hai| yahA~ ke adhikAMza mandira 16vIM sadI ke bane hue haiN| antarIkSa pArzvanAtha kI kathA upadezasaptatikA meM AtI hai| yahA~ zrIpAla kA kuSTha dUra huA thaa| yaha sthAna prAkolA se lagabhaga unnIsa kosa dUra zirapura grAma ke pAsa hai / bhAtakulI atizaya kSetra mAnA jAtA hai / yaha sthAna amarAvatI se dasa mIla ke fAsale para hai / pArzvanAtha kI yahA~ mUrti hai / 2: haidarAbAda tagarA zrAbhIra deza kI sundara nagarI thii| AbhIra deza jaina zramaNoM kA kendra thA / yahA~ Arya samita aura vajrasvAmI ne vihAra kiyA thA / tagarA meM rAr3hAcArya kA Agamana huA thaa| karakaNDuacariya meM isa nagara kA itihAsa diyA huA hai| tagarA kI pahacAna usamAnAbAda jile ke terA nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai| ( 62 )

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barAra-haidarAbAda-mahArASTrakoMkaNa-bhAndhra-draviDa-karNATaka-kurga Adi tagarA se ATha mIla para dhArAziva hai / ArAdhanA kathAkoSa meM tera nagara aura dhArAziva kA varNana AtA hai / yahA~ bahuta sI gufAe~ haiM, jinheM rAjA karakaNDU ne banavAyA thaa| aAjakala isa sthAna ko usamAnAbAda kahate haiM / kulyAka kI gaNanA prAcIna tIrthoM meM kI jAtI hai| yaha kSetra AdinAtha kA prAcIna tIrtha mAnA jAtA hai / upadezasaptatikA meM kulyAka kI kathA AtI hai| yahA~ AdinAtha kI pratimA mANikyadeva ke nAma se prakhyAta hai| ___ yaha tIrtha niz2Ama sTeTa meM sikandarAbAda ke pAsa hai| ajantA aura elorA nAma kI prAcIna gufAe~ bhI isI riyAsata meM haiM / ajaMtA kI gufAoM meM bauddha jAtakoM ke aneka dRzya aMkita haiN| ye gufAe~ IsA ke pUrva dUsarI zatAbdi se lekara IsavI san kI chaThI zatAbdi taka kI mAnI jAtI haiM / elorA kA prAcIna nAma ilApura hai| yahA~ eka samUcI pahAr3I kATakara mandiroM meM parivartita kara dI gaI hai, jinameM cUne - masAle va kIlakA~ToM kA nAma nhiiN| yaha sthAna kisI z2amAne meM mAnyakheTa ke rASTrakUTa rAjAoM kI rAjadhAnI thA / yahA~ brAhmaNa, bauddha aura jainoM ke mandira bane hue haiM, jinakA samaya 8vIM zatAbdi hai| Ukhalada atizaya kSetra mAnA jAtA hai / yahA~ neminAtha kA mandira hai; prativarSa mAgha kA melA lagatA hai / yaha sthAna niz2Ama sTeTa relave ke mIrakhela sTezana se tIna-cAra mIla hai| ASTe haidarAbAda riyAsata meM dudhanI sTezana ke pAsa hai / yahA~ jaina caityAlaya banA huA hai| kuMthalagiri kI gaNanA siddhakSetroM meM kI jAtI hai / yahA~ se kulabhUSaNa aura dezabhUSaNa muniyoM kA mokSagamana batAyA jAtA hai / yaha sthAna bArsI TAuna relave sTezana se lagabhaga bIsa mIla hai / dahIgA~va mahAvIra kA atizaya kSetra mAnA jAtA hai| yaha sthAna zolA ( 63 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha pura jile meM dikamAla sTezana se lagabhaga bAIma mIla hai / stavanidhi kolhApura riyAsata meM, kolhApura zahara se lagabhaga tIsa mIla hai / zrIkSetrakumbhona kolhApura riyAmata meM hAtakalaMgaNA sTezana se lagabhaga cAra mIla hai / gA~va meM eka mandira hai / 3: mahArASTra mahArASTra ke aneka rIti-rivAjoM kA ullekha jaina chedasUtroM kI TIkATippaNiyoM meM milatA hai / rAjA samprati ne isa deza meM jainadharma kA pracAra kiyA thA / lekina Age calakara mAlUma hotA hai ki yaha pradeza jainadharma kA khAmA kendra bana gayA thaa| pratiSThAna yA potanapura mahArASTra kI rAjadhAnI thii| bauddha granthoM meM potana yA potali ko azmaka deza kI rAjadhAnI kahA hai| pratiSThAna mahArASTra kA bhUSaNa mAnA jAtA thaa| yaha nagara vidyA kA kendra thaa| yahA~ zramaNa - pUjA nAma kA bar3A bhArI utsava manAyA jAtA thA / jaina granthoM se patA lagatA hai ki yahA~ pAdalita sUri ne paihAna ke rAjA kI zirovedanA dUra kI thii| kAlakAcArya ne yahA~ vihAra kiyA thA ! kahate haiM ki eka bAra kAlakAcArya ujjayinI se yahA~ padhAre aura mAtavAhana (zAlivAhana) ke Agraha para indra mahotsava ke kAraNa payUSaNa parva kI tithi badala kara paMcamI se caturthI kara dii| jaina granthoM meM pratiSThAna ko bhadrabAhu (dvitIya) aura varAhamihira kA janma sthAna mAnA gayA hai / jinaprabha sUri ke samaya yahA~ ar3asaTha laukika tIrtha the / pratiSThAna vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thaa| isakI pahacAna auraGgAbAda jile ke paiThana nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai / 4: koMkaNa koMkaNa deza meM jaina zramaNoM ne vihAra kiyA thaa| yaha deza parazurAma kSetra ke nAma se bhI pukArA jAtA thA / atyadhika varSA hone ke kAraNa jaina ( 64 )

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barAra-haidarAbAda-mahArASTra-koMkaNa-Andhra-draviDa-karNATaka-kurga zrAdi sAdhu yahA~ chatarI lagA sakate the| yahA~ ke loga phala-phUla ke bahuta zaukIna hote the / yahA~ giriyajJa nAma kA utsava manAyA jAtA thA / koMkaNa kI aTavI kA ullekha jaina granthoM meM AtA hai / macchara yahA~ bahuta hote the / yahA~ yUnAna ke vyApArI vyApAra ke lie Ate the| pazcimI ghATa aura samudra ke bIca ke hisse ko koMkaNa kahA jAtA hai / koMkaNa kI rAjadhAnI zUrpAraka thii| isa nagara kA ullekha mahAbhArata meM milatA hai / paMca pANDava prabhAsa jAte hue yahA~ Thahare the| prAcArya vajrasena, Arya samudra aura Arya maMgu ne yahA~ vihAra kiyA thA / yahA~ bahuta se vyApArI rahate the aura bhRgukaccha tathA suvarNabhUmi taka vyApAra ke lie jAte the| zUrpAraka kI pahacAna bambaI ilAke ke ThANA jile meM sopArA sthAna se kI jAtI hai| Ajakala yahA~ bar3I hATa lagatI hai| nAsikyapura (nAsika ) koMkaNa kA dUsarA prasiddha nagara thA / yaha sthAna godAvarI ke kinAre hai aura brAhmaNoM kA parama dhAma mAnA jAtA hai| yahIM para daNDakAraNya thA, jahA~ rAmacandra jI kara rahe the| jaina granthoM meM isakA dUsarA nAma kuMbhakArakRta batAyA gayA hai| isa nagara ke nAza hone kI kathA rAmAyaNa, jAtaka tathA nizIthacUrNi meM AtI hai| tugiya parvata para rAma balabhadra ke mokSa hone kA ullekha prAcIna jaina granthoM meM AtA hai| digambara paramparA ke anusAra yahA~ se rAma, hanumAna, sugrIva Adi ninyAnave koTi muni mokSa padhAre / yaha kSetra manamAr3a sTezana se sATha mIla dUra hai| Ajakala ise mA~gItuMgI kahate haiN| nAsika se pA~ca-chaha mIla ke fAsale para gajapaMthA nAmaka tIrtha hai / yahA~ se sAta balabhadra aura yAdava Adi muniyoM kA mokSa honA batAyA jAtA hai, lekina yaha kSetra kAfI arvAcIna jAna par3atA hai / 5: prAndhra Andhra deza meM rAjA samprati ne jaina dharma kA pracAra kiyA thA / bauddha ( 65 )

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha jAtakoM meM grAndhra kI rAjadhAnI kA nAma andhapura batAyA gayA hai| andhapura nagara kA ullekha jaina granthoM meM AtA hai / yaha nagara telavAha nadI para thA / mahArASTra ke pUrva-dakSiNa telugu bhASA kA samUcA kSetra Andhra yA telaMgaNa deza kahA jAtA hai| vanavAsI nagarI kA ullekha brAhmaNoM kI harivaMza purANa meM AtA hai / jaina granthoM ke anusAra yahA~ sasaya aura bhasaya nAmaka rAjakumAroM ne apanI bahana sukumAliyA ke sAtha jaina dIkSA lI thii| chaThI zatAbdi taka yaha nagara kadaMvoM kI rAjadhAnI rahI / grAjakala yaha sthAna uttara kanAr3A meM miramI tAllukA meM varadA nadI ke vA~ye kinAre imI nAma se maujUda hai / yahA~ prAcIna abhilekha mile haiM / 6 : golla golla deza ke aneka rIti-rivAjoM kA ullegva jaina cUrNi granthoM meM milatA hai / jaina anuzruti ke anusAra candragupta kA maMtrI cANakya yahIM kA rahane vAlA thaa| gollAcArya kA ullekha zravaNabelagolA ke zilAlekhoM meM pAtA hai| ___ isa deza kI pahacAna gunTUra z2ile kI gallaru nAmaka nadI para goli sthAna se kI jA sakatI hai / yahA~ bahuta se zilAlekha upalabdha hue haiM, isase bhI isa sthAna kI prAcInatA prakaTa hotI hai| 7: dravir3a dravir3a ( damila ) tamila kA saMskRta rUpa hai / dravir3a meM pahale cola, cera aura pANDya deza garbhita the / huana-sA~ga ke samaya dravir3a ke uttara meM koMkaNa aura dhanakaTaka tathA dakSiNa meM mAsakUTa thaa| jaina granthoM se patA lagatA hai ki prAraMbha meM yahA~ jaina sAdhuyoM ko vasati ( upAzraya ) Adi kA kaSTa hotA thA / kAMcIpura dravir3a kI rAjadhAnI thI / bRhatkalpabhASya se patA lagatA hai ki yahA~ nelaka nAma kA sikkA calatA thA / yahA~ ke do nelaka kusumapura (paTanA)

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barAra-haidarAbAda-mahArASTra-koMkaNa-Andhra-draviDa-karNATaka-kurga prAdi ke eka nelaka ke barAbara hote the / huana-sA~ga ke samaya yaha nagara bauddhoM kA kendra thA / svAmI samaMtabhadra kI yaha janmabhUmi thii| pAThavIM zatAbdi meM jainoM kA yahA~ bahuta prabhAva thA / kA~cIpura cola kI rAjadhAnI rhii| kAMcIpura kI pahacAna madrAsa sUbe ke kAMjIvara nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai| 8: karNATaka - karNATaka kA purAnA nAma kuntala hai| mahArASTra ke dakSiNa meM kanAr3I bhASA kA kSetra karNATaka kahA jAtA hai / isameM kurga, maisUra Adi pradeza sammilita the| jaina granthoM meM kuDukka deza kA aneka jagaha ullekha aAtA hai| rAjA samprati ke samaya se isa deza meM jaina dharma kA pracAra huA / vyavahArabhASya meM kuDukka prAcArya kA ullekha pAtA hai| kuDuka kI pahacAna aAdhunika kurga se kI jA sakatI hai / isa pradeza ko koDagU bhI kahate haiN| ___ karNATaka meM zravaNabelagola digambara jainoM kA prasiddha tIrtha hai| ise jainabadrI, jaina kAzI athavA gommaTa tIrtha bhI kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ bAhubali svAmI kI sattAvana fITa U~cI manojJa mUrti hai, jo dasa-bAraha mIla se dikhAI dene lagatI hai / jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra bhadrabAhu svAmI aura unake ziSya samrATa candragupta muni ne yahA~ Akara tapa kiyA thaa| yahA~ lagabhaga pA~ca sau zilAlekha maujUda haiM / vindhyagiri aura candragiri nAmaka yahA~ do parvata haiM / isa tIrtha kI sthApanA rAjamalla nareza ke rAjamaMtrI senApati cAmuNDarAya ne IsavI san 683 ke lagabhaga kI thii| mUDavidrI hoyasala kAla meM jainiyoM kA mukhya kendra thaa| yahA~ aneka maMdira aura sundara sthAna haiM / yahA~ para puruSa-pramANa bahumUlya pratimAe~ haiN| prAcIna granthoM ke yahA~ bhaMDAra haiN| kArakala mUDabidrI se dasa mIla hai / yahA~ bAhubali kI vizAla pratimA aura

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bhArata ke prAcIna jaina tIrtha sundara mAna-staMbha hai / isa mUrti ko san 1432 meM kArakala nareza vIra pAMDya ne nirmANa karAyA thaa| veNUra jainoM kA kendra thA / kabhI yahA~ ajalira vaMza ke jaina rAjAoM kA rAjya thaa| unameM se vIra nimmarAja ne san 1604 meM bAhubali svAmI kI vizAla pratimA bamavAI thii| yaha sthAna mUDabidrI se bAraha mIla aura kArakala se caubIsa mIla hai / mathurA yA dakSiNa mathurA kA ullekha prAcIna jaina sUtroM meM AtA hai / ise pAMDu mathurA bhI kahate the| kRSNa ke kahane se yahA~ paMca pAMDava Akara rahe the / yaha sthAna vyApAra kA bar3A kendra thA / purAne z2amAne meM yahA~ ke paMDita prasiddha hote the| mathurA kI pahacAna madrAsa sUbe ke uttara meM madurA nAmaka sthAna se kI jAtI hai| ( 68 )

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zabdAnukramaNikA 63 -pAvApurI akabara 3, 38, 44, 54 -majjhimapAvA akaMpita 27 abhayakumAra akSayavaTa 38 abhayadeva acala 38 amarAvatI acalapura ayodhyA 33, 35, 38, 47 -elicapura -sAketa 14, 38, 39, 48 acalezvara 54 ariSTanemi 50 acirAvatI-rAptI 39 -neminAtha 44, 54, 63 abhijayaMta 17 arbuda 26, 54 acela 2, 7 -AbU accha 16, 19, 45 alavara -acchA alasaNDa (elekjeNDriyA) 4, 24 ajantA -Alasanda ajalira 67 avanti 15, 19, 56, 57 ajAtazatru 20, 21, 22, avAha -kUNika 25, 27, 35 azoka 15, 19, 22, 29, 37, 42 ajjaisipAliyA 43, 48, 53, 56 ajjakuberI 17 azvasena ajjajayantI azvAvabodha ajjatAvasI 17 aSTApada (kailAsa) 3, 26, ajjanAilI 17 asi ajjavairI 17 assaka ajjaveDaya 17 ahAra jI ajjaseNiyA 17 ahicchatrA 4, 5, 16, 25, 42, 43 aTThiyagAma 6, 8, 29 -ahikSetra aNNikAputta 38 aMga 14, 16, 19, 24, 30 anAthapiNDaka 40 -aMga-magadha apApA 3, 8, 12, 13, 16, 23, 27, aMguttaranikAya -pApA 35, 41 aMtaraJjiyA 17, 18, 43 -pAvA (do pAvA) ~~~aMtarijhyA * * * *

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.37 trA aMtarIkSa pAzrvanAtha 62 AlabhiyA 10, 12, 37 aMdhapura 65 --AlavI aMbaThikA 22 Alasanda (dekho alasaNDa) aMbApAlI 28 Avazyaka cUNi 6, 40 50, 54, 58 aMbavana AvattA grAma aMsuvarmA AsAma ASTe Aine akabarI 43, 54 Akara AkolA 62 ikSvAku bhUmi AcArAMga sUtra 2, 5 --ayodhyA AcAya dharasena 50 indapuraga AdinAtha 38, 47, 54, 63 indrapura ~RSabhadeva indaura Anarta 49 indrajIta mAnartapura indrapada -Anandapura -gajAgrapada giri-dazArNakUTa Ananda 29 indraprastha Anandarakkhiya -dillI Andhra 15, 49, 65 indrabhUti 2, 6, 7, 22 23 AbU (dekho arbuda) -gautama svAmI AbhIra 62 indramahotsava AmalakappA 29 indramAlA yAyAgapaTa ilApura Arabaka 24 --elorA ArAdhanA kathAkoSa 63 ilAhAbAda Arya ASAr3ha 56 -prayAga Arya mahAgiri 2, 22, 27, isigutti 37, 57, 58 isidattiya Arya maMgu 45, 65 isipattana bArya rakSita 2, 45, 56 -sAranAtha bArya skanda bArya suhasti 2, 15, 22, 37, 57 IrAna 49, 56

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. 40 umAsvAti uccAnagara 45, 46 ullagacchA -bulandazahara usamAnAbAda 62, 63 -vArana uccAnAgarI 17, 18, 45 Ukhalada ujjayinI 4, 34, 37, 48, Una 4, 58 -ujjanI 52, 54, 56, 58, 64 Urjayanta 3, 26, 29, ujjaina -giranAra 42, 50, 55 uDuvADiya utkala RjuvAlikA -ur3IsA or3a RSamadeva ( dekho AdinAtha) uttara kanAr3A 66 RSabhapura-rAjagRha uttaradvAra RSitaDAga uttarapradeza 7, 13,14, 15, 35, 42 RSipAla uttara balissaha uttarAdhyayana . 2, 6 eTA uttarApatha 1, 34, 44, 47 eDakAkSapura utpala 6 -erakaccha udaka peDhAlaputta 6 -eraccha udaya 20 elicapura (dekho acalapura) udayagiri 30, 31 elorA (dekho ilApura) udayana 37 o udayana (maharSi) 48 or3a (dekho utkala) udayapura au udAyi 21, 22 audumbara udumbara 18 aupapAtika sUtra udaMbarijjiyA 27 auraMgAbAda uddaNDapura 23 -daNDapura kakutthA uddehagaNa kaccha unnATa 11, 33 kaTapUtanA sapadezasaptatikA 53, 55, 62, 63 kaNhasaha upamiti mavaprapaMcakathA 54 kadalIgrAma ___24, 25

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kadaMba 66 kArakala 3, 67 kanakakhala 9 kAlaka AcArya 4, 34, 49, 56, 64 kanAr3I 67 kAlAya saMniveza kaniSka 2 kAlIdAsa kannauja 43 kAliyaputra kanhana 62 kAlI kapilavastu 21, 36, 41 kAli (nadI) kamboja 19 kAzagara kayaMgalA 9, 27 kAzI 16, 19, 20, 35, -kaMkajola kAzI-kosala karakaNDU 63 kAsava karakaNDUcariya 62 kAsavajjiyA karNATaka 67 kAMcanapura kaliMga 16. 30 kAMcIpura kaliMganagara-bhuvanezvara 30 -kAMjIvara kalaMbuka 10 kAMpilyapura __5, 16, 20, 42 kalpasUtra 16, 23, 27, 45 52 -kapila 55, 62 kirAta ___4, 24, 32, 39 kasayA 41 -cilAta kaMkAlI TIlA 2, 44 kiSkidhApura kaMpila 42 -khukhuMdo kaMpilanagara 42 kakaTa kSatri kuNDagrAma 8, 28 -magadha kSitipratiSThita-rAjagRha kukkuTArAma kAkaMdI kuDukka 49, 61, 67 kAkaMdiyA kAThiyAvAr3a dikho saurASTra) 49 kuDukka (AcArya) 61, 67 kAdambarI 49 kuNAla 15, 48, kAnyakubja (dekho kannauja) kuNAla nagara kAbula 52 -ujjanI kAmarUpa 31 kuNAla nagarI -AsAma -zrAvasti / kAmiDDima 17 kuNAlA 14, 16, 39 -kurga

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kRSNa '-uttara kozala -paTanA kuNDalameNTha 52 kuMjarAvataM kuNDagrAma 8, 28, 29 kuMthalagiri -kuNDapura kuMbhakarNa basukuNDa kuMbhakArakRta kuNDalapura -daNDakAraNya kuNDAga 11 kuMbhAraprakSepa kuNDina nagara 61 -vItibhaya paTTana kuntala 67 kaviya saMniveza kumArapAla 49, 50, 52 kUNika (dekho ajAtazatru) kumAra zramaNa (kejI) 6 kumArAya saMnivesa 6, 9 kRSNa (dekho kanhana) kumArI parvata-udayagiri 30 kekaya kummAra gAma 8 kekayI ardha kumma gAma kedAra kuru 16, 19, 35, 46, 47 kevaTTa dvAra 42, 46 kevala jJAna 12, 38, 40, 41 kurukSetra 48 kezIkumAra 2,6,7,40 kulabhUSaNa 63 kesarIyA jI kuluhA 26 koccha kulpAka koTivarSa 16,18,32,39 kuza 53 koDagU (dekhiye kuDukka) kuzasthala 43 koDibarisiyA 17, 32 -kAnyakubja koDiya gaNa kuzasthalI koDaMbANI -dvArakA kopArI kuzAgrapura-rAjagRha komaliyA kuzAtaM (do kuzAta) 43, 44, 49 komillA 18, 34 kuzAvarta 16 kolI kuzInArA 21, 35, 36, 41 kollAka saMniveza -kusAvatI. kollAga saMniveza --kasayA kolhApura kusumapura 21, 66 kolhuA kuru jAMgala raam mm" 29

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3, 59 kozala 16, 19, 28, 35, 38 gaMgA 9, 36, 37, 42 kozalA 39 gaMDakI 11, 28, 29 kozA 22 -gaMDaka kosaMbiyA 17 gaMdhAra koMkaNa 64, 66 gAdhipura kauzalika -kAnyakubja -RSabhadeva gAmAya saMniveza kauzAMbI 4, 5, 12, 14, 16, gAMgeya -kosama 18, 20, 35, 37, 38 gvAliyara giranAra (dekho Urjayanta) khajjUravAhaka 59 giriyajJa -khajarAhA girivraja kharvaTa --rAjagRha khabbaDa 33 gujarAta -dAsI khabbaDa guNasila khaNDagiri 30, 31 -guNAvA khAravela 30 guNTUra khukhuMdo (dekho kiSkighApura) gurudatta khomalijjiyA 17, 34 godAsa gaNa -koliyA godAvarI khaMbhAta 53 gobbara gAma gobhUmi 11, 33 gajapaMthA 4, 65 -gomoha gajapura 16 gommaTa -hastinApura goyamajjiyA gajAgrapada giri gorakhapura 26, 41 -dazArNakUTa-indradIpa goli gaNataMtra 28 golla gaNarAjA 13 golla (AcArya) gayA 26 gozAla (maMkhaliputra) 6, 9, 10, 11, yavedhuyA 22, 23, 37, 4. gargarA 25 goMDavAnA gardabhilla 4, 56 goMDA 39

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gaur3a 31, 32 cAraNa ? (vAraNa) gautamasvAmI cAMdUra (dekho indrabhUti) cAMpAnera gha cittaur3a ghagghara 39, 48 cintAmaNi pAzvanAtha -ghAgharA cIna 19, 22, 32 ghositArAma 37 cUlagiri zikhara ceTaka caTagA~va 34 ceti caNakapura 20 cedi -rAjagRha cera caNDapradyota 37, 56 celanA -pradyota corAya saMniveza caNDarudra 56 cola caturvidha saMgha 5 caurAsI candanabAlA 12 candragiri 55 chatra candragupta 15, 56, 66, 67 chedasUtra candragufA 50 choTA nAgapura candrapurI -candrAvatI-candramAdhava-candrAnana jagai candraprabha (candraprabhA azuddha hai) 36 -mithilA candraprabhAsa 50 janaka --devapATana-devapaTTana janakapura-mithilA caMdanAgarI 17 janakapurI-mithilA caMderI 59 janapada caMparamaNijja janapada-vihAra caMpA 3, 9, 12, 16, 18, 20, janapada-parIkSA 21, 24, 25 jamunA 38, 43, 44, 46 caMpijjiyA 17 -yamunA cANakya 66 jambUdvIpa (bhAratavarSa) cAturyAma 5, 6, 7 jambUsaMDa cAmuNDarAya 67 jambUsvAmI 36

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23 jayantI jayapura 54 takSazilA 4, 21, 36, 47, 48 jarAsaMdha 20, 44, 49 tagarA jalamandira -tera jasabhadda 17 tapodA jasavaMtapura 54 -tapovana jaMbhiyagAma 12, 23 -mahAtapopatIraprabha jJAtAdharmakathA 1, 7 tamila jJAtRkhaNDa 8, 29 -damila-dravir3a jAkhalauna 60 tambAya jAtaka 30,35,40,46,47,52,63,65 tAmralipti 16, 18, 32 jApAna 22 -tAmaluka jAvA 19, 32 tAmalittiyA jAGgala 16 tAraMgAgirI 52, 53 jinakalpa 2, 6 tibbata jinaprabhasUri 22, 23, 27 36, tirahuta 39, 40, 42 54 tIrthamAlA jIvaka 47 tuMgika jIvantasvAmI pratimA 30, 38, 56 tuGgiya saniveza jUnAgar3ha 50 tuGgiya nagarI 6, 23, 65 jetavana 40 tuGgiya gAma 23 jaina kAzI 67 tejapAla 50, 53, 54 jainabadrI 3, 67 tera (dekho tagarA) jaina tIrtho no itihAsa 23 telavAha joNaga 4 telaMgaNa -yavana telugu 65 jodhapura tosali(totali azuddha chapA hai) 12,31 -dhauli jhUsI 38 toli (AcArya) sA ApApA 31 tripiTaka TIkamagar3ha 60 trizalA 8, 27, 28 54 ThANA * 65 48 thUNA (do thUNA)

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thUNAka saMniveza 9 ditipayAga thovana jI 60 -prayAga dillI (dekho indraprastha) dakSiNa dvAra 40 divyAvadAna dakSiNa mathurA 68 dIghanikAya -madurA dInAjapura dakSiNApatha 1, 56, 61 dvIpAyana daDhabhUmi 12, 32 duijjanta -dhAlabhUma dudhanI daNDakAraNya ( dekho kumbhakArakRta ) devagar3ha daNDapura (dekho uddaNDapura) devapaTTana (dekho candraprabhAsa) datiyA 59 devadhigaNi kSamAzramaNa dadhivAhana 12, 24 devavArANasI dantakhAta 36 devasUri dantapura 30 dezabhUSaNa damuNDA eNDa deara kanTrI 33 droNagiri dazapura 58 draupadI mandasaura -pAMcAlI dazavaikAlika 20, 24 dazArNa 16, 57 dhanakaTaka dazArNakaTa 58 dhanapAla --gajAgrapadagiri-indradIpa dhanAzA dazArNapura 57, 58 dhanyakaTaka dazArNabhadra 58 dharaNendra dahIgA~va 63 dharmacakra damma 54 dharmacakrabhamikA dravir3a 15, 49, 61, 66 dharmanAtha dAsI khabbaDiyA (dakho khabbaDa) dharmasAgara upAdhyAya dAsI khabbaDa 17 dhArAziva dvAravatI 4, 16, 4, 49, 50 dhAlabhUma (dekho daDhabhUmi) -dvArikA dhulevAjI dikasAla 64 dhauli (dekho tosali) digambara 2, 34, 58 dhruvasena

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( 10) pa . nagarI 55 paTanA (dekho pATaliputra) -madhyamikA paTavArI nandanavana 50 par3araunA nandigrAma 12 paNhavAhaNaya nandijja 17 pattakAlaya nandipura 16 padmaprabha narmadA 57 pannA nala 61 papaurA jI navAdA 21 payAga patiTThAna naMgalA grAma 9 -prayAga nAgapura-hastinApura 46 parazurAma kSetra nAgabhUya 17 parIkSita nAgarAja 42 paryuSaNa nAgahrada 42 pasenadi nAthanagara 25 paMjAba nAlandA 9, 22, 23, pRSThacampA 51 pratiSThAna (do pratiSThAna) 21, 38, nAlandIya 22 pratyagraratha nAsikyapura 65 -ahicchatrA nAsika pradezI nijAma sTeTa 63 pradyota (dekho caNDapradyota) 56 prabandhakoza nimmarAja 67 prabhAvakacarita nirayAvali 7 prabhAsa (gaNaghara) nizItha sUtra 14, 20 prabhAsa 36, 50, 54, 65 nizItha cUrNi 4, 56 -candraprabhAsa nIla parvata 1 prayAga 33, 35, 38 neminAtha (dekho ariSTanemi) --ilAhAbAda nelaka 66 pravacanaparIkSA nainAgiri 59 pAkistAna nepAla 22, 29, 41 pAkhaMDigarbha nyAyavijaya 23 --mathurA / nimAra 45

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kuR 17 81 pATana 52 pAMDuvardhana pATaliputra 21, 22, 29 pAMDya -paTanA 66 prAkRta vyAkaraNa pATaliputra vAcanA 22 prAcIna vaMza pADha 19 pIidhammi pANinI 47 punnakalasa pAtAla liMga 27 puNDarIka-zatruJjaya pAdalipta 64 puNDavaddhaNiyA 17, pAdukA 3 puNDa pArasa puNDavardhana (do puNDva rdhana) -IrAna puNNapattiyA parihAsaya 17 punnATa saMgha pArasanAtha hila (dekho sammedazikhara) purImatAla (do purImatAla) 4,11,33 pAlaya 12 purI 4, 30 pAlitAnA 51 -jagannAtha purI pAvakagar3ha 53 puSkara pAvA (dekho apApA) puSkarAvatI pAvarika puSkaraMDinI pArzvanAtha 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 29, -ujjanI 30, 36, 40, 41 puSpacUlA 42, 51, 55, 62 puSpadanta pApitya 5, 9 puSpapura pAvAgiri 53 puSpabhadra pAvAgiri (dvitIya) 58 pUrNabhadra pA~ca mahAvrata 6, 7 pUrvAdvAra pAMcAla 16, 19, 42, 43 pUsamittijjA -kahelakhaMDa peDhAla pAMcAlI (dekho draupadI) paiThana pAMDava 46, 48, 50, 51, -pratiSThAna 53, 65, 68 potanapura pAMDavacarita 51 -pratiSThAna pAMDu mathurA potali -madurA polAsa

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( 12 ) bajji baniyA baMgAla 13, 15 31 farUkhAbAda 42 baMbhadIviyA phalodhI 55 baMbhalijja fAhiyAna 22, 31, 41, 43 baMbaI phaijAbAda 39 baMsa-vatsa brahmadvIpa baccha-vatsa 19 brahmadvipikA 19 brahmasthalahastinApura baTesara bAnagar3ha bar3anagara 52 bArsI TAuna bar3avAnI 58 bAlAsara bar3avAha 58 bAli bar3AgA~va 23 bAluyA gAma bar3audA 53 bAvanagajA banArasa 35, 36, 37, 45 bAvana gajI -vArANasI bAhubali bA~dA -vANiyagAma brAhmaNagrAma baramA 22, 34, 40 brAhmaNakuNDagrAma ----suvarNabhami vindusAra barAra bimbisAra barelI 43 -zreNika barbara 24 bihAra 7, 13, 14, 19 bardavAna 34 bihAra zarIfa 21, 23 10, 11, 65 buddha 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, balarAmapura 40 35, 37, 39, 40, 41, 45,46 balissaha gaNa 17 buddhagayA basAr3ha--vaizAlI 28 bulandazahara (dekho uccAnagara) basukuNDa (dekho kuNDapura) 2 bundelakhaNDa bahalI 47 bRhatkathAkoza bahusAlaga 11 bRhatkalpa sUtra baMga 16, 19, 31 bRhatkalpa bhASya 2, 14, 44, 54 ---baMgAla bRhadAraNyaka baladeva

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bogarA 45 17 betavA 57 bhUtabali 50 benImAdhava (DaoNkTara) 31 bhRgukaccha 52, 65 benyA 62 -bhRgupura -bena / -bhar3auca belavana 27 bherA 34 bhelupura bodhivRkSa __3 bhogapura bhaMgi 16, 26, bhagavatI sUtra 6, 19 bhaMDIra bhar3auca (dekho bhRgukaccha) bhadiyA 26 maipattiyA bhadainI 36 maU bhaddajasiya 17 makasI pArzvanAtha bhaddaguttiya 17 magadha 10, 16, 19 bhaddijjiyA 21, 24, 27, 35, 47 bhaddiya 10, 26 magadhapura-rAjagRha 20 bhadrakagupta maccha-matsya 16, 19, 53 bhadrabAhu 22, 29, 56 majjhamiyA bhadrabAhu (dvitIya) 64 -madhyamikA bhadravatI 49 -madhyamikA bhadrAcArya __ majjhimillA bhadrilapura-bhadiyA -majjhimA bharata 47 majjhima pAvA (dekho pAvApurI) bhAgalapura 25 maNikarNikA 36 bhAgIrathI 42 maNibhadra 2, 33 bhAtakulI '62 mathurA 2, 3, 7, 16, 18 bhAvanagara -:51 -maholi 20, 35, 44, 45, bhilasA .57 49, 52 bhillamAla 54 madana vArANasI bhinamAla madurA-mahurA . -~-zrImAla maddaNA bhuvanezvara 30 madrAsa 66, 68 bhUtataDAga - 52 madhumatI

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43 malla mANava -mahuA mahodaya madhyadeza 28, 35, 61 -kAnyakubja , madhyapradeza 56, 59 maholi (dekho sathurA) manamADa 65 maMkhaliputra (dekho gozAla) marubhUmi 52 maMga (dekho Arya maMgu) malaya 12, 16, 19, 26 maMDana mizra maladhAri 17 maMDikuccha malla 19 maMdasaura (dekho dazapura) 13, 41, 48 maMdAra malla parvata 26 -maMdira -sammedazikhara -maMdAragiri mavAnA 46 mAkaMdI mahAkAlezvara 57 mAgadhI mahAgiri (dekho Arya mahAgiri) mAgha hamAtapopatIraprabha (dekho tapodA) mahAbhArata 20, 23, 24, 30, 31, mANikyadeva 32, 33, 37, 38, 42, mAdhyamikA (dekho majjhamiyA) 44, 48, 50, 53, 56, mAnabhUmi 57, 58, 59, 61, 65 mAnyakheTa mahArASTra 2, 15, 49, 64 mAravAr3a mahAvagga 22 mAlakUTa mahAvastu 30 mAlavaya mahAvora 6, 9, 10, 11, 12 mAlavA 13, 21, 22, 23, 24, mAlijja 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, mAlinI 31, 32, 33, 35, 37, -campA 39, 40, 41, 57 mAsapurI mahAsena 23 mAsapuriyA mahAsthAna mahiSmatI-mahezvarapura mahuA (dekho madhumati) mAMgItuGgI 4. mithilA 3, 12, 16, 18, 20, -zrAvasti 25, 27, 28 mahezvarapura 57 midanApura Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat maheThi 3.3 www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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( 15 ) mIrakhela muktAgiri muggaragiri-muMgera mujaphpharagar3ha mujaphpharapura municandra munisuvratanAtha mUDabidrI mRgAramAtA mRgAvatI mRtagaMgAtIra mRttikAvatI megasthanIz2a meghakumAra meghadUta mer3atAroDa metArya medArya gotra meraTha mevAr3a mehakalijjiyA mehiya mahila meMDhiyagAma maithiliyA maisUra moggarapANi moDha moDheragA morAga saniveza moli mosali mhesANA 62 yakSAyatana 26 yamunA (dekho jamunA) 49 yavana dvIpa 28 yazastilaka 6, 9 yAdava 4, 49, 52 yUnAna 3, 67 yojana=5 mIla 40 37 rajjapAliyA rajjugasabhA 16, 57 ratanazA 22 ratna 20 ratnapurI 57 -ratnavAha 55 -roinAI 38 rathayAtrA 6 rathAvarta 46 raviSaNa 55 rAjagRha 5, 9, 11, 12 16 17 -rAjagira 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 37 6 rAjadhAnI vArANasI 12 rAjapura 27 rAjapUtAnA 67 rAjamalla 21 rAjazekhara 52 rAjImatI 52 rADha-lATa 8 rADhAcArya 19 rANakapura 12 rAdhAkRSNa jAlAna 3 rAmacandra 35, 38, 53, 65

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52 85 rAmanagara rAmapurI-ayodhyA 39 vairI rAmAyaNa 24, 27, 37, 38, vakraka rAmilla 48 vacchalijjA rAvalapiMDI 48 vajjanAgarI rASTrakUTa 63 vajjabhUmi rumminadeI 41 vajji rUpanArAyaNa 32 vajjI 19, 27, 28 rUpyakUlA 9 vajrabhUti revA 58 vajrasena resaMdIgiri 59 vajrasvAmI 22, 30, 54, raivataka 50, 51 vaTTA roinAI (dekho ratnapurI) vatthagA romaka 24 vatsa roruka 48 vanavAsI rohagupta 43 vayaggAma rohiNI 41 varaghor3A rohItaka 48 varadatta -rohataka varaNA varaNA nadI baradA lalitapura varAhamihira lava 53 varAMga lavaNasamudra 1 varendra 34 -hindamahAsAgara vardhamAna-aTThiyagAma laMkA 19, 22, 32 vardhamAnapura 33, lAifa ina aiMziyeNTa iNDiyA 5 varSakAra lATa 47, 51 valabhI lADha 10, 11, 16, 19, valA -rADha 31, 32 vasiSThAzrama licchavi 13, 27, 28, 29 vasudevahiNDI . lohaggala / .. 11, 33, vaMga 30, 31 -loharaDAmA baMsa-vatsa 12

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* * * * vyavahArabhASya 67 vipula vrajamaNDala 45 vimalanAtha vAcaspati 28 vimalazAha vAcAlA 8, 9 viyAvatta vANijja 17 virATa-vairATa vANiyagAma 6, 11, 29 vividhatIrthakalpa 36,39,40,42,45 -vANiyagrAma vizAkhA -veniyA -ayodhyA vAmA 5 vizAlA vArANasI 5, 12, 16, 19, -ujjainI -banArasa 20, 35, 36 vItIbhayapattana 4, 16, 48, vArana (dekho uccAnagara) vIra pANDya vAsiTThiyA 17 vRndAvana vAsudeva 11 vegavatI vikramAditya 56 -gaMDakI vijayavardhamAna 33 veNUra vijayavArANasI 36 vetravatI vijoliyA 55 --betavA vijjAharI 17 vesAvaDiyA vijjhi 49 vaibhAra 20, 21, 50 vidarbha 61, 62 vairATa 16, 53, 54 vidizA 56, 57 vaizAlI 8, 10, 11, 12, 8, 16, 27, 28 -basAr3ha 22, 27, 28, 29 videhadattA 27 vaizAlIya -trizalA -mahAvIra videhaputra 27 vaizyAyana -ajAtazatru vidyApati 28 zakaTamukha vidyuccara 32 zakaTAra vinayapiTaka 40 zatAnIka vinItA--ayodhyA 39 zatrughna vindhyagiri 67 zatrujaya 3, 50, 53, vindhyAvali 55 -puNDarIka 55, 62 videha

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zirapura ( 18 ) zayyaMbhava 20, 24 zravaNabelagolA 66, 67 zaMkarAcArya 28 zrAvasti 4, 5, 6, 9, 11, 12, zaMkha 16, 17, 18, 20, 27, zaMkhavatI-ahicchatrA 37, 39, 40, 41, 45 zAkya 41 -saheTameTa zAlivAhana-sAtavAhana 64 zrIkSetra kuMbhoja zAha zrIpAla zAha jI kI DherI 48 zrIparvata zAhapura 49 zrImAtA zAMDilya 16 zrImAla zyAmAka 12 zreNika 20, 25 zikhara sammedazikhara 26 -bimbisAra 62. zvetAmbara 2, 29, 56 zivajI 24 zvetikA-seyaviyA 16, 41 zivapura-ahicchatrA zivarAjA sacela zivi 47 sanAvana zizupAla 59 -sinAvana zItalanAtha 36 samataTa zIlavijaya samarAiccakahA zuktimitI 16, 59 samita -suttivaiyA samudra zuSka rASTra samaMtabhadra zUrasena--sUrasena 16, 19, 43, 44 samprati 15, 49, 55, 61, zUrpAraka 64, 65, 67 -sopArA sammedazikhara 3, 5, 24, 26, 55 8, 29 -samAdhizikhara zailapura 31 -samidagiri zolApura 64 -pArasanAtha hila zaurasainI 44 sarayU zauri 44 sarasvatI 38, 48, 52 zaurIpura-sUryapura 16, 44 sarvatobhadra zramaNa pUjA 64 saheTa-maheTa (dekho zrAvasti) zUlapANi

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66 54 30 saMkissa 43 siNavallI (dekho sanAvana) -saMkisa si-to saMkAsiyA siddhatthapura 11, 12 saMkhaDi (utsava) 31, 50, 54 siddharSi saMthAla paraganA 27 siddhavarakUTa saMbhavanAtha 40 siddhasena saMbhuttara--sumhottara siddhazilA skanda 12 siddhArtha stavanidhi 64 sindha stambhana 53 sindhu 47,48 -khambhAta sindhu-sauvIra 16,48 sthavirAvati 16 sirasI svargadvAra 39 sirohI svarNa 20 siMhapura suvarNabhUmi 22, 25, 34, 65 siMhapura-sAranAtha 36 -baramA siMhala sAketa 5, 14, 16, 20, 38, 39 -laMkA -ayodhyA 48 sItA sAgara 59 sukumAliyA sAgarakhamaNa 34 sugrIva sAgaradatta 52 succhettA sAtavAhana 64 suttivaiyA sAnalaTTiya 12 -soittiyA sAranAtha-sAraGganAtha (dekho isipattana) sudharmA sAlajjA 11 sunIgha sAlATavI 33 supazya sAlisIsaya 10 supArzvanAtha sAhu ToDara 44 supratiSThAnapura mavitthiyA (dekho zrAvasti) -pratiSThAnapura sthANutIrtha ___46, 48 sunmabhUmi-suhma 10, 11, -sthAnezvara subhUmibhAga sthAnAMga 20 subhoma sikandarAbAda .63 sumaMgala gAma 66 12 3 " " 36 32 2 12

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( 20 ) sumha surapriya 50 hajArIbAga surabhipura 9 hatthakappa suvannakhalaya 9 -hastakavapra suvarNakUlA -hAthaba suvarNabhadra 58 hathilijja suvIra 44 hatthisIsa suhasti (dekho Arya suhasti) hanumAna suMsumArapura 12 haridvAra sUtrakRtAMga 6, 22 haribhadrasUri sUtrakRtAMga cUrNi 52 harivaMzapurANa sUtrapiTaka 40 harSapurIyagaccha sUryapura 44 haleddya sthUNA 14 hastigufA sthUlabhadra 2, 22, -hAthI guphA 29, 48 hastidvIpa seyaviyA 41 hastinApura 3, 5, 20, 37, -setabyA hastipAla sesadaviyA 22 haMTaragaMja seMdapA 59 hAtakalaMgaNA sopArA 65 hAriyamAlAgArI sonAgiri 49 hAlAhalA somadeva 44 hAlijja somadharma 53 himavata somanAtha 50 -himAlaya somabhUya 17 hIravijaya somA 6 huana-sAMga 21, 22, 28, 32, 34, soraTThiyA 36, 41, 42, 43, 45, sohAvala 39 48,51, 54, 56,59,66, saurASTra 16, 49 hemacandra 40 demacandra 36, 52, 62 -kAThiyAvAr3a haidarAbAda 62, 63 sauvIra 48 hoyasala 67

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thazo zlcPbl hamAre kucha prakAzana 0 P Rs Studies in Jaina Philosophy Dr. Nathmal Tatia, M.A., D.Litt. Rs. 16/tattvArtha sUtrapaM0 sukhalAla saMghavI sAr3he pA~ca rupayA Lord Mahavira Dr. Bool Chand, M.A., Ph.D. HastinapuraAmar Chand Rs. 2/4 dharma aura samAjapaM0 sukhalAla saMghavI Der3ha rupayA Jainism, Shri J. P. Jain, M.A., LL.B. Rs. 1/8 jaina grantha va granthakAra1. zrI phatehacanda belAnI Der3ha rupayA jaina sAhitya kI pragati 1949-51 paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI ATha AnA nirgrantha sampradAya-. paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI eka rupayA gujarAta kA jaina dharmamuni zrI jinavijaya jI bAraha AnA jainAgamapaM0 dalasukha mAlavaNiyA dasa AnA vistRta sUcIpatra ke liye likheM: The Secretary, JAIN CULTURAL RESEARCH SOCIETY, BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY.