Studies in Buddhist and Jaina Monachism

Author(s): Nand Kishor Prasad
Publisher: Research Institute of Prakrit Jainology & Ahimsa Mujjaffarpur

Page 56

THE SALIENT FEATURES OF JAINA ACARA
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lowed to them, but the use of any thing as an aid to the beauty and charm of the body was strictly prohibited to them as well. Consequently, complete, new and coloured robes'; garlands and ornaments; costly and decorated garments?; and mirror, oil and powder were in no case allowed to thein.
The most repulsive and troublesome thing which they practised to mar their appearance was uprooting of hair (loya) which, according to the Samavāyangasūtra, was done at an interval of two, three or four months. The Sthavirakalpikas did it chiefly in the rainy season?, while the Jinakalpikas in all seasons (dhuva loo).
iii Perfect self-control : In addition to the restraints as regards moral life and bodily negligence, the monks had to develop some positive virtues as well. In this connection the five mahāvratas, the five samitis, the three guptis and the ten yati-dharmas deserve special attention.
The mahāvratas formed the very basis of monk life. They consisted in abstaining from inflicting injury to living beings even in its slightest form (savvāö pāņā ivāyāo veramana); avoiding lies of all types but that which might not lead to disastrous consequences (savvão musāvāyāo veramana); giving up stealing, appropriating or using anything that had not been given or allowed to use by the lawful proprietor (savvão adinnadanão veramana); not indulging in sexual intercourse even of the slightest form like the touch of an animal of the opposite sex (savvão mehunão veramana) and renunciating all possession and attachment, either little or much, small or great (savvão pariggahão veramaña).4
The five samitis were those which regulated the movement (iriya), speech (bhāsā), begging (esaņa), receiving and keeping the requisites
1. Dasv, 3."-3, 3.61-64, 6.61-67; Samv, 18, p. 35b; Thān, 693, p. 460b; Suyg (SBE.
Vol. XLV), pp. 302-303, 380, etc; Ultat, 2.37; Ayar (SBE. Vol. XXII),
2.13.1-23 (pp. 266-68). 2. Ayar (SBE. Vol. XXII), 1.7.4.1 (p. 68); Nis, 6.19-23. 3. Nis, 7.1-12. 4. Ayar (SBE. Vol XXII),2.5.1.4-5 (p. 158);2.5.1.10-1” (p. 160);2.5.1.17 (p. 162). 5. Ibid, 2.2.1.8 (p. 122); Nis, 3.16-67; 13.31-41. 6. Op. cit., 57. 7. Kapp (SBE. Vol. XXII), p. 308; Nis, 10.44; NisB, 3210-3214. 8. DasaN, 85, p. 58b; Nis, 10.44; NisB, 3210-3214. 9. Ayar (SBE. Vol. XXII), 2.15 (pp. 202-210); Thăn, 389, p. 290a; Antg, p. 36;
Besides these five, the Daso, 4. 1-6 (pp. 5-7) adds abstinence from night-meal as the sixth mahāvrata. The Samu. 5, p.10a calls the mahāvratas as nijjaratthāna,