Studies in Buddhist and Jaina Monachism

Author(s): Nand Kishor Prasad
Publisher: Research Institute of Prakrit Jainology & Ahimsa Mujjaffarpur

Page 60

THE SALIENT FEATURES OF JAINA ACARA. The twelve bhikkhupadimas!, namely, māsiya, domāsiyā, limasiya, caumasiya, pañcamā siya, sattamāsiya, padhama saltaraindiya, doccă sattaraindiya, taccă sattar a indiya, ahorāiya and egarāiyā; and the four other padimas, viz. sattasattamia, atthatthamiya, navanavamiya and dasadasamiya, all of these were based mainly either on fasting or on tbe quantity of food and drink consumed by the practitioner. (9-10)
The main difference between the parīsahas on the one hand, and the tapas and the pratimas, on the other, was that the tortures caused by the former were natural and automatic, whereas that by the latter two, i. e. the tapas and the pratimās, were self-imposed. Besides the former was not practised by laymen, while a good number of the external austerities like aņas ara, urodariya, rasatyaga, and a few of the internal austerities such as pratikramara and vaiyāvstya were popularly carried on by layır en as well. It may also be noted that out of all these twelve types of austerities, anasana (fasting) had a very prominent place in the life of a Jaina, householder or ascetic. This is the reason that the Jaina scriptures abound in details as regards different facets of fasting
1. In some text only this list of twelve bhikkhu padimās is mentioned. As
such the details as regards number, division and explanation of padimas vary considerably. For example, the list given in the Thān, 84, P, 64b may be compared with those given in the Bhag, 2.1.93; pp. 123ab and Dasā, sixth dasā.