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Reals in the Jaina Metaphysics
recollection of all the ideas that we had in the past is not possible because there are some laws of association of ideas which determine not only that one idea only is to come up after another but that which idea is to follow which is also determined by them.
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DHARAKA AND PRERAKA ACTIVITIES OF THE SOUL DUE TO MANAS
Besides generating cognition in the soul and the feelings of pleasure and pain in it, Manas according to the Naiyayika's is also instrumental in generating all activities in the soul, which express themselves in the various functions of the body. These activities of the soul have been divided into two classes, viz:--the Dharaka and the Preraka. The Dharaka keeps the body erect and fit and prevents it from falling, while the Preraka moves it forward. The contention of the Nyaya school is that the soul is enabled to exercise these two functions with respect to the body only when it is in contact with Manas. A corollary to this is that so long as one is living, his Manas is confined within the limits of his body and never goes out of it. If Manas were to go out of the body even for a moment in one's life, his body would at once fall down; because the Manas would be out of touch with the soul then and no Dharaka energy would be generated in the soul which keeps the body fit and erect. This Naiyāyika doctrine of the Antaḥ-śarīra-vṛttitva or "the withinbody" functioning of Manas seems to have been challenged by some Indian thinkers. These thinkers maintained that in order to fully explain the phenomenon of recollection, we must suppose that Manas, when necessary, goes out of the body. Recollection is effected by Manas, coming in contact with Atma, the repository of all the Samskara's or impressions left upon it by percepts. Simultaneous recollection of all the things experienced in the past is not possible because simultaneous contact of the Manas with those impressions on the soul is not possible. These objectors agree with the Naiyāyika's that the soul is an all-pervasive substance but contend that it has an infinite number of
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