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358
Reals in the Jaina Metaphysics
SAMVARA
Bondage of the Soul consists in its subjection to the Karma. Hence, the Soul that wants Salvation, must first try to break the Karma-fetters. Ordinarily it is very difficult to break them off all of a sudden. It is for this reason that the activity of the Soul is first directed to the stoppage of the Karma-flow. 'Samvara' consists in the stoppage of the Asrava. Samvara prevents the further in-flow of Karma. The Jaina's maintain that Samvara is effected by "Gūpti' (preservation), Samiti' (carefulness), 'Dharma' (piety etc.), 'Parişaha-jaya (suffering of privations), 'Tapasçaraña' (penance), ‘Anuprekşā (contemplation of the unsatisfactory nature of the world) and 'Cāritra' (good conduct).
NIRJARĀ
Samvara stops the in-flow of the fresh Karma's. But it is also necessary that the already collected Karma's are destroyed; for salvation is impossible as long as there is any Karma in the Soul. "Nirjarā' consists in the annihilation of the already introduced Karma's. Savipāka' and 'Avipāka' are the two forms of the Nirjarā. The former consists in the annihilation of the Karma's because of their fruits being all enjoyed. Avipāka Nirjarā is the destruction of the Karma's through penance etc.
MOKȘA
The blissful Mokșa is attained when `Asrava' is stopped on account of the want of Yoga; 'Bandha' becomes loosened owing to the annihilation of Kaṣāya etc.; the already collected Karma's are destroyed by Nirjarā;—and thus when all the Karma's subside from the Soul altogether. In the state of salvation, there is no Bondage, nor the possibility of a future one. Moksa consists in the endless and unchangeable state of Knowledge, Perception, Power and Joy. It is attained through Right Faith, Right Knowledge and Right Conduct, — the three Jewels' as they are called.
Jiva, Ajiva, Asrava, Bandha, Samvara, Nirjarā and Mokșa are
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