Nyayavatara

Author(s): Satish Chandra Vidyabhushan
Publisher: ZZZ Unknown

Page 25

NYAYAVATARA.
17
साध्यसाधनयोाप्तिर्यत्र निश्चीयतेतराम् । साधम्र्येण स दृष्टान्तः सम्बन्धस्मरणान्मतः॥१८॥
18. Where the inseparable connection of the major term (sâdhya) and the middle term (sâdhana or hetu) is shown by homogeneousness (sadharmya), the example is called a homogeneous one, on account of the connection between those terms) being recollected.
An example (drstcînta) is a familiar case which reassures the inseparable connection (vyapti) between the major term (sådhya) and the middle term (letu). It is of two kinds: (1) homogeneous (sádharmya), and (2) heterogeneous (vaidharmya). The homogeneous exaraple is that which reassures the connection (vycpti) hy honogeneousness (sáidharnya), thus:
(1) This hill is full of fire (major torm); (2) because it is full of smoke (middle term);
(3) just as the kitchen (homogeneous example). Here the fire and smoke abide homogeneously in the kitchen.
साध्ये निवर्तमाने तु साधनस्याप्यसम्भवः । ख्याप्यते यत्र दृष्टान्ते वैधम्म्येणेति स स्मृतः॥१९॥
19. The heterogeneous example is that which shows that the absence of the major term (sâdhya) is followed by the absence of the middle term.
The heterogeneous example reassures the connection (vycapti) by contrariety, that is, by showing that the absence of the major term (sådhya) is attended by the absence of the middle term (hetu), thus :
(1) This hill has no smoke (major term); (2) because it has no fire (middle term); (3) just as a lake (heterogeneous example).