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JAINA BIBLIOGRAPHY
747
JAYASWAL, K.P.--Hathigumpha Inscription of the emperor Khāravela (173-160 B.c.) J.B.O.R.S. iii, 1917, Pp. 425 ff.
Pp. 425-67. Subject matter, dynasty of Khāravela, capital, Sātkarmi, invasion of Magadha, social data, text of the inscription, Translation, plates.
Pp. 473-85. Further Note on the Hāthigumphā inscription : Brihaspatimitra, education of Khāravela,
JAYASWAL, K.P.-Hathigumpha Inscription Revised from the Rock. (J.B.O.R. iv, 1918, Pp. 364 ff.)
Certain changes in the previous reading, corrections and additions to the text. Sanskrit rendering with the text.
K.G. Sankara AryAR.-The Hathigumpha cave Inscription of Kharavela (Ind. Ant. vol. XLIX, 1920, Bombay).
Pp. 43-52ff. The inscription opens with a salutation to the Arhals and the Siddhas, thereby indicating its Jaina origin. Khāravela a lunar King (Aira-Aila), Mahāmegha-vāhana (- Mahendra). Meghas in Kosala were the post-Andhra Kings. These Meghas must be the Meghavahanas of Kalinga who were emigrants from Kosala. Asoka gave 3 cave dwellings in the Barābar hills to the Ajivikas a sect of naked ascetics.
Khāravela's doings from year to year described. The Šātakarni identified with Sri Sātakarni (170-160 B.c.), the third Andhra King. Mushikanagara, situated in the Central Provinces ; Mushika Kingdom placed in south Travancore and its capital was, Kolam, the modern Quilon (Travancore Archaeological Series 2. 106-7). "In the 5th Year Khāravela extended into the capital city, from its former terminus in the Tanasuliya Road, a camal excavated by King Nanda (of Kalinga) in the Mouryan Year 103".
Khāravela a liberal Hindu who patronized Jaia Śramanas.
Vajra identified with the Vajra Country, i.e. South-West Bihar and East Bundelkhand. Bhāratavarsha restricted to the Gangetic Valley. Khāravela's 12th year should read as "And he serves the Jaina image of Kalinga brought by king Nanda (of Kalinga) with doors set with family gems and rings the wealth of Anga and Magadha".
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