Indian Antiquary Vol 45

Author(s): Richard Carnac Temple, Devadatta Ramkrishna Bhandarkar
Publisher: Swati Publications

Page 11

JANUARY, 1916]
NOTES ON GRAMMAR OF THE OLD WESTERN RAJASTHANI
7
the base is lengthened. I am inclined to explain -haü as derived from Sanskrit -sthakah, through Apabhrança -tthai, whence Old Western Rajasthani *-thai > -hai; or possibly from Sanskrit * -thakaḥ, a suffix which could well be appended to adverbs to form adjectives with a locative meaning, as is shown by the Sanskrit example : yavati-thah (Paņini, v, 2, 53; Manu, i, 20). From this suffix the following locative adjectives are derived in Old Western Rajasthani :
aghai « Anterior" (P. 584) < *agahaü < Ap, agga- < Skt, agraaraha i "Near" (P. 479) < urahaü (Adi C.) < Ap. ora-, avăra- < Skt. aparápahraii "Remote, far" (Up. 149, 265) < parahaii (Up. 54) <Ap. para- < Skt. pará
ûpharati “Superior” (Adi. 65) < ù paharaü (Daç. v, 13, Up. 178) < *úparihaü < Ap. uppari- <Skt. upári-.
With the two first examples above, Sindhi agaho and oraho may be compared (Trumpp, loc. cit.). Particularly important are the two forms urahai and parahaü, not only on account of their being connected with Old Western Rajasthani *oilai and pažlai
( 143), but also because of their being the prototypes of Mârwâți varo, paro, ro, which are used to form verbal intensives (Grierson, LSI., vol. ix, Part ii, p. 30). Traces of this use are already found in Up. and Adi C., two Old Western Rajasthani MSS. influenced by the Marwari tendency. Take the example following:
eka a pani akhi pahri kari "Having twitched off one of his own eyes" (Up. 265). For other examples see $ 78. 148. Other suffixes deserving particular notice are the following: -ana, -âna, occurring in: rajana (P. 181) and rajana (P. 171) "King":
-ima, identical with the Sanskrit krt-suffix -ima and used, as in Prakrit, to derive abstract nouns (in origin neuter adjectives substantivied, see Pischel, Prakr. Gramm., $ 602, n. 1). Examples: lavarima "Beauty” (F 647);
-ivali, occurring in : râjivari “King” (F 647);
-eradai, a double suffix used in the Up. mostly in a comparative sense. For illustrations see $ 79;
lai, from Apabhramça *-Itaü < Skt. *-tvakam, occurring in : atiratait "Distress, anxiety" (P. 60, 97, 376) < Ap. "aurattai < Skt. "âturatvakam. Modern Gujarati has orato and employs it in the sense of “Longing, desire". An instance of the weak form ta (Skt. -Ivam) of this suffix, is mithyâta “Impiousness" (F 728. 18):
ti. from Sanskrit -tá (två ?) > Ap. a (?), through substitution of the feminine termination i for a. Ex: tamati “Sport, hunting" (P. 134, 135) <Ap. *rammatta <Skt. ramyatd;
-raii, occurring as a pleonastic suffix in trijarai "Third” (Adi C.)
149. Lastly, I may mention the negative prefix ana- (< Ap. an. < Skt. an-), which in Old Western Rajasthani is very largely used before nominal as well as verbal forms. A few examples are:
anaghari "Houseless” fem. (P. 602) anatediu āviu chi iha " I have come here without being called " (P. 417) jagha anapharasatai "Not touching the legs" (Fra.) añadidhữ “Ungiven” (Das, i, 3) kli analahivaŭ na hui "Nothing is impossible to obtain" (sast. 10) tū anaja nai marama “Thou doest not know the secret" (P. 84).
(To be continued.)