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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY
[SEPTEMBER, 1911.
should have been found here. Again, the same temple seems to be referred to in the Kadaba plates of Prabhůtavarsba. In line 34 of this inscription, Akalavarsha [-Krisbraråja I.,] is said to have erected a temple which was styled after his own name Kapņeśvara (Kannesvara). Prof. Liiders, who has edited the grant, says: “In lines 29-30 it is said that the gun, reflected in its jewel-paved floor, seemed to have descended from heaven to show reverence to Parameswara. This and the form of the name indicate that the temple was dedicated to Siva. And it must have been an uncommonly magnificent building; for nearly the sixth part of the whole inscription is devoted to its description, and its erection is the only deed of the king which the author has thought worth mentioning. The temple spoken of here must, therefore, necessarily be that splendid Siva temple which, according to the Başodâ grant, was built by Kộishna on the hill of Elâpars, the modern Elúra.3 ” It, therefore, appears that the Kailasa temple was originally known as that of Kannesvara, or rather Kannaresvara. Now the question arises : how this temple is now known as Kailása, if it was originally called Kannaresvara. An explanation of it was given me by a Gurav, when I was there in February last ; and there is an air of plausibility about it. On the south side of the temple below a bridge, which is now fallen, but which was across from a balcony of the temple to a cave in the scarp, is a large sculpture of Râvaņa under Kailasa. Here Parvati is stretched out clinging to Siva ; while her maid, in fright at the shaking of the ground under her feet, is represented in the background fleeing for safety. This scene is sculptured touching the ground. In fact, the feet of Råvana have gone into the ground. This gives the idea that the temple is Kailasa which Råvana from below is trying to shake off. This sculpture, it therefore appears, first suggested the name Kailass for the temple.
Epigraphic conclusions are also corroborated by archæology in this respect. With regard to the date of this temple on purely architectural grounds, Dr. Burgess makes the following remarks: “No one will probably hesitate to accept this as a fact who is familiar with the plan and details of the grent Saiva templo at Pattadkal near Badêmi. The arrangements of the plan and even the dimensions of the two temples are almost identical. The style is the same, and even the minutest architectural ornements are so alike as almost to be interchangeable. In fact it would be difficult to find in India two temples so like one another, making allowance, of course, for the one being structural and the other cut in the rock, and the one being consequently one storey in height, the other two. Barring these inevitable peculiarities they both might have been erected by the same architect and certainly belong to the same age. What that was has been ascertained from an inscription on the Paradkal temple, which states that it was erected by tho Queen of the second Vikramaditya in the year 783 A. D., and consequently during the reign of Dantidurga, thus confirming the probability, in so far as architectaral evidence can do so, that the Kailasa was excavated during the reign of that monarch." The building of the temple might have been commenced by Krishnaraja during the reign of Dantidurga but finished when he became king,
IX. The Paramara King Dharanivaraha. In their accounts of the Paramaras, the chronicles of Marwap are full of the name of Dharani. varáha, who is looked upon as the most famous of the Paramara princes of Rajputana. It is reported of him that he made bimself master of nada-kot Marwar, which he afterwards divided amongst his nine brothers. The chhappaya-chhanda, which describes this, and which is known all over Rajputânâ, runs thus:
मंडोवर १सामंत यो अजमेर २ सिजुसुव । गढ पूगल गजमल हुवो लोग भाणभुव।। अल्हपल्हाभरबह भोजराजा जालंधर। जोगराज धरधाट हुवी हांसू पारकर॥ नवकोट किराडू संगत थिर पंवारहर थप्पिया। धरणीवराह धर भाइबां कोट वांट जूर किया।
Bp. Ind., Vol. IV., p. 337.
• Cave Temple of India by Ferguson and Burgess, p. 453.
