________________
XII, 41.
173
deformity, the loss of her virginity, a blemish, and proved intercourse with another man: these are declared to be the faults of a maiden.
MARRIAGE.
37. Madness, loss of caste, impotency, misery, to have forsaken his relatives, and the two first faults of a maiden (in the above text): these are the faults of a suitor.
38. Eight nuptial rites have been ordained for the (four) castes, by which wedlock may be entered into. The Brahma form is the first of these, the Prâgâpatya form is the second.
39. The Arsha, Daiva, Gândharva, and Åsura forms follow next. The Râkshasa form is no worse than the one preceding it, and the Paisâka is declared to be the eighth.
40. In the Brâhma form, a maiden decked with ornaments is given (to the bridegroom), after he has been invited and honourably received (by the father). When he has been addressed with the words, 'Fulfil your sacred duties together (with her),' it is termed the Prâgâpatya form.
41. When (the father) receives (from the bridegroom) a dress and a bull and a cow, it is termed the Årsha form. When she is given, before the
enumeration, anyagatabhâvâ, differs in import from the two terms immediately preceding it. Perhaps it denotes one pregnant, or who has had a child with another man.
37. To have forsaken his relatives.' It is evident that certain near relatives must be meant, as e.g. Manu says (VIII, 389) that a mother, father, wife, or son must not be forsaken.
38-43. Manu III, 20, 21, 27-34; Yâgñavalkya I, 58–61; Âpastamba II, 5, 11, 17-II, 5, 12, 2; Gautama IV, 6-13; Baudhâyana I, 20, 1-9; Vasishtha I, 28-35; Vishnu XXIV, 17-26.
40. See Professor Bühler's note on Manu III, 30, 27.
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