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Verse 15
The souls also (are substances).
Ācārya Umasvami's Tattvārthasūtra
Chic
11
(5-39)
Time also (is a substance).
Ācārya Umasvami's Tattvārthasūtra
रूपिणः पुद्गलाः ॥ Things which have form constitute matter (pudgalas).
(5-5)
Ācārya Pujyapada’s Sarvārthasiddhi Rūpa means form. What is form? The effect of the aggregation of colour, taste etc. is form. Things which have form are called material objects. Otherwise ‘rūpa’is a word denoting a certain quality. And things which possess this quality are material objects (rūpins). It does not however mean that taste, smell etc., are excluded, as colour is inseparably connected with them. The plural 'pudgalāh' is used in order to indicate the different forms of matter, such as atoms and molecules. These different forms of matter are described later. If it be admitted that matter is formless and one as premordial nature, (as in Sāmkhya philosophy), it would contradict the manifold effects that are seen.
Jain, S.A., Reality, p. 132-133.
The six substances (dravyas) Bearing in mind the fact that the world process is eternal, and that concrete things must have some sort of material basis for their being, we may lay down that the existing material of the
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