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48.
METHOD OF COMPARISON
termed mis-timed, the basing of a conclusion on an example which has a different time-value.
This exhausts the list of Naiyayika fallacies, but it is evident that no such thing as an invariable logical relationship is established with their aid. The point of difference between the Jaina and the Naiyayika logic lies in the fact that while the latter draws an inference from a similar example in all cases except where an instance can be pointed out to the contrary, the fallacy of erratic reason-or has not the same time-value, the former will refuse to draw a conclusion except where the reason on which it is to be based is a true logical vyapti. The following illustration satisfies all the requirements of a Nyayika syllogism, but is nevertheless one on the accuracy of which no true logician will ever stake his reputation, Illustration,
(1) The unborn child of Z. is a boy ; (2) Because he is the child of Z.; (3) Like all the orher children of Z, who are
boys. Here the reason the quality of being a child of 2.-is a homogeneous instance, and neither erratic, nor otherwise open to objection, but as there is no logical connection between it and any particular sex, there is no guarantee that the next child in Mrs. Zi's womb will be a boy, too. The reason in this case has always been invariably attended by the sådhya (the fact to be proved) in each and every one of the homogeneous examples
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