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MATHOD OF COMPARISON
Omniscient Teacher, holds good for all times, the past present and future. Hence, where one's own observation is supported by the experience of mankind in general and is also confirmed by the word of an Omniscient Teacher there is no room left for any manner of doubt there. This is the true function of Scripture which, as such, should be highly valuable as a Reference Book of Permanent Values.
We might pause here for a while to compare the merit, of the different systems of logic which have been known to prevail among men. These are
(i) The Jaina, (ii) The Naiyayika, (iii) The Buddhist, and
(iv) The European or Aristotelian methods. Our treatment of the subject in this lecture represents the Jaina system. The nyaya system bases the validity of inference on a homogeneous example (snha. dharmi drishtanta). Smoke was seen in the kitchen "Where there was fire; smoke is also seen on the moun. tain-top; hence there is fire on the mountain top. There is no question of a scientifically valid vyåpti ; the in. ference is not drawn by the force of a fixed unalterable rule, but simply from a homogeneous example. Even the safeguards against error laid down in the form of fallacies do not place the subject on a scientific basis. The fallacies are five in number, namely:
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