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CONFLUENCE OF OPPOSITES
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substantive being. The result of this defilement is thus described in the Dina., Mainog-i Kbird (SBE. vol. xxiv. p. 32).* And Aharman, the wicked, miscreated the demons and
fiends, and also the remaining corrupted ones, by his own
uopatural intercourse." These demons are lust, greed, anger and other evil traits and propensities of the soul that arise from the adulteration of spirit and matter. But this is purely the Jaina doctrine of asrava and bandha which was explained in connection with the scientific basis of religion. This is further evident from the teaching of the Zad-Sparam (chap. ii.9)."....... on the whole earth were the snake, the scorpion, the
lizard, and noxious creatures of many kinds; and so the other kiuds of quadrupeds stood among the reptiles; every approach of the whole earth was as though not as much as a needle's point remained, in which there was no
rash of poxious creatures,” In chapter four of the Zad Sparam (the tenth verse) Alarman is said to cause disfigurement of the creatures of Ahura Mazda, which also points to a material agent by necessary implication.
The explanation of this disfigurement is furnished in Shikand. Gumanik Vijar (Chap. ii. 6-9) as follows: "Being jujured and injuring, however they occur, do not
take place except from difference of nature and those of a different nature. Because in those of a like dature there exist similarity of will and unanimity, one towards the other, not injuring and being injared. And those
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